A MONTHLY PUBLICATION FOR MALAYALEES IN U.K.

1 A MONTHLY PUBLICATION FOR MALAYALEES IN U.K. Iv\m\mb {]hm-knbpss X\na Free. For Private Circulation Only SNEHA SANDESHAM VOL : 1 2008 NOVEMBER ISSUE - 1 Hcp {]`mx khmcn s{]m^. Fw. sp. txmakv (Xºn km ) E-mail : thomman16@yahoo.co.in \yqtbm p \K-c-Øn Hcp Xnc p sxcp-hnse \S- m-x-bn-eqss hymbm-a-øn-\mbn \S- p-i-bm-bn-cp p. Ccºn- m-bp hml-\-߃ \S- m-x p hnd-b-ep- m- n-bn-cp- p. at\m-l-c-amb tdmup-iƒ, kpo-h-amb \K-c-ho-Yn-Iƒ F mw a\- n\p Dt jw ]I n-cp- p. amen-\y-߃ \nd- Xpw hoxn Ipd- - Xp-amb tdmup-ifpw KXm-KX \nb-aßsf sh p-hn-fn p sim p t]mepw ]m p t]mip hml-\-ß-fp-ap \ΩpsS \m nse tdmup-i-fpss Hm Ω a\- n sxfn- p. AXm, apºn-semcp t_m Uv. t_m Up Nq p `mktø p t\m n. Hcp \oscm-gp- v. Hgp-Im th {X sh -an- m-ø, hfsc timjn-, A{X `wkn-bn- mø Hcp \oscm-gp- v. Fs \SØw XpS p. henb Xnc- n- mø Hcp `mkøp h -t mƒ \ -th-k-øn IS p t]mb Hcp Im t{_ n- Xp t]mse txm n. Im Fs -b-spøv \n Øn. Nn p XmgvØn, Hcp bphxn Fs t\m n Cßs\ ]d p ""F m km, Cu apjw Hm Ω-bpt m?'' s]s p Imcyw a\- n-em-imsx t\m n \n F\n v a\- n aßn- n-s Hcp cq]w DW p hcp- Xp t]mse txm n. ""emenbt '' Rm {]Xnh-Nn- p. s]s v ^vfmjv _m n-se t]mse F mw sxfn p hcp- p. h j߃ ]exp ]nd-tim p t]mbn. Rm ]Tn- n- n-cp NpW- p- n-bmb emen ]Tn- n-cp timtf-ppw, tlmãepw ]cn-k-c-ßfpw i_vz-ap-j-cn-x-amb A co- hpw F mw at\m-ap-ip-c-øn sxfn p h p. Ft m Ip -am-tcm- ]n p emensb tlmã-en \n pw Cd nhn -Xpw, AXp kw_- n v Ãm^vao- nw-knepw Unkn-πn IΩ- n-bnepw N -Iƒ \S- Xpw Hm Ω h p. k`m-h-kv{x-[m-cn-bmb tlmã hm U-t\mSp ""] -\pw ]d-b-cp-sx'' p Xt -S-tØmsS emen ]d- Xpw k`m-xew sr n-ø-cn- Xpw Rm Ipsd t\cw Hm Øp \n p. B NpW- p- n-bmb emensb ChnsS Cu alm-\-kc-øn h p bmzr- n-i-ambn I p-ap- n-bxpw A p-x-ambn txm n. emen Fs Aº-c v Ah-km-\n- n p sim p ]d- p, "km!' Rm tpmen ÿetø- m-wv. \ap v ]ns ImWmw, ImW-Ww. Fs Xma-k-ÿ-esØ n At\z-jn- v, emen [rxn-bn h n-hn p t]mbn. c p\mƒ Ign v Hcp kmbm- -Øn emen Fs hk-xn-bn-se- Øn, Fs H w Iq n Xs hk-xn-bn-te v t]mbn. hfsc \mƒ Ign p I p-ap- n-b-xn-ep kt m-j-hpw, {]nb-s A ym-]-i-t\m-sp _lpam-\hpw emen-bpss s]cp-am- -Øn Zriy-am-bn-cp- p. Hc- ym-]-i\p e`n- m-hp kt m-j-i-c-amb Ah-k-c-ß-fn-sem- mwp injy-cp-am-bp CØcw IqSn- m-gvn-iƒ. CXn-\nsS emen-tbmsv Ip n-i-sf- - nbpw ` Øm-hn-s\- - nbpw At\z-jn- p. hfsc æm\-x-tbmspw Zp:JtØmSpw emen Cßs\ {]Xn-I-cn- p ""km, AsXmcp \o IY-bm-Wv. km Adn-bpw, Fs ko\n-b-dmbn \ΩpsS timtf- Pn ]Tn- n-cp Pbnw-kv. At±-l-am-sWs ` Øm-hv. {KmPp-th- m-wv. ]ns AXp-anXpw ]Tn p \S- p. Rm \gvknwkv Ign v Ctßm p t]m p. R߃ hnhmlw Ign v Chn-sS-sb-Øn. Pbnw-kn\p ChnsS tpmen In n-sb- nepw F p awn- q "\n p' tpmen sntø- -Xmbn h p. At±-l-Øn\p A`n-am- \-t_m[w IqSp-X-em-bn-cp- Xp sim v _p n-ap- m-bn. Akz-ÿ-\m-bn. "CutKm' apdn-thev]n p XpS-ßn. Iptdt» azy-]m\w XpS-ßn. R߃ XΩn A`n-{]mb-hy-Xym-k-am-bn. Ct mƒ ]nw-ßn. Fhn-sStbm Id-ßp-I-bm-Wv. `mcy-bpss sne-hn Ign-bm At±-l-Øns A`n-am\w kω-xn- p- n-.'' Ata-cn \ΩpsS kz]v\hpw ]dp-zo-k-bp-am-wv. ]s Ahn-sSbpw {]iv\-ß-fp- v. ITn-\m- zm-\-amwv B \msns apj-ap-{z. \m n \n pw h v F p apdnsb ]Wn-sb-Sp- p Fs F m injy pw Ah-cpsS {]nb-s - -h pw Rm \ -Iƒ t\cp- p. tim bw AXn-cq-]X IØo-{U CXp \nß-fpss ka-b-am-wv, A -Im-c-Øn-s bpw (s{]m^. amxyp {]m ) lqã & kzn v e v ]niv\n- nse Nn{X-߃ BZ-c-Wo-b-cmb Iv\m\m-b- m (dn. Fb am j F{_lmw snω-e- pgn) Iv\m\mb (I-tØm-en- m) s^mtdm-\-i-sf- p-dn-s mcp ]w n 7 \yqpgvkn Iv\m\mb I -h j Nn{X-߃ 8 C{km-tb ImgvN-Iƒ knã A`b Bfl-lXy snbvx-xmwv ({]ap-j-cpss shfn-s -Sp-Ø-ep-Iƒ) 3 4 5 16 17 si v Iv\m\mb I -h j Nn{X-߃ 20

2 Sneha Sandesham Iv\m\mb {]hm-kn-iƒ m-bp kup\y {]kn- o-i-cww MONTHLY Book -I Issue - I Nov. 2008 PEOPLE BEHIND SNEHA SANDESHAM Chief Editor & Managing Director: Alex Kaniamparambil (U.K.) Email: snehasandesham@gmail.com Associate Editor: Zacharia Puthenkalam(U.K.) Email: zputhenkalamjose@gmail.com Chief Coordinator (India): Joseph Paikadan Tel: (+91) 938 761 4169 Email: snehasandesham@gmail.com Regional Co-ordinators: Australia: (1) Sajimon Joseph Varakukalayil Tel: (+61) 39 543 1135 Email: sajimon.joseph@airliquide.com (2) Thomas Kuriakose Akkamyalil Tel: (+61) 39 449 8334 Email: akkamyalil@hotmail.com Europe: Thomas Elakattu (Switzerland) Tel: (+41) 62 771 8414 Email: elakattu@hotmail.com Middle East: Stevenson Analil (Qatar) Tel: (+974) 427 0780 Email: steveanalil@hotmail.com North America: Sabu Abraham (USA, Houston) Tel: (+1) 832 533 8713 Email: sabuabraham47@hotmail.com Republic of Ireland: Jaimon Tel: (+35) 31 451 6924 Email: beenaj03@yahoo.com Advisory Board: James Joseph Karakkattu Prof. Mathew Pral V K Mathew Karakakutty Design & Layout Admiral, Changanacherry F n\v? ""Ncn-{X-kw-`-h-ß-sfbpw kzx-{ -Nn- m-k-xn- m-cmb k`m-a- -sfbpw, Ah-cpsS kmaqly \thm- m\ e y-tøm-ss-bp Nn -I-tfbpw Xa-kvI-cn v Cu {]kn- o-i-c-whpw A\oXn {]h Øn- n- p- v. ax h cmjv{sob Nn m-k-xn-isf ImS-S p shsn-h pw Ahsc Dƒs m- m-t\m, a\- n-em- mt\m Xøm-dm- Im-sX, X\Xp Nn mamf-ß-fn Xe ]qgvøn, Xe-ap-d-tbmSv \oxn {]h Øn- m-xn-cp- n- p- v. hgn amdn Nn n- -h-tc-bpw, thdn p \S- -h-tcbpw {InkvXo-b-kvt\-l-Øn Dƒs m- p- -Xn h ]mfn- -bm-hww \qdp h j-ß-fm-bn pw X\Xp Itºmf hrø-øn\p ]pdøv {]k- n-bn- mø Hcp {]kn- o-i-c-w-am-bn, AYhm hf apc-sn Hcp {]kn- o-i-c-w-ambn CXv \ne-\n p- -Xv. hna i-\-th-f-i-fn hnthiw shsn- -Xpw, k`-bpss {]Xn-k- n-i-fn k`m-t\-xr-xz-tømsv th {X kl-i-cn v ss{ikvx-h-km- y-ambn \ne-sim- p- -Xn h hogvn-ifpw ad- m-hp- -X-. Cu Pq_nen kam-k-a-th-f-bn Ct m-gsø FUn-t m-dn-b t_m Un\pw (Cu {]kn- o-i-c-w-øn-s ) ap Im-e-{]-h Ø-I pw th n, h p t]mbn- p CØcw t]mcm-bva-isf {]Xn a tnmzn- -s.'' ""Pq_nen: IShpw IS- mspw'' F t]cn 2003 s^{_p-h-cn-bnse I Ω-e-Ip-kp-a-Øn A -Sn p h Hcp am-]-w-amwv taep- -cn- -Xv. {]kn- o-i-c-w-߃, {]kvxm-h-\-iƒ, \b-߃ Ch-sbms HutZym-Kn-I-am-Ip-tºmƒ k m-cn-s -tbm, k`bp-ss-tbm, ]m n-bp-sstbm, BI-s, kxyw, kzmx{ yw Ch-sbms _en-bm-sm-hpi ]Xn-hm-Wv. GsX- nepw cmjv{sob ]m n Hcp apj-]{xw Bcw-`n- m XpS- -Øn F{X \ e y-ß-tfmss Bbmepw Ime-{ItaW ]m n-bpss \b-ß-sf-bpw, sx p-i-sf Xs bpw \ymbo-i-cn- pi F Ah-ÿbnte v AØcw {]kn- o-i-c-w-߃ Xcw Xmgm-dp- v. HutZym-Kn-I-X-bpsS im]w F p thw-sa- n CXn\v t]cp hnfn- mw. ssen-hn-j- kwt{]-jww C y-bn Bcw-`n v Ipsd h j-ß-tfmfw Zqc-Z i F k m Nm\-ens IpØI XpS p t]mbn. amdn amdn h ti{µ-k m CXns\ Xß-fpsS {]N-c-tWm-]m-[n-bmbn am{xw I p. ]cn-]m-sn-i-fpss \ne-hmcw ASn-bv Sn Xmgv p-sim- n-cp- p. Cub-h-k-c-Øn-emWv Gjym-s\ v t]mep kzimcy-nm-\-ep-iƒ cwk-{]-thiw snbvx-xv. AXp aqe-ap- mb am w hfsc {]I-S-am-Wv. Zqc-Z is ]cn-]m-sn-i-fpss \ne-hmcw t]mepw \ms-io-b-ambn Db p. B[p-\nI temiøv am[y-a-ß-fpss {]k n Du n ]d-tb- Xn- -t m. Nn m-lo-\-cmbn ""aq - m-cpss'' ]n mse A\p-k-c-W-bp Ip n-i-fmbn P\w \S- n-cp- Xv Cs mcp hnzqc kvacw am{x-am-wv. hnzy-sim- p- mb G hpw henb t\ w, k t -iz-c a\p-jy p am{x-ambn X Nn m-i n th hn[-øn D]-tbm- Kn- p-hm km[n- p p F -Xm-Wv. Nn m-i- n-bp- -bn-søv hntbm-pn- p- m-ipw. hntbm-pn- p- m-ip- n-ssø mw hntzz-j-ap- m-i-w-sa- n-. hntbm-pn- p- -h v ka-cks Sm\mWv N -Iƒ. am[y-a-߃ N m-th- Zn-Iƒ IqsS-bm-Wv. N -I-fn Nne A]-I-S-߃ ]Xn-bn-cn- p- v. bmym-ÿn-xni a\- p-i-fpss DS-a-Iƒ v Xt -X- mø A`n-{]m-b-ß-tfmSv ]e-t mgpw kln-jvwpx ImWn- m km[n- m-dn-. AØcw kml-n-cy-ßfn Ah a p- -hsc AS- m-t ]n v ""X\Xp Nn m-am-f-ß-fn Xe-]qgvØpw'' CXp Xs -bmwv I Ω-e-Ipkp-a-Øn\p h Ah ]n osv G p ]d hogvn. Iv\m\mb kap-zm-b-øns apj-]-{x-am-wt m A]v\m-tZ-iv. Adp-]Xp h j-tømfw Db -sbbpw XmgvNsbbpw hi-h-bv msx Iv\m\mb a ƒ mbn {]kn- o-i-cww XpS A]v\m-tZ-ins t]mcm-bva-isf DuXns -cp- n v hna in- pi F Xv ]e Iv\m\mb _p n Pohn-I-fp-sSbpw Hcp {Iqc-hn-t\m-Z-am-sW v txm n-bn- p v. ]e-cp-ssbpw hna i\w AXns vt]cn \n p Xs Bcw-`n- p- p. C y v kzmx{ yw e`n- p-ibpw lnµn tzio-b-`m-j-bm-hp-ibpw snbvx Hcp Ime-L- -Øn, A sø kzx{ hmbp izkn Bth-i-Øn, `mcxw AXns {]mtz-ini Nn -I-sf mw shsn-bp-sa- pw, I -d-bnepw Im mºm- n-epw, I - -\-bnepw P\-sa mw Xma-kn-bmsX lnµnbnem-bn-cn pw kwkm-cn- p-i F pw txm nb Hcp Ime-L- -Øn-emWv A]v\m-tZiv Bcw-`n- p- -Xv. Iv\m\mb a sf tziob apjy-[m-c-bn-te v sim p hcm-\p Hsc-fnb {ia-am-bn-cp p Cu {]kn- o-i-c-w-øns lnµn-bn-ep \ma-i-c-ww. A]v\m-tZ-ins \ne-hm-c-sø- p-dn v hne-]n- p- -h h -t m-gp-sa- nepw H p kzbw tnmzn- Ww CXns \ne-hmcw Db Øm-\mbn F p kw`m-h\ Rm \ In? Ccp- ns\ i]n- p- -Xn-t\- mƒ \ -Xt Hcp sagp- Ip-Xncn IØn- p- Xv? Ccp- ns\ i]n- p- -Xn\p ]Icw R߃ IØn- p Hcp Ip p-sa-gp-ip-xn-cn-bmwv Cu Ffnb {]kn- o-ic-ww. Dt±i ip n F -sxm p am{x-amwv Rß-fpsS Ah-Im-i-hm-Zw. tic-f-øn\p shfn-bn GXm v Ccp-]- Xn-\m-bncw Iv\m\mb IpSpw-_-߃ Xma-kn- p- p-s - mwv Rß-fpsS A\p-am-\w. C{Xbpw henb Hcp kaqlsø FØn- n-sn- m-\p k o-i-c-w-ß-tfm, kwhn-[m-\tam C m-sx-bmwv kvt\l-k-tµ-i-øns Bcw`w. CsXmcp Ce-Ivt{Sm-WnIv am[y-a-am-b-xp-sim v CXp e`n- p- -h, Ah-cpsS _ p-an-{xm-zn-iƒ v ""t^m thuv'' snbvxv CXns\ {]N-cn- n- p-sa p R߃ {]Xym-in- -s. Hcp N m-th-zn-bm-wv. \n߃ v cpnn- mø A`n-{]m-b-߃ CXns Xmfp-I-fn \n߃ Is -Øn-sb- n-cn- mw. \n߃ v kpj-i-c-a-s - n-epw, \nß-sf-t mse Xs kzx-{ -\mb as m-cm-fpss A`n- {]m-b-am-wxv F _lp-am-\-tømss AXns\ ImWp-I. AØcw A`n-{]m-b-߃s -Xn-cmbn i_vzn- m\pw kvt\l -k-tµ-i-øns Xmfp-Iƒ \nßsf kzmkxw snøp- p. Hcp ]pxnb {]kn- o-i-c-w-sa \ne-bn, kwi-b-zr-jvsn-tbmss CXns\ ]ecpw ImWp-sa kxyw R߃ a\- n-em- p- p. Ah-tcmSv C{Xbpw am{xw ]d-b-s Iv\m\mb kap-zm-bsø \in- n- pi F X kvt\lk-tµ-i-øns e yw. kap-zm-b-øns Btcm-Ky-]-c-amb hf -bv v, Cu {]kn- o-i-cww klm-b-i-c-am-i- W-sa- n, CXns hnc-en-se-æm-hp ]n -Wn-{]-h Ø-I am{xw a\ p h m t]mc. hmb-\- m Hmtcm-cp- Øcpw ]q Æ-a-\-t mss CXn-t\mSp kl-i-cn- m am{xta Cu {]kn- o-i-c-w-øns {]Jym-]nX e y-߃ t\sm-s\m- p-i-bp- q. temi-sa-ºm-sp-ap Iv\m\mb a ƒ kvt\l -k-tµ-i-sø, ]e `qj-wvu-ß-fn-embn NnX-dn- n-s- p Ahsc CW- p Hcp IÆn-bm-bn- - v, F m-h pw A`n-am-\n- m hi \ Ip Hcp {]kn- o-i-c-w-ambn CXns\ hf Øn-sb-Sp- m {ian- p-sa v {]Xo- n- -s. hmb-\- m-cpss kvt\l kl-i-c-w-øn\v ap Iq-dmbn \µn ]d-bp- p. ]{Xm-[n-]

