National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria;

Systematics and Phylogenetics Research Article ACTA ZOOLOGICA BULGARICA Acta zool. bulg., 68 (4), 2016: 483-490 Description of Ozyptila balcanica sp. n. from the Balkan Peninsula and its Comparison with the closely related O. umbraculorum Simon, 1932 (Araneae: Thomisidae) Christo Deltshev 1, Gergin Blagoev 2, Marjan Komnenov 3 & Stoyan Lazarov 1 1 National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria; E-mail: deltshev@gmail.com; st.lazarov68@gmail.com 2 Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada; E-mail: gblagoev@uoguelph.ca 3 Macedonian Museum of Natural History, Skopje, FYR Macedonia; E-mail: mkomnenov@gmail.com Abstract: Ozyptila balcanica sp. n. is described (based on both males and females) from Bulgaria (Zemen Gorge), Greece (Arkadia, Mainalo) and FYR Macedonia (Skopje Region, Osogovo Mts.). The new species resembles the poorly known O. umbraculorum Simon, 1932, recorded from France, Portugal and Spain, but is clearly a distinct species. Illustrations of both taxa are presented. Due to the isolated position of both species in the genus, we proposed a new species group umbraculorum, characterised by a large intermediate apophysis (ITA), armed with well-developed teeth, and a long scimitar-shaped tegular apophysis. The females have similar epigynes with pan-shaped median septum. Key words: Description, comparison, Ozyptila, umbraculorum species group Introduction The crab spiders of the genus Ozyptila Simon, 1864 are common in a range of ground habitats such as moss, detritus and leaf litter. Currently, the genus includes 103 species and five subspecies, 16 of which are known from the Balkan Peninsula (WSC 2016). Here, we describe a new Ozyptila species from the Balkan Peninsula (Bulgaria, FYR Macedonia and Greece). The new species resembles O. umbraculorum Simon, 1932 and was misidentified as the latter species by De l t s h e v & Bl a g o e v (2001). Additionaly, it was listed as Ozyptila pr. umbraculorum (De l t s h e v & Bl a g o e v 1992, St e f a n o v s k a et al. 2008). The Western Mediterranean species Ozyptila umbraculorum Simon, 1932 has been described by Si m o n (1932) on the basis of one female only, from the Pyrénées-Orientales (Massif de Conigou) in France. Sc h e n k e l (1938) reported this species from Spain (Granada), and Ma c h a d o (1949) described the male from Portugal. Machado s description is brief and does not contain comments on females, although the text shows that he had female specimens. Later, Ur o n e s (1985) and Ji m é n e z-va l v e r d e (2002) presented new illustrations of female and male, respectively, of O. umbraculorum from Spain. No author, therefore, has published drawings of male and female in the same paper. We provide a comparison of the new Balkan species with O. umbraculorum, for which new line drawings and photographs of the female holotype and a male from Spain are presented. Material and methods The spiders were collected using pitfall traps during field surveys in one site in the Eastern Zemen Mountain (Bulgaria), two sites within the city of Skopje (FYR Macedonia), two sites in the Southwest Osogovo Mountain (FYR Macedonia), and four sites in Greece (Figs., 1-7). Specimens were examined and measured using a Leica M205 C and Wild M5A stereomicroscopes. Photos were taken 483

