Sy h w ANSI/HI fugl luy um dd by G.R. Add*, A.S. Rudv, d A. Sllg h Hydul Iu h mld h k f dvlg w ANSI/HI dd 12.1-12.6 (2005) f dym (fugl) luy um vg mlu, df, l, d. h dd vd xml f h dff luy um y d xv um d luy df. h ff f luy um fm vd lg wh h umg f fh. Rf l md ANSI/HI dd 9.6.7 (2004), whh w mhd f um fm wh hdlg vu flud. Clf f luy v blhd d h ud dm lm vl d l hd um d b bl w fm. h w v l, hd g d h lm dly ld l d h d h wll ff ld ym m. h w vw h f h w dd, hghlgh h m, d du h f h luy lf, dg lm d xd ml, ully wh g f h um ld ym. Idu h w dd w dvld by l Sluy um Sdd Cmm fmd by h Hydul Iu d w ud ju wh h Am Nl Sdd Iu. S gg l fm lm ll f h luy um mufu g h Hydul Iu wkd h w dd. h k v fv y ml. M h um mufu k h dvlm, lg wh u m d dul d dm x. h w f uh w m mmb f h mm, whl h hd w mj dm bu. h dum v ll y f fugl um ud f umg lu, uh : ly uld fm mud, l uld, hzl, w lv, d u ubmbl, ld, uld, ml d lm um y. Exml gv f h dff y f luy um vlbl lg wh l, d df. (S Fgu 2.) m d df A uqu HI dd bd m l h h f um y, h dum xv luy v m d df. Ch vdd f v dff l vl, wgh vlum v, d f flw g gud luy bg lg -lg. All h vdd dul u. Slg (hgu) d -lg (hmgu) l umg h dbd hmlly. A ugh b f lf gv Fgu 3. Eff f luy um fm h fm f fugl um ffd by h ld h luy. Slu wh m f h l mll h bu 75 μm hwg -lg vu bhvu dd h ubqu. Slg lu h um fm dg, ld ff f lg lu mlly dbd m f h d f gv Fgu 4. Fm f h dd h dd fllw h uul HI fm h wh, um y d mlu. Fgu 1 blw hw yl ml ud, dd u d l z. * GIW Idu, USA. W Ml Nh Am, USA. Lul Uvy f hlgy, Swd. h Suh Af Iu f Mg d Mllugy, 2007. SA ISSN 0038 223X/3.00 + 0.00. h w f ublhd h SAIMM Cf, Hyd 17, 7 11 My 2007. h Jul f h Suh Af Iu f Mg d Mllugy VOLUME 107 REFEREED AER JUNE 2007 403
h w ANSI/HI fugl luy um dd l dm, l Mxmu dhg u, k Mxmu dhg u, l l dm, mm Fgu 1 yl ml y f dhg u d l z Fgu 3 Shm lf f luy flw f vu ld dy (Af Aud l.) Fgu 2 yl luy um d l Fgu 4 Eff f luy um h (hm) h f d dfd Fgu 4 bd h um h h dd flw y d. Wh ml g g h uully bl um. Cg ldg m, glzd dg dgm f m f h fm dg gv Fgu 5. h dgm gv h hd du f RH m f um mll dm (D) d 404 JUNE 2007 VOLUME 107 REFEREED AER h Jul f h Suh Af Iu f Mg d Mllugy
h w ANSI/HI fugl luy um dd Fgu 5 Glzd ld-ff dgm f um f vu z (mll dm). F ld by vlum, Cv = 15% wh lv dy f ld, S = 2.65 d glgbl mu f f l, Xh vg ld l z (d 50 ) f bl f luy wh 15% by vlum ld f 2.65 lv dy d glgbl mu f f l. R H vlu bd fm Fgu 5 uly mulld by f C CV, C S, d C f f lu wh dff (C V ), dff lv dy f ld (S S ), d dff f f (l h 75 m) l (X h ), vly. Equ f h f d bf xml fllw. xd by f f hd, C H, flw, C Q, d ffy, C η. I x