3 s{]m^. amxyp {]m E-mail : mathewpral@yahoo.com Iqsd h jw apºm-wv. G{]n amk-ønse NqSns ]oum-\p-`-hhm-c-ønse Hcp cm{xn. tbml- m Fgp-Xnb kphn-tijw Rm hmbn- p-i-bm-bn-cp- p. tbip ]oem-tøm-kns apºn \nev p `mkw. ""CXn\pth n-bmwp Rm P\n- n-cn- p- Xv; CXn-\p-th- nbmwp Rm temi-øn-te v h Xpw kxy-øn\p km yw \evip-hm. ]oem-tøm-kv Aht\mSv tnmzn p: kxyw F mwv?'' DØcw In mø tnmzyw Fs a\- ns N{I-hm-f-ß-fn ams mensim p. ]pkvx-i-a-s p Rm IÆ-S- n-cp- p. Hcp I\Ø GIm- X Fs hebw snbvxp. kxyw F mwv? tnmzyw Fs Nn -bn Kt\-k-dØp XSm-Iambn CfIn. simsp- m- n-\p-ti-jap-ff alm-\n-i-_vz-x-t]mse DØc-an- mbva F n \nd p. cm]-i CS-X-S-hn- msx D tlm-jn- p tnmzyhpw In mø DØ-c-hp-ambn Imew Ignbth, Hcp \mƒ Will Durant Fgp- Xnb "Logic and Episte mology' F tej\w hmbn- m-\n-s-h- p. B tej\w Bcw-`n- p- Xp Cu hmn-i-øn-em-wv. In the whole New Testament there appears but a solitary figure worthy of honour Pilate, the Roman viceroy... before whom the word truth was mishandled, enriched the New Testament with the saying what is truth - is the profoundest question ever asked. GXp tnmzyhpw A\- -amb Ime-Øns t\ p-ff a\p-jymflm-hns Akz-ÿ-amb At\z-j- W-Øns thz-hm-iy-amwv. kxyw F mwv F tnmzyhpw A Yh-Ømb a\p-jym-h-ÿ-bpss kmwkv m-cn-i-a-l-ø-am-wv. DØcw Ffp- -a-s - -dn-bm-sa- nepw DØcw txsn-bp-ff Ae- n Pohn-X-sØ al-øz-s - SpØpw. GXp ]cy-th-j-whpw ]cy-h-km-\n- p Xv A]q W-XbpsS AS hmxn-en\p apºn-emsw- nepw ap p-hn Xpd- -s Spw F hn\w B\-µ-Zm-b-I-amWv. B\µw Is -Øm-\p-ff {iaw; kxyw F m-wv, kuµcyw F mwv, sszhw F mwv Fs m-s -bp-ff At\z-jWw Ft mƒ FhnsS \nev p- pthm At mƒ AhnsS snip-øm IS- p-i-b-dp-i-bm-bn. \mw kxyw At\z-jn- p- -hc. kxysø At\z-jn- p p F p `mhn- p- -h-cmwv. As - n CXmWp kxyw F p shdpsx hniz-kn- p- -h-cm-wv. kxy-øns kqcy ap n Pzen p \n p-tºmƒ \mw ]pdwxncn p \n p- p. kqcy\p t\sc \n p-tºmƒ kxy-{]-imiw sszh-øns alm-hn-cp- mbn ap nep v. ]s \ap- m-{]-im-i- Øns hncp- p-th. ImcWw B hncp- n ] p-sim-f-fwsa- n XymK-ß-fpsS \jvs-ß-fpss CSp-ßnb apƒ]m-x-i-fn-eqss IS p t]mi-ww. kxy-ssz-h-øns B alm-{]-im-i- Øns apºn ssiiq n \n m \ap v Xm ]-cy-an-. Aßs\ \n ncp- p-sh- n \ngepiƒ \ΩpsS IÆn s -Sm-Xn-cp-t -s\. ]s, \ap- n v \ng cq]-ß-fpss ap n ap p- Ip-Øm-\mWp hy{k-x. ] nbpw \ng cq]-ßsf {]Xn-jvTn v s]m pw Ip ncn- hpw ImgvN hbv p-hm t{]m mln- n- p- p. ] n-bnepw t {X-Ønep-ap \ng-ep-iƒ sszh-a-, kxya. kxy-temiw ] n p ]pd-øm- Wv. ]pdw temiw Pohn-X-bm-Ym yß-fpss sszh-km- y-am-wv. Rm\nhnsS tsmtkm-dns\ Hm Øp t]mip- p. KoXm- -en-bnse ]Xn-s\m mw Imhy-`mKw "Whom dost thou worship in this lonely dark corner of a temple with doors all shut? Open thine eyes and see thy God is not before thee! He is there where the tiller is tilling the hard ground and where the pathmaker is breaking stones...'' ] nbpw t {Xhpw tamkvipw \ΩpsS `b-øns krjvsn-bm-wv. As - n kxyw Is Øn F p `mhn- p- -h \sω t]sn-s -SpØn \sω-s m v ]Wn-sb-Sp- n- p- - XmWv. Ip p- mƒ apx sszhsø `b-s -Sp-hm Ah \sω ]Tn- n- p- p. \ΩpsS F m ]mt߃ p ap nepw in -bpss Nqc hsn ]nsn p \n p Kpcp mcp v. Cu Kpcp-`q-X-cpsS Np n kvt\l-h-n-\-ß-fn-, ssiøn A[n- Im-c-Øns hsn-i-fm-wp- -Xv. B hsn- Iƒ sim v Ah \sω \bn- p- Xv sszh-tx-p- n-te- -, \ng cq]-ßfpss D±njvS Imcy-km- y-x-ifnte mwv. Cu temiw \Ωp-tS-Xm-Wv. CXmWv sszh-cm-pyw. GtIm-Z-c-k-tlm-Z-c-ß-sft mse Pohn-t - -h-cmwv \Ωƒ. ChnsS PmXn ax h kap-zmb `n - X-Isf k m-xvi-cn- m \ΩpsS kzm -X-Iƒ hnhn-[-ß-fmb tzhm-eb-߃ ]WnXp Iq p- p. kxy-sszhsø txsp- -h ChnsS {]th-in- p- I-bn-. Ch Ifn-aÆpw Icn- pw ac- -jvwhpw AXn-eq-sS-bp GsX- nepw Iem-Im-cs Ic-Iu-i-ehpw Bcm-[n- p- -h-c-. B[p-\nI a\p-jy \m\m k o Æ-X-I-fn s - p-g-ep a\pjy C p IqSp-X `b- m-sn-em-wv. Ah-\n p Bh-iy-ßtfsd-bp v. t\sn-sb-sp-øh \jvs-s -SmsX kwc- n-t - -Xp-ap- v. CXn-s\ mw sszhk-lmbw thww. \mw t\snb `uxni D]-I-c-W-ß-fpsS kq n- p-im-c-\mwv \ap- n p sszhw. Hc -Øn sszh-a-, sszh-øns Bƒcq-]-ßfm-Wv. \ΩpsS Imcy-ß-sf mw km[n p Xcm-sa v hmkvzm\w snbvxp \sω {]tem-`n- n- p- -Xv. Zp _-ecpw \n -lm-b-cp-amb a\p-jy {]tem-`-\-ß-fn Dƒs -Sm Ft Xøm-dm-Wv. Cu BƒssZ-h-ß-fn \n p Cu \ng cq]-ß-fn \n p Imcyw km[n-s -Sp- m s]m pw ]Whpw FÆbpw sagp-ip-xn-cn-ifpw ka n-t - -Xp- v. ]Icw Ah IqZm-i-Ifpw ]qp-ifpw {]m -\-Ifpw \ap- mbn \ Ipw. CXn-s\ mw CSbn s p sszhhpw sszh-øns ss nfpw Jpdm\pw KoXbpw... sszh-øns Bfp-Iƒ Cu \ng cq]-߃, ""` n-bpss _mly-cq]w \ne-\n Øn-s m v AXns ssnx- \ysø \ntj-[n- p- -h-cm-wv. Ahcn Nne, Zp _-e-ifpw ]m]n-ifpw hnj-bm-k- n-bm \bn- -s -Sp- -hcp-amb kv{xoisf his SpØp- p. Cu kv{xoiƒ Bcp ]Tn- n- p- Xpw tiƒ m Xøm-dm-Wv. F m kxysø- - n-bp ]q Æ m\-øn FØn-t -cp-hm Ah v Ign-hn-.''*(a). ""P\-߃ DØ-a-amb {]t_m- [-\-Øn klnjvwpx ImWn- mø Ime-am-Wn-Xv. tiƒhn v Cºap- -h-bn Bthiw sim p-i-bm Ah Xß-fpsS A`n-cp-Nn v tn {]t_m-z-isc hnfn p Iq pw. Ah kxy-øn\p t\sc snhn-b-s v si p- I-Y-I-fn-te v {i Xncn- pw.'' * (b). ""Cu {]t_m-[-i sszh-h-n-\-øn ambw tn Øv I -hsw snøp- -hcmwv.'' * (c). C v temiw I -h-s- m-cpss kzm -em-`-tam-l-ß-fpss ssi n-snbn-em-wv. kxyhpw kuµ-cyhpw sszhhpw axhpw hn-\hpw F mw am - nse hn \ hkvxp- -fm-wv. Gsd t]sc BI jn- m\pw Gsd t]sc hi-s -Sp-Øm\pw Ffp w Ignbp G hpw henb I -hs taj-ebmwv ` n-bp-ts-xv. henb apx aps- n- msx em`w am{xw simbvsx-sp- m ] p {Ib-hn-{I-b-am -߃ ` n {]ÿm-\sø I -h-s-øns H mw ÿm\øv {]Xn-jvTn- p- p. Xo\m-f-Øn-\-Sp-tØ v Cubmw- ]m Iƒ t]mse Hcp alm Bƒ q w Cu ` n-bn-te v Ae p hogp- p. CubSp-Ø-\m-fn Hcp Rmb-dmgvN at\m-c-a-]-{x-øns c mw t]pn tim -bøpw Np p-h- -Ønepw am{xw \S- p {InkvXo-b-Iq- m-bva-bpss Adnbn p ImWm CS-bm-bn. (1). slh en ^oãv t m_ h jn- v. kmº-øn-iambpw imco-cn-i-ambpw hnsp- X e`n km y-ß-fpss kz o-bhn-cp- ns Bcm-[-\bpw hn\ {]tlm-j-w-hpw. (2). F_- v sse^v s^tem-jn- ns Bcm-[-\bpw hn\ {]tlm-j-whpw (3). \yqsse^v {IkvXy s^tem-jn- ns Bcm-[- \bpw hnsp-x-en- ip{iq-jbpw (4). Xmt_m h jn v sk -dn hnip Bcm-[\ (5). Imcokv`h I h j B -co-i-ku-jy-[ym\w (6) ]cn-{xm-wmb I h j (7). sk v tpm kv Hm Ø-tUmIvkv {]m \m kwkaw (8). Ir]m Hm ØtUmIvkv {]b s^tem-jn- ns Bflo-b-kw-Kaw (9). sfiy-{in-kvxob Iq m-bvabpw {]m -\bpw (10). acn-b Znhy-Im-cp-Wym-cm-[\ (11) Hm ØtUmIvkv ss{i-kvxh {]m \m XW (12). s] -t mkvxp k`-ifpss Iq mbva tbmkw... CXn-s\ mw ]pdsa tim -bøpw Np p-]m-sp-i-fnepw hnhn-[-ß-fmb tzhm-e-b-ß-fnse ]qp- Ifpw {]m -\-I-fpw. CXp {InkvXym- \n-i-fpss am{xw ` n-bpss Imcy-am-Wv. sszhta R߃ {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ F{X `mky-hm- m. Rß-fpsS imcocn-ihpw B -cn-i-hp-amb kujy- Øn\p kmº-øni D -a-\-øn\pw kz -{]m-]vxn pw th n F{X-sb{X \nkzm tkh\ ` n-{]-ÿm-\-ßfmwv A oww {]b-xv\n p sim ncn- p- Xv. C q- -cn Rß-fßp NpΩm hniz-kn p ico-chpw a\ pw Nn bpw hnth-ihpw Imipw NpΩm- Xßp hn p simspøp ssisim n Xebm n AXn-`m-j-W- m-cmbn hnim-c-`-cn- X-cmbn Cf-In-Øp n \n m t]mtc. ""ktlm-z-c-tc, Fs lrz-b-]q - I-amb B{Klhpw sszh-tøm-sp Fs {]m -\bpw Cu P\w c n- -s -SWw F -Xm-Ip- p. Ah v sszh-tø- p-dn v Xo vw-x-bps p Rm km y-s -Sp-Øp- p. B Xo vwx icn-bmb Adn-hns ASn-ÿm-\-Øn As -t -bp- q. sszh-øns \oxn-sb- p-dn v Ah A -cm-i-sim pw Xß-fpsS Xs \oxn ÿm]n phm hy{kx ImWn- p- Xp sim pw sszh-\o-xn v Ch Iogvs -Sp- n-.'' * (d) \Ω-sfms C p \qdp \qdp Imc- W-ß-fm \qdp \qdp kml-n-cy-ßfm ASn-a-Iƒ Xs -bm-wv. Cu ASna-Xz-Øns G hpw henb {]I-S\ thzn axhpw Bflo-b-c- -bpss t]cnep ` n-bp-am-wv. "What we need is not the will to believe, but the wish to find out what is truth, which is the exact opposite. A life without reasoning is unworthy of man- * (e) '' * (a) Xntam-tØm-tbm-ko\p FgpXnb c mw tej\w A ymbw 3. * (b) Xntam-tØm-tbm-ko\p Fgp Xnb c mw tej\w A ymbw 4. * (c) timdnt mkp-im p Fgp-Xnb c mw tej\w A ymbw 2 * (d) tdmam- m p Fgp-Xnb tej\w 10 * (e) Bertrand Russell-Sceptical Essays, page 157.

4 lqã ]niv\n- ns Zriy-߃ kzn v e nse Hcp ]niv\n v

5 BZ-c-Wo-b-cmb Iv\m\m-b- m hy n-ssh-injvsyw sim v {it -b-cmb Iv\m\mb kap-zm-bmw-k-ßsf ]cn-n-b-s -Sp-Øp ]w n. Xbm-dm- p- Xv sp. t]mf-bv. 1933 P\p-hcn 27 \p P\n- p. cmpÿm-\nse ]nem\n F n-\o-bdnwkv timf-pn \n pw F n-\ob-dnwkv ]q Øn-bm- n. XpS v C y thyma-tk-\-bn, ss]e v Hm^o-k. 1988 Fb am j. kl-[ ΩnWn efnx ] n- c IpSpw-_mw-Kw. \mev s] a- ƒ. k_o\, Inc, Zo], koa. _n.- kn.-fw.-tim-tf-pn s{]m^-kdmwv k_o-\. Un m vsa v Hm^v kb kv B Uv ssivt\m-f-pnbn ko\o-b kb n-ãmwv Inc. Zo] lnµp-ÿm enh-dn ko\n-b amt\-p. koa, sf.-sf.- Fw.-F-^v. tpmen snøp- p. "snω-e- p-gn-bnse ] ' \ΩpsS Fb am j H n-s\bpw Ah-K-Wn- m-sx, H n-s\bpw \n m-c-ambn ImWmsX F m H n-t\mspw Bk- n-bn- m-sxbpw hnc- -amb Hcp hn{i-a-po-hnxw Bkz-Zn- pibmwv \ΩpsS Fb am j. AXn AXyp-Zm-c-amb Hcp a[yam -ap- v. Hcp euin-is D mk-bm-{x-bpw. C y Fb t^m-gvkn A{_lmw snω-e- p-gn p apºn Hcp dm v am{xsa _m n-bp- q. "Fb No^v am j ' Fb t^mgvknse ]c-tam- X ÿm\w. AXdn-bp-tºmtg "Fb am j ' F dm ns Xnf w \ap p hy - amiq. 1987 e`n AXn-hn-in-jvStkhm sauepw 1992 e`n ]c-ahn-in-jvs-tkhm sauepw B HutZym-KnI Pohn-X-Ønse Ncn{X kvamc-i-ß-fm-wv. Hmtcm Iv\m\m-b- m-cs\ kw_- n pw Hcp ssphm- \p-`-h-hpw. \ap- -t±lw Hcp km[m-cw hy n-sbt txm q. ]s Akm-[m-c-W-amWv B hy n-xzw. hnth-i-]q w Nn n v Pohn-X- Øns A hpw Bghpw Adnbm-\p hy{k-x, kvt\lw simsp m\p kn n, kzbw B\- µn- m\pw a p- -hsc B\-µn- n- phm-\p-ap i n F n-ßs\ aq p khn-tij LS-I-߃ hnfßp- p m hy n-xz-øn. At±-l-Øns PohnX Z i- \hpw {]Xn-hn-I-k\ k -ev]- ßfpw ] -Xn-Ifpw Db Øp Nne ss\xni tnmzy-ßfpw A`n- {]m-b-ßfpw \sω Akz-ÿcpw Nn m-[o-\-cp-am- p- p. DØcw ]dtb- Xv \Ω-tfm-cp-Ø-cpamsW Xn-\m \sω AXv kzbw \ho-i-c-w-øn\p t{]cn- n- pw. AØ-c-Øn Nne Nn -Iƒ ] n-sp-i-bmwv Fb am j. kmaq-ln-ix hyxn-cn- -amb (distinct) Hcp kmaq-ln-i-x-bp kap-zm-b-amwv \Ωp-tS-sX v \Ωƒ hniz-kn- p p. F m-w-xv? Fhn-sS-bm- dn. Fb am j F{_lmw snω-e- pgn dn. Fb am j F{_lmhpw `mcy efn-xbpw WXv? CXmWv {][m-\w. \ΩpsS IpSpw_ Pohn-X-Øn, HutZym-KnI Xe-ß-fn Cu sfu n n \mw {]I- Sn- n- m-dpt m? C. \ΩpsS sfu n n Nne BNm-c-ß-fn am{xw HXp-ßp- p. AXn t mepw Htc-Im-fl-I-X-bn F -XmWv G hpw henb sshnn-{xw. \ΩpsS kwkvim-c-øns AXpeyX (uniqueness) \Ωƒ Is - ØWw. Is Øn Xncp-Ø-Ww. XncpØn ]Zhn Db Ø-Ww (promote), F n- Xv {]N-cn- n- Ww (propagate). CsXmcp ]nxr-zu-xy-am-wv. k m-c-{]n-bcpw D m-k-{]n-b-cpamwv Iv\m\m-b- m. BZyw apx t \Ωƒ Aß-s\-bm-bncp p. BtLm-jn- m-\mbn \nc-h[n Ah-k-c-߃ \ΩpsS ]q -]n-xm- ƒ \ap- mbn Hcp n X n- p- v. AXmWv \ap- n-{xbpw BNm-c-ßfpw A\p-jvTm-\-ß-fpw. "k m-chpw D m-khpw' \ΩpsS Iq m-bva-isf BtLm-j-am- p- p. A\p-jvTm-\- ßfpw BNm-c-ßfpw bm{ n-i-am-bm F{X Atcm-N-I-am-bn-cn pw F v \ap- q-ln- m-hp- -tx-bp- q. \n `m-ky-h-im Nne-sc mw tn v \ΩpsS D m-ksø sim p-i-bm-wnt mƒ. Nne hncp {]ÿm-\- m! ho v Ign- p kz`mhw \Ωƒ C sl-dn v snbvx-xm-wv. ]pxn-b-xmbn Bcw-`n- -X-. correct and promote AXmWv Ic-Wobw F v Rm hnizkn- p- p. Let us rejoice Ata-cn- - msc-t mse in persuit of joy. ]mh-߃ kap-zm-b-øn Xosc ]mh-s - -h Ipd-hmWv F p txm p- p. ]s NnIn- pw hnzym-`ym-k-øn\pw th p `mcn sne-hp-iƒ Xmßm- \m-hmø ]mh-ß-fp v \nc-h-[n-t]. ]s Ch-cp-sS-sbms CØcw Bh-iy-߃ \S p t]mip- p- v. ]Wbw h pw tem FSp-Øpsams Imcy-߃ \S- p- p. kztzin-ifpw hntz-in-i-fp-amb Iv\m\m-b- m-cpss klm-b-ßfpw Ch p e`n- p- p- v. Ata-cn- Iv\m\m-b- m Ata-cn- Iv\m\m-b- m v CXc {]hm-kn-isf At]- n v kap- Zm-b-Øn Hcp A[o-iXz at\m-`mhw D v. Hcp kp o-cn-tb-cn- n. cq]-x-bpss AXncp IS B{i-b-Xz-amWv Hcp ]cn[n hsc CXn\p Imc-Ww. F v Bh-iy-Øn\pw AXn-cq-]X Ata-cn- bn-te p t\m p- p. Hcp ImeØv CXv Bh-iy-am-bn-cp- p. Aßs\ ioen v C n-t mƒ AXv "AUn- - \m-bn.' CXn\p as mcp ImcWw IqSnbp- v. e`y-amb G hpw Ffp- -ap hgn-bm-wn-xv. C n-t mƒ ÿnxn-bmsi amdn-bncn- p- p. \Ωƒ kzbw ]cym-]vxx t\sn-bn-cn- p- p. Big money is no more a necessity. We have it. F n pw Ata-cn- tumf-dns\ AanX-ambn B{i-bn- p-tºmƒ kω ±-Øn-em-Ip- Xv ]mh-s a v F.-B.sF.I-fm-Wv. am{x-a hn[- h-bpss sim p-im-in\v hne-bn- m-xm- Ip-Ibpw snøp- p- v. hnhmlw hnhmlw Hcp IqZm-i-bm-Wv. AtX kabw AXv Hcp tim {SmIv v IqSnbm-Wv. AhnsS tamiw `mcy-bp-ap v ` Øm-hp-ap- v. a\p-jy-cm-wt m hnhmlw Ign- p- -Xv. kz`m-h-kp-wap (character) h t AXv hnpbn- n- m km[n- q. \ap- n-wßp ssk n Hcp sdun-sabvuv j p In pw. Npcn-Zmdpw Po kpw e`n- pw. ]s AØ-c-Øn Hcp `mcytbm ` Ømthm temi-søm-cn- SØpw e`y-a-. In p- -bmsf ]miam nsbsp- p-i-bmwv th Xv. ]ckv]cw Cgp-In-t -cp- -Xn-eqsS AXn\p km[n- msx hcp-tºmƒ hnhmlw ]cm-p-b-s -Spw. Iu kn-enwkv hgn GsX- nepw hnhm-l-_ w ]p\: ÿm]n mw F v F\n p hnizmk-an-. AXn-\-IØv Hcp potential danger D v F v Rm hniz-kn- p- p. sskt m-f-pn-ãns\ ImWp- Xv \ Imcy-ambn \ΩpsS kaq-lhpw hy n-ifpw CXp-hsc AwKo-I-cn- n- n- mø kml-n-cy- Øn CXn\v F p {]k- n? Hcp Iu kn-e F mwv snøp- Xv? A\p-c- -\w. F{XtØmfw A\p-c- -\-s Spw? Bcv A\p-c- -\-s Spw? AXm-bncn pw ]pxnb {]iv\-߃. CsXm pw snøm kzbw D`-b- I- n-iƒ p km[n- msx h t m-gm-wt m hnhmlw ]cm-p-bs - Xv At mƒ AsXmcp ]cn-lmc-a-. Hcp-hs Ign-hn-\- pdw snøm B mwv km[n- pi? AXp-sIm v Ah H bv v Pohn- -s. Ah-cpsS hy n- XzsØ _lp-am-\n v Ah ssuthmgvkv t\s-s. knhn-embpw k`m-]-c-ambpw. C m-cy-øn k` Ipd p IqSn en_-d-em-bn-cn- Ww F mwv Fs A`n-{]m-bw. ]s Hcp Imcyw hfsc {i n- Ww. Privilege should be to all and there should be uniformity in application. ]p\ hn-hmlw Hcn- ssuthgvkv t\sn-bh ]p\ hnhmlw Ign- m-xn-cn- p- -XmWv \ -Xv. hnhml PohnXw \bn- m Ign-hn- ; {]m]vxn-bn F v Hcn- sxfnbn- -h-cmwv C q-. hnhml PohnXw Ah p ]d- n- p- - X. am{x-hpa BZy-tØ-Xn-t\- mƒ tami-amipw Ah-cpsS ÿnxn ]n o-sv. shdpsx F n- \mwv Hcp second gamble. ] mfn acn- -hcpw ho pw hnhmlw snøp- -Xn-t\mSv F\n v tbmpn- n-. {]txy-in v Ip n-i-fp- -h. \nß-fpss Ip n-isf {]Xn \n߃ Nne XymK-߃ snøm Xøm-dm-I-Ww. Ip n-iƒ hnhm-l-øns {]m[m\ Dt±iyw Ip n-i-fm-wv. Ip p-ßsf P\n- n v hf Øn Xe-apd \ne- \n ØpI F Xv \nb-a-]-c-ambpw kmaq-ln-i-]-c-am-bp-ap Hcp hy nbpss DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-am-Wv. AXp-sIm p Xs Ip n-isf amxm-]n-xm- ƒ D]-tZ-in- -Ww. AXv Ah-cpsS IS-a-bm-Wv. D]- tziw a ƒ tiƒ -Ww. Xs D]-tZiw a ƒ tiƒ p p F v amxm-]n-xm- ƒ kz w {]hr-ønbn-eqss Dd- m- -Ww. {]hm-kn-iƒ Hcp Imcyw Hm Ww. 30 As - n 36