Deltshev C., G. Blagoev, M. Komnenov & S. Lazarov with a Leica DFC digital camera on a Leica M125 stereomicroscope and a Lumix digital camera, attached to a Wild M5A stereomicroscope. Drawings were made using a drawing tube attached to a Leica M05 stereomicroscope. Coloration is described from alcohol-preserved specimens. The illustrations of Ozyptila balcanica sp. n. are based on the paratypes from the type locality (FYR Macedonia. Madzari). The illustrations of Ozyptila umbraculorum Simon, 1932 are based on the female holotype from the Museum National d Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (MNHN), and a male specimen from the Museo National de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, Spain (MNCN). Leg measurements were taken from the dorsal side. Total length of the body includes the chelicerae. All measurements are in mm. The material is deposited in the National Museum of Natural History, Sofia, Bulgaria (NMNH); University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece (ATA); Museum für Naturkunde, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany (ZMB); Museum National d Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (MNHN); Senkenberg Museum, Frankfurt, Germany (SMF), and the personal collection of M. Komnenov, Skopje, FYR Macedonia (CMK). The following abbreviations are used in the text and figures: AME, anterior median eyes; PLE, posterior lateral eyes; PME, posterior median eyes; VTA, ventral tibial apophysis; ITA, intermediate tibial apophysis; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; TA, tegular apophysis; fe, femur; tb, tibia; mt, metatarsus; d, dorsal; p, prolateral; r, retrolateral; v, ventral; E, embolus; MS, median septum; SAS, sclerotized angular structures; SP, spermatheca. Results Taxonomy Thomisidae Sundevall, 1833 Ozyptila Simon 1864 Ozyptila balcanica sp. n. Figs 8, 9, 11, 12, 15, 17, 18, 21, 22, 25-27, 31, 32 Ozyptila pr. umbraculorum: De l t s h e v & Bl a g o e v 1992: 32; St e f a n o v s k a et al. 2008: 45. O. umbraculorum: Deltshev & Blagoev 2001: 132. Type material: Holotype: (NMNH), FYR Macedonia, Skopje Region, Madzari, N 42.0008, E 21.5043 (230 m a.s.l.), 19.09.2005. Paratypes: 1 (NMNH), same data as holotype; 1 (NMNH), same locality, 26.09.2005; 1 (NMNH), same locality, 26.03.2005; 1 (NMNH), same locality, 23.04.2005; 1 (NMNH), same locality, 02.10.2005; 1, 1 (MNHN), same locality, 17.10.2005; 1, 1 (ZMB), same locality, 18.11.2005; 2, 1 (NMNH), Karposh, N 42.0044, E 21.4042 (253 m a.s.l.), 21.03.2005; 1, 1 (NMNH), same locality, 21.04.2005; 1 (NMNH), same locality, 28.04.2005; 1, 1 (SMF), same locality, 20.05.2005; 1 (NMNH), same locality, 20.09.2005; 8 (NMNH), same locality, 04.10.2005; 8 (NMNH), same locality, 22.10.2005; 3 (NMNH), same locality, 18.11.2004; 1 (NMNH), same locality, 24.11.2005, leg. D. Stefanovska. Osogovo Mts.: 1 (CMK), Kočani [=Kochani], N 41.9022, E 22.2862 (451 m a.s.l.), 14.04-15.05.2009; 2 (CMK), same locality, 15.05-09.07.2009; 3 (CMK), same locality, 05.09-09.10.2009; 9, 1 (CMK), same locality 09.10.2009-18.03.2010; 1, (CMK), same locality 18.03-27.04.2010; 3 (CMK), same locality 26.05-20.06.2010; 3 (CMK), Leški [=Leshki], N 41.9645, E 22.3798 (881 m a.s.l.), 05.09-09.10.2009 (leg. M. Komnenov). Bulgaria: Zemen Range, 1 (NMNH), N 42.4205, E 22.6921, (576 m a.s.l.), Polska Skakavitsa, 13.10.1984, leg G. Blagoev. Greece Peloponnese, Arcadia, Mainalo Mts.: 1, 1 (NMNH), N 37.6759, E 22.2119 (1344 m a.s.l.), 18.10-01.11.2006; 4 (UTA), same locality 18.10-01.11.2007; 1 (UTA), same locality, 06-22.06.2008 (leg. Y. Anastasiou). Erymanthos Mts.: 1 (NMNH), N 380810, E 21.5232 (1600 m a.s.l.), 04.10.1996-09.05.1997; 1 (UTA), same locality, 10.07-1.10.1997 (leg. Y. Anastasiou). Thessaly: Magnisia, Portaria: 1 (UTA), N 39.2260, E 23.077 (963 m a.s.l.), 24.04-28.06.1914 (leg. Y. Anastasiou). Western Macedonia: Florina, Prespes, Karies: 1 (UTA), N40.7475, E 21.1875, 24-29.06.2014 (leg. W. Nentwig) Material used for comparison. Ozyptila umbraculorum Simon, 1932, female holotype, Museum National d Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Paris; 1 male, National Museum of Natural Sciences (NMNS), Madrid. Etymology: The specific name derived from its terra typica, the Balkan Peninsula. Diagnosis: According to the three tibial apophyses (Figs. 11-13, 25-27), the new species could be put in distant position to the rauda species group (Hippa et al. 1986, Mar u s i k 2008) and differs distinctly from all other species of the rauda group and the genus. The new species is characterizsed an intermediate apophysis (ITA), large and armed with well-developed teeth (Figs. 11-13, 25-27). Such a type of ITA is otherwise present only in Ozyptila umbraculorum, hitherto known from France, Portugal and Spain (Figs. 14-16, 28-30). Both species appear closely related, but can be distinguished by the teeth on the ITA: six in O. umbraculorum, three of which are well-developed, tapered and sharp; four in O. balcanica sp. n., stout and not so sharp (Figs. 484

