Full Name: Date: Per: Quiz: Cell Processes and Microscope (60 points) DIRECTIONS: Clearly label the microscope below using the word bank WORD BANK: (words may be used more than once) Arm Base Body Tube Course Adjustment Knob Diaphragm Fine Adjustment Knob Light Source Objectives Ocular Lens Revolving Nosepiece Stage Stage Clips Body Tube Revolving Nosepiece Objective Objective Objective Stage Clips Diaphragm Light Source Ocular Lens Arm Stage Course Adjustment Knob Fine Adjustment Knob Base Image from http://www.cpsk12.org/cms/lib8/mo01909752/centricity/domain/3616/microscopes.pdf 1 of 8
DIRECTIONS: Write clearly and identify each type of cell division and their phases below WORD BANK (words may be used more than once): Anaphase Anaphase I Anaphase II Cytokinesis Interphase Meiosis Metaphase Metaphase I Metaphase II Mitosis Prophase Prophase I Prophase II Telophase Telophase I Telophase II Telophase II Type: Mitosis 1. Interphase 2A. Prophase 2B. Metaphase 2C. Anaphase 2D. Telophase 3 Cytokinesis 2 of 8 Image from http://images.slideplayer.com/18/6108476/slides/slide_5.jpg
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 10. 9. 8. 7. 6. Type: Meiosis 1. Interphase 2. Prophase I 3. Metaphase I 4. Anaphase I 5. Telophase I 6. Prophase II 7. Metaphase II 8. Anaphase II 9. Telophase II 10. Cytokinesis Image from https://s3.amazonaws.com/classconnection/832/flashcards/7682832/jpeg/meiosis_med-14cb5f866824d14146d.jpeg 3 of 8
DIRECTIONS: Circle the best answer 1. What are the names of the nitrogenous bases on DNA? A. Carbon dioxide and oxygen B. Adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine C. Prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase D. Adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine E. None of the above 2. If DNA is like a ladder, what are the compounds that make up the sides of the ladder? A. phosphates and bases B. phosphates and sugars C. bases only D. phosphates only E. bases and sugars 3. Which of the following is a characteristic of DNA? A. carries genetic information B. in the shape of double helix C. made from deoxyribose D. all of the above 4. What are the names of the nitrogenous bases on RNA? A. Carbon dioxide and oxygen B. Adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine C. Prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase D. Adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine E. None of the above 5. There are several types of RNA involved in protein synthesis, which TWO are they? A. Programmer B. Producer C. Messenger D. Synthesizer E. Transfer F. Decoder 4 of 8
6. A scientist finds a cell that is very old and very simple. This cell is probably a: A. a new type of cell B. eukaryotic cell C. a plant cell D. prokaryotic cell E. an animal cell 7. In order to prepare a wet mount slide, which of the following should you NOT do (pick ALL that apply)? A. Hold the coverslip at a 45 degree angle to the slide and move it over a drop of water B. Drop the cover slip onto the slide C. Press on the cover slip to try to remove air bubbles D. Gently lower the angle of the cover slip to allow the water to evenly coat the under surface E. Break the cover slip and/or damage your specimen F. Check your slide to be sure that the bottom of the slide is dry 8. Humans have how many chromosomes in their gametes? A. 46 B. 26 C. 42 D. 23 9. What is the name of the structure that connects the two chromatids? A. Cytokinesis B. Mitosis C. Centromere D. Spindle Fiber E. Cell Plate 5 of 8
10. What is the correct order from first to last in the cell cycle diagrams below? A. BECFAD B. DAFCEB C. CEBFAD D. FADCEB 11. Which part of the microscope regulates the amount of light on a specimen? A. Diaphragm B. Light Source C. Course Adjustment Knob D. Fine Adjustment Knob 12. In which stage do the chromosomes reach the poles, and the nuclear membrane and nuclei reform in 4 daughter cells? A. Telophase B. Telophase I C. Telophase II 13. What structure forms in prophase, along which the chromosomes move? A. Centromere B. Chromatid C. Spindle Fiber D. Cell Plate 6 of 8
14. What forms across the center of a cell near the end of telophase? A. Centromere B. Chromatid C. Spindle Fiber D. Cell Plate 15. What is the longest phase of the cell cycle and what is the percentage? A. Cytokinesis - 80% B. Cytokinesis - 90% C. Telophase - 80% D. Telophase - 90% E. Interphase - 80% F. Interphase - 90% 16. When a cell goes through meiosis the end product is: A. 2 haploid cells B. 4 haploid cells C. 4 diploid cells D. 2 diploid cells 17. Dogs have 78 chromosomes in their diploid cells. How many chromosomes do they have in their haploid cells? A. 78 B. 39 C. 1 D. 2 18. What term is referred to as the failure of one or more pairs of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate normally during nuclear division, usually resulting in an abnormal distribution of chromosomes in the daughter nuclei. It is often used to explain genetic disorders. A. Crossing Over B. Nondisjunction C. Diploid D. Haploid 7 of 8
DIRECTIONS: Write a short essay in complete sentences using proper punctuation and grammar to answer the following question Mitosis is just one small part of the cell cycle! Using your scientific knowledge, describe in detail what would occur if cells were in mitosis more than they were in interphase? What abnormality would occur? 8 of 8