Introduction of the Progress in Nanotechnology in China Chen Wang National Center for NanoScience and Technology, China Beijing 100190, China
utline 1. Research Framework and Policy 2. Research Activities 3. Progress of Nanostardization in China 4. Interaction with the Society
utline 1. Research Framework and Policy 1. Research Framework and police 2. Research Activities 3. Progress of Nanostardization in China 4. Interaction with the Society
Time Government Agencies Research focuses on nanotechnology 1980 CAS and NSFC SPM and related topics at nm 1987-1995 1990-1999 1999 National High Technology Plan 863 MST Climbing up project MST National Key Basic Research Project 973 Ultrafine particles and fine ceramics Nanomaterials Nanomaterials and nanostructures 2000 ct. National Steering Committee for Nanotechnology 2002 National High Technology Plan 863 Nanomaterials and device applications 2002 Dec. 2003-2008 MST National Key Basic Research Project 973 National Center for Nanoscience and technology Nanomaterials, devices, nano-bio
Support for Nano Direct &Coordinate Council National Program for Nano National Develop Roadmap MST Key Projects,CAS NSFC Industry,NRDC Key Projects, ME Basic Research & High Tech 800 Uni. Inst. Corp. 3000 Scientists Nanomat. Nanodevices & Nanoelectronics Nanobiology & Nanomedicine Characterization & Standards MEMS & Nano fabrication
Governmental Nanotechnology Policy A Strategic Approach at the National Level to Find New Industrial Applications for This Technology--- NanoBio and Nanodevice Nanotechnology for Improving Traditional Products-Nanomaterials, Nanocomposites Enhance the Basic and Applied Research to Increase the Creative Ability and Form Creative Systems for Long Term Progress of NanoScience and Technology in China
Governmental Nanotechnology Policy Nanostandardation, nanosafety, risk evaluation Impacts of Nanotechnology on products, biology, environment, ethics and regulations Responsible R&D of NanoScience and Technology in China, as well as public benefits
Main Industrial Applications of NanoTech Nano-characterization Knowledge Domains Construction Materials Plastic/Rubber Fiber and Textile Dye/Coating Materials Catalysis Bio-Sensor Drug Delivery Bio-Medicine Energy Storage Energy Saving Devices Display Communication Data Storage
Commercialization in China Until the end of 2006, there are more than 800 Nanotech. enterprises and 120 institutions involved in Nanotech. Main Products are nanopowders of xides, Metals and their applications.such as coatings, fibers, papers, ceramics, catalyst etc. But, the enterprises are small.
National Centers for Nanotechnology in China National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, China (NCNST) Beijing, established in Dec. 2003 National Nano- Commercialization Base Tianjin National Center for Promoting and Developing Nanotechnology Shanghai
utline 1. Research Framework and Policy 2. Research Activities in Environment, Health, 2. and Research Safety Activities (EHS) 3. Progress of Nanostardization in China 4. Interaction with the Society
Industry-Institution Linkages Technique Transfer R&D labs & Institutions Industry Patent Product Nanotechnology Innovation Market
Science :Cut and Couple Manipulating Magnetism in a Single Molecule Single Molecular peration Manipulating Magnetism in a Single Molecular Kondo Effect Tc = 208 K China s Top 10 S&T Advances in the News of 2005 Future Molecular Spin Electronic Device? Science 309, (2005) 1542
NDR molecular device involving two C 60 molecules C. G. Zeng and J. G. Hou et al. Appl. Phys. Letters, 77(22)
Design and preparation of nanomaterials Uniform diameters 20 nm, Spacing 100 nm,length 2 mm Very long CNTs Array PAN ZW et al., NATURE, 394, (1998) 631
Enlarge Carbon nanotube yarns 30 cm x 200 m Nanotube yarn SEM and TEM Images of a single thread of the yarns SEM 500nm TEM 100nm 100μm SEM The yarns appear as thin ribbons composed of parallel threads that have dia. In the range of several hundreds of nms, with the width of the yarn roughly depending on the number of threads in the yarn. Jiang et al.,nature 419(2002)801