f h vu HI du f vy, ANSI/HI 9.6.7 (2004) vd glzd dg mhd lkd lg bdy f xml d d bd um fm Ryld umb djud f f d. h ldg m, B, h mhd uld vu ml lh f h f whh l d ghlly, Equ [2] d Fgu 6 wh h f l dfd. C H d C Q x h vu flud hd v h w hd d h vu flud flw v h w flw, vly. C η x h ffy vu v h dud flw v h ffy f h uffd flw w v. B xd fllw: [1] F w, umd h h R h = R η whh m h h w um dly wh h luy dy,.. m = S m w wh S m h luy dy d h w m d w w dfd Fgu 4. h um mm vv f lg um. Wh mll um d lu f wll v bu 20% vlum, h w my b lg h xd bv, dd h dvdul f h ld. Exml A um wh 0.89 m dm mll ud C v 15% f 2.65 f gvy luy f vg z 1 mm wh f l, wll dg Fgu 5 hv R h f bu 8% (H = 0.92). If h f f l l h 75 m (X h ) d fm z 20%, h C f = (1-0.2)2 = 0.64 gvg R h bu 5% d f 8%. N-lg lu Vu lqud I d wh h kw Hydul Iu du, h hg um fm wh umg vu Nw lqud f gv w uv d y d Fgu 6 Shm f h h uld h m B Equ [2], wh umg vu Nw lqud, ANSI/HI (2004). h dg f dfd d ld w umg h kh h Jul f h Suh Af Iu f Mg d Mllugy VOLUME 107 REFEREED AER JUNE 2007 405
h w ANSI/HI fugl luy um dd wh v S, Q m3/h, H m d N m. I fllw fm Equ [2] h lg flw,.. lg um, ffd l h mll um d h hgh y d du h ff f gv hd d vy. Slu h HI mhd xm, bu bl f h ff f Nw lqud h fm f m l u f km Nw v l h bu 4 000 m h f w, ANSI/HI (2004). I l d h ff ld - Nw lqud d l-lqud mxu,.. lu, byd h f h mhd. fm huld b d u wh h ld um d ul vu mdum b hdld, wh u fm l. Wh -Nw flud d lu, um fm ff vy wdly. Hghly-d lu f f l, f l umg u, -lg d bhv hghly -Nw wy d f xhb yld. h yld dfd h mmum qud u h luy flw. M d xml um fm ul f hghly -Nw lu f kl wh l mlly mll h bu 2 μm. I h lgh f h dfful xd bv h d ul whh hv b ld h vy f u Equ [2]. Hghly d dul lu f b xmly d by yld d gh l f lg h hgm. h l f h l f dd g vy. If h l lh vl z h h h luy Bghm y f mdum, wh h l (g vy) md l vy ff f gdy. h d h vy hv b mlyd hz luy vy f u h HI mhd b h ff fm Fgu 6 f -lg - Nw lu. umg fh h f f fh wh fugl luy um l u l mmly ud h lud f fl u. f d g luy h u l d h hd, flw d ffy f um d, wh g mu f, h l wll l. h vy lg f h fh bg hdld u h ml lh h ud d umg fm d qu uqu h lg d lyg um f h v. h dd gv dld d f h l f fh f f um l d zg. h fh f mull h h dg y llw f h d g vlum ud by h g h fh. h fd vlum uully u h um b l z lg h wuld mlly b ld. [2] Ov zg h um bly hdl mulh mxu g g du h fllwg : h lg l dm vd f m hyl wh umul f whu g h flud flw h um. h d mll y dm qu u f lg dm. h ld du h u l vly, hu dug l l, d hf h vlbl NSH f h ym. h mll f lg dm wll u lw d f, whh wll ul du f h NSH qud by h um. Ddg h mufu d h l, h f ld wll vy; yl vlu 1.5 4 bu