6 sim w sim v \n߃ v tamtu-wm-im-\m-hn-. \n߃ hntz-iøv FØn-bXv tic-f- Ønse Hcp {Kma-Øn \n m-wv. Hcp aq p \mep Xe-apd Ign- mte \n߃ p hntz-in-bm- Im Ignbq. AXn\p apºv \n߃ Ahn-sS-bp-a ; Chn-sS-bpa F Ah-ÿ-bn-em-Wv. Ip n-iƒ v \ Xpw NoØbpw ]d p simsp- p-i. Ip n-isf \ mbn kz w \msns kwkvimcw ]cn-io-en- n- p-i. kz w {]h Øn-IfpsS A\- -c- ^-e-߃ Gs -Sp- m k - -cmbn-cn- p-i. AX-s - n Ip n-iƒ \n߃s -Xn-cmbn kacw snøpw. amxm-]n-xm- ƒ ""Fs {]hmko kvt\ln-xsc \n߃ Rßsf shdpsx hnspi! \m n kkpjw hn{i-an- p Rßsf Rß-fpsS ]m n\p hnspi. R߃ ChnsS k p-jvs-cm-wv.'' ]mh-߃! `mj-b-dn-bm-sx, kwkvim-c-a-dn-bmsx an m\pw ]d-bm\pw Bfn- m-sx, _ p-c- Im- \ Iq n-e-i-s Infn-Iƒ. F{X IjvS-s - mwv R߃ \nßsf hf Øn-b-Xv. \n߃ p thw-sa- n \nß-fpss a sf \n߃ Xs hf Øv. Rß-fn- \n-sb- n-ep-sam p hn{i-an p sim -s. Zb-hp-sNbvXv \nßfpss a sf t\m m-\mbn Rßsf iey-s -Sp-Ø-cp-Xv. Iv\m\mb kaqlw hntz-i-ß-fn-sems t]mb- Xns shfn- -Øn kap-zmbw sshhn- y-h-xvi-cn- -s p t]mbn F mwv Fs hne-bn-cp-ø. \ap nsbnse sshim-cn-i-amb Cg-b-Sp w C n-. kap-zmbw hf p. kmº-øn-i-ambn. Pohn-X-ssi-en-bnepw hf-sc-b-[niw am ap- m-bn. A]-I-S-I-c-amb am w F p Rm \nco- n- p- n-. ]s C sø \ΩpsS ASp w "Iv\m\mb' F Hcp LS-I-Øn am{xw HXpßp p. ImcWw ]s ms Hcp Iv\m\m-b- m-c a p- -hs\ klm-bn- ncp- Xv, Aßs\ sntø- Xv Xs DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-amWv F t_m[y-ønem-bn-cp- p. C p ]s IY amdn. kap-zm-b-øn\p _u n-i-amb hf D m-ip- n F A`n-{]m-bsa-\n- n-. AXv A pw C pw D v. ]s icm-i-cn-bn \n pw Ipd v ix-am\w tsm v seh-en FØn-bncp p. Cu hf Ipd n p v. kap-zm-b-ønse A am-b-cpss hf C n-t mƒ ]utcm-ln-xysø B{i-bn- mwv \ne-\n p- Xv. C sø A am-b AXn kwxr- ]vx-cp-am-wv. BZy-Im-eØv A am-b v IqSp- X AwKo-Imcw e`n- n-cp- p. \ΩpsS ]nxm- - m A am-b-cpss A`n-{]m-b߃ v C -tø- mƒ hne \ In-bncp- p. CXn ^e-amwv ae-_m IpSntb- w, _n.kn.fw.-tim-fpv apxemb-h. C p ]s Aß-s\-sbmcp kao-]\w Rm ImWp- n-. Ccp-hn-`m-K-߃ XΩnepw Hcp ]c-kv]c hnizm-k- p-dhp- v. kao-]-`m-hn-bn CXn Hcp am - ap- mipw F p Rm {]Xo- n- p- n-. CXv a\:]q amb Hcp i{xp-xbmwv F p Icp-X-cp-Xv. AX-ßs\ kw`-hn p t]mbn Ft AtX- p-dn v ]d-bm-\m-iq. kap-zmbw Fs AwKo-I-cn- Xpw BZ-cn- Xpw Ipd p t]mbn F ]cm- Xn-bmbn CXns\ ImW-cp-Xv. F\n- l- X-s - -sx mw kap-zmbw F\n p \ In. Ct mgpw \ In hcp- p. AXn Rm ]q Æ Xr]vX-\p-am-Wv. F\n-s pw kt mjw am{x-ta-bp- q. kwl-s\m {]h Ø\w hnhn[ \ne-i-fn Rm kap-zmbsø tkhn- n- p- v. ]mã-d Iu kn AwKw. ItØm-en m tim {K- ns ISp-Øp-cpØn s^mtdm\m {]kn-u v U ln Iv\m\mb skmssk n {]kn-u v F n-ßs\ hnhn[ ÿm\-߃ Rm kk-t mjw hln- n p v. ItØm-en m tim {K- ns Npa-X-e-bn-en-cp- -t mƒ hnπ-h-i-c-amb {]h Ø-\-߃ H pw \S- n-em- m F\n p km[n- n-cp- n-. Rm A mcyw F pw Xpd p kω-xn- pw. ]s H p Rm snbvxp. Hcp "h v Iƒ ' Rm kwl-s-\ v ]cn-n-b-s -Sp-Øn. H n p \n p {]h Øn- m Hcp cq]-tc-j. kmº- ØnI kpÿn-c-x-bv p Bi-b߃ Rm Ah-X-cn- n- n-cp- p. ]s H pw th coxn-bn apt m p sim p t]mim F\n- mbn-. AXv Fs am{xw Ipg- -am-wv. Ime-L- -Øns Bhiyw B[p-\nI Ime-Øns G hpw henb Bh-iy-ambn kap-zmbw Gs - Sp-t Nne Imcy-ß-sf- pdn p ]d-bmw. H m-a-xm-bn, Hcp saun- timtf-pv. Im k sk -dn\p ]Icw Ip -t»cn ]nxmhv saun- timtf-pn\p th n-bm-bn-cp p {ian-t - n-bncp- -Xv. ImcWw a p- -h v snøm km[n- p- -Xn-\mbn \Ωƒ ]Ww aps- n-bn p Imcyan-. c m-a-xmbn th Xv F n- \o-b-dnwkv timtf-pp-i-fm-wv. ]ns Ip n-i-fp-ssbpw ko\n-b kn n-k kn-s bpw t a-øn- \m-bp ] -Xn-Iƒ. bph-p-\-߃ m-bp ktµiw 1. GXp taj-e-bn-emtwm AhnsS G hpw ap n-ep ]Øp ix-am-\-øn Hcm-fm-IpI 2. Pbhpw txm hnbpw Hcp t]mse AwKo-I-cn- p-i. kzbw hni-i-e-\hpw kzbw hna i-\hpw ]cn-io-en- p-i. 3. Bfl-hn-izm-k-ap- -h-cm-bncn- p-i. kzbw hne-a-xn- p- -h-cm- Ip-I. kxy-k- -X-bp- -h-cm-bn-cn- pi 4. ]Tn- m\pw kºm-zn- m\pw Db-c-߃ Iog-S- m\pw \n߃ FhnsS thw-sa- nepw s]mbvs m- p-i. ]s F mw Ign v hn{i-an- m-\mbn kz w cmpyøv Xncn-s -Øp-I. A msx F p cmpy-kvt\-lw.

7 Iv\m\mb (I-tØm-en- m) s^mtdm-\-i-sf- p-dn-s mcp ]w n Ime tz-i-t`-z-ß-f-\p-k-cn v ]e t]cp-i-fn-e-dn-b-s - n-cp (D-Zm-l-c-W-Øn\v, sx pw-`m-k- m, Iv\m\m-b- m, XpS-ßn-b-h) Iv\m\mb a ƒ ""A -c- - n- m F t]cnepw Hcn- -e-dn-b-s - n-cp- p. 1599 \S DZ-bw- t]- cq kq\-l-tzm-kn\p ap ]v Iv\m\mb hnizm-kniƒ v kz -ambn A p ] n-ifpw (D-Zbwt]cq, ISpØp-cp-Øn, tim -bw, Np w, I n-t»cn F nh) as mcp ] n-bpss ]IpXn Ah-Im-ihpw D m-bn-cp- -Xn-\m-emWv A -c- - n- m F t]cp e`n- -sx v ]d-b-s -Sp- p. Ac F hm n\v hnip- -amb (holy) F -ap-s pw Five Holy Churches s DS-a-Iƒ F \ne-bn-emwv A -c- - n- m F p hnfn- n-cp- -sx v as mcp hmzhpw D v. ]cn-ip knwlm-k\w kpdn-bm\n doøn s -h-scbpw, eøo doøn s - -h-scbpw c p hn`m-k-ß-fmbn AwKo-I-cn- -Xns\ XpS v 1887 tim bw hnim-cn-bm-øns Npa-X-e-bp- m-bn-cp-, kotdm ae-_m k`bpss A sø A[n-]-\m-bn-cp p tam kn-t m Nmƒkv eho- v, At±-l-Øns Iogn-ep hnimcn P\-dmƒam-cmbn tam. amxyp am o, tam.-f-ωm-\p-th \n[ocn F n-hsc \nb-an- p. ]n osv ]cn-ip- -]n-xmhns Iev]-\-{]-Imcw kpdn-bm\n ItØm-en- mbn Xriq, Fd-Wm- Ipfw, Nß\mticn F o-bn-s-ß-ƒ Bÿm-\-am n aq p hnim-cn-bm-øp- Iƒ 1896 ÿm]n- p-ibpw Nß-\m-ticn hnim-cn-b-møns Npa-X-e-bp sa{xm-\m-bn, Iv\m\m-b- m-c-\mb am amxyp am o-ens\ hmgn- p-ibpw snbvxp. tim bw Bÿm-\-am n sx pw `mk p am{x-ambn Hcp hnimcn-bmøv A\p-h-Zn- -t mƒ (1911 HmKÃv 29 mw Xob-Xn) am o ]nxm-hns\, Nß-\m-ticn hnim-cn-b-møns Npa-X-e-bn \n v hnsp-x \ In, tim bw hnim-cn-b-øns sa{xm-\m- n. 1923 (Unkw_ 21 mw Xob-Xn) BWv høn- m kotdm ae-_m ItØm-en- p th n-bp hnim-cn-b-møp-isf cq]-x-i-fm n {]Jym- ]n- p- -Xv. Aß-s\, B h jw Xriq, Nß-\m-ticn, tim bw F o cq]-x-ifpw Fd-Wm-Ipfw AXn-cq-]-Xbpw ÿm]n-x-am-bn. 1955 (G-{]n 29) ]{ mw ]obqkv am ]m-, kotdm ae-_m cq]x/axn-cq-]-x-i-fpss A[n-Im-c-]-cn[n `qan-im-kv{x-]-c-ambn AXn Øn- Iƒ -Xo-X-am-bn-cn- p-sa v AwKo-I-cn- p. CXns ^e-am-bn- mwv Ct mƒ Xncp-h-\- -]p-csø eq Zvs^m-tdm-\- n Nß-\m-ticn AXn-cq-]-X-bpsS Iogn-em-Ip- -Xv. CtXm-sSm w tim bw cq]-x-bpss (C-t mƒ AXn-cq-]-X) A[n-Im-c-]-cn-[nbpw `qan-im-kv{x-]-c-amb AXn Øn-Iƒ ewln p sim p Xs AwKo-I-cn p In n. CXns ]cn-wn-x-^-e-am-bmwv 1940-Iƒ apx, Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn \n v ae-_m-dn-te v IpSn-tb-dnb Iv\m\mb a ƒ tim b-øns Iogn Xs XpS-cp- -Xv. BtKmf ItØm-en m k` hf-cp-i-bpw, tzhm-e-b-ßfpw A\p-_ ÿm]-\-ßfpw s]cp-ip-ibpw snbvxp. AP-]m-e-\-ku-I-cy-Øn-\mbn (AXn) cq]-xm-sn-ÿm-\-øn Nne tzhm-e-b-ßsf s^mtdm-\-]- n-i-fmbn (C-hsb ae-bm-f-øn ""Xe- - n-iƒ"" F pw ]d-bm-dp- v) Db Øp-I-bp- m-bn. Hcp {]tz-isø apjy-tz-hm-e-bsø s^mtdm\ Xe-Øn-te v ÿm\w \ In, kao-]ÿ CS-hI ] n-isf {]kvxpx s^mtdm-\-bpss A[n-Imc-]-cn-[n-bn-epƒs -Sp-Øn. s^mtdm\ hnim-cn v (an- -t mgpw ko\n-b-dmb sshzn-i-sc-bmwv s^mtdm\ hnim-cn-bmbn \nb-an- p- -Xv) Xs Iogn-ep CS-h-I-hn-Im-cn-am-cpsS ta Nne \nb-{ nx A[n-Im-c-ß-fp- v. hnhm-lsa IqZmi ] n-i-fn h v \S-Øp- -Xn\p ap ]v aq p Rmb-dm-gvN-Ifn hnfn p snmt - -Xp- v. Nne {]txyi kml-n-cy-߃ \ne-hn-ep-s - n aq n\p ]Icw Hcp Rmb-dmgvN am{xw hnfn p snm n-b-xn\p tijw hnhmlw \S-Øm km[n- pw. Cu Cfhv snbvxp simsp- m CShI hnim-cn v A[n-Im-c-an-. s^mtdm-\- - n-bnse hnim-cn-bmwv Cu A\phmZw simsp-t - -Xv. CS-h-I- - n-i-fpss ta s^mtdm\m hnim-cn- p A[n-Im-c-Øns Hcp-Zm-l-cWw am{x-am-wn-xv. tim bw AXn-cq-]-X-bn Ct mƒ (A-Sp-Ø-Im-eØv cq]o-i-cn ]me- m v taje Dƒs -ss) ]{ v s^mtdm-\- - n-i-fp- v. Cw ojv A -camem {Ia-Øn Ah-bpsS t]cv NphsS simsp- p- p. Np w, FS-bv m-sv, ISp-Øp-cp-Øn, ssi p-g, InS-ßq, as-ºw, ae- -c, ]S-ap-Jw, ]me- msv taje, s]cn- - q, cmp-]p-cw, Dg-hq kvt\l-k-tµ-i-øns ASpØ e w apx ta ]d s^mtdm-\- - n-i-sf- p-dn- p Hcp ]w n Bcw-`n- p-ibmwv. s^mtdm-\-bp-ambn _ -s Ign-bp- {X hnh-c-ß Cu ^o -dp- I-fn-eqsS \n߃ v hmbn- mw. Hmtcm ^o -dn-s bpw D -S w GXm v C{]-Im-c-am-bn-cn- pw. (1). s^mtdm-\-bpss ÿe-h Æ-\, `qan-im-kv{x-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-x-iƒ. (2). s^mtdm-\- - n-bp-ss-bpw, AXns Iogn hcp CS-h-I- - n- I-fp-sSbpw Hcp lrkz-n-cn{xw (3). Hmtcm s^mtdm-\-bnepw P -sa-sp-ø, a a-d- Xpw Pohn- n-cn- p- -Xp-amb {]K- -sc- p-dn- p elp hnh-c-ww. (4). a p s^mtdm-\-iƒ n- mø Fs - nepw khn-ti-j-x-iƒ. tic-f-øns hn`n `mk-ß-fn-embn hym]n p InS- p ta ]d ]{ v s^mtdm-\- - n-i-sf- p-dn- p hnh-c-߃ tij-cn- p- Xv ZpjvIc-am-Wv. Cu ]w n Xøm-dm- p `mcn Npa-Xe kk-t mjw Gs -Sp-Øncn- p- Xv "sshzy ssi pg' F Xqen-Im-\m-a-Øn ]cs Adn-b-s - Sp, ssi pg CS-h-Imw-Kw, Nma- m-e-x-s-øn kn.-f. eqt mkv BWv. Gsd ]cn-an-xn-iƒ p- n \n p sim mwv Cu ZuXyw \n h-ln- m-sa v At±lw G n-cn- p- -Xv. F m hmb-\- m-tcm-spw, Iv\m\mb AXn-cq-]-X-bnse _lp. sshzn-i-tcmspw I\ym-kv{Xo-I-tfmSpw Cu ]w n- Xøm-dm- m klmb-i-c-amb hnh-c-߃, tcj-iƒ, Ub-d-IvS-dn-Iƒ,- tkm-h\odpiƒ, kvac-wn- I-Iƒ, ]pkvx-i-߃, t^mt m XpS-ßn-bh tej-i\v (ssen : 0481 271 1235, samss_ : 944 611 9954, Csa-bn : snehasandesham@gmail.com) simspøv klm-bn- -W-sa v A`y n- p- p. AXp-t]m-se, CXn IS p ht - m-hp sx p-iƒ kzbw Nq n- m- n, Ncn-{X-tØm-Spw, hkvxp-x-itfmspw \oxn ]pe Øm F m am\y hmb-\- mcpw klm-bn- -Ww. CØ-c-Øn-semcp ]w n Xøm-dm- p-hm, A -Whpw A{im- -]-cn- {i-a-øn-\p-ap]cn, \ kmº-øni snehpw D v. C mcyøn R߃ v XpW-bm-bn, klm-b-lkvxw \o n-ø-cp- Xv Np w s^mtdm-\-bpss Iognse Icn- p w CS-h-I-bnse Ce-hp- (h-s-t - -c) IpSpw-_-Ønse sndnbm adn-bmω ai tjmbn sndn-bm-\m-wv. tic-f-øn \n v tlm amt\-pvsa v ]T\w ]q Øn-bm- nb tjmbn apwss_, kuzn Atd-_y, akv - v, Zp_mbv F n-hn-s-ß-fn tpmen snbvx- Xn-\p-tijw 2002- bp.-si.-bn FØn. 2005 sabv amkw D m-sbmcp hml-\m-]-i-ssø XpS v kl-i-cn- phm hnk-ω-xn C jp-d kv Iº-\n-s -Xnsc \nb-a-bp w \S-Øn. Hmw_p- Uvkvams klm-btømss C jp-d kv Iº-\n-sb-s m v sx v kω-xn- n- p-hm\pw A l-x-s \jvs-]-cn-lmcw t\sn-sb-sp- m\pw Ign- p. Cu A\p-`hw tjmbnsb Nn n- p-hm t{]cn- n- p. C m- nse Iº-\n-Iƒ \nba-øns \qem-am-e-i-f-dn-bm-ø, C m- n ]pxp-xm-sb-øp-, F{Xtbm t]sc I_-fn- n- p- p- m-bn-cn- pw! Aß-s\-bmWv Hcp Gjy I-º\nbpsS XWen \n pw "BIvkn-U v s bnw' tkh-\-cw-k-sø-øp- -Xv. Bbn-c-tØmfw ae-bm-fn-isf \jvs-]-cn-lmcw t\sm klm-bn tjmbn Cu h jw P\phcn apx bp.-si. an\nkv{sn Hm^v PÃo-kns AwKo-Im-c-ap Ub-dIvSv BIvkn-U v s bnw Akn-à kv enan Uv F t]cn Cw ojv tkmfnkn- am-cpss kl-i-c-w-tømss kz -amb _nkn-\ v \SØn hcp- p. `mcy Ipdp-ap- q (ssi pg s^mtdm-\) CS-h-I-bnse timf-th-en- -d- ºn eqkn. a ƒ : acn-b, am n, Genb Cu ]w n kvt]m k snøm k -\kp Im n, CXp {]kn- o-i-cn- m Rßsf klm-bn- p tjmbn sndn-bm-t\mspw At±-l-Øns IpSpw_mwKß-tfm-Sp-ap IS- msv kvt\lktµiøns hmb-\- m-cpss t]cnepw ]n Wn {]h Ø-I-cpsS t]cnepw ChnsS tcj-s -Sp-Ø-s. hmb-\- m v ck-i-chpw hn m-\-{]-z-hp-amb CXp-t]m-ep a p ]w n-iƒ kvt]m k snøm Iv\m\mb kwl-s-\-ifpw hy n-ifpw apt m p hcp-sa v R߃ {]Xym-in- p- p. CsXmcp kup\y {]kn- o- I-c-W-am-sW- pw, Gh-cp-sSbpw \n t m-`-amb kl-i-cww sim p am{xta CXv XpS p sim p-t]m-ip-hm km[n- p-i-bp q F pw Hm Ωn- p-at m. hmb-\- m-cpss {]Xn-I-cWw {]Xo- n- p- p. ]{Xm-[n-] tjmbnbpw IpSpw-_hpw