Crystalline CNT 金刚石拉丝模示意图 Sharp peaks at 26.3 degrees CNT raw materials Crystalline CNT Raman spectros copy Y.C. Zhao, L.F. Sun, S.S. Xie, NAN LETTERS, published on Web 03/14/2008
Carbon nanotube for high hydrogen storage The research group at Institute of Metal Research developed method of catalytic decomposition of hydrocarbons to synthesize high quality single-walled carbon nanotubes. By suitable pretreatment, a relative high hydrogen storage capacity can be achieved at room temperature for these single-walled carbon nanotubes with larger mean diameter. Liu, Fan, Cheng, et al. Science 286(1999), 1127
Tubular Graphite Cones G. Y. Zhang, X. Jiang, and E.G. Wang, Science 300, 472(2003) They report the synthesis of tubular graphite cones using a chemical vapor deposition method. The cones have nanometer-sized tips, micrometer-sized roots, and hollow interiors with a diameter ranging from about 2 to several tens of nanometers. The tubular graphite cones have potential for use as tips for scanning probe microscopy, but with greater rigidity and easier mounting than currently used carbon nanotubes.
Nano device: field emission display 用于场发射使用的纳米碳管以及场发射性能研究 Self-oriented regular arrays of carbon nanotubes and their field emission properties --------Fan SS, Chapline MG, Franklin NR, et al. Science 283: (5401) 512-514 1999
Multichannel ballistic transport in multiwall carbon nanotubes A high conduction capacity in an individual multiwalled carbon nanotube was demonstrated for the first time by the researches in IP, which would be very important for its application in integrated circuits as interconnect to replace Al and Cu materials. This result was selected as a cover image to publish in PRL (Aug.19, 2005). A dual-probe SEM system for measuring the transport properties of an individual MWCNT
Pumping water molecules and voltage generator 内腔有水的单壁碳纳米管具有纳米发电机及纳米泵的功能 Carbon Nanotube Nano-pump 纳米发电机 Measured in vacuum V1=V2 Measured in humidity V1 V2 Y.C, Zhao, L.F. Sun, S.S. Xie Adv. Mater. 2008
ShenZhen Nanotech Port Co.Ltd It has been ranked top level in carbon nanotubes industry, and it also one of the most important manufactures in the global carbon nanotubes industry. Max: 10tons/per year of MWCN
Wang X, Li YD, et al, Nature, 2005, 437, 121 Monodispersed nanocrystals Noble metal, magnetic/ dielectric, semiconducting, rare-earth fluorescent, biomedical, organic optoelectronic semiconducting and conducting polymer nanoparticles
Nanostructures and nanobiosystems In vivo MR detection of Cancer New synthetic route for producing biocompatible magnetite (Fe34) nanocrystals via one-pot reaction. Further in vivo MRI results revealed that the conjugates of Fe34-antibody formed via covalent bond can specifically target tumor carried by living mice. H N H N Fe 3 4 H N N H N H Fe 3 4 n H NE-PT reaction: Produce biocompatible nanocrystals potentially useful for in vivo applications Dose level: 3.17 mg Fe/kg BW Gao et al., Adv. Mater., 2006, 18, 2553; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2005, 44, 123; Adv. Mater., 2005, 17(8), 1001
The synthesis and drug delivery properties of novel hollow mesoporous silica spheres with uniform size and morphology. With a very uniform diameter of only 200 nanometers, the vehicle can safely carry and transport drugs in human blood vessels and release them suspendedly and in a controlled manner only at therapeutic focuses targeted by physicians under the guidance of external magnetic field. Shi JL, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.(2005), JACS(2005) China s Top 10 S&T Advances in the News of 2005 200nm
Lubrication and lubricated grease containing nanoparticles Lubrication composite used in the space or aircraft Lubrication and lubricated grease containing nanoparticles Complex solid lubrication thin film with nanostructures thers: Lubrication and lubricated liquid oil containing nanoparticles