uld b hgh gh. My f flu h z f h fh f d h my lud h vy f h lqud, h z f gd f h ml, d h hmy ud h. h y f um ld wll l hv ff. Sm vl um fh f f mm gv bl I. Wh fyg um, m h h ul md w f h f vlum bg umd, wll h blhd fh f vlum h um u. F xml, f h f vlum qud 500 m3/h d h fh f h b fd 2, h l vlum umd b hgh 500 2 = 1 000 m3/h. h um mu b bl f hdlg h d f flw h f f gvy, my b qud um flud whu fh. I m udd h h vlum f h um l h ff h um fm. A vlum dly dd u u. F h h fh um huld lwy wh v u u, d h hgh h u, h b h um fm h b xd. Alhugh lyg lg um my b dd ml, h h h v wk wll my, lly wh vl um, l f whh mlly fll h lw ym hd g wh hd ldm v 20 m. Wh hgh hd qud, hzl fh um b ud. Sl d l d u gm, uh flw du d lly fld v, vd b hg fh hdlg. bl I Axm fh f Al um fh f C ugh 1.5 C l 3.0 Mlybdum ugh 2.0 Mlybdum 3.0 h 2.0 I 4.0 6.0 Cl 6.0 406 JUNE 2007 VOLUME 107 REFEREED AER h Jul f h Suh Af Iu f Mg d Mllugy
h w ANSI/HI fugl luy um dd Eff f luy um NSH qud Wh umg luy, h v u hd qud by fugl um d xd 3% hd d (NSHR) wll, m um, md h w. Eff f ld NSH dd h luy y d h um dg. F lg lu f lw mdum, md NSHR b xd. F ul l h b vvly md by dvdg h vlu f NSHR w by h hd H dud bv. F vu d -lg lu mxu wh d, h ff NSHR b gfly g. h dd ugg h h um mufu huld b uld f gud gdg luy ff NSHR. Sm lv fm b fud Rudv (2004). um w d h w dd vd fm w mhm, w ff, d h f dff ml. h dum f uml mhd f lulg w, bu h f g y mhd. Rh, h dd vd v l h hw Fgu 7 f dfyg w vy, bl llug dg mxmum mbl hd g d mll vly lm ( bl II), wll mmdd g g f dff dg f dhg g. h bkgud fm h hd lm mmdd bl II, vdd h dd, d h fllwg. Cm vy gly wh h z (flw w) f h um d h vlum f ld d. Ug h lf d f h um m dvdd by h f ld d, bl m u wh u h b md wh dff hd d f d dg. Whl dff u g d u yl u gf d, d d d f mgud umb b dd h b ud m w m umd f gv ld. H huld b d h umd ld hy w wh llw f dwm m (lbu) hg u. H huld b d h f mlzd dg wh mll mll hud lg v d vl fl f. h hll, mll d h u l umd b hgh hm wh whl h bdg luy ld f l d. F ld z h h 300 m d f dff ml, h w ff h, Fgu 12.22 h dd, b ud m h ff f h vbl. Hd lm d h 40 m hd g lm m fm h wllv d lm h hv b ud v h y ju wh v l h Fgu 7. h lm blhd w f bl w, bu wh w bl w dfd hu f h mu. Sllg l. (2005) fud h w md b dd f flw f dff z ml um ld h dg f gv duy. O h h hd, w l fud h w d g vd dbly wh dff hd g, l z, d ld du. Fuhm, w hw h Cl 4 v w hd hlf f h l g (l + gy + w) f h um, bu h (f ll v) md xmly h m f ld d b gdl f h um f d (N ) f gv hd, ld z, d duy. I w l d h h hgh u l w d lghly hgh ffy f hgh N um md b ff by h hgh hll w d hgh l f h lw N um. kg h luld w d fm Sllg l. (2005) d umg