CURRICULUM COURSE DETAILS

CURRICULUM COURSE DETAILS Course : Biology Board Approved On: 04/11/2006 Subject Area: Grade Level: HS - Science Pre-K Kindergarten Grade 01 Grade 02 Grade 03 Grade 04 Grade 05 Grade 06 Grade 07 Grade 08 X Grade 09 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 Buildings: SJSD Benton High School SJSD Central High School SJSD Lafayette High School Credits: 1 Semester Offered: Year 1st/2nd Sem Next up for Review: 2014 Course Description: This course introduces the study of living organisms. It is a prerequisite for all other biology electives and is assessed by the State of Missouri in an End of Course (EOC) assessment. It includes all theories relevant to biology, the basic physical and chemical structure and function of cells, reproduction of cells, and genetics. The course focuses on the unifying themes in biology of structure and function, energy transformation, change over time, and will help to establish a solid foundation in inquiry-based scientific exploration. *: Indicates items appropriate for Honors Biology. (EOC): Represents Grade Level Expectations (GLE's) for the End of Course (EOC) assessment in Biology PreRequisites: K-8 Science. Open to other students in grades 10-12 with a deficiency in Biology. Course Text Resources: Biology: Holt Biology 2006 (ISBN: 0030740614) *Biology: Modern Biology 2006 (ISBN: 0030651786) Scope on Sequence (SOS): Biology SOS.mht Attachment 1: Secondary Science Executive Summary and Implementation Plan.mht Attachment 2: Biology Cross Referencing Chart.mht Attachment 3: Relevant GLEz 9-11 for Biology.mht Attachment 4: Secondary Science Curriculum Map.pdf Attachment 5: sc_cle_biol_1108.pdf Diagram (A): Page 1 of 12

Diagram (B): Diagram (C): Page 2 of 12

Diagram (D): OBJECTIVE #1 Master Objectives: Nature of Science: Apply the scientific processes, tools, and techniques in solving scientific problems and writing explanations in Biology. Strand: Sci - Scientific Inquiry EOC Items 7.1.A: a. Formulate testable questions and hypotheses 7.1.A: b. Analyzing an experiment, identify the components (i.e., independent variable, dependent variables, control of constants, multiple trials) and explain their importance to the design of a valid experiment 7.1.A: c. Design and conduct a valid experiment DOK: 4 7.1.A: d. Recognize it is not always possible, for practical or ethical reasons, to control some conditions (e.g., when sampling or testing humans, when observing animal behaviors in nature) 7.1.A: g. Evaluate the design of an experiment and make suggestions for reasonable improvements 7.1.B: b. Measure length to the nearest millimeter, mass to the nearest gram, volume to the nearest milliliter, force (weight) to the nearest Newton, temperature to the nearest degree Celsius, time to the nearest second 7.1.B: c. Determine the appropriate tools and techniques to collect, analyze, and interpret data 7.1.B: d. Judge whether measurements and computation of quantities are reasonable 7.1.B: e. Calculate the range, average/mean, percent, and ratios for sets of data 7.1.C: a. Use quantitative and qualitative data as support for reasonable explanations (conclusions) 7.1.C: b. Analyze experimental data to determine patterns, relationships, perspectives, and credibility of explanations (e.g., predict/extrapolate data, explain the relationship between the independent and dependent variable) 7.1.C: c. Identify the possible effects of errors in observations, measurements, and calculations, on the validity and reliability of data and resultant explanations (conclusions) 7.1.C: d. Analyze whether evidence (data) and scientific principles support proposed explanations (laws/principles, theories/models) 7.1.D: a. Communicate the procedures and results of investigations and explanations through: -oral presentations -drawings and maps -data tables (allowing for the recording and analysis of data relevant to the experiment such as independent and dependent variables, multiple trials, beginning and ending times or temperatures, derived quantities) -graphs (bar, single, and multiple line) -equations and writings 