Using intercalation compounding,make a series of polymer/clay nanocomposite such as polystyrene(ps) and ultra high molecular weight polyethlene(pe) The products have high strength,high heatresistant, low density, and favorable processing Polymer/clay Nanocomposite
Scratch resistant transparent composite coating 透明耐划伤的纳米复合材料涂层 Transparent coating that incorporates high concentration of nanoparticles 40wt.%Si 2 20μm 800nm Polycarbonate film without nano-coating With high filler content Si 2 nano-coating
Percentage, % Distribution of Nano Products by Applications 25 20 Plastic Textile Ceramic ther 15 Coating Rubber 10 5 20 20 17 13 13 17 0
Nano-Ring MRAM based on Spin Polarized Current Driving X.F. Han, et al., Institute of Physics, CAS
Multiterminal sensor: High sensitivity High reliability signal1 ground signal2 Four-arm Zn sensor for detecting current and voltage simultaneously 纳米氧化锌四角锥器件 :3 个纳米电极可以同时得到 2 个电压 / 电流动态响应 Dynamic response curves of current and voltage measurements 通过两条动态响应曲线的互相比较可以区分图中箭头所示的 伪 信号 孙连峰, 张增星等,NAN LETTERS 8,652 (2008)
utline 1. Research Framework and Policy 2. Research Activities 3. 3. Progress of of nanostandardization Nanostandardization in in China 4. Interaction with the Society
Aspects of nano-standardization Production stage Characterization Processing and handling.. Products
National Primary Reference Material of Nanoscale Particle Size Producer:China University of Petroleum, Beijing Description CRM-No. Certified Value (nm) Polystyrene Spheres CRM Polystyrene Spheres CRM Polystyrene Spheres CRM Expanded Uncertainty(nm) GBW 12009 948 23 GBW 12010 352 13 GBW 12011 61 4 61 nm 352 nm 948 nm
Si 2 Spheres Reference Material Producer:University of Petroleum, Beijing Description Modal Sphere Diameter (nm) Standard Deviation (nm) Si 2 Spheres RM 297± 8 8.3 Si 2 Spheres RM 571±14 11 Si 2 Spheres RM 1035±20 25
Step height Reference Material Producer:National Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, China (NCNST) Step Height: 50 nm,100 nm, 200 nm, 500 nm, 1000nm Substrate Material: Si Wafer Step Height Film Material: Thermal xide (Si 2 ) Traceability: Metrological Atomic Force Microscope
Working Group for Nanomaterial Standardization(2003-12 ) 2005-06-20 National Technical Committee on Nanotechnology of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC279): Sub-committee on nanomaterials Working group on SPM Micro-nano-fabrication Nanoindentation testing Health, security and environment
Serial Number 1 2 3 4 5 Nanotechnology Standards of China Number Title Published GB/T 18735-2002 GB/T 19345-2003 GB/T 19346-2003 GB/T 13221-2004 GB/T 19588-2004 General specification of nanometer thin standard specimen for analytical transmission electron microscopy (AEM/EDS) Amorphous and nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloy strips Measuring method of magnetic properties at alternative current for amorphous and nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloys Nanometer powder Determination of particle size distribution Small angle X-ray 2002 None 2003 None 2003 None 2004 Nano-nickel powder 2004 None Identical or Modified to IS (IEC) IS/TS 13762:2001,MD Particle size analysis -- Small angle X-ray scattering method 6 GB/T 19589-2004 Nano-zinc oxide 2004 None
Serial Number 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Nanotechnology Standards in China Number Title Published Identical or Modified to IS (IEC) GB/T 19591-2004 GB/T 19619-2004 GB/T 19590-2004 GB/T 19587-2004 GB/T 19627-2005 GB/T 20307-2006 GB/T 20099-2006 Nano-titanium dioxide 2004 None Terminology for nanomaterials 2004 None Nano-calcium carbonate 2004 None Determination of the specific surface area of solids by gas adsorption using the BET method Particle size analysis-- Photon correlation spectroscopy General rules for nanometer-scale length measurement by SEM Sample preparation- Dispersing procedures for powders in liquids 2004 2005 2006 None 2006 IS 9277:1995,NEQ Determination of the specific surface area of solids by gas adsorption using the BET method IS 13321:1996,IDT Particle size analysis -- Photon correlation spectroscopy IS 14887:2000,IDT Sample preparation -- Dispersing procedures for powders in liquids