Description of Ozyptila balcanica sp. n. from the Balkan Peninsula and its Comparison with the closely related... Fig. 1. Distribution map of Ozyptila balcanica sp. n. 11-13, 25-27). The tegular apophysis of the new species is large, scimitar-shaped, extending over the bulb, but concave distally in O. umbraculorum (Figs. 14-16, 28-30). The females of both species are characteriszed by having a pan-shaped epigynal median septum. The differences between the two species are that O. balcanica sp. n. has a strongly sculptured, mace-shaped median septum; coiled insemination ducts obscured by sclerotised angular structures larger spermatecae (Figs. 21, 22, 31, 32). At the same time, O. umbraculorum has a smooth, pan-shaped median septum; visible and twisted insemination ducts; and smaller, curved spermatecae (Figs. 23, 24, 33, 34). Description: Male holotype: Total length 3.06; carapace length 1.44, width 1.44; sternum length 0.61, width ; opisthosoma length 1.80. Median ocular quadrangle, slightly longer than wide. Eye interdistances: AME-AME 0.25, AME-ALE 0.11, PME-PME 0.29, PME-PLE 0.25. Carapace brown, dorsally with yellow-brown V-shaped spot (Figs. 8, 9). Ocular area yellow-brown. Sternum, maxillae and labium yellowish. Chelicerae brown. Opisthosoma variegated yellowish-brown with median row of brown spots and transverse brown streaks. Legs brown to brown-yellowish, with white to yellow rings on segment joints. Spination of leg I: fe p 1-1-1, tb v 2-2, mt v 2-2-2 (Table 1). Male palp (Figs. 11-13, 25-27): Tibia with three apophyses. VTA transverse, distally rounded. ITA stout provided with four well-developed teeth. RTA slender and tapering. Tegular apophysis large, scimitar-shaped, extending over the bulb. Embolus long, with spear-shaped tip. Female (one paratype; Figs. 10c, d, 11c, d; Fig. 11a, b): Total length 4.32; prosoma length 1.62, width 1.62; sternum length 0.61, width 0.83; opisthosoma 485

Deltshev C., G. Blagoev, M. Komnenov & S. Lazarov length 2.88. All characters as described for the male. The coloration of the female is lighter. Leg measurements given in Table 2. Epigyne and vulva (Figs. 21, 22, 31, 32) pitlike, with lateral and posterior borders indistinct and with pan-shaped median septum, without hood. On both sides, sclerotised angular structures are present, which apparently hide the copulatory ducts. Spermathecae visible at dorsal side of vulva. Variation:. Total length rangeds from 2.88 to 3.24 (mean = 3.02) in males (n = 49), and from 4.14 to 5.22 (mean = 4.59) in females (n = 17). Table 1. Ozyptila balcanica sp. n. male leg measurements (holotype) Table 2. Ozyptila balcanica sp. n. female leg measurements (paratype) Legs I Femur Patella 1.08 0.65 Tibia 0.86 Metatarsus 0.79 Tarsus Total Legs 3.92 I 1.26 0.72 0.79 Metatarsus 0.72 Femur Patella Tibia Tarsus Total 0.61 4.40 II 1.08 0.58 0.83 0.68 0.50 3.67 II 1.08 0.65 0.72 0.68 3.67 III 0.86 0.50 0.50 0.43 0.36 2.65 III 0.83 0.50 0.47 0.36 2.70 IV 0.72 0.43 0.47 0.43 0.36 2.41 IV 0.90 0.47 2.99 Fig. 2-7. Sampling sites: 2 Zemenska Planina Mts. 3 Madzari, Skopje (type locality). 4 Karposh, Skopje. 5 Kochani, Osogovo Mts. 6 Leshki, Osogovo Mts. 7 Arcadia, Mainalo Mts. 486

Description of Ozyptila balcanica sp. n. from the Balkan Peninsula and its Comparison with the closely related... Fig. 8-16. Ozyptila balcanica sp. n. holotype. 8, 9 Habitus, frontal and dorsal views. 11-13 -Male palp, ventral, prolateral and retrolateral view. Ozyptila umbraculorum Simon, 1932. 10 Habitus, dorsal view. 14-16 Male palp, ventral, prolateral and retrolateral view. Scale: 0.6 mm (Figs. 8, 9, 10), 0.2 mm (11-13, 14-16) Ecology notes:. The specimens were collected from xerophyte steppe-like vegetation, and also on limestone terrains (Deltshev & Blagoev 1992; Stefanovska et al 2008). Males were trapped from March to May, and September to November; probably they matured in autumn, overwintered and survived until the following summer. Distribution. See in Fig. 1. Discussion Ozyptila balcanica sp. n. and O. umbraculorum apparently stand quite isolated within the genus. This suggests that they can be placed in a separate species group umbraculorum, which is characterised by a large intermediate apophysis (ITA), armed with welldeveloped teeth and a long scimitar-shaped tegular 487