7.1.D: c. Explain the importance of the public presentation of scientific work and supporting evidence to the scientific community (e.g., work and evidence must be critiqued, reviewed, and validated by peers; needed for subsequent investigations by peers; results can influence the decisions regarding future scientific work) Benchmark Assessment: Local Assessment Items 7.1.A: e. * Acknowledge some scientific explanations (e.g., explanations of astronomical or meteorological phenomena) cannot be tested using a controlled laboratory experiment, but instead by using a model, due to the limits of the laboratory environment, resources, and/or technologies Page 3 of 12

environment, resources, and/or technologies 7.1.A: f. *Acknowledge there is no fixed procedure called the scientific method, but that some investigations involve systematic observations, carefully collected and relevant evidence, logical reasoning, and some imagination in developing hypotheses and other explanations 7.1.B:a. * Make qualitative and quantitative observations using the appropriate senses, tools and equipment to gather data (e.g., microscopes, thermometers, analog and digital meters, computers, spring scales, balances, metric rulers, graduated cylinders) 7.1.B: f. *Recognize observation is biased by the experiences and knowledge of the observer (e.g., strong beliefs about what should happen in particular circumstances can prevent the detection of other results) 7.1.D: b. *Communicate and defend a scientific argument 8.1.B: a. * Recognize the relationships linking technology and science (e.g., how technological problems may create a demand for new science knowledge, how new technologies make it possible for scientists to extend research and advance science) 8.2.A: a. * Recognize contributions to science are not limited to the work of one particular group, but are made by a diverse group of scientists representing various ethnic and gender groups 8.2.A: b. * Recognize gender and ethnicity of scientists often influence the questions asked and/or the methods used in scientific research and may limit or advance science knowledge and/or technology 8.2.B:a. * Identify and describe how explanations (laws/principles, theories/models) of scientific phenomena have changed over time as a result of new evidence (e.g., cell theory, theories of spontaneous generation and biogenesis, theories of extinction, evolution theory, structure of the cell membrane, genetic theory of inheritance) b. * Identify and analyze current theories that are being questioned, and compare them to new theories that have emerged to challenge older ones (e.g., theories of evolution, extinction, global warming) 8.3.B: a. * Analyze the roles of science and society as they interact to determine the direction of scientific and technological progress (e.g., prioritization of and funding for new scientific research and technological development is determined on the basis of individual, political and social values and needs; understanding basic concepts and principles of science and technology influences debate about the economics, policies, politics, and ethics of various scientific and technological challenges) 8.3.B: b. * Identify and describe major scientific and technological challenges to society and their ramifications for public policy (e.g., global warming, limitations to fossil fuels, genetic engineering of plants, space and/or medical research) 8.3.B: c. * Analyze and evaluate the drawbacks (e.g., design constraints, unintended consequences, risks), benefits, and factors (i.e., social, political, economic, ethical, and environmental) affecting progress toward meeting major scientific and technological challenges (e.g., limitations placed on stem-cell research or genetic engineering, introduction of alien species, deforestation, bioterrorism, nuclear energy, genetic counseling, use of alternative energies for carbon fuels, use of pesticides 8.3.C: a. * Identify and evaluate the need for informed consent in experimentation 8.3.C: b. * Identify the ethical issues involved in experimentation (i.e., risks to organisms