Serial Number 1 2 3 ther Chinese Standards Related to Nanotechnology Number Title Published Identical or Modified to IS (IEC) GB 11847-1989 GB/T 13390-1992 GB/T 17507-1998 Determination of specific surface area of uranium dioxide powder by multipoint BET method Metallic powder-determination of the specific surface area- Method of nitrogen adsorption General specification of thin biological standards for X-ray EDS microanalysis in electron microscope 1989 None 1992 None 1998 None 4 GB/T 12334-2001 Metallic and other inorganic coatings--definitions and conventions concerning the measurement of thickness 2001 IS 2064:1996 IDT Metallic and other inorganic coatings -- Definitions and conventions concerning the measurement of thickness 5 GB/T 18873-2002 General specification of transmission electron microscope(tem)-x-ray energy dispersive spectrum(eds) quantitative microanalysis for thin biological specimens 2002 None 6 GB/T 18907-2002 Method of selected area electron diffraction for transmission electron microscopes 2002 None
Serial Number 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ther Chinese Standards Related to Nanotechnology Number Title Published GB/T 10722-2003 GB/T 19921-2005 GB/T 19922-2005 GB/T 19077.1-2005 GB/T 6524-2003 GB/T 20170.1-2006 GB/T 20170.2-2006 Carbon black Determination of total and external surface area by nitrogen adsorption Test method of particles on silicon wafer surfaces Standard test methods for measuring site flatness on silicon wafers by noncontact scanning Particle size analysis-laser diffraction method Metallic powders Determination of particle size distribution by gravitational sedimentation in a liquid and attenuation measurement Test methods for physical characters of rare earth metals and their compounds-- Determination for particle size distribution of rare earth compounds Test method of physical characters of rare earth metals and compounds Determination on specific surface area of rare earth compounds 2003 None 2005 None 2005 None 2005 2003 None 2006 None 2006 None Identical or Modified to IS (IEC) IS 13320-1:1999,MD Particle size analysis -- Laser diffraction methods -- Part 1: General principles
Involvements of International Standardization Activities Chinese proposals for nano-standards to following IS/TCs IS/TC201/SC9 IS/TC229 IS/TC229/WG2 IS TC24/SC4
Activity of International Standardization in China and International Collaborations IS/TC229/WG2 NWIP Dr. Chunying Chen Technical Specification; Use of neutron activation analysis (NAA) and inductively coupled plasma-mass Spectroscopy (ICP- MS) in the Elemental analysis of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) IS/TC24/SC4(Committee - Particle Sizing by Methods other than Sieving) WG10 Small angle X-ray scattering method. Dr.Weiguo Chu attend IS/TC24 meeting in New rleans, Louisiana, USA on 6, 7 March, 2008 to modify IS/TS 13762:2001)Nanometer power-determination of particle size distribution-small angle X-ray scattering method.
utline 1. Research Framework and Policy 2. Research Activities 3. Progress of Nanostardization in China 4. 4. Interaction with with the the Society society
Existing Governmental Regulations in China 2003: New Chemical Substance Environmental Regulations utstanding concerns: toxicology and ecotoxicology of artificial nanomaterials US: Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA) EU: Code of Conduct for Responsible Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies Research (Feb. 8, 2008)
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