ddzd hk f h lmg f h m, bl m u wh m lf f h mll, u l, d hll w d f h luy um. Fgu 7 Sv l h f luy um v w bl II Suggd mxmum g vlu f bl w Sv l 1 2 3 4 Mxmum hd g: m 123 66 52 40 f 400 225 168 130 Mxmum mll hl d: All-ml um (m/) 43 38 33 28 (f/m) 8500 7500 6500 5500 Rubb-ld um (m/) 31 28 26 23 (f/m) 6000 5500 5000 4500 h Jul f h Suh Af Iu f Mg d Mllugy VOLUME 107 REFEREED AER JUNE 2007 407
h w ANSI/HI fugl luy um dd Fgu 8 Ovll d f f u l, mll, d g m f vu f d d hd dd f um z I lm ll, h u l lf dm h m bw m vl. If, l f, h bk-u um, h h wll u dwm, whh b gf. Fgu 9 hw h luld dwm u f h dff hd ld by vlum f 20% wh vg l z f 300 m dff um dg f d. h hw h lg m vl bw m lw dwm (wh l) b hvd h by lw hd g lw N dg mb hf. Cu dl h w dd db wd ml f u d gv mmd f h lg wh h gm dl. Rmmdd bg hug d g hf l dbd m dl wh l mhl l d wh hy my b ud. h dd ly u hf lgm lm d mmd mmum bg lv hw bl III. Rqud luld bg lf lg f m v v g f h lg m d udy ld ud. Ill d h d h dd lud fm w mhd f dmg mxmum mbl flg ld bd h um hld dw bl h lmg. Dwm u y (6000 h) Fgu 9 Ovll dwm d y vu f d f vu umg hd 408 JUNE 2007 VOLUME 107 REFEREED AER h Jul f h Suh Af Iu f Mg d Mllugy
h w ANSI/HI fugl luy um dd bl III Cluld fgu lf f bg by luy v l Sluy v l (Rf. Fgu 7) Mmum luld bg fgu lf (L10 lf hu) 1 17 500 2 35 000 3 50 000 4 50 000 ( 1) N 1: F lg um f l 4 v, uggd, lf huld b d 2 000 hu f vy h (25.4 mm) f u dm v 12 h (305 mm). N 2: Lv d f h um fd g d. Gudl vdd mmg, u, djum, g, d dmbly. A l vdd bl g blm d m du f mxmum lf. A d h vd lg wh bf wh mum huld b k d h y f um h d b mlyd. h dd lud ml qum d h h fm y fy d z h luy um, xv u ml, f d d g u v, ml v, d dx. Clu A w Sluy um Sdd h h b dud by h Hydul Iu h f HI mv dum bd y f v. h dd vd fm fugl luy um y, mlu, df, d mmd l lm. Addl fm d h ml f h ld ff, luy vy, h w hd lm, d h f w dud. Rf 1. ANSI/HI 12.1-12.6. Sdd f dym (fugl) luy um. 2005. 2. ANSI/HI 9.6.7. Eff f lqud vy dym (fugl d vl) um fm. 2004. 3. AUDE,.C., COWER, N.., HOMSON,.L., d WAS, E.J. Sluy g ym: d, Chml Egg, Ju 1971. 4. ROUDNEV, A.S. Sluy um Su fm Cd.. 16h Il. Cf Hyd, BHR Gu, Sg, Chl, 2004,. 13 150. 5. SELLGREN, A., ADDIE, G.A., VISINAINER, R., d AGALHIVARHI, K. d f luy um m w d, dg, WEDA XXV d x A& M Aul Ddgg Sm, Nw Ol, U.S.A., Ju 2005. 6. WALKER, C.I. d GOULAS, A. fm h f fugl um wh hdlg hmgu lu..i. Mh. Eg. 1984,. 1,. 41 49. 7. WILSON, K. C., ADDIE, G.R., SELLGREN, A., d CLIF, R. Sluy Ug Cfugl um, 3d Ed., Sg, Nw Yk, USA, 2006, 435. h Jul f h Suh Af Iu f Mg d Mllugy VOLUME 107 REFEREED AER JUNE 2007 409