8 2008 Pqsse 24 apx 27 hsc Ata-cn- -bnse \yq Pgvkn-bn \S KCCNA bpss 8 m-axv Iv\m\mb I h j-\n \n p GXm\pw Zriy-߃. (IqSp-X Nn{X-߃ ASpØ e -Øn ) \yq Pgvkn I h js Nn{X-߃ {]kn- o-i-c-w-øn-\mbn Ab p X kp\n Iog-ßm pw ]Xv\n Pdo-\bpw

9

- 10 kz w A\y Iq p- p-g-bn h v kz w tej-i a\- n-em- p- -Xv. sshim-cn-iambn kao-]n- p-tºmƒ, Rm Nne Zpcm-Nm-c-ß-fpsS Cc-bmsW p Xs txm p- p. Iv\m\mb kap-zm-b-øns Dev]- Ønbpw Ncn-{Xhpw a\- n-em- m {ian- n- pt m? t\csø ]d- p-h-t m, hf-scb-spø Ime-ØmWv Rm Iv\m\mb kap-zm-b-sø- p-dn v t_m[-hm-\m-ip- -Xv. AXn\p tijw Ign-bm-hp- {X hmbn- p- Ibpw ]Tn- p-ibpw snbvxn- p- v. kap-zm-b-øns A ]q Æ amb \ne-\n-ev]n\v sfxn-lyßfpw si p-i-y-ifpw t]mcm, Kuch-]q -amb Ncn{X Kth-jWw thw-sa A`n-{]m-b- m-c-\mwv Rm. kap-zm-b-øns D -h-sø- p-dn v Ct mƒ Ahy- -X-I-tfsd-bp- v. Aßs\ kw`-hn- p-i-bn F dn p sim p Xs hmzkz w ZrjvSn-bn Ghcpw kpµ-c\pw kpµ-cn-bp-am-wv. Iv\m\mb kap-zm-bmw-k-߃s mw kz w kap-zm-bsø pdn v A`n-am-\-ap- v. \ΩpsS kap-zm-bsø ASp-Ø-dn-bm-hp-, \ΩpsS IpSpw-_-ß-fn Xs, kap-zm-b-øn\v A\y-cmbn Pohn- p Nne-cp- v. \ΩpsS kz w A\y. Ah v \sω- p-dn v F mwv ]d-bm-\p- -Xv? Ah-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-߃ hn`n- -am-bn-cn mw; Ah v \sω- p-dn v ]d-bm-\p- Xv Hcp ]t tiƒ m kpj-ap- -Xm-h-W-sa- n-. F n-cp- mepw Ah-cpsS i_vzw \mw tiƒ -Ww. Iv\m\mb kap-zm-b-sø- p-dn v Iv\m\m-b- m-c- m-ø-h-cpss A`n-{]mbw Cu ]w n-bn-eqss R߃ hmb-\- m mbn {]kn- o-i-cn- p- p. kpnøv DÆn. Hcp Iuam-c- m-cs {]k-cn-t mss HmSn \S- p 43 Imc. ""F-t Wn n Km U '' F Zp_mbv Bÿm-\-am-bp Iº-\n-bpsS P\-d amt\-p. Ip n-i-fpss ]T-\-ku-I-cy-Øn\v `mcybpw a fpw Xncp-h-\- -]p-cøp Xma-kn- p- p. Ah-[n p h t mƒ, Xncp-h-\- -]p-csø hk-xn-bn h mwv kvt\l-ktµ-i-øns tej-i kpn- Øp-ambn kwkm-cn- Xv. hmi-øm-\w, Rmen-bm-Ip-gn, F o ÿe-߃ -Sp-Øp ]pxp-t»cn F Iv\m\mb (bmt m-_m) CS-h-Imw-K-am-b, sim -c-hm-te F IpSpw-_- Ønse Hcp bphmhv Ftà v amt\-p-cpss tpmen e`n v Iq p- p-g-bn-se- Øp p. Iq Kn-s bpw ticf AXn Øn-bp-sSbpw kao-]-ømwv Cu ae- _m {Kmaw. bm{xm- ku-i-cyw Ipd-hm-bn-cp A v hmi-øm-\øp \n pw Gsd AI-se-bm-bn-cp p Iq p- p-g. Iq p- pg {Kma-Øn Xncp-hnXmwIqdn \n pw Im jni IpSn-tb- -Øns `mk-am-sb-ønb IpSpw-_-Ønse Hcp ItØm-en m bph-xnsb CjvS-s -Sp- I-bpw, hnhmlw Ign- p-ibpw snbvxp. Iv\m\mb \nb-a, BNmc {]Imcw \mb-i kap-zm-b-øn\p ]pd-øv. ]n osv Iq p p-g-bnse ItØm-en m (kotdm ae-_m ) k`-bpss AwK-ß-fmbn B IpSpw-_-Øn-ep hsc- mw. B IpSpw-_-Ønse A p a -fn Hcp-h-\mWv kpn-øv. _mey-imew Iq p- p-g-bn Xs. kl-hmkw AΩ-bpsS IpSpw-_-hpambn am{xw. AI-se-bp ]nxr-`-h\w a\- p-sim pw AI-se-Ø-s. IqSm-sX, AΩ-bpsS hi ap -dn-bn- p- m-bn-cp p: A s ho p-im \sωsbms ]pdw-x- n-b-xmwv! ]pdw-x- n-b-xv, Zqsc, tim -b-sø-hn-sstbm D Iv\m\m-b- m Fs mcp Iq -cm-sw v kmh-[m\w a\- n-em-bn. Aßs\ Cfw-a-\- n Iv\m\m-b- m F m D m\pw X m\pw asn- mø A]-I-S-Im-cn-I-fm-sW [mc-w-bp- m-bn. A F m h jhpw \m nse s]cp- mƒ IqSm t]mhp-ibpw Xncn p h v Ahn-SpsØ hnti-j-߃ ]d-bp-ibpw snøp-am-bn-cp- p. a sf sim p-t]m-ip ]Xn-hn- m-bn-cp- p. a ƒ m-i-s, AhnsS t]mim Xosc D m-l-an- m-bn-cp- p. AhnsS sn m Iv\m\m-b- m Xßsf sxdn hnfnt msnt - mw, X n-s m-t - mw CØcw `oxn icn- p-ap- m-bn-cp p. _mey-øn Iv\m\mb kap-zm-b-sø- p-dn v C{X tami-amb [mcw a\- n h p ]pe Ønb kpn-øp-ambn R߃ \S-Ønb A`n-ap-J-Øns {]k- -`m-k-߃ NphsS. _meyimew? {KmaoW kz`mhw F m A - Ønepw D m-bn-cp ÿe-amwv Iq p- p-g. Fs sndp- -Im-eØv sshzypxn AhnsS FØn-bn-cp- n. Pohn- m-\mbn {]Ir-Xn-tbmSp a -Sn- p km[p- -fmb IpSn-tb I j-i Np p-]m-spw. sslkviqƒ m p-i-fnepw timtf-pnepw ]Tn- Xv ] W-{]-tZ-i-ß-fn-em-bn-cp- p. AhnsS {InkvXob A -co w Xoscbn m-bncp p F p ]d-bmw. ]t, AsXmcp t]mcm-bva-bmbn txm n-bn-. kl-]m- Tn-I-fn-te-sd-t lnµp- -fm-bn-cp- p. Iq w sx nb Hcmƒ {]txy-in v \mb- mcpw \ºym am-cpw. Ah-cmWv Fs kz`m-h-cq-]-h -c-w- Øn Gsd kzm[o\w snep-øn-b-xv. Iq p- p-g-bn h v ]cn-n-b-s {InkvXy kaq-l-hp-ambn X n p t\m n-bm, lnµp kplr-øp- -fn Rm IqSp-X \nkzm -Xbpw a\pjy-xzhpw I p. F p-sim pw {InkvXym-\n-I-sf- mƒ \ -h-cmwv lnµp- ƒ F [mcw a\- n Aßs\ IS p IqSn. {InkvXob {]t_m-[-\-߃ ]mgmsw p txm ntbm? A{Xbpw i -amb \nk-a-\-ønse-øn-bn-. ]t, C{Xbpw a\- n- em-bn. ax-{]-t_m-[\w sim p am{xw Hcmƒ \ -h-\m-ip- n-. AXn-s\-s ms tbm \ -Iƒ IqSn thww. Cu Ime-L- -Øn lnµp-a-x-tømsv B`n-apJyw txm n-bn-cpt m? Rm Hcp {InkvXym-\n-bm-sW Xncn- -dnhv F n-ep- m-bn-cp- p. AXn- \- pdw axsø Kuc-h-ambn- - n-cp- n-. B Ime-L- -Øn Kuc-htØmsS I n-cp- Xv ]T-\-am-bn-cp- p. Pohn-X-Øn Fhn-sS-sb- nepw sns -Ø-W-sa B{K-l-amWv A v Fs Nn -sbbpw {]h Ønsbbpw \bn- n-cp- -Xv. AXp-sIm p Xs GsX- nepw ax-hn-`m-k-tømsv IqSp-X {]Xn-]Øn txm n-bn-. F mwv Iv\m\mb kap-zm-b-sø- pdn v IqSp-X Adn-bm-\n-S-bm-b-Xv? hf-sc-b-spø ImeØv Kƒ^n sn p Ign- v. AhnsS sn -Xn\p tijw Iv\m\m-b- m-cmb Nne Ikn kp-ambn ]cn-n-b-s -Sp-Ibpw Ah-cn-eqsS Iv\m\mb kap-zm-bsø Adn-bp-Ibpw snbvxp. Iv\m\m-b- m `oi-c-{]-h Ø-I-c F -Xn-\- pdw F mwv Ah-sc- pdn v a\- n-em- n-bn- p- Xv? Rm CXn\p ap ]v I v ]cn-nb-s - n- p kaq-l-ß-fn \n v hfsc hyxy-kvx-ambn txm n Iv\m\mb kaq-lw. Ah-cpsS Iq m-bva- I-fn ImWp A\u-]-Nm-cn-I-Xbpw Dujva-f-Xbpw FSpØp ]d-tb- - XmWv. Iv\m\m-b- m-cpss henb Iq mbva-i-fn t]mepw F m-h pw F mh-tcbpw Adn-bm-sa- -XmImw Hcp ]t CXns Imc-Ww. k m-c- Øn kt m-jn- p-ibpw PohnXw BtLm-j-am- p-ibpw snøp- -hcmwv. azy-øns AI-º-Sn-tbm-Sp IqSnbp BtLm-j-߃ Nne-t msgms ASn-]n-Sn-bn Ah-km-\n- p p Fs mcp adp-hiw IqSn-bp- nxn\v. Cu kap-zm-b-tømsv A\njvSw txm m Fs - nepw Imc-W-ap- mbn- pt m? Fs ]nxmhv Iv\m\m-b- m-c-\mbxp sim v F\n v Hcp ""A Iv\m'' Ãm kv D v. CXv Rm ]e-t mgpw Iv\m\mb kap-zm-bmw-k-ß-fp-ss-b-spøv hfsc ^e-{]-z-ambn D]-tbm-Kn- m-dp- v. Hu]-Nm-cn-IX s]s v C m-xm-hp- Ibpw sshim-cni Dujva-fX DS-se- Sp- p-ibpw snøm-dp- v. ]t. kap- Zm-b-Øns ""]pd-øm- '' \S-]Sn Fs tzmj-i-c-ambn _m[n- n- p- v. sndp- -Øn AΩ Adnt m Adnbm-sXtbm D m n h [mc-w- Iƒ ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-X-am-sW v ]n osv a\- n-em-bn. F n-cp- mepw Rm ""AcIv\m'' BbXv Ft -X- mø Ip w sim m-wv. Fs amxm-]n-xm- ƒ c p-t]cpw Iv\m\mb-k-ap-Zm-b- m-cm-bn-cp-s - n F\n v Fs ]nxr-`-h-\-øn \n p e`n- p-am-bn-cp kvt\l- -hm- -ey-߃ \jvs-am-in mbn-cp p. CXv icn-b F p Rm hnizkn p p. ChnsS Hcp hni-zo-i-cww Bhiy-am-sW p txm p- p. \ΩpsS P\\w \ap v NneXv t\sn- X- cp p, a p-nn-exv \jvs-s -Sp- Øp p. ]Wn-sbm pw snømsx Xn pw shsn-]-d- pw, a p kpjtem-ep-]-x-i-fn apgp-inbpw \S- n-cp \ºq-Xn-cn-am v Hcp Ime-L- -Øn B kui-cy-sams bpw e`n- Xv P w sim p am{x-am-wv. A v as m-cp- PmXn mc ""Ft -X- mø Imc- W-߃ sim v F\n v kpjku-i-cy-߃ \ntj-[n- -s - Sp p'' F p ]cm-xn-s -Sp- -Xn A -an- -t m. ]ns Xm -fpss ]nxm-hn\v as mcp kap-zm-b-øn \n pw hnhmlw Ign- -t mƒ AXns {]Xym-LmXw F m-ipsa v IrXy-ambn Adn-bm-am-bncp p. C m-cy-øn Iv\m\m-bk-`-bpsS \bw hfsc hy - amwv. B \nebv v Xm -fpss ""AcIv\m Ãm kv'' Xm -fpss ]nxm-hns Xocp-am-\-Øns ^ew am{x-a-t.? _p n-sim- m-tem-nn- m icn Xs. Nne Imcy-߃ \Ωƒ sshim-cn-i-amb Xe-Øn-em-Wt m