or environment) 8.3.C: c. * Identify and evaluate the role of models as an ethical alternative to direct experimentation (e.g., using a model for a stream rather than pouring oil in an existing stream when studying the effects of oil pollution on aquatic plants) 8.3.D: a. * Evaluate a given source for its scientific credibility (e.g., articles in a new periodical quoting an eye witness, a scientist speaking within or outside his/her area of expertise) 8.3.D: b. * Explain why accurate record-keeping, openness, and replication are essential for maintaining an investigator s credibility with other scientists and society Vocabulary: Nature of Science, Themes in Science (Inquiry, Structure is related to Function, Energy Transformation, Adaptation and Evolution), Biological Organization (atoms, molecules, biomolecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms/species, populations, communities, ecosystems, biomes, biosphere), Microscopy, Density, Chromatography, Centrifugation, Electrophoresis, Spectrophotometry. 1-1: Apply the scientific process by formulating testable questions, selecting appropriate investigative methods and tools to test hypotheses, organize and analyze data, and construct, present, and defend scientific explanations. (Ongoing) Lesson 1: 1-1-1-1 The Nature of Science and the Scientific Method 7.1.A.9-11.a-g (EOC) 7.1.B.9-11.a-f (EOC) 7.1.C.9-11.a-d (EOC) 7.1.D.9-11.a-c (EOC) Show me Content/Knowledge standards: SC-7 processes of scientific inquiry (such as formulating and testing hypotheses) Performance/Process Standards: 1.1 develop questions and ideas to initiate and refine research 1.10 apply acquired information, ideas and skills to different contexts as students, workers, citizens and consumers Page 4 of 12

1-2: Relate the various themes in science (ie. science as a process, change over time, energy transfer, continuity and change, relationship of structure to function, regulation, interdependence in nature, science-technology-society) to various levels of biological organization and the characteristics of life. Lesson 1: Themes in Science Lesson 2: Levels of Biological Organization (atoms, molecules, macro(bio)molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms/species, populations, communities, ecosystems, biomes, biosphere) Lesson 3: Characteristics of Life 3.1.C.9-11.a 3.2.D.9-11.c 3.3.B.9-11.b 4.3.B.9-11.b (EOC) 8.1.B.9-11.a 8.2.A.9-11.a-b 8.2.B.9-11.a-b 8.3.B.9-11.b 8.3.C.9-11.a-c 8.3.D.9-11.a-b SC-4 changes in ecosystems and interactions of organisms with their environments SC-7 processes of scientific inquiry (such as formulating and testing hypotheses) Performance/Process Standards: 3.5 reason inductively from a set of specific facts and deductively from general premises Attachment 1: Biology-1-1-1-1.mht Attachment 3: Biology-1-2-1-1 Tools of a Biologist.mht OBJECTIVE #2 Master Objectives: Chemistry of Life: Demonstrate an understanding of the organic and inorganic chemical compounds important in living systems. Strand: Sci - Living Organisms EOC Items 3.2.F: c. Explain how water is important to cells (e.g., is a buffer for body temperature, provides soluble environment for chemical reactions, serves as a reactant in chemical reactions, provides hydration that maintains cell turgidity, maintains protein shape) 3.3.B: a. Describe the chemical and structural properties of DNA (e.g., DNA is a large polymer formed from linked subunits of four kinds of nitrogen bases; genetic information is encoded in genes based on the sequence of subunits; each DNA molecule in a cell forms a single chromosome) (Assess the concepts NOT memorization of nitrogen base pairs) 3.3.B: b. Recognize that DNA codes for proteins, which are expressed as the heritable characteristics of an organism Benchmark Assessment: Local Assessment Items 1.1.I: a. * Compare the mass of the reactants to the mass of the products in a chemical reaction or physical change (e.g., biochemical processes, carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle, nitrogen cycle, decomposition and synthesis reactions involved in a food web) as support for the Law of Conservation of Mass 3.2.B: b. * Relate the structure of organic compounds (e.g., proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, carbohydrates) to their role in living systems 3.2.E: b.