Animal Phyla: A Summary Danilo V. Rogayan Jr. Faculty, College of Education, Arts and Sciences Ramon Magsaysay Technological University
Phylum Platyhelminthes The phylum consists of four classes Turbellaria (flatworm) Trematoda (fluke) Cestoda (tapeworm) Monogenian Triclad Flatworm Phylum Platyhelminthes 2
Summary The first groups of worms that we will discuss are the flatworms. As their common names suggest, flatworms are flattened dorsoventrally and soft-bodied. Some intestinal tapeworms may grow up to 100 feet (30 meters). All flat worms belong to Phylum Platyhelminthes. Turbellaria (e.g Planaria), Cestoda (e.g tapeworm) and Trematoda. (e.g fluke).
Phylum Nematoda Nematodes (Gr. nematos, thread) or roundworms About 16,000 species have been described Triploblastic, bilateral, vermiform (resembling a worm in shape; long and slender), unsegmented Body round in cross section and covered by a layered cuticle; molting usually accompanies growth in juveniles
Phylum Nematoda Complete digestive tract; mouth usually surrounded by lips bearing sense organs Most with unique excretory system comprised of one or two renette cells or a set of collecting tubules Body wall has only longitudinal muscles
Phylum Annelida Members of the phylum Annelida are the segmented worms. Metamerism has important influences on virtually every aspect of annelid structure and function.
Phylum Annelida Members of the class Polychaeta are annelids that have adapted to a variety of marine habitats. Some live in or on marine substrates; others live in burrows or are freeswimming. Parapodia and numerous, long setae characterize the polychaetes.
Phylum Mollusca Molluscs are protostomes. Relationships to other protostomes are distant and evolutionary pathways are speculative. Molluscs have a coelom, as well as a headfoot, visceral mass, mantle, and mantle cavity Most also have a radula
Phylum Mollusca Members of the class Gastropoda are the snails and slugs. They include the only terrestrial molluscs. Torsion and shell coiling modify their bodies. Clams, oysters, mussels, and scallops are members of the class Bivalvia. They are all aquatic filter feeders and often burrow in soft substrates or attach to hard substrates.
Phylum Mollusca The class Cephalopoda includes the octopuses, squids, cuttlefish, and nautili. They are the most complex of all invertebrates and are adapted for predatory lifestyles. Other molluscs include members of the classes Scaphopoda (tooth shells), Monoplacophora, Aplacophora (solenogasters), and Polyplacophora (chitons). Members of these classes are all marine.
Phylum Arthropoda The arthropods are by far the most successful phylum of animals, both in diversity of distribution and in numbers of species and individuals. They have adapted successfully to life in water, on land and in the air.
Phylum Arthropoda About 80% of all known animal species belong to the Arthropoda - about 800,000 species have been described, and recent estimates put the total number of species in the phylum at about 6 million.
Phylum Arthropoda Arthropods are found in a greater variety of habitats than any other animal group; on top of mountains, at great depths in the ocean and in the icy wilderness of Antarctica. They can survive great extremes of temperature, toxicity, acidity and salinity.
Phylum Echinodermata Although many classes of echinoderms are extinct, living echinoderms are divided into six classes: (1) Asteroidea, sea stars; (2) Ophiuroidea, brittle stars and basket stars; (3) Echinoidea, sea urchins and sand dollars; (4) Holothuroidea, sea cucumbers; (5) Crinoidea, sea lilies and feather stars; and (6) Concentricycloidea, sea daisies.
Phylum Hemichordata and Phylum Chordata
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