11 Øn\p th n am{xw tnmzn- s : Iv\m\mb kap-zmbw Xm - sf-t m-ep- -h-sc-bpw, Ah-cpsS `mcy-am-scbpw a -sfbpw Iv\m\mb- m-cmbn AwKo-I-cn- m\pw kzoi-cn- m\pw Xøm-dm-bm, F m-bn-cn pw Xm -fpss \ne- ]m-sv.? P\n- -t mƒ apx Rm Iv\m\m- -tb-xc ItØm-en m kaq-l-øn-emwv hf -Xv. Fs `mcybpw a -fpw Aßs\ Xs. s]s -s mcp kmwkvimcni ]dn p \So-en Xmev ]-cy-an-. hmz-øn\p th n-bm-sw v Du n- -d- Xp sim v, Rm\pw hmz-øn\p th n am{xw ]d-bmw Nne hyh-ÿ-iƒ \nd-th-d-s - m F\n v Xmev]cyw D m-tb- mw. F mwm hyh-ÿ-iƒ? C y-bnse ]mgvkn kaqlw t]mse, Xß-fpsS kaq-l-øn kmº-øn-i-ambpw hnzym-`ym-k-]- c-ambpw Ai-c-W C F pd p hcp-øm kap-zm-b-øn\p Ign-bWw. Iv\m\mb kaq-l- Øns C sø sa -s kmº-øni ÿnxn-bn, icnbmb t\xr-xzhpw Znim-t_m- [hpw Ds - n CXv t\sn-sb- Sp- m Hcp {]bm-khpw C F m-sws hnizm-kw. Hcp kap-zmbw F \ne-bn kap- Zm-b-Øn-\p- n-ep ]mh-ßsf I n m F mwv \Sn- p- -Xv. CXv timn-\o-b-am-wv. kvt\l-k-tµiw F Cu ]pxnb {]kn- o-i-c-w-øn-eqss F mwv Xm ƒ v Iv\m\mb ktlm-z-c-ßtfmsv ]d-bp-hm-\p- -Xv.? `mkn-i-am-bn-s - nepw \nß-fnsem-cp-h-\m-b-xn F\n- -`n-am-\- ap v. \ -I-tf-sd-bp v \nßfn. tic-f-ønse a p ]e kap- Zm-b-Øn-\p-an- mø Hcp]mSp kui-cy-߃ \n߃ p- v. ASpØ Ime-Øp- mb kmº- ØnI Db ; kmº-øni t{iwn v AXo-X-amb ktlm-zcyhpw kulm ±hpw, A\u-]-Nmcn-I-X, F m-h pw F m-hscbpw Adn-bm-sa Hc-hÿ CsXms \ Xp Xs. ]t CXn-s -sbms kui-cy-߃ th t]mse {]tbm-p-\-s -Sp- Øp- n-. _u n-i-ambn Db-tc Hcp L -am-wn-t mƒ. ] n-wn-bn Ign-bp- -h\v A -sø- p-dn- p Nn am{x-ta-bp- q. A w e`n- -h F \ne-bn C\n hnzy-sb- p-dn p Nn n- -Ww. th ]cn-{iaw D m-bm, P\- kw-jy-bn Ipd-hm-sW- nepw \n߃ ticf kaq-l-øn IqSp- X {i n- -s -Spw. \nß-fpss CSbn-ep-, C\nbpw kmº-øn- I-ambn c -s]-sm-ø-h-sc, ssi]n-sn v Db tø [m ΩnI Npa-Xe \n߃ p- v. D -X-hn-Zym-`ym-k-Øn-\p ÿm]-\-ßfpw AXn-\p kwkvim-chpw D m-h-ww. C{Xsbms t\sn- -gn p am{xw \n߃ hn{i-an- p-i. Ct m-gsø kmº-øni t\ - Øn, BtLm-jn v Ae-k -cm-i-cp-xv. \pdp-ßv kωm-\m l-amb Nn{Xw Hcp ImeØv Ie-I-fpsS tifo-cw-k-ambn-cp p {^m kv. ^mjs {]`-hÿm\w ]mco-km-w-t m. B n-sem-cn- Nn{X-I-em-{]-Z i\w \S-Øp ]Xnhv Ahn-sS-bp- m-bn-cp- p. G hpw kpµ-c-amb Nn{Xw hc- -h\v H mw kωm\w! XpItbm Hcp e w {^m v. ]Xn-hn\v hn]-co-x-ambn Hcp h jw H mw kωm\w In n-bxv G hpw hncq- ]-amb Nn{Xw hc- -h-\m-bn-cp- p. ImWn-Iƒ _lfw sh p; Pqdn-Isf tkm_m v hnfn- p. D -`m-jn-wn-bneqss Btcm hnfn p ]d p. B Nn{X-Øns ASn- p-dn v hmbn- q. P\w \ni-_vz-cm-bn. F m-bn-cp p B Nn{X-Øns {]txy-ix? 1. henb Xe: CXv B[p-\nI a\pjys _p n hnimkw {]I-S-am- p p. 2. \o \mhv: a\p-jys ISn- m- Wn- mø hmnm-ex FSpØp Im p- p. 3. CSp-ßnb amdnsw: k p-nnx a\ v 4. ssi -Øn-bn- mø ssiiƒ: hm pifn tia ; {]h Ønbn iq\y 5. timjn Imep-Iƒ: \ - \-S- n, Zp \-St Adnbq a\pjy ico-c-ønse Hmtcm Ahb-hhpw tncp-ºsn tn m AXv kpµ-c-amwv. adn- m-bm Gsd hncq]w. t\ _p n, anx-`m-j-ww, hnim-e-ho- -Ww, k {]-h Øn, \ s]cp-am w F o KpW-߃ a\p-jys\ B -cni kuµ-cy-ap- -h-\m- p- p. as mcp hm n ]q Æ a\p-jy! ap p-] w [cn p \S- p hct? _mly-ku- µcyw am{x-ap- -hsc CØ-c- mtcmsp]an- p-i-bt kap-nnxw? ^m. PÃ-kns "IÆp-Iƒ Xpd- p-hn ' F {KŸ-Øn \n v Iv\m\mb Ncn{Xw Nn{X-IY 6 mw Nc-a-hm jniw dn. tap si.-si. DXp v (sim pg-bn ) \mk-º-sw, tim bw P\\w 6 11-1919 acww 26-11- 2002 k -]vx-ip-spw-_mw-k-߃ B nãv tpmk^v B Wn

12 Hdo- -bnse Xo Bc-Wbv pw Hdo- -bn XpSßn s\sp-ºm-t»cn hsc hym]n ka-im-eo\ ss{ikvxh ]ov-\-ß-fpss ] m-ø-e-øn Hdo- -bnse {]iv\-_m-[nx Pn bn tkh\w snbvxp hcp ^m. tpm Pv Hmen- -c-bp-ambn \S-Ønb A`n-ap-Jw. Xøm-dm- n-bxv : sp. t]mf-bv ^m. tpm Pv Hmen- kn. Fw Rogq CS-h-I, Hmen- aøm-bn-bp-ssbpw tacn-bp-ssbpw \mep a -fn aqø-bmƒ. ssa\ skan-\m-cn, ^ntem-k^n ]T\w Hdo- -bn-em-bncp- p. Xntbm-fPn Bep-h-bn-epw. ktlm-zcn knã ko\ Fkv. si., tim bw saun- timf-pn-\-sp-øp sk v tpmk^v tim {KntK-js Im k sib sk -dn tkh-\-a- \p-jvtn- p- p. hn k v Un t]mƒ tim {Kn-tK-j Hm^v anj kv høn- m-\mwv anjs Bÿm-\w. 46 cmpy-ßfn anj the snøp- p. 1922 Hdo-k-bn {]h Ø\w Bcw-`n- p. I - v- -`p-h-t\-iz AXn-cq- ]-X-bpsS ÿm]-\-øn \n Æm-bI ] v hln p. Zfn-X pw BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ pw CS-bn {]h Øn- p- p. kviqfp-iƒ shmt -j-w s{sbn-\nwkv kviqfp-iƒ, tlmã-ep-iƒ XpSßn \nc-h[n ÿm]- \-߃ \S-Øp- p. {][m-\-ambpw A v tkm{xßfn s BZn-hm-kn-I-fmWv Cu taj-e-bn. kuc, tim kv, k mƒ, km[n-cn, t_m. Hmtcm-cp- Ø pw Hmtcm `mj-bm-wv. BZy-sa-Ønb kv]m\njv ]mxn-cn-am-cmwv Ch-cpsS `mj-bpss en]nbpw a pw t{imuo-i-cn- m {ian- -Xv. ]n osv tic-f-øn \ns -Ønb sshzn-i, ^m.-txm-akv amfn-tb-, ^m.-tpm-k^v aqe, ^m.-tpm Pv ]mtdam F n-hcpw BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS `mjbv pw en]n pw hne-s kw`m-h-\-iƒ \ In. Hmtcm Ducp-I-fnepw Ah-c-h-cpsS `mj-i-fn-emwv Znhy-_-en. Hdo- -bn kzmx-{ ye-_v[n p apºp Xs Xt±-iob ss{ikvx-h D m-bn-cp- p. kzman-bpss h[-øns DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw \Ivk-sse- p-iƒ Gs -Sp-Øn pw ss{ikvx-h B{I-an- -s -Sm Fs - nepw Imc-W-ap- -Xmbn A \p txm p- pt m? IrXy-amb Imc-W-amtWm Fs -\n- -dn-bn-. ]s sx n-[m-c-w-bpss ^e-am-bn-cn- mw. 2007 Unkw-_ 23 mw XobXn \S B{I-aWw ImWvU-am Pn -bn GXm v aq p Znhkw \o p \n p. ss]im-nn-i-amb A{Iaw. kwÿm\ k m-cn-t\msv klmbw A`y n- t mƒ t^mgvkn F adp-]-sn-bmwv e`n- -Xv. HSp-hn kln-si v \Ivk-sse- p-iƒ hn. F v. ]n. bpss Hcp {Kmaw B{I-an- p. AtXm-sS-bmWv ÿnxn \nb-{ -W-hn-t[-bamb-Xv. k m kwhn-[m\w DW p. DSs\ t]meo-sk-øn. {Ia-k-am-[m\]me-\-Øn\p i -amb \S-]-Sn- Iƒ FSp-Øp. ÿnxn im -am-bn. ]s CXns t]cn t]meokv IÃ-Un-bn FSpØv ]ovn- n- Xv ss{ikvx-h-sc-bm-bn-cp- p. ss{ikvx-h n-s-bn \Ivk-sse- p-iƒ v kzm[o-\-ap-t m.? Hcp Imcyw Rm hy -am- -s. ItØm-en m k`bv v \Ivksse v {]ÿm-\-hp-ambn bmsxmcp _ -hp-an-. Ah-cn \n pw R߃ v F pw _p n-ap- p-iƒ am{x-amwv D m-bn- p- -Xv. We have nothing to do with them. ]s F n pw Ft m Ah Aßs\ A v snbvxp. Hdo- -bnse Xo Bc-Wbv pw Hdo- -bn Ipsd h j-ß-fmbn {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ th -bm-s-s -Sp-I-bm-Wv. Bkq-{Xn-X-ambn ] n-ifpw ÿm]-\-ßfpw Aevam-bcpw sshzn-icpw I\ym-kv{Xo-Ifpw B{I-an- -s -Sp- p, Np p- I-cn- -s -Sp- p. ]em-b\w snøp- -hsc ]n p-s v hmfn-\n-c-bm- p- p. A`-bm n Iymºp- I-fn t]mepw B{I-an- -s -Sp- p. Ac- n-x-cm-bn... Bew-_-lo-\-cm-bn...-k-a n-xcpw Aevambcpw \ne-hn-fnt msp p. `oxn-x-amb Cu Zriy-߃ ASpØp \n p I -dn ^m.-tpm Pv Hmen- thz-\-tbmss hnh-cn- p- p. "tnmc \ocm- n-bmwv R߃ Hdo- -bnse P\-߃ mbn CXp-hsc {]h Øn- -Xv. Ahn- SpsØ G hpw ]mh-s BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS k -txm- p-j-amb hf bv mbn \nkzm ambn R߃ tkh\w snbvxp. Ct mƒ F mw Hcp \nanjw sim v XI Øp Xcn- -W-am- n-bn-cn- p- p. R߃ Hgp- nb tnmcbpw hnb p-sa mw ]mgmb t]msemcp txm. C\n F v.? F Nn -bm-wn-t mƒ R߃ p ap nse henb {]Xn-k n.' C -gn 10 h j-øn\p api-fn-embn Hmen- -e- Hdo- -bn {]h Øn p hcn-i-bmwv. sk v hn k v Un t]mƒ tim {Kn-tK-j Hm^v anj k`mw-k-amwv A. tim {KntK-j _ lmw-]q-cn \S-Øp hnpbv {]n nwkv kviqfns Npa-X-e-bmWv Hmen- -e- -\v. ""kzman e va-wm-\µ kc-kzxn h[n- -s -Sp- Xv HmKÃv 22 mw XobXn cm{xn Gg-c-bv mwv. ]nt v _µv Blzm\w D m-bn. t\cw shfp-øxp apx ss{ikvx-h s -Xn-sc-bp B{Ia-W-߃ Bcw-`n- p. Hcn-S-Ø-, _e-tkm, Ip anw-kn-b, Xnbmw-Kn-b, cq]m-km-hv, t_cm-kmhv... Aßs\ ]e-bn-s-ß-fn. Im -am, timcm- Uv Pn -I-fn-em-bn-cp p hym]-i-amb A{Iaw. hfsc ]nt m Ah-ÿ-bnse Cu {]tz-i-ß-fn, t^m kuicyw t]mepw Ipd-hmb ÿe-ß-fn Hmtcm hospw sxc p ]nsn p IØn- p-ibpw B{I-an- p-ibpw snbvx-xn \n pw CXv Bkq-{XnX \o -am-bn-cp p F p hy -am-ip- p. hy -ambn Bkq-{XWw snø-s - -Xm-bn-cp p A{I-a-߃ F -Xn\v Ah-cpsS A{Ia ssien Xs sxfn-hm-wv. BZyw Hcp hosv As - n ÿm]\w hf-bp-i. ]ns AXns Hcp `mkøv Xobn-Spw. Bfp-Iƒ t]sn-t m-sn- -gn-bp-tºmƒ sim -b-sn- p-i. ]ns ]q Æambn Xobn p \in- n- p-i. Cß-s\-sbms snøm X IpSn-eX Xt±-i-hm-kn-I-fmb BZnhmkn kaq-l-øn-\p v F v Nn n- mt\ km[n- n-. A{I-an-Iƒ ]pdøp \n p- -h Xs. \ΩpsS apjy-[mcm am[y-a-߃ Cu ASn- -a Ø ]s Iem-]- -am-bmwv dnt m v snbvxxv. "Iem]w' F m Ccp-`m-KØp \n pw A{I-an- p- -Xm-Wv. ChnsS ]s AX- m-bn-cp- p. ss{ikvx-h B{I-an- -s p simt -bn-cp p. \ne-hn-fn p simt m-sn-b-h-sc, \n -lm-b-sc, P\- q- -Øns a[y-øn A]-am-\n p. axn-h-cmsx Poh-t\msS Xobn-se-dn- p. I -Iv- -`p-h-t\-iz AXn-cq-]-X-bpsS s{]miyp-td- ^m. _ Wm-Uns\ a ±n v Ah-i-\m- n. Xf p how A \v A\- -an-s p I v c pt] tn v s]m n Xobn-en-Sm sim p t]mbn. XobpsS ASp-sØ-Øn-b-t mƒ NqSpX- n. A k -i- n-bp-sa-spøv IpX-dn-tbm-Sn. A{I-an-Iƒ ]n mse HmSn-sbØn A s\ Xe-bv -Sn p hogvøn, a ±n- p. HSp-hn acn p F p IcpXn Dt]- n p t]mbn. A hgn-bn-se-hn-sstbm acn p InS- p p F -dn v At\z-jn p Is -Øp-I-bm-bn-cp- p. Is -Øn-b-t mƒ Poh-\p- m-bn-cp- p. DS Bip-]-{Xnbn-se-Øn- p. hnh-c-a-dn v A{I-an-Iƒ FØn Bip-]-{Xnbpw B{I-an- p. t]meo-kns km n[y-øn-emwv Cu B{I-a-W-߃ F -XmWv kxyw. Ah-tcmSv klmbw A`y n- -t mƒ Ah s m pw snøm-\m-hn F v ]d-s m-gn-bp-i-bmwv D m-b-xv. {InkvXym-\nIƒ v ]pd-øp-\n pw bmsxm-cp-hn[ klm-bhpw FØm-Xn-cn- m th ] - Xnbpw A{I-an-Iƒ \S- n-em- n-bn-cp- p. tdmup-iƒ D]-tcm-[n hn. F v. ]n. {]h Ø-I Hcp

13 sshzn-i-s\-sb- nepw Rm sim pw F p {]Xn sbsp- Øn-cp- p. Zpcn-Xm-izm-k-Iym-ºp-I-fnse ÿnxn AXn-Zm-cp-W-amWv. hn.- F- v.]n. {]h Ø-I AhnsSbpw FØn `oj-wn-s -Sp-Øp- p v. \n߃ p {Kma-Ønte p asßn hcmw. lnµp-hmbn Xncn p hcn-i, F n v as mcp ss{ikvxh- IpSpw_sØ B{I-an p sime-s -SpØn Iqdv sxfn-bn- p-i. AXmWv \n_- -\. ktlm-z-cm, CXt \n _- nx ax-]-cn-h Ø\w! F{Xtbm CS-h-I-I-fmWv \ap p \jvs-s - -sx v Adnbptam? C pw C -sebpw XpSßn-b-X Cu ]ov\w. 1996 apx Bcw-`n- -XmWo B{I-a-W߃. XnI pw GI-]- o-b-am-bn. _ p- -sf-s m p _ p- sf B{I-an- n- p- p. Htc IpSpw-_- m Xs ]c-kv]cw sim m \n _- n- -s -Sp- p. Pohs\ IcpXn \ΩpsS IqsS-bp- m-bn-cp- -h-cn ]ecpw Ct mƒ Ah s m- am-wv. Ah v \ΩpsS apjøp t\m m hø. \ap v Ah-cp-sS-bpw. h m-sømcp Ah-ÿ-bnemWv Rß-fn-t mƒ. Zp:Jhpw \ncm-ibpw F mw IqSn Ie Hcp Xcw ac-hn- v. hm p-i-fn F\n- Xv hnh-cn- m Ign-bp- n-. \n߃ R߃ p th n {]m n- p-i. \ap v H p tn v hne-]n- mw. sszhw DW-c-s. Iv\m\mb kwl-s-\-iƒ/{]kn o-i-c-w-߃/irxn-iƒ Im\ tziw suman-\niv kmhntbm Ncn{Xw AsX-gp-Xp- -h-cpss IqSn Ncn-{X-am-Wv. th -ar-k-øn\p Ncn-{Xsa-gp-Xm-\m-Ip- Xp hsc Ncn{Xw th - m-cs hoc-km-y-i-fm-bn-cn- p-sa v ssn\okv snm p- v. k`m-n-cn-{x-øn Bflm-b-{]-Xn-`-Iƒ v Aev]w t]mepw ÿm\w e`n- msx AXv sa{xm- m-cpss Ncn{Xw am{x-am-sb- n, Atfl-\n-Iƒ Ncn{X cn-\-bn Xmev]cyw ImWn- n n F Xpw Hcp Imc-W-am-Wv. k`m Ncn{Xw Xncp-Øn-sb-gp-XpI F `mcn DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw Gs -Sp- p-i-b- n-hn-ss. Cu ]w n-bn-eqss Adn-b-s -SmØ sim p sim p Iv\m\mb kwl-s-\-iƒ, {]kn- o-i-c-w-߃, Iv\m\m-b- m-cpss kmln- Xy-Ir-Xn-Iƒ Ch-sbms ]cn-n-b-s -Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wv. Hmtcm amkhpw Fs - nepw H v. CØ-hW tpmk^v ]pd- m-sns Im\ tziw F t\mh-ens\ ]cn-n-b-s -Sp-Ø-s. ti{µ X]m hip- n \n pw hnc-an kw{im n CS-h-I-bnse s]cp-ºm-bn- m-sp-im-c, tpmk^v ]pd- msv [mcmfw sndp-i-y-ifpw Ipsd t\mh-ep-ifpw cnn n p v. A]v\m-tZiv sszzhm-cn-i-bn JWvUi: {]kn- o-i-cn p h -XmWv Cu t\mh. \ntcm-[\ ImeØv ]pi-bne I -h-s-øn\p t]mb Hcp IpSpw-_-\m-Y Xs `mcy-sbbpw F p a -sfbpw kwc- n- p-hm XncnsI hcp- n-. ImØn-cp- n p Imcy-an-s - m-b-t mƒ `mcy IpSpw-_-Øns `mcw aqø ais Npaen-te v ssi amdp- p. \qdp h jw apºp \S- -sx p txm n- p Cu IY-bn ]g-b-im-e-øn-\n-wßpw hn[w hnh-c-w-߃ {Ias -Sp-Øn-bn-cn- p- p. tim bw {InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS \m p-`mj (Ip-sd- qsn IrXy-ambn ]d- m ao\- n ae-bmfw), t_m[\ coxn F mw CXn-ep- v. CsXmcp Iv\m\mb ] m-ø-e-ap t\mh-em-wv. Iv\m\m-b- m-cpss kwkvimcw, BNm-c-a-cym-Z-Iƒ, AXnYn k m-cw, in -Ww, hnizm-k-]-cn-io-e-\w, ] n-tbmspw sshzn-i-tcm-sp-ap ASp- w, a p {InkvXym-\n-I-tfm-Sp CW- w, XpSßn Ht sd {]txy-i-x-iƒ Cu t\mh-en-\p- v. t\mh hmbn- p GsXmcp Iv\m\m-b- m-c\pw kz w kap-zm-b-sø- p-dn v A`n-am\w txm pw. {]apj ]{X-{]-h Ø-I, Sn. tzh-{]-km-zns Ah-Xm-cn-I-tbmsS Ct mƒ CXv Ão ]ªn-t -j ]pkvx-i-cq- ]-Øn-end- n-bn- p- v. tim bsø {]apj _p v tãmfp-i-fn-se mw CXv e`y-am-wv. hne : 120 cq].