Deltshev C., G. Blagoev, M. Komnenov & S. Lazarov Fig. 17-24. Ozyptila balcanica sp. n. paratype, the same data as holotype. 17, 18 Habitus, frontal and dorsal views. 21, 22 epigyne and vulva. Ozyptila umbraculorum Simon, 1932. 19, 20 Habitus, frontal and dorsal views. 23, 24 epigyne and vulva. Scale: 0.6 mm (Figs. 17-19, 22), 0.25 mm (20, 21, 23, 24) apophysis. The females have similar epigynes with pan-shaped median septum. Our illustrations of the female epigyne/vulva based on the holotype of O. umbraculorum agree well with those provided by Urones (1985), which confirms the affiliation of the male of this species described by Machado (1949). Acknowledgements: We are especially indebted to Dushica Ste- 488 fanovska who provided us with spider material from Skopje region and to Peter v. Helsdingen, Jeremy Miller and Victor Fet for the precise comments and linguistic improvement of the text. Special thanks also to Dimitry Logunov and Christoph Muster for the competent reviews. This study has been supported by the SYNTHESYS Project (http://www.synthesys.info/) financed by EC Research Infrastructure Action under the FP7 Capacities Program. Part of this project was co-founded also by the European Union (European Social Fund) and National Resources under the Operational Programme Education and Lifelong Learning Action 81324 SPIDOnetGR, ARISTEIA II Programme, NSRF 2007-2013.

Description of Ozyptila balcanica sp. n. from the Balkan Peninsula and its Comparison with the closely related... Fig. 25-30. Ozyptila balcanica sp. n. holotype. 25-27 Male palp, ventral, prolateral and retrolateral views. Ozyptila umbraculorum Simon, 1932. 28-30. Male palp, ventral, prolateral and retrolateral views. Scale: 0.2 mm Fig. 31-34. Ozyptila balcanica sp. n. paratype, the same data as holotype. 31, 32 Epigyne and vulva. Ozyptila umbraculorum Simon, 1932 (the type) 33, 34 Epigyne and vulva. Scale: 0.2 mm 489

Deltshev C., G. Blagoev, M. Komnenov & S. Lazarov References De l t s h e v C. & Bl a g o e v G. 1992. Faunistic and zoogeographic analysis of spiders (Araneae) in Zemen Gorge (SW Bulgaria). Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, 45: 26-35. Deltshev C. & Bl a g o e v G. 2001. A critical check list of Bulgarian spiders (Araneae). Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 12 (3): 110-138. Hippa H., Koponen S. & Oksala I. 1986. Revision and classification of the Holarctic species of the Ozyptila rauda group (Araneae, Thomisidae). Annales Zoologici Fennici, 23: 321-328. Ji m é n e z-va l v e r d e A. 2002. Presencia en la comunidad de Madrid (España central) del endemismo ibérico Ozyptila umbraculorum Simon, 1932 (Araneae: Thomisidae). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología, 6: 225-227. Machado A. de B. 1949. Araignées nouvelles pour la faune portugaise (III). Memorias e estudos do Museu zoologico da Universidade de Coimbra, 191: 1-69. Ma r u s i k Y. 2008. Synopsis of the Ozyptila rauda-group (Araneae, Thomisidae), with revalidation of Ozyptila balkarica Ovtsharenko, 1979. Zootaxa, 1909: 52-64. Sc h e n k e l E. 1938. Spinnentiere von der Iberischen Halbinsel, gesammelt von Prof. Dr O. Lundblad, 1935. Arkiv för Zoologi, 30 (A24): 1-29. Si m o n E. 1932. Les arachnides de France. Tome VI. Synopsis générale et catalogue des espèces françaises de l ordre des Araneae; 4e partie. Paris, 6: 773-978. St e f a n o v s k a D., Na u m o v a M, De l t s h e v C., La z a r o v S. 2008. Spiders from the Sкopje Region. A Faunistic and Zoogeographical Analisis. Historia naturalis bulgarica, 19: 35-49. Ur o n e s C. 1985. Aportaciones al conocimiento de la distribución de los Thomisidae (Araneae) en la Península Ibérica. Actas Congreso Ibérico de Entomología, León, 2: 449-458. Wo r l d Sp i d e r Ca t a l o g. 2016. World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch, version 17.0, accessed on June 2016. Received: 12.05.2016 Accepted: 02.08.2016 490