* Recognize the function of protein in cell structure and function (i.e., enzyme action, growth and repair of body parts, regulation of cell division and differentiation) Vocabulary: Inorganic, Atoms, Molecules, Ionic/Covalent/Hydrogen Bonds, Polar/Nonpolar, Water, Characteristics of Water (Bipolar, Cohesion, Surface Tension, Adhesion, Capillary Action, HIgh Specific Heat*, High Heat of Vaporization*, Universal Solvent, Neutral ph), Organic, Dehydration Synthesis (Condensation Reaction), Hydrolysis, Monomer, Polymer, Carbohydrate (Mono/Di/Polysaccharide), Lipid (fatty acid, triglyceride, steroid, phospholipid), Amino Acid, Protein, Protein Structure (Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary), Nucleotide, Nucleic Acid 2-1: Explain how the characteristics of water are important to life. Lesson 1: Characteristics of Water Page 5 of 12

1.1.H.9-11.a 3.2.F.9-11.d 5.1.B.9-11.a Show me Content/Knowledge standards: SC-1 properties and principles of matter and energy SC-3 characteristics and interactions of living organisms SC-5 processes (such as plate movement, water cycle, air flow) and interactions of earth s biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere Performance/Process Standards: 1.10 apply acquired information, ideas and skills to different contexts as students, workers, citizens and consumers 2-2: Compare and contrast lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates based on structure and function. Lesson 1: Bio(macro)molecules 1.1.A.9-11.c 3.2.D.9-11.b-c 3.2.E.9-11.b 3.3.B.8-11.a Show me Content/Knowledge standards: SC-1 properties and principles of matter and energy SC-3 characteristics and interactions of living organisms Attachment 1: Biology-2-1-1-1 Water.mht OBJECTIVE #3 Master Objectives: The Cell: Demonstrate an understanding of cellular biology concepts including cell theory, types of cells, structure and function of cell organelles, transport mechanisms, and cellular reproduction. Strand: Sci - Living Organisms EOC Items 3.1.B: a. Recognize cells both increase in number and differentiate, becoming specialized in structure and function, during and after embryonic development 3.1.C: b. Describe the structure of cell parts (e.g., cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, chloroplast, mitochondrion, ribosome, vacuole) found in different types of cells (e.g., bacterial, plant, skin, nerve, blood, muscle) and the functions they perform (e.g., structural support, transport of materials, storage of genetic information, photosynthesis and respiration, synthesis of new molecules, waste disposal) that are necessary to the survival of the cell and organism 3.2.A: c. Explain physical and chemical interactions that occur between organelles (e.g. nucleus, cell membrane, chloroplast, mitochondrion, ribosome) as they carry out life processes 3.2.F: a. Explain the significance of the selectively permeable membrane to the transport of molecules 3.2.F: b. Predict the movement of molecules across a selectively permeable membrane (i.e., diffusion, osmosis, active transport) needed for a cell to maintain homeostasis given concentration gradients and different sizes of molecules 3.3.C: a. Recognize the chromosomes of daughter cells, formed through the processes of asexual reproduction and mitosis, the formation of somatic (body) cells in multicellular organisms, are identical to the chromosomes of the parent cell 3.3.C: b. Recognize that during meiosis, the formation of sex cells, chromosomes are reduced to half the number present in the parent cell 3.3.C: c. Explain how fertilization restores the diploid number of chromosomes 3.3.D: a. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of asexual and sexual reproduction with regard to variation within a population Benchmark Assessment: Local Assessment Items 3.1.B: b.