14 Iv\m\mb kwcw-`-߃ ikv{x-{in-b, hkv{x-߃ pw ] v, Bbp t Z timtf-pn k Pdn hn`mkw XpS-ßm {ian- t mƒ, Xncp-h-\- -]pcw saun- timtf-pnse tumivs amcpw hnzym n-ifpw FXn p-ibpw kacw \S-Øp-Ibpw snbvxp. Ipa-cIw CS-h-I-bnse hm m- nd IpSpw-_-Ønse tuman-\niv kmhn-tbm, tim bw SqdnÃv _w mhn-\-spøv sk v tpm kv ssbne-dnwkv B Uv {U v k Pdn F t]cn Hcp ÿm]\w (samss_ : 944 614 0026) Bcw-`n- n v tim bw saun- timtf-pnse tumivs am-cn-em-sc- nepw AXn-s\- Xn-cmbn i_vzn- n ; sndp-hn-c-e-\- n-bn-. Imc-Ww, Ah p In p bqwnt^mw Hmƒ snbvxp In m ]e-t mgpw Cu ÿm]-\sø B{i-bn-t n hcp p F Xp Xs. XpWn-sb-Sp-Øv, Xø m-c-s - b-spøp t]mbn Af-sh-SpØv hkv{xw Xbv]n- p-i-sb- Xv Hcp ]g- ssien-bmbn amdn. GX-fhnepw sdun-sabvuv hkv{x-߃ e`n- p- p- v. as m-cp-h-iøv, XpWn- -S- m-c ]d-bp hne-sim-spøp hmßns m p hcp XpWn F{X \ mbn Xbv v simsp-øm-epw, Xr]vXnbm-ImsX Xø Nm n\p IW p ]d-bp D]-t`m- m- ƒ. c pw IqSnb-t mƒ Xø m-cn ]ecpw Cu taje Dt]- n v a p sxmgn-ep-iƒ txsn-t m-bn. Cu taj-e-bn-te v ]pxnb-xmbn IS p hcp- -htcm Xptemw hnc-fw. C -d- -Xn-s -sbms ]cn-wn-x- ^-e-ambn kωm-\-am-tbm, Zm\-am-tbm, ]pxn-b-txm, ]g-btxm Bb Hcp hkv{xw e`n- m AXn\v sndnb Hcp Hmƒ -td-j tpmen thw-sa- n snøm-\m-fn F -XmWv C v ticf-ønse Ah-ÿ. Cu kml-n-cy-ønemwv tuman-\niv kmhn-tbm-bpss Cu \qx-\m-ibw {]k- hpw D]-Im-c-{]- Z-hp-am-Ip- -Xv. \ΩpsS ""tumivs '' suman-\niv kmdn\v At±-l-Øn-t -Xmb \n_- -\-I-fp- v. hkv{xw D]-tbm-Kn-t - -bmƒ Xs hkv{x-hp-ambn t\cn v lmp-cm-i-ww. Chn-sSbpw Nne n\n- C sh-ãn-tk-j-s\ms -bp- v. D]-t`m- mhv ]d-bp- -Xn- \- pdw Nne {]iv\-ß-fpw hkv{x- Øn-\p- m-imw. ]m vkns XpShÆw Aev]w IqSn eqkm-iww; j ns timf sskkv icn-b - CsX mw Hcp `nj-kz-cs sshz-kvzytømss tcmk-\n Æbw \S-ØnbmWv ikv{x-{inb snøp- -Xv. ap Iq n Xøm-dm- nb Nm Pp-I-fpsS Hcp Nm v (j n-\n-{x, ]m vkn-\n- {X, Npcn-Zm-dn-\n-{X, XpS-ßn-b-h) ChnsS-bn-. Hmtcm "tcmk-e- -Whpw' A\p-k-cn- p ""Hm -td-j Nm Pv'' Adn-bn- pw. tim bw Pn -bpss hnhn[ `mk-ßfn \n p am{x-a-, a p ]e-bn-s-ßfn \n pw Bfp-Iƒ Cu ÿm]-\- sø- p-dn v ti -dn v hcp- p- v. kωm-\-ambn In n-b-xpw, Afhp t\m m-sx, AgIp I v hmßnb-xp-amb hkv{x-߃ C\n s] nbn \ns -SpØv Ahbv v Hcp ]p\ P w \evimw! hm -jww: IS-bpsS t]cp I v Hcp am\y Ibdn sn v tnmzy-߃ Bcw-`n- p. ChnsS Po kns dn -b-dnwkv am{x-ta-bpt m? ]pxn-bxp Xbv ptam? BWp-ßfpsS am{x-ta-bpt m? tnmzy߃ v adp-]sn ]d- v Ah-i- \mb IS-bnse Hcp klmbn ]d p: km, C y sss F p \msams hnfn- p Iu]o-\-ap- -t m, ]pcp-j- mcpss, c p ssibp ASn-hkv{Xw. AXns Hcp ssi s]m n t]msb p Icp-Xp-I. AXpw icnbm- n-ø-cpw. Ae n hrønbm n sim p hc-w-sa p am{xw. kvt\l ktµ-iwkup\y hcn- m-cm-im \nß-fpss t]cpw Xma-kn- p cmpy-øn-s bpw \K-c-Øn-s bpw t]cpw C -sa-bn hnem-khpw ImWn v snehasandesham@gmail.com F hnem-k-øn-te v C -sa-bn Ab-bv pi

15 Cub-SpØ ImeØv \m n sn -t mƒ Hcp t\m okv ImWm- \n-s-bmbn. ]mem ti{µ-am n {]h Øn- p axssa{xo thzn (Km- npn kvddun t^mdw) AhcpsS hi ""ss{ikvxh cxv\w'' Ahm Uv {]Jym-]n- n-cn- p- p. Xnc-s -Sp- -s - Xv Fs Hcp _mey-ime lotdm, Fs Xs IpSp-w_- m-c tpmk^v si.- Ip-cy, Imc- m-sv. Cdm- n aqø B Ip n P\n p Ign- m Hcmƒ ais t]cn-emwv Adn-b-s -Sp-I. DZm-lc-W-Øn\v, Hcp Cdm- n v Aen F p t]cp-ff koa ]p{x P\n- p-tºƒ apx At±lw A_p Aen (A-en-bpsS A ) F t]cn Adn-b-s -Smw. Cu BNmcw IS-sa-Sp-Øm tpmk^v kmdns\ ""A_p kndn-bs '' t m, ""A_p kndnb p tpmk^v'' Ft m, ""A_p kp{]ow timsxn PUvPn'' Ft m Hs hnfn mw. Imc- m p IpSpw- _hpw IWn-bmw-]-d-ºn IpSpw- _hpw ""Im p-api-tf '' F IpSpw-_-Øn-s imj-iƒ Xs. cmp-am-wn- -Øns `mj-bn, ""Xs, Xs ''. t\m okv hmbn p Ign- t mƒ a\ v kn\nam t\m okv hnx-cww snøp ]nsn-h- n-bpss ]nd-si-tbm-sp _mey-øn-tebvs m-scm Hm w. HmSn Xf p sn p \n Xv sk v am K-c vkv F.-]n. kviqfns ap -Øv. A]c\maw s] ]- n- q-sw. s] ]- n- q-s-øn Npcp w Nne B Ip- n-i-fp-ap- m-bn-cp- p. Fs tn n Ahn-sS-bp- -Xm-bncp p, hodp B Ip- n-bm-bn-cp- n pw F\n- -hnss ]Tn-t n h -Xns Imc-Ww. ho n ioen ""Xdp-Xe ]d- n '' s] ]- n- q-s-ønepw A`w-Kpcw XpS p. Nqc - - Cu nen {]tbm-k-߃, snhn XncpΩn s]m m-, CXymZn kxvi Ω-߃ I Øm-hns aw-hm- n-iƒ Fs ta \nxysa-t mww {]tbm-kn p simt bn-cp- p. aq mw m n sn -t mƒ Ing-t - m- nse (t]-sn-t -, Imc- m- n Xs. ]qsh pw ]pjv]-sa pw ]d-bpw) Hcp ]ø AhnsS am\øp \n pw s]m n-ho- Wn-cn- p p! CsX-s mcp Ifn? _m n-bp- -h F{X Nqc {]tbm-k-ta p Ign- mwv aq mw m n-se-øn-b-xv. Ch-\m-sc-Sm, sim o-cm-pm-hns sim p tamt\m? Chs\ Aßs\ shdpsx hnsm ] n. R߃, AeIvkv IWnbmw]d-ºn ssi pg {Kma-Øn-s bpw Iv\m\mb kap-zm-b-øn-s bpw A`n-am-\-amb tpmk^v km F tpmk^v si.-ip-cy Imc- m- n\v CubnsS ""ss{ikvxh cxv\w'' Ahm Uv e`n p F p ti -t mƒ a\- n-te-t m-sn-h Nne _mey-imekvac-w-iƒ. hm\-c-tk-\,- kw-l-sn p; ktω-fn p. Chs\ icn-bm- Ww. A m-cy-ønem pw kwi-b-an-. ]t, Fßs\? Rm ]d p F mhcpw IqSn, s] kn \ -hæw ap\ Iq n v Ahs ] bvt m v Hmtcm IpØv. icn-bmipw; Ahs a -h icn-bm-ipw. F m-hcpw sdun. FØ- m am{xw hntbm-pn- p. ""kq n- Ww. I\ym-kv{Xo-I-fpsS IÆn-ep- Æn-bm-W-h. Ipcp-Øn-b-Ω-am \Ωsf icn-bm- pw.'' BgvN-Iƒ Ign- -t mƒ Ing-t - m- n (A-Yhm Imc- m- n ) Pbnwkv tpmk^v R߃ v Nmt m- -\m-bn. Fs -t m-ep- -h-tcmsv Iq v IqS-cp-sX v I\ymkv{XoIƒ Ahs\ D]-tZ-in p ImW-Ww. F nepw R߃ Iq m-bn. D -bqwv Ign v Ipsd-tbsd t\c-ap- v shsn ]d-bm. Nmt m \pw Rm\pw I m-c- - nbnse tam\pw (kn.-sp. txmakv F tam {]oun{kn H mw h jw acn p t]mbn) BWv ASpØ Iq p-im. H mw \ne-bn-te v Ib-dn-t m-ip sã n-en-cp- mwv k m-]w. Fs ho n hcp-øp ]{Xw tic-f-`q-j-w-am-wv. Rm\-Xn hmbn- p GI km[-\w, ^m w. tams ho n at\m-c-a. Ahs CjvS-ssZhw, am t{u- v. Rm ^m -Øn-s - bpw, tam am t{u- n-s bpw IY- Iƒ ]d-bp-tºmƒ Nmt m- ]dbp Xv ""] m''-bpss IY-I-fm-Wv. (] m t^mdãv Un m vsa nse DtZym-K-ÿ-\m-Wv). AXn-i-tbm- nbn aqhcpw H p t]mse tia- m.- eo-^m v a\- n t]mepw hnnm-cn- mø Imcy-߃ Rm ^m - Øns t]cn X n hnspw. tam F m, tami-amtwm? At m-gmwv Nmt m- s ] mbv v Aam-\p-jn-I- `mhw ssih-cp- -Xv. ap -txmfw XSn- tpmk^v si. Ipcy - - m txm p-am-bn, cm{xn-bn Im n. ] m H -bv v. \ncm-bp-[. Ah-cpsS t\sc, ssibp-b Øn, hnc Nq n Hscm a{ w. ap Xp t]cpw Xmsg- n-s- p- p. txm p-iƒ sxdn v Im nse sh - m- -Øn. Phl em s\lvdp Im n-tem-sn-s v ] msb si n- n-sn v DΩ h p. ""]pfp-hmsm, ]pfp. Ahs Hcp ] m'' F n-cp- mepw ] m-sb-t -Sn-bmbn. Nne Rmb-dm-gvN-I-fn ssi pg ] n-bn h v ] m-sb- m-tw n hcp-tºm-gmwv {]iv\w. I Øm-th, ssi s]m p- p-t m, hnc Nq p- pt m? at -sx- nepw Im t m- mcpss ]n n-sem-fn- pw. Bcp-a-dn-bmsX ÿew Imen-bm- pw. ""Ing-t - m-s, Imc- m-s,- ImS, X\n- m-s, Im m-f ; ]mhßsf t]sn- n- m ] o h n-cn- p- p. Im n-se-ßm\pw Ign- m t msc?'' Rm ]Ømw m n ]Tn- ptºmƒ A m-b ]ocpta- n t]mãvam-ã. Hcn- -semcp ssw]v nwkv Hm^. \ -hæw ]Tn- msa- n ]co Ign v Hcm-gvNtØ v ]ocp-ta- n sim p t]mimw. ]Tn- p- -Xmbn A`n-\-bn- p. A`n-\-b-Øn-\nsS Ipsd djy t\mh-ep-iƒ hmbn- p. Ip hpw in bpw, Imc-a-tkmhv ktlm-z-c- m. AΩ km y-s -SpØn CØ-hW Dg- n-bn-. Aßs\ ]ocp-ta- nse kpj-ap XWpØ Im -Øv. ]I apgp-h H - v. Iq p-im-tcm, ]cn-n-b- mtcm Bcp-an-. Ab h- sø tpmkpw, amøp-hpw, A m- s ai s_ n-bp-sams D m-bncp-s - n F p ck-am-bn-cpt s\! t]mtc- n-bn-cp- n-. hn[n. Aß-s\-sbms BtemNn v hgn-bpss AcnIp tn p \S- p-tºmƒ Nmt m- aq mw m n s]m n-ho-wxp t]mse, ] m hgnbn s]m n-ap-f v Fs I ap- n \n p- p. C ; F\n p t]sn-bn-. Rms\- m, sim p-ip- n-bmtwm? ]Ømw m nse ]co FgpXn \n p bphmhm-wv. ]t... ssi Db-cp- pt m? hnc? ""\o IWn-bmw-]-d-ºn-se-bt? \osb m ChnsS?'' Atøm, CXv Im m-fs kzc-a- -t m. Fs mcp hm -eyw! A mwv tpmk^v kmdns bym apjw Rm I -Xv. ]n osv h -t mgpw ImWp-tºmƒ Aev]w kwkm-cn- m-\p ss[cysam-s -bm-bn. timtfpv ]T-\- Øn\p tijw 1972 Rm \msp hn p. CSbv v \m n sn p-tºmƒ F m-h-cp-ssbpw hnhcw At\zjn pw. ]gb Iq p-imsc ]escbpw ImWm-dn-s - n-epw, F m-hcp-ssbpw hnhcw IrXy-ambn At\zjn- n-cp- p. Ing-t - m- nse tpmk^v km Ct mƒ azy-h P-\-Øns Bfm-Wv. F mwo tiƒ p- Xv? sship-t cw A p awn Ign- m c p Imte \S- p ssi p-g- m-cs\ ImWm In ns v R߃ Xami ]d-bm-dp- mbn-cp- p. ]cn-n-b- m Ip n-bpss Np n-\p-an-cn- p-tºmƒ Rms\mgn p amdpw. A{X-sb-fp- -a-. ""ssi p-g- m-c, Iv\m\m-b- mc IpSn- p-i-bn-s t m? tamt\, Znt\-im, Xami ]d-bt '' B ssi pgbnsemcp Fw. ]n. a - Yt\m? ]n osv At\z-jn p sim n-cp- p. tpmk^v kmdns ]cn-{iaw hnp-b-i-c-am-ip- p- v. ssi p-g- m-cn ]ecpw azy-]m\w Dt]- n- m Xøm-dm-Ip- p. 1996 Bbncn -Ww. Rm A m-b\pw ]nt -cp-ambn Xncph-\- -]p-cøp Xma-kn- p- p. Nmt m- t^m snbvxp. ""\o ho n-ept m? ] mbv v \ns A m-bs\ H p ImW- Ww. R߃ Atßm p hcp- p.'' Nmt m- \pw tpmk^v kmdpw FØn. ] mbpw A m-b\pw ASp-Øn-cp v kwkm-cn- p- Xv Rm {i n- p. c p t]cpw ""Im p-ap-i-tf '' m-cm-sw- -dnbmw. ]t, Ah a\ p sim p C{Xbpw ASp-Ø-h-cmsW- -dn- n-cp- n-. ^m -Øn-s bpw am t{u- ns bpw H w Fs _mey-ime hoc-\m-b-i-\m-bn-cp tpmk^v kmdn\v ss{ikvxh cxv\w Ahm Uv In n-b-xn F\n v kt m-j-tø- mƒ IqSp-X A`n-am-\-am-Wv. tpmk^v kmdn\v A\p-tam-Z-\- ߃. tpmk^v kmdns Pohn-Xkm-bm w k t -iz-c kpj-i-cam- -s.

16 C{km-tb ImgvN-Iƒ C{km-tb ImgvN-Iƒ {InkvXob P\-k-aq-l-Øns hnip- -\m-smwv C{k-mtb. tbip-hns P\-\w, Ipcnip acww, D m\w F n-h-ifm ]cn-]m-h-\-ambn Icp-X-s - Sp \nc-h[n ti{µ-߃ C{km-tb-en-em-Wv. {InkvXy, C mw, blq-z-a-x-hn-`m-k߃ v H p t]mse ]cn-]mh-\-amb ]me-kvxo\ cmpyw Hcp ImeØv blq-z- m-cp-ts-xmbn-cp- p. A\y-tZ-i- m-cmb B{I-a-W-Im-cn-I-fm blq-z NnX-dn- -s - p. A\y-cm-Py-ßfn \q m- p-iƒ Xs ASna-I-fmbn Ign p Iqt n h Cu P\-X-bv mbn Ccp-]-Xmw- \q- m- ns a y-øn C{kmtb kzx-{ -P-\m-[n-]Xy ]cam-[n-imc cmjv{sw ÿm]n- p. C{km-tb-ens Ncn-{X-hpw, kwkvim-chpw shfn-hm- p ""C{km-tb bm{x''-f Fw.- kn.-nm-t m-bpss bm{xm-hn-h-c- W {KŸØn \n pw Xømdm- n-bn-cn- p XmWv C{kmtb ImgvN-Iƒ F Cu ]w n. C{km-tb-ense {][m\ ti{µ-ßsf ChnsS ]cn-n-b-s -Sp-Øp- p. \Øm-\nbm \Kcw ss Ahohv \K-c-Øn \n pw saun- -td-\n-b IS XocØp IqSn 32 Intem-ao- hst m p k -cn- m \Øm-\nbm \K-c-Øn FØmw. kap-zm-bkvt\-ln-bmb Hcp Ata-cn- blq-z \my kvt{smkv 1928 ÿm]n timf-\n-bmwv \Øm-\n-bm. saun- -td-\n-b Xoc-Øp Hcp NXp p \new \ni-øn-sb-spøv hmk-tbm-ky-am- n-b-xmwv \Øm-\n-bm. c mw temi-a-lm-bp- -Im-eØv s_ Pn-b-Øn \n pw IpSn-tbdn-b-h Ub-a v I nw-kn AXnhn-Z-KvZ-cm-bn-cp- p. Ah-cpsS sxmgn ]ptcm-k-an- -t mƒ \Øm-\nbm timf\n hf v \Øm-\nbm \K-c-ambn amdn. \Øm-\n-bm-bnse kpj-{]-z-amb Imem-h-ÿbpw sh a-tb-dnb aw XoctØmSp IqSnb \Øm- \nbm _o pw a y[c-wym-gnbnse simt m-f-ßfpw e - - W- n\v Sqdn-Ãp-Isf BI jn- p- p. kok-dnb amcn- oa ]ucm-wni \n Ωn-Xn-bpsS kvamciw \Øm-\n-bm-bn \n pw ssl^m-bv p cmp-ho-yn-bn IqSn 20 an\n p bm{x snbvxm kok-dnbamcn- o-a-bn-se-ømw. _n.kn 31 apx F.-Un. 14 hsc tdma N{I-h Øn-bm-bn-cp AK- Ãkv kok-dpss _lp-am- \m w henb tltdm-tzhv cmpmhv ]Wn-I-gn- n \K-c-amWv kok-dn-bm. tdma Kh W Bbncp p ]oem-tømkv 10 h jw Cu \K-c-Øn Xma-kn- mwv blq-zsc `cn- n-cp- -Xv. h si n-s-߃ ]Wnbp-hm D]-tbm-Kn- n-cp `oam-im-camb Icn- Iq -ß-fn saun- -td- \n-b IS-ense Xnc-am-e-Iƒ h - Sn p IgpIn an\p n as-ßn-t m-ip ImgvN-bmWv kµ i-i ImWp- -Xv. \nc-h[n t {X-ß-fpw, DZym-\-ß-fpw, Xotb- -dp-i-fpw, Imbn-I-hn-t\m-Z-Øn- \p ssaxm-\-ßfpw D m-bn-cp kok-dnb C p \mi-\jvsß-fpss Iqºm-c-ambn amdn-bn-cn- p- p. \nch[n Ncn-{X-kw-`-h-߃ v km yw hln ÿe-amwv kok-dn-bm. ]utemkv A -kvtxm-es\ c p h j-tø v XS-hn-e-S- Xv Cu kok-dn-bm-bn-em-wv. A -kvtxm-e InS XS-hd bmsxmcp lm\nbpw IqSmsX C pw \ne-\n p- p. hn. ]t{xmkv sim Wn-en-tbm-kns\ am\-km- -cs SpØn-bXv Cu \K-c- Øn-em-bn-cp- p. ]s F.-Un. 640 C m-ani B{I-a-W-Im-cn-Iƒ Cu \Kcw ssi -em n \in- n- p. tdmam- m kok-dn-bm-bn-te v ip -Pew sim p h n-cp AIzp- U-Iv ns `mk-߃ C pw \ne- \n p- p. ssl^: C{km-tb-ense hyh-kmb \Kcw kok-dn-bm-bn \n pw ss Ahohv ssl^m Xoc-tZiw ]mxbn IqSn 30 Intem-ao- bm{x snbvxm ssl^m-bn-se-ømw. I Ω-e-Kncn IS-en-te p Xe \o n In mcw ]d-bp-i-bmtwm F p txm p-amdv ] X injcw ssl^m Dƒ -S-en-te- n-dßn \n p- p. C{km-tb t\hn-bpss {][m\ Xmhf-hpw, blq-z-cm-jv{s-øns aq masø henb \K-c-hp-amWv Cu Xpdap-d-]- -Ww. C{km-tb \mhn-i- -SbpsS hnhn-[-xcw I -ep-iƒ ssl^m Dƒ -S-en \mhn-i-hn-\ym-k-ønte s - n-cn- p- p. C{km-tb-ense hyh-km-b-ß-fpss Cu n- -amwv ssl^. Ip n-i-fpss Ifn-t m- p-iƒ apx bp -hn-am\w hsc ChnsS \n Ωn- p- p. Im a ] Xw ssl^-bnse IS c hn v apifn-te v bm{x snbvxm ""sszh- Øns ap n-cn-tøm w'' F ap Im a ] -X-irw-K-Øn-se- Ømw. 600 ao Db-c-ap Im a ae-bpss D n-bn-se-øn-bm ssl^m ho pw ImWmw. ChnsS \n v ssl^m \K-c-hpw, Xpd-ap- Jhpw ImWpI Ahn-kva-c-Wo-b-amsbmcp A\p-`-h-am-Wv. ae-b-sn-hm-c- Øn at\m-l-c-amb sã m tacn N p- v. ae-bpss G w Dbcw IqSnb `mkøv I Ω-eoØm k`- mcpss B{i-aw. Genbm {]hm-n-i Xma-kn- n-cp Kplbpw a pw B{ia-Øn \n pw XmgvhmctØ v t\m p-tºmƒ ImWmw. _mens hymp {]hm-n-i- msc Genbm {]hm- Fw. kn. Nmt m N-I sh p-hn-fn- Xpw Ahsc \in- n- Xpw Ahn-sS-bm-Wv. I Ω-eoØm k`-bpss Hcp simth C v B Kpl-bpsS api-fn D v. AhnsS Genbm {]hm-n-is Hcp {]Xn-abpw ImWmw. _lm-bvjvssd au v Im Ωepw, ssl ^bpw, {InkvXm-\n-Iƒ pw, blq-z pw ]pwy-ÿ-e-am-bn-cn- p- Xp t]mse _lmbv ap o-߃ pw hen-sbmcp Xo m-s\ ti{µamwv. t] jym m-c-\m-bn-cp F km_v Ign \q m- ns DØ-cm Øn ÿm]n- -XmWv _lmbn hnizm-k-kw-ln-x. C mani A[n-Im-cn-Iƒ At±-lsØ \njvi-cpww h[n- p. At±-l- Øns arx-tzlw ]n Km-an-bmb an km-lp-ssk Ben ssl^mbn I_-d-S- n. "t] jy DZym\' sa p hnfn- -s -Sp AXn-a-t\m-l-c-amsbmcp ]m n BWv I_-dn-Sw. an n-øn-f-ßp Xmgn-I- p-s-tømsp IqSnb Hcp tamkvimwv _lmbv jvssd. ssl^-bn FhnsS \n pw t\m n-bmepw Cu an p Xmgn- I- psw ImWmw. ]pcm-x\ ssl^bpw, 1929 {_n o-jp-im ]WnX ]pø ssl^-bpw, au v Im Ωepw GsXmcp k m-cn-bptsbpw a\- ns\ Ipfn-c-Wn-bn- p ÿe-ß-fm-wv.

17 (H mw `mkw) Xøm-dm- n-bxv : do\m s_ n sim w-]-d-ºn knã A`b Bfl-lXy snbvx-xm-sw v tic-f-i_vzw hmcni \S-Ønb At\z-j-W- Øn Is -Øn-bn-cn- p- p. {]kvxpx dnt m pw tik-t\z-j- W-Øns hnhn[ L -ß-fn D m-bn-cp p {]K- -cpss shfns -Sp-Ø-ep-Ifpw HIvtSm-_ 12 se tic-f-i_vzw hmcn-i-bn {]kn- s -Sp-Øn-bn-cp- p. t^md kniv hnz-kv tum. _n. Dam-Z-Ø, tik-t\z-jn ap kn.-_n.-sf. Fkv.-]n, F. XymK-cm-P, t]mãvam w \S- Ønb t]meokv k P tum. kn. cm[m-ir-jvw (sf.-]n.-f-kv) tik-t\z-jn ss{iw{_m v Fkv. ]n. Ip p-sam-bvxo Ip n... F n-h-cmwv Ct mƒ shfns -Sp-Ø-ep-Iƒ \S-Øn-bn-cn- p- Xv. CXns kw n-]vx-cq]w ChnsS {]kn- -s -Sp-Øp- p. ]Xn-\ p Znhkw tem t]meo-kpw, HºXp amkw ss{iw {_m pw ]Xn-\ p h jw kn.- _n.-sf.bpw At\z-jn- n pw Ct mgpw imkv{xo-b-amb sxfn-hp- Iƒ ]cn-tim-[n- m A`-b-bpsS acww Bfl-l-Xy-bm-sW- -Xn- \mwv ap Xq- w. A`-b-bpsS acww apßn-a-cww Bbn-cp- p. Btdmfw apdn-hp-ifmwv arx-tz-l-øn-ep- m-bn-cp- Xv. ac-w-im-cww Cu apdn-hp-if-. sh w IpSn- mwv acn- -Xv. CXn \n pw InW- n hogptºmƒ Poh-\p- m-bn-cp p F p hy -am-wv. UΩn ]co- Ww icn-bm-bn-cp- n-. A`-b-bpsS arx-tz-l-ønse apdn-hp-iƒ Fßs\ kw`-hn- p F p UΩn ]co- -W-Øn \n pw hy -am-bn-. Hcp \pw \qdm-h Øn ]d- m kxy-am-ip-sa- -XmWv Ko_ kns X{ w. B X{ amwv A`bm tikns Aÿn-hmcw txm n-b-xv. \pwbn \n pw \pw-i-fn-te v IpXn- p Ah-k-c-Øn Hcp kxyw apf-s]m- n-bm {]Xn-k n t\cn- SpI kzm`m-hn-iw. CXpXs -bmwv A`bm tikns Zpc- -hpw. 16 h j-߃ p tijhpw knã A`-b-bpsS ac-w-im-cww txsn kn.-_n.-sf. Ct mgpw Ccp- n X p- p. kn.-_n.-sf.-bpss {]Xn- m-b-bmwv XI -Xv. Hcp \pwbn IpcpØ A`-b-t kv F p snø-w-sa- -dn-bmsx kn.-_n.-sf. h w Id-ßp-I-bmWv. tims-xn-i-fm-is \nin-x-ambn hna in- p- p. kn.-_n.-sf.-bn \n pw cmpn h Un.-ssh.-F-kv.-]n. h okv ]n. txmakv knã A`-b-bpsS acww Bfl-l-Xy-b-s pw sime-]m-x-i-amsw pw shfn-s -Sp-Øn-b-tXmsS AXn \n pw A ]w t]mepw hyxn- N-en- m ]n osv At\z-jWw \S- Ønb A p Soap-Iƒ pw km[n- n. c m-asø kwlw tims-xn-bn ]d- Xp sime-]m-x-i-am-sw pw {]Xn- Isf ]n-sn- m Ign-bp-I-bn- m-øxp sim v knã A`-b-t kv Ah-km- \n- n- m A\p-aXn \ I-W-sa- mbn-cp p. timsxn CXp \ncm-i-cn- p- I-bmWv snbvx-xv. CXn\nSbn ]e At\z-j-W-kw- Lßfpw amdn amdn hs - nepw Ahsc mw tims-xn-bpss \nin-x-amb hna i-\-øn\p hnt[-b-cmbn. kwi-b-øns t]cn c p ]ptcm-ln-xcpw Hcp I\ym-kv{Xobpw {]Xn-I-fmbn Nn{Xo-I-cn- -s - p. Chsc ]e-x-hw tnmzyw snøp-i-bp- m-bn. ]n osv t]mfn{km^v, s{_bn am nwkv ssãp-iƒ, \m t m A\m-enknkv C{X-bp-sams \S-Ønbn pw {]Xn-Isf AdÃv snøm Ign-bp hn[-ap sxfn-hp-iƒ e`n- n. AXn- \n-s-bn sian- em_v FIvkm-an- \-dmb KoX-bpw, A U-dmb Nn{Xbpw hnhm-z-øn G s - p. ]n o-snh \nc-]-cm-[n-i-fm-sw p sxfn- p. XpS v _mw q-cn \m t m A\men-knkv ]cn-tim-[\ \S-Ønb tum. amen-\nsb kn.-_n.-sf. Ip -s -Sp-Ønsb- nepw amen-\nsb Ip -hn-ap- -bm- p-ibpw kn.-_n.-sf.sb {]Xn q n \n Øp-I-bp-amWv sslt m-sxn PUvPn- cmwip-am snbvx-xv. kn.-_n.-sf. -C-t mƒ c p sshzn- I-tcbpw Hcp I\ym-kv{Xo-tbbpw {]Xn- I-fm n apjw c n- m-\p X{X msnem-wv. t]mfn-{km^v ssãp apx \m t m A\m-en-knkv ssãv hsc \S-Øn-sb- nepw bmsxmcp hn[ sxfnhpw e`n- n-. {]Xn-I-fn Hcp ]ptcm-ln-x\pw I\ym-kv{Xobpw XΩn {]Ir-Xn-hncp {]h Ø-\-߃ D m-bn-cp- psh- pw, ]pe s sh w IpSn m-s\- Ønb knã A`b B Acp-XmØ ImgvN I p-sh- pw, XpS v Xe- - Sn-tb v At_m-[m-h-ÿ-bn-emb A`bsb InW- n-en- p-sh pw, Aß-s\- bmwv acn- -sx- p-amwv h okv ]n. txma-kns \nk-a-\w. tihew \nk-a- \-a- msx bmsxmcp sxfn-hp-ifpw CXp kw_- n v kn.-_n.-sf v Is -Øm Ign- n- n-. apjw c n- m th n Ahsc AdÃv snbvxmepw tims-xn-bn-se-øn-bm sxfn-hp-i-fpss A`m-h-Øn in n- s -Sn F mwv \nb-a-hn-z-kv Nq n- m- n-b-xv. ]Xn-\ p Znhkw tem t]meo-kpw, HºXp amkw ss{iw {_m pw ]Xn-\ p h jw kn.-_n.- sf.bpw At\z-jn- n pw Ct mgpw imkv{xo-b-amb sxfn-hp-iƒ ]cn-tim- [n- m A`-b-bpsS acww Bfl-l- Xy-bm-sW- -Xn-\mWv ap Xq- w. F m Akz-`m-hnI ac-w-ß-fpssbpw icn-bmb At\z-jWw Bcw- `n- p- Xv arx-tz-l-øns ]cn-tim- [-\ v tij-am-wv. t]mãvtam w \S- Øp tumivs v t^md- kniv sshzy-im-kv{x-øn \ ]cn- m- \hpw ]cn-n-bhpw thww. A`-b-bpsS t]mãvtam w \S-ØnbXv t^md kniv sshzy-im-kv{x- Øn Ah-Kmlw t\snb tum. kn. cm[m-ir-jvw-\m-wv. tum.-cm-[m-ir-jvws hnizm-ky- Xbpw kxy-k- -Xbpw C p hsc tnmzyw snø-s - n- n-. At±lw t]mãvtam w \S-Øn-bXv Ccp-]Xp saun- hnzym n-\n-i-fpss km n- y-øn-em-bn-cp- p. t]mãvtam w k n-^n- - n sndnb Bdp apdn-hp- I-sf- p-dn v hni-zo-i-cn- p- p- v. sndnb apdn-hp-ifpw Dc- nepw Icnhm-fn pw D m-bn-cp- p. Xe-tbm- n-bn s]m -ep-iƒ H pw Xs D m-bn-cp- n-. Xe-t m-dns Bh-c-W-Øn\p Xmsg sndn-sbmcp `mkøv c w D mbn-cp-s - nepw Xe-t m-dn\v ]cn p mbn-cp- n-. Cu ]cn- p-iƒ InW-dn-\p- n-te v Imep-Iƒ Xmtg- mb coxnbn howm-ep- m-im-hp- -h-bm-wv. A`-b-bpsS ico-c-øn-ep apdn-hp-iƒ acww kw`-hn- m am{xw Kuc-h-ap- -Xm-bn-cp- n. t_m[w \jvs-s - -Xc-Øn Hcp BLmXw Xe-t - n-cp-s - A`-b-t kv Ak-Xy-ß-fpsS tlmj-bm-{x-bm-wv. (tic-fm-t]m-eo-kns saun-t m-eo-k D]-tZ-i- I\pw ap sa-un- hnzym-`ymk Ub-d-IvS-dp-am-bncp tum.-d-am-z-ø-\n-t mƒ AarXm saun- timtf-pnse s{]m^-k B Uv sluv Hm^v t^md kniv saun-kn-\mbn tkh-\-a-\p-jvtn- p- p. A`-b-bpsS ac-wsø kw_- n v BZyw saunt m-eo-k D]-tZiw \ In-bXp Dam-Z-Ø-\m-Wv.) n Kpc-X-c-amb apdn-hp-ifpw Xet m-dn\v Xhpw kw`-hn- p-am-bncp- p. CXn \n pw A\p-am-\n- mhp- Xv A`-b sh -Øn howt mƒ ]cn-]q Æ t_m[w D m-bn-cp- p-sh- mwv. AXp-sIm- mwv sxfn-hp-i-fpss ]n _-e- Øn tumivs kn.-cm-[m-irjvw ac-w-im-cww apßn-a-c-wam-sw v tcj-s -Sp-Øn-b-Xv. F n pw cm[m-ir-jvws t]mãv tam w dnt m v h okv ]n. txmakv Ahn-iz-kn- p. Xe- -Sn-tb p t_m[-c-ln-xbmb A`-bsb InW- n-te v X n-bn p F p ka n- m th n-bmwv t]mãvtam w dnt m v Ahn-iz-kn- -Xv. AXpsIm- mwv ]pdsa \n pw hnz-kv - \mb tum.-_n.-b. `mkvisd sim p-h v inc- nse apdn-hn-s\- n kwibw {]I-Sn- n- -Xv. Bfl-l-Xy-bm-bn-cp A`-bbpsS acww sime]mx-i-am-bn- Øo-cm c p {][m\ kw`-h-ßfp-s p Nq n- m-wn- -s - Sp p. H v Iv\m\mb k`bv v A`-b-bpsS acww Bfl-l-Xybm- m Xm ]-cy-ap- m-bn-cp- n-. as m p kn.-_n.-sf. Fkv.-]n. XymK-cm-P-\p-am-bp h okv ]n. txma-kns hy n-ssh-cmkyw F nh-bm-bn-cp p. C m-cy-ßfmwv tic-f-i_vzw dnt m n tcj-s -Sp-Øn-bn- p- -Xv. tum. -D-am-Z-Ø (t^m-d kniv hnz-kvz ) knã A`b apßn-a-cn- Xv A]-I-Sw-aq-e-a F p hy -amwv. knã A`b sime-sn-ø-s - -Xm-sW- n, H p-in At_m-[m-h-ÿ-bn InW- n sim n-sp-itbm As - n InW- n\p kao]w \n p-i-bm-bn-cp A`-bsb _e-ambn InW- n-\p- n-te v X n-bn-sp-itbm thww. ]pe s \mep awn v A`-bsb GsX nepw ImcWw ]d v X n-bn-sm km[y-x-bn-. A`-bsb _e-{]-tbm-k-øm t_m[w sisp-øn- F- p- -Xn\p t]mãvtam -Ønse sxfn-hp-iƒ tbmpn- p- n-. At mƒ A`b kzbw InW- n NmSn-b-Xm-bn-cn- mw F A\pam-\-Øn-\mWv ap Xq- w. A`b F n\v Bfl-lXy snbvxp F tnmzy-øn\v DØcw Is - ØpI {]bm-k-a-t{x. Bfl-lXy snøp- -Xn\p sxm p ap ]p hsc AXns -sbmcp kqn-\bpw a p- -h p e`n- n-. {Inan-\ \S-]Sn \nbaw 174 mw hip v A\p-k-cn- mwv Akz-m`m-hnI ac- W-ß-fpsS At\z-jWw \S- p- -Xv. CX-\p-k-cn v ac-w-øn a v hy n-ifpss ] n- m-sb p am{xw sxfn-bn- m axn. F n-cp- mepw At\z-jW DtZym-K-ÿ- m Bfl-l-Xy-bn-te v \bn Imc-W-߃ At\z-jn- m-dp- v. A`-bm-t kv At\z-jn Fkv. ]n. XymK-cm-P ka -\m-b, kxyk- -\m-b, BZ i-ip- n-bp Hcp t]meokv Hm^o-k-dm-Wv. At±lw \S- Ønb At\z-j-W-Øn A`-b-bpsS acww Bfl-l-Xy-bm-sW v kwibm-xo-x-ambn sxfn- n-cn- p- -Xm-Wv. At±-lsØ txtpm-h[w snøm-\mbn At±-l-Øns Hcp Iogp-tZym-K-ÿ Nn d {ia-ß-f \S-Øn-bn- p- -Xv. 16 h j-ambn XpS-cp Cu Ak-Xy-ß-fpsS tlmj-bm{x B p th nbm-wv.? GtXm ÿm]nx Xm ]cyw ap \n Øn-bm-sW p Icp-Xmw. A`-b-bpsS acww sime-]m-x-i-am- p- -Xn\v ]n n Nne e y-ß-fp- v. I\ym-kv{Xo-k-aq-l-tØbpw k`-bp-tsbpw {]Xn- m-b-bn- m-xm- p-i. AXn\p ]n n Iv\m\mb k`-bn \n pw ]pd-øm- -s Ata-cn- -bn IpSn-tbdnb Hcp hn`m-k-amw.v Iv\m\mb k`-bn-ep- -h a p ss{ikvxh k`-i-fn \n pw hnhmlw Ign- m ]msn-. hnhmlw Ign- m ]pd-øm- -s -Spw. Aßs\ ]pdøm nb-h-cmwv tami-amb {]N-c-W-Øn\v ^ v \ Ip- -h. \nc-]-cm-[n-i-ƒ H-cn- epw in n- -s -S-cpXv AXm-sWs e yw. ChnsS kxyw aqsn shbv -s -Sp- p. F\n- -dn-bm-hp kxyw Fs I ap- n hf-s m-sn- -s -Sp-I-bmWv. C{Xbpw Imew t\m n \n p. C\n-b-Xn\p Ign-bp-I-bn-. tijw 19 mw t]pn