* Identify factors (e.g., biochemical, temperature) that may affect the differentiation of cells and the development of an organism 3.1.C: a. * Recognize all organisms are composed of cells, the fundamental units of structure and function 3.2.A: a. *Compare and contrast the structure and function of mitochondria and chloroplasts 3.2.A: b. *Compare and contrast the structure and function of cell wall and cell membranes 3.3.A: a.* Distinguish between asexual (i.e., binary fission, budding, cloning) and sexual reproduction Vocabulary: Cell, Cell Theory, Prokaryote, Eukaryote, Plant/Animal cell, Plasma (cell) Membrane, Fluid Mosaic Model, Organelle, Nucleus, Ribosome, Chloroplast, Mitochondria, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Body (Apparatus), Vacuole, Vessicle, Lysosome, Centriole, Flagella, Cilia, Passive/Active Transport, Diffusion, Osmosis, Endo/Exocytosis, Cell Cycle, DNA, Chromosome, Haploid, Diploid, Page 6 of 12

Flagella, Cilia, Passive/Active Transport, Diffusion, Osmosis, Endo/Exocytosis, Cell Cycle, DNA, Chromosome, Haploid, Diploid, Mitosis (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase), Daughter Cell, Meiosis, Crossing Over, Gamete. 3-1: Compare and contrast different types of cells (prokaryotic and eukaryotic, plant and animal) Lesson 1: The Cell Theory and the Basic Types of Cells 3.1.C.9-11.a 3-2: Compare and contrast the structure and function of cellular organelles (nucleus, cell membrane, cell wall, mitochondria, chloroplast, ribosomes, vacuole, cytoplasm) in different types of cells (e.g., bacterial, plant, skin, nerve, blood, muscle). Lesson 1: Cell Structures 3.1.C.9-11.b (EOC) 3.2.A.9-11.a-c (EOC) 3.2.E.9-11.b 3-3: Compare and contrast ways in which cells transport materials in and out of the cell. Lesson 1: Transport Mechanisms 3.2.F.9-11.a-d (EOC) 3-4: Compare and contrast the cellular reproductive processes (budding, cloning, binary fission, mitosis, and meiosis) and their goals (growth, development, specialization, fertilization, variability). Lesson 1: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis Lesson 2: Meiosis 3.1.B.9-11.a-b (EOC) 3.2.E.9-11.b 3.3.A.9-11.a (EOC) 3.3.C.9-11.a-c (EOC) 3.3.D.9-11.a (EOC) Attachment 3: Biology-3-3-1-1 Transport.mht Attachment 5: Biology-3-4-1-1 reproduction.mht OBJECTIVE #4 Master Objectives: Bioenergetics: Demonstrate an understanding of the major bioenergetic processes that occur inside the cell and their role in the transformation of energy in living systems. Strand: Sci - Living Organisms EOC Items: 3.2.B: a. Explain the interrelationship between the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration (e.g., recycling of oxygen and Page 7 of 12

3.2.B: a. Explain the interrelationship between the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration (e.g., recycling of oxygen and carbon dioxide), comparing and contrasting photosynthesis and cellular respiration reactions (Do NOT assess intermediate reactions) 3.2.B: b. Determine what factors affect the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration (i.e., light intensity, availability of reactants, temperature) 4.2.A: c. Predict how the use and flow of energy will be altered due to changes in a food web Benchmark Assessment: Local Assessment Items: 1.1.I: a. * Compare the mass of the reactants to the mass of the products in a chemical reaction or physical change (e.g., biochemical processes, carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle, nitrogen cycle, decomposition and synthesis reactions involved in a food web) as support for the Law of Conservation of Mass 1.2.F: a. * Classify the different ways to store energy (i.e., chemical, nuclear, thermal, mechanical, electromagnetic) and describe the transfer of energy as it changes from kinetic to potential, while the total amount of energy remains constant, within a system (e.g., biochemical processes, carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle, nitrogen cycle, food web) 3.2.D: a. * Summarize how energy transfer occurs during photosynthesis and cellular respiration as energy is stored in and released from the bonds of chemical compounds (i.e. ATP) 3.2.D: c. * Recognize energy is absorbed or released in the breakdown and/or synthesis of organic compounds 3.2.D: d. * Explain how protein enzymes affect chemical reactions (e.g., the breakdown of food molecules, growth and repair, regulation) 3.2.D: e. * Interpret a data table showing the effects of an enzyme on a biochemical reaction 4.2.A: a. * Illustrate and describe the flow of energy within a food web 4.2.A: b. * Explain why there are generally more producers than consumers in an energy pyramid 4.2.B: a. * Explain the processes involved in the recycling of nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon through an ecosystem 4.2.B.: b. * Explain the importance of the recycling of nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon within an ecosystem Vocabulary: Metabolism, Anabolic/Catabolic, Endergonic/Exergonic, Catalyst, Activation Energy, Enzyme, Substrate, Active Site, ATP, Plant Pigments, Visible Light, Absorption Spectrum, Photosynthesis, Light Dependent/Independent (Calvin Cycle) Reactions, Aerobic/Anaerobic Respiration, *Chemiosmosis, Carbon/Oxygen Cycle, 10% Rule 4-1: Explain the role of enzymes in metabolism. Lesson 1: Enzymes 1.1.H.9-11.b 3.2.D.9-11.c-e Show me Content/Knowledge standards: SC-1 properties and principles of matter and energy SC-3 characteristics and interactions of living organisms Performance/Process Standards: 3.5 reason inductively from a set of specific facts and deductively from general premises 4-2: Compare and contrast the processes, factors that affect, and the importance of photosynthesis and cellular respiration in the transformation of energy in ecosystems. Lesson 1: Role of ATP Lesson 2: Plant Pigments Lesson 3: Photosynthesis Lesson 4: Cellular Respiration Lesson 5: Carbon/Oxygen Cycle and the Transformation of Energy in Ecosystems 1.2.A.9-11.g 1.2.C.9-11.a-b 3.2.A.9-11.a (EOC) 3.2.B.9-11.a-c (EOC) 3.2.D.9-11.a,c 4.2.A.9-11.b-c (EOC) 4.2.B.9-11.b (EOC) Show me Content/Knowledge standards: SC-1 properties and principles of matter and energy SC-3 characteristics and interactions of living organisms SC-4 changes in ecosystems and interactions of organisms with their environments Attachment 1: Biololgy-4-1-1-1 Enzymes.mht Attachment 5: Page 8 of 12

Attachment 5: Biology-4-2-2-1.mht OBJECTIVE #5 Master Objectives: Genetics: Demonstrate an understanding of the fundamentals of molecular and Mendelian genetics. Strand: Sci - Living Organisms EOC Items 3.3.B: a. Describe the chemical and structural properties of DNA (e.g., DNA is a large polymer formed from linked subunits of four kinds of nitrogen bases; genetic information is encoded in genes based on the sequence of subunits; each DNA molecule in a cell forms a single chromosome) (Assess the concepts NOT memorization of nitrogen base pairs) 3.3.B: b. Recognize that DNA codes for proteins, which are expressed as the heritable characteristics of an organism 3.3.B: e. Identify possible external causes (e.g., heat, radiation, certain chemicals) and effects of DNA mutations (e.g., altered proteins which may affect chemical reactions and structural development) 3.3.E: a. Explain how genotypes (heterozygous and homozygous) contribute to phenotypic variation within a species 3.3.E: b. Predict the probability of the occurrence of specific traits, including sex-linked traits, in an offspring by using a monohybrid cross Benchmark Assessment: Local Assessment Items 3.2.E: Explain how the DNA code determines the sequence of amino acids necessary for protein synthesis Recognize the function of protein in cell structure and function (i.e., enzyme action, growth and repair of body parts, regulation of cell division and differentiation) 3.3.B: c. * Recognize that degree of relatedness can be determined by comparing DNA sequences 3.3.B: d. * Explain how an error in the DNA molecule (mutation) can be transferred during replication 3.3.C: d. * Identify the implications of human sex chromosomes for sex determination 3.3.D: b.* Describe how genes can be altered and combined to create genetic variation within a species (e.g., mutation, recombination of genes) 3.3.D: c.* Recognize that new heritable characteristics can only result from new combinations of existing genes or from mutations of genes in an organism s sex cells 3.3.E: c. * Explain how sex-linked traits may or may not result in the expression of a genetic disorder (e.g., hemophilia, muscular dystrophy, color blindness) depending on gender Vocabulary: DNA, DNA Replication, RNA (mrna, trna), Codon/Anti Codon, Protein Synthesis (Transcription, RNA Processing, Translation), Mutations, *Introns/Exons, *Virus, *Bacteriophage, *Restriction Enzyme, Biotechnology, Allele, Trait, Dominant, Recessive, Homozygous, Heterozygous, Genotype, Phenotype, Incomplete/Codominance, Probability, Monohybrid/Dihybrid Cross, Multiple Allele, Sex Determination, Sex-Linked Traits, Pedigree, Karyotype. 5-1: Explain the interrelationships that exist between DNA, RNA, Protein, and Trait Lesson 1: DNA and DNA Replication Lesson 2: RNA and Protein Synthesis Lesson 3: Role of Mutations Lesson 4: Role of the Nitrogen Cycle 3.2.E.9-11.a 3.3.B.9-11.a-e (EOC) 3.3.D.9-11.b (EOC) 4.2.B.9-119-11.b (EOC) 5-2: Utilize various biotechnology principles to analyze various genomes and discuss their social, ethical, and evolutionary implications. Lesson 1: *Viral Genetics and the Actions of Restriction Enzymes Lesson 2: Biotechnology Applications (Paternity Testing, Species Relatedness, etc.) Lesson 3: Social and Ethical Issues of Genetic Engineering 3.3.B.9-11.c (EOC) Page 9 of 12

3.3.B.9-11.c (EOC) 8.1.B.9-11.a 8.1.C.9-11.a 8.3.B.9-11.a-c 8.3.C.9-11.b Performance/Process Standards: 1.10 apply acquired information, ideas and skills to different contexts as students, workers, citizens and consumers 5-3: Apply the principles of Mendelian inheritance to synthesize how traits are passed from parent to offspring. Lesson 1: Mendelian Genetics - Principles and Applications (mono/dihybrid crosses) Lesson 2: Mendelian Genetics 2 - Advanced Principles and Applications 3.3.C.9-11.d 3.3.E.9-11.a-b (EOC) 3.3.E.9-11.c Performance/Process Standards: 3.5 reason inductively from a set of specific facts and deductively from general premises OBJECTIVE #6 Master Objectives: Evolution: Demonstrate an understanding of the various processes and mechanisms concerning evolution as they apply to modern taxonomic systems. Strand: Sci - Ecology EOC Items 4.1.A: a. Explain the nature of interactions between organisms in predator/prey relationships and different symbiotic relationships (i.e., mutualism, commensalisms, parasitism) 4.1.A: b. Explain how cooperative (e.g., symbiotic) and competitive (e.g., predator/prey) relationships help maintain balance within an ecosystem 4.1.B: a. Identify and explain the limiting factors (biotic and abiotic) that may affect the carrying capacity of a population within an ecosystem 4.1.D: a. Predict the impact (beneficial or harmful) a natural or human caused environmental event (e.g., forest fire, flood, volcanic eruption, avalanche, acid rain, global warming, pollution, deforestation, introduction of an exotic species) may have on the diversity of different species in an ecosystem 4.3.B: b. Explain the importance of reproduction to the survival of a species (i.e., the failure of a species to reproduce will lead to extinction of that species) 4.3.C: a. Identify examples of adaptations that may have resulted from variations favored by natural selection (e.g., long-necked giraffes, long-eared jack rabbits) and describe how that variation may have provided populations an advantage for survival 4.3.C: c. Explain how environmental factors (e.g., habitat loss, climate change, pollution, introduction of non-native species) can be agents of natural selection Benchmark Assessment: Local Assessment Items: 4.1.A: c. * Explain why no two species can occupy the same niche in a community (The functional role of a species is not limited to its placement along a food pyramid; it also includes the interactions of a species with other organisms while obtaining food. For example, the methods used to tolerate the physical factors of its environment, such as climate, water, nutrients, soils, and parasites, are all part of its functional role. In other words, the ecological niche of an organism is its natural history: all the interactions and interrelationships of the species with other organisms and the environment.) 4.1.B: b.* Predict how populations within an ecosystem may change in number and/or structure in response to hypothesized changes in biotic and/or abiotic factors 4.1.C: a. * Devise a multi-step plan to restore the stability and/or biodiversity of an ecosystem when given a scenario describing the possible adverse effects of human interactions with that ecosystem (e.g., destruction caused by direct harvesting, pollution, atmospheric changes) 4.1.C: b. * Predict and explain how natural or human caused changes (biological, chemical and/or physical) in one ecosystem may affect other ecosystems due to natural mechanisms (e.g., global wind patterns, water cycle, ocean currents) 4.1.D: b.* Describe possible causes of extinction of a population 4.3.A: a. * Interpret fossil evidence to explain the relatedness of organisms using the principles of superposition and fossil correlation 4.3.A: b. * Evaluate the evidence that supports the theory of biological evolution (e.g., fossil records, similarities between DNA and protein structures, similarities between developmental stages of organisms, homologous and vestigial Page 10 of 12

DNA and protein structures, similarities between developmental stages of organisms, homologous and vestigial structures) 4.3.B: a. * Define a species in terms of the ability to mate and produce fertile offspring 4.3.C: b. * Explain how genetic homogeneity may cause a population to be more susceptible to extinction (e.g., succumbing to a disease for which there is no natural resistance) 4.3.C: d. * Given a scenario describing an environmental change, hypothesize why a given species was unable to survive 5.3.A: a. * Predict local and/or global effects of environmental changes when given a scenario describing how the composition of the geosphere, hydrosphere, or atmosphere is altered by natural phenomena or human activities 5.3.A: b. * Recognize how the geomorphology of Missouri (i.e., different types of Missouri soil and rock materials such as limestone, granite, clay, loam; land formations such as Karst (cave) formations, glaciated plains, river channels) affects the survival of organisms 6.1.B: a. * Explain how Earth s environmental characteristics and location in the universe (e.g., atmosphere, temperature, orbital path, magnetic field, mass-gravity, location in solar system) provide a life-supporting environment Vocabulary: Niche, Evolution, Population, Paleontology, Fossils, Comparitive/Absolute Dating, Law of Superposition, Half-Life, Comparitive Anatomy, Homologous/Analogous/Vestigial Structures, Comparitive Embryology, Comparitive Biochemistry, Genetics, Mutation, Genetic Recombination, Lamarck, Darwin, Natural Selection, Descent with Modification, Adaptation (Morphological, Physiological, Behavioral), Hardy-Weinberg Principle, Isolation, Extinction, Continental Drift, Speciation, Subspecies, Convergence, Divergence, Coevolution, Symbiosis (Commensalism, Mutualism, Parasitism), Biodiversity, Taxonomy, Systematics, Hierarchy of Classification (Kingdom-Species), Dichotomous Key, Cladogram, Phylogeny, Domains of Life (Archea, Eubacteria, Eukarya), Classification 6-1: Categorize the various study areas that provide evidence that populations have changed over time. Lesson 1: Evidence for Change - Fossils Lesson 2: Evidence for Change 2 - Comparitive Studies and Genetics 3.3.B.9-11.c (EOC) 4.3.A.9-11.a-b 5.1.D.9-11.a 5.2.A.9-11.a 5.2.D.9-11.a Show me Content/Knowledge standards: SC-4 changes in ecosystems and interactions of organisms with their environments Performance/Process Standards: 1.10 apply acquired information, ideas and skills to different contexts as students, workers, citizens and consumers 6-2: Evaluate how the early works of scientists and the various areas of evidence provide the framework for Darwin's modern theory of evolution by natural selection. Lesson 1: Evaluating the Science - Redi, Spallanzani, Needham, Pasteur, Lamarck, and Darwin 8.2