18 kæn a - c kv]o nw-kv... a - c aæq If-cn- ]tc-x-cmb si.-kn. txmakv Gen-bmΩ ai kæn txma-kv. kæn a - c F Xqen-Im-\m-a-Øn Adn-b-s -Sp- p. 1976 Fs A -c-ß-fn BZy-ambn A Sn ajn howp. "hn[n' F m-bn-cp p BZysØ IY-bpsS t]cv. aebm-f -a-t\m-c-a-bpss _me-ca F Ip n-i-fpss amkn-i-bn. ]ndsi at\m-ca BgvN- -Xn- n-epw. a v B\p-Im-enI {]kn- o-i-c-w-ß-fn-eq-ssbpw t\mh-ep-ifpw IY-Ifpw an\n- -Y-Ifpw tej-\-ßfpw _me-i-y-i-fp-ambn GXm v 21 t\mh-ep-ifpw 124 IY-Ifpw 19 a p {KŸ-ßfpw cnn- m F\n p Ignhp X sszh-tømsp \µn ]d-bp- p. {]Xo- n- m-sxbpw B{K-ln- m-sxbpw F n-te v IS p h GXm\pw Ahm Up-Iƒ tcmkm-h-ÿ-bnepw Fs cn- \-Isf an\p- n, Xnf- -ap- -Xm n Xo m Imc-W-am-bn. Fs a\- ns Irjn \ne-øn hc-zm-\-ambn In nb Cu ]cn-an-x-amb Ignhp sim v hnf-hp-i-sf-sp- m Ct mgpw Rm {ian- p- p. B i n h Æ-a-g-bmbpw a n Xpf-fn-I-fmbpw F n-te v s]bvxn-d-ßp-tºmƒ hc a\kv h Æ-Ømgvhcbmbn ]q ƒ NqSn \n p- Xp t]mse txm m-dp- v. ""ae-bn-d w'' kvt\l-k-tµ-i-øns hmb-\- m-cmb Iv\m\mb {]hmkniƒ mbn {]txyiw Fgp-Xnb elp t\mhem-wv. \n߃ v \nß-fp-ts-xmb {]iv\-ß-fp- v. tic-f-ønse kaqlw a\- n-em- m asn- p \nß-fpss BIp-e-X- Iƒ Dƒs m- n- m Rms\mcp Ffnb {iaw Cu cn-\-bn \S-Øn-bn- p- v. C\nbpw FgpXpw a\- ns Dt jw \jvs-s -Sm-sX, lrz-b-øns Xmfw sx p \nanjw hsc. ssii-fpss Ne- \-tijn \ne-\n p- Xp hsc. `mcy: InS-ßq B\naq n txmakv Gen-bmΩ aiƒ tacn. a ƒ: Ae kv, {InÃo\m {KmasØ XgpIn IS p t]mip It m-en-\n p l j- ]p-f-i-߃. aµmc qhns K w Bhm-lns -Ønb Im n\v Xqa-µ-lmkw. BImi hnxm-\-øn hncps -Ønb ]d-h-iƒ Xmtg v t\m n; Hcp {Kma-Øns apgp-h D ml Xnan ns\bpw G p-hmßn. AtX, {Kmaw apgp-h D ml-øn-em-wv. F k, ]vfkv Sq dmt mss ]m m-bn-cn- p- p. kviqfn-\-hƒ C -`n-am-\-]m{xam-wv. hosn-\-hƒ s]cpa Nm Øn-bn-cn- p- p. BZyambn {Kma-Øn \ns m-cmƒ D - X-hn-P-b-]oTw Ib-dn-bn-cn- p- p. Ahƒ ]Tn sk v tacokv lb sk Udn kviqfnse {]n kn- -en\pw So am pw Ahn-iz-k-\ob hm Ø-bm-bn-cp- Xv. Adp- q-dn A q n F ]-Øn-\mev am v. kviqfn\v Ncn{X t\ -am-w-hƒ hmßn Iq n-b-xv. F nepw A ym- ]I hrµ-øn ]S Ahn-iz-k- \o-b-x-bpss a p ]S-e-߃ DcpIn amdm sshin. txmωm- p- n pw AΩn-Wn- p- n pw F k C v s]m m-wv. kl-]m-tn-iƒ p Ahƒ s]s v F k-ω-bm-bn, F k- p- nbmbn. "snmdn n F k' F p Iq pim Bt -]n p \ Inb t]cmwv hns m-gn- n-cn- p- -Xv. F ksb snmdn n F p hnfn- m\pw Imc-W-ap- m-bn-cp- p. Ahƒ F mw m n ]Tn- ptºmƒ ISpØ ]\n Ahsf _m[n p. tumivs am amdn amdn NnIn- n- n pw tcmk-i-a\w D mbn. aisf c n- m Adnbm-hp ] n-i-fn t]mbn kie ]pwym-f- m pw ]pwy-h-xn- Iƒ pw AΩn-Wn- p n t\ t\ p. {]m -\bpss i nbm F k-bpss tcmkw Ipd p h p. ]n osp Nne {]Xn-Iqe Imem-h-ÿ-bn icocw snmdn p XSn p s]m p-ibpw apdnhp-i-fn \n pw c hpw ]gp pw Hen- n-d-ßp-ibpw snøm-dp- m-bncp p. GtXm ]I -hym-[n-bm-sw- p kwi-b-øm Iq p-im-cn-iƒ ASpØp t]mip-i-tbm, kwkm-cn- p-itbm mkn sn m ASp- Øn-cn- p-itbm snøm-dn. F k kviqfn t]mim-xmbn. Ahsf Ifnbm- p- -h-scbpw kq n p t\m p- h-scbpw Ahƒ v shdp- mbncp p. F k ImgvN-bn ansp nbmsw- nepw BZy-Im-gvN-bn AXp txm p- I-bn. Iodn-Xp- nb ]mhm-sbpw Iodob ªkpamWv thjw. an -hmdpw DSphkv{X-Øn snfntbm Idtbm Icntbm ]pc- n-cn pw. Zp K- hpw D mhpw. FÆ txbv mø apsn Ft mgpw ]mdn- -d v s\ n-bn howp- In-S pw. F m Znh-khpw CS-hI ]f-fnbn Ip _m\ ImWm F k t]mim-dp v. A-h-fpsS k -S-ßfpw au\- {]m -\bpw hnim-cn-b- {i n- p-am-bn-cp- p. Ascms shdp- Ømepw hnim-cn-b- Ahsf CjvS- - p. Ah-fpsS lyz-b-øn ]pi- p-sim- n-cp A n-] Xw Xncn - -dn- p-sim v ^mz tsmw kæna - c Ahsf Biz-kn- n- p. ""tamsf F tk \o Hcn- epw Zp:Jn -cp-xv, Bcp Ifn-bm- n-bmepw tcmkw F m-h pw D mipw. AtXm Øv kviqfn t]mim-xn-cn- cp-xv. tamƒ v \s mcp `mhn-bp- v. AXv \jvs-s -Sp-Ø-cpXv. Iffp IpSn pw Nmcmbw hm nbpw \ns A hgn-sx n \S- p- p. kzøp- -sf mw hn p IpSn- ns? \nßsfs ]Tn p hf tijw thww Cf-In-t mb IpSpw-_-Øns ASn- Ød \ mbn Dd- n- m '' ""C m Rm kviqfn t]mip- n-. So am p-t]mepw Fs I p-iqsm'' ""tamsf \n _- -_p n IfbWw. a pf-f-hsc Xy]vXn-s -Sp-Øm \ΩpsS `mhn \in- n- -cpxv. ]Tn- p- -Xn\v F p klmbw thw-sa- nepw Rm \evimw. πkvsp Ign- m Fs - nepw sxmgn- ]Tn- p-itbm... As - n sndnb tpmen p {ian- p-itbm snømw.'' ^mz tsmans kvt\l ktµiw Dƒs m v F k kω- X-tØmsS Xe-Ip-ep n. ""A m Rm t]mip-ibmwv.'' IÆp-Iƒ \nd- -hƒ Ccp ssiifpw Iq n Xncn p \S- p. ^mz tsmw kt m-j-tømss t\m n ]p n-cn- p. ^mz tsman\v \mev]-ø p hb- n\p api-fn {]mb-ap v. shfpø apjw. \o XmSn h n- p- v. apjøv Ft mgpw ]p ncn]q ƒ hns p ImWmw. \n ±-csc klm-bn- p- -Xn\pw CSh-I-bn hgn-sx n k -cn- p Bfp-Isf t\ h-gn v sim p hcp Xnepw AXoh Xmev]-cytØmsS {]h Øn- Hcp \ CS-b-\mWv ^mz tsmw. ]f-fn-bpssbpw kviqfn-s bpw timtf-pns bpw Npa-Xe IyXy\njvS-tbmsS At±lw snøp- p. CS-h-I-bn hgn-sx- n-t mb At\Iw Bfp-I-fn Hcm-fmWv amt txmω... ]e {]mhiyw ]ffn-bn-te v txmωmsb hnfn p hcpøn, ]e \ \n t±-i-ßfpw Abmƒ v \evin-bn- p- v. CØ-h- Wbpw txmωm- p- nsb A hnfn- n- p. Abmƒ Ww kzoicn p ]ffnbn FØn. ""txmam m... Cu t]m p icnb. Xs apºnepw ]nºnepw Hcp]mSp A]-I-S-߃ Hfn- p-in- S- p v. azy]m\w Dt]- n p ]ffn-bn h p Ip _m\ ImWWw. a ƒ \mep-t]-cp-s hnnmcw thww. ""A m A -s\- mƒ Hcp hbns Ipdth F\n- p-ffp. Ip _m\ ImWp-hm\pw Ipº-km-cn- m\pw H n\pw Fs ]Tn- n-t -. kz -cm-py-øn-te v t]mti hgnbpw F\n- -dnbmw.""\n-߃ v aptº thiy-ifpw Np - mcpw kz -cmpyw Ah-Im-i-s -Spsa v''i Ømhv ]d- n- p- t m.- ]n-s bm A. ^mz tsmans apjøp tim]w Im talw t]mse ]S p. txmωm m... azz-]m-\n-iƒ kz cmpyøv {]th-in- p-i-bns pw I Ømhv ]d- n- p- v.'' txmωm- p n hn n-. ""A m...-fs thz-]mtw ]Tn- n-t m I Ømhv thsdmcp

19 Imcyw IqSn ]d-bp- p- v.'' azz-øns el-cn-bn txma Aev]-sam p Ipg- m-sn. ""txmωm- p n ]d-bww, ss nƒ hmbn- p- p-t msb p Adn-bm-at m'' txmωm Aev]w t\cw BtemNn tijw hnim-cn-b- s apj-tø v shdpsx ItÆm-Sn p sim p ]d p ""^cn-tk-b-cmb \n߃ tim - I-fp-sSbpw ]m{x-ß-fp-ssbpw ]pdw IgpIn shsn m- p p. \nß-fpss AItam Ih bpw ZpjvS-Xbpw sim p \nd- n-cn- p p. t`mj amsc ]pdw, \n Ωn- p h Xs bs AIhpw \n Ωn- Xv? \n߃ p-f-fh Zm\w snøp-hn At mƒ F mw ip am-bn-cn pw. ^-cn-tk-bsc \n߃ p ZpcnXw Fs - m \n߃ AcqX-bp-sSbpw Xpf-kn-bpsSbpw a p F m snsnifp-ssbpw Zimwiw simsp- p- p. F m, sszh-øns \oxnbpw kvt\lhpw \n߃ Ah-KWn p If-bp- p. Ch-bmWv \n߃ sntø ncp- Xv a p-f-f-h Ah-K-Wn- msx Xs. txmωm- p n CS-tØm pw he-tøm pw inc m ns m v Nncn p. "" txmωm... sszh ZqjWw ]db-cpxv...-f v a\- n-em n s m mwv \o kwkm-cn p -Xv.'' hnim-cn-b- s apjw Nph- p. txmωm- p n ico-cw samøw Cf n ]ns bpw Nncn- p. ""A m...-a-dnhv In -W-sa- n Hcp ]pkvx-ihpw hmbn-t - m. D]- cn-]-t-\hpw Bh-iy-an- -. If-fp-jm- n t]mbn cmhnse apx Ccp- m tumivs-td v FSp- mw. cmhnse c p mkv Cf-h AIØp sn m Zp:JnX-cp-sSbpw ]oun-x-cp-ssbpw IZ\ IY-Iƒ ] -shffw t]mse Hgp-In-sbØpw. aqø-h sn m t{]a-ss\-cm-iy- Øns ioep-iƒ Infn-Ip- p-ßsf t]mse ]d- -cn-in hcpw. ap n-cn-bn Iffp sn m IpSpw_ Zp:Jß-fp-sSbpw cl-ky-_- -ß-fp-sSbpw sxfn-b-s -SmØ sime-]m-x-i-øn-s bpw tamj-w-øns -bpw ad p InS- p IY-Iƒ aesh-ffw t]mse a-\- ns AW-s]m- n-sbm-gp-ipw. C\n AXns ]pdøv Aev]w Nmcmbw IqSn tn Øp Ign- m `mhnbn \S- m t]mip sime-]m-x-i- Øn-s bpw t_mw_v kvt^ms-\-øns bpw _m v Ih -bp-ssbpw kq{x- [m-c- mcmb apjy-{]-xn-isf Is - Øm Ign-bpw. A m... Fb I- n-j apdn- -I- Øn-cp- mtem shbnepw XWp- ptaev møm a\- p-iƒt m m\w Hcp Xcn t]mepw In pi-bn-.'' txmωm- p n ]d-bp- Xv kxyamsw v A \p a\- n-embn ]t txmam- p- n-bpss apºn h v AXw- Kn-I-cn p simsp- m A Xøm-dmbn-cp- n. amt txmωm- GXm v \mev]-xp-h-b-t mfw {]mbw hcpw. A - Nm n- p v simspø IpSpw_ kzøv Ip-d- p-t]msb pff k Sw Abmƒ p- m-bncp p. txmωmsb I_-fn- n p ktlm- Z-c am v A[nIw \evin F ]cm-xnbpw D mbn-cp- p. B Zp:Jw kln- m-\m-hmsx Znh-khpw azyw Ign- p. Nm n- p- n-t\mspw ktlm- Z-c- m-tcmspw Ie-ln p sim n-cp- p. Ielw aq p-tºmƒ `mcy AΩn-Wn- p n IjvS-s p hg v Ah-km-\n- n pw. Nne-t mƒ AΩn-Wn- p- n pw ASnbpw sxm-gnbpw In p-am-bn-cp- p. ]n osv txmωm- p- n thsd ]pc-h p Xd-hm n \n pw amdn-øm-a-kn- p. Nm n- p p acn- p- -Xn\p apºv _m n \nt -]n- n-cp A ]-Xn-\mbncw cq]m IqSn Ic v s\m v txmωm v \evin-s m v ]d- p. ""tams\ \ns ktlm-z-c- mcpw \ns t]mse Xs -bt... Ahsc \o Fs thz-\n- n- p t]mse thz-\n- n- -cp-xv.'' Nm n- p- ns acw tijw IpSpw_ Ie-l-߃ Ipd-s - nepw txmω-m p n azy]m\w \n Ønbn.Nne-t mƒ azy-e-l-cn-bn AΩn- Wn- p- n-tbmsv sndnb Imcy-߃ pw henb Imcy-߃ pw hg- n-sm-dp v. At mƒ aqø-a-i kpn HmSn-sbØn c p-t]-scbpw am n-\n Øpw. Hcn- IpSn p kpt_m[w \jvss p h txmωm- p- n-tbmsp kpn ]d- p. ""] m C\n IpSn p sim v ho n h p hg- n-s-cpx.v ] -sb- p-dn v tami-ambn kwkm-cn- p- Xv F\n p tiƒt n h n- p v. ] m IpSn p shfn-hn- msx O ±n p hgn-bn InS- -t mƒ \mbv ƒ O ±n- Xp \ n IpSn- Xpw ]n osv apjw IqSn \ n XpS IY \msp apgp-h ]m mbn. C\n IpSn p sim v aωntbmsp hg- n- m-ep- -t m. A -\msw v hnnm-cn- p-i-bn-. Fs kz`mhw amdpw.'' ""FSm tams\ \o F\n v A y IqZmi \evin kz -Ønte v hnsm t]mip-i-bm-twm... Fs H sxmgn v \o ^n\njnwkv t]mbn ns A p-døp IS- pw. Rm Hu pw BIpw. FSm tamt\ Rßsf t]mse Ipd p t] IpSn- p- -h Cs - n Cu k m Fßs\ \ne-\n pw. tpmen snømø DtZym-K-ÿ- m v FhnsS \n pw iºfw simsp- pw. FSm \n n \nt m... \ns AΩ-bn \nt m Fs - nepw Hcp kt mjw F\n p In n-bn- n-. Aev]w azyw sn n-s - n ]ns F m-sm... PohnXw,... FSm... Aev]w IpSn- p- -h\pw Xn p- -h\pw kpjn- p- -h-\pamwv ansp-. HØncn kºm-zn- ns m Imcyw... CsX mw ]pgp Xn p-i-bn-t... FSm PohnXw Bkz-Zn- Ww. ChnsS In p kpjw ]c-tem-i-øn In pibn-. Ahn-SpsØ kpjw Chn-sS-bn-. kpjn- p- -h ansp- - m-cm-wv. kpn v Acniw h p, t]sn- n- -W-sa p txm n. sxm -SpØp I Hcp hndip Ij-W-sa-SpØv H p hoin. XpScpw... 30 th Wedding Anniversary tpmkv & Gen-bmΩ 17- mw t]pv XpS... h Kokv ]n. txma-kn-s\-xnsc XymK-cm-P dnt m v snbvxncp p. AXmWv XymK-cm-P-t\m- Sp sshcm-kyw. B sshcmkyw Xo m-\mwv Bfl-lXy sime- ]m-x-i-ambn Nn{Xo-I-cn- -Xv. h Kokv ]n. txma-kmwv Cu tikv Iep-jn-X-am- n-b-xv. Bfp- I-fpsS ssiøsn hmßm th n snbvx-xm-wv. {]mcw-`-l- -Øn ss{iw{_m v Un.-sF.-Pn. tpmk- ^p-ambn I kƒ p snbvx tijw F m ]cn-tim-[-\-iƒ p tijw A`b Bfl-lXy snbvx- Xm-sW XymK-cm-P simspø dnt m n\p tijw Cu tikv kn. _n. sf. Gs -Sp- -cp-xm-bn-cp- p. h Kokv ]n. txmakv sxfn-hp- Iƒ Ir{Xn-a-ambn krjvsn- -XmsW v XymK-cm-P\v t_m[y-am-bn. C m-cy-߃ kn.-_n.-sf.-sl- UvIz t -gvkns\ Adn-bn- p. AXpsIm- mwv \nh Øn-bn- msx Ggp h jw _m n-bp- -t mƒ cmpn sh m \n _- n-x-\m-bxv. A`-b-bpsS acww Bfl-l-Xy-bm- m XymK-cm-P kω ±w snep- Øn-b-Xns\ XpS mwv Xm kn.- _n.-sf.-bn \n pw cmpn sh sx p ]{X-am-[y-a-ß-tfmSp ]d- txm-ss-bmwv bym -Øn tik-t\z-jww A n-a-dn- -s - -Xv. Cu tikv Ct mgpw Fhn-sSbpw FØn-bn- n-. XpS-cpw.. ASpØ e -Øn F. XymK-cm-P, tum. kn. cm[m-irjvw, Ip p-sam-bvxo Ip n F n-h-cpss tej-\-߃. ÿew, hosv, ^vfm v, hn, FtÃ- v, dntkm p-iƒ. dntkm p-iƒ \n Ωn- p- -Xn-\p ÿe-߃ F nh tic-f-øn Fhn-sSbpw \n߃ v Rß-fn-eqsS Is -Ømw... RPAS Associates Near Railway Station Kottayam - 686 002 Kerala, India Phone Mobile: 94958 68350 94471 71458 98478 37578 93495 02583 Email: rpaskottayam@yahoo.in

20 2008 Pqsse 19- \v si n-ep Kn nwkw F ÿeøp h p \S bp.-si. Iv\m\mb ImØ-enIv Atkm-kn-tb-js Ggm-aXv hm jni I h j Zriy-߃ IqSp-X Nn{X-߃ ASpØ e -Øn

21 t^mt m Ab p X Xv U.K. K.C.AbpsS London (North & West) bqwn v sk{i- dn ^n\n txmakv (I-fØns m- n ) I h js kwlm-s-i-cmb UKKCA `mc-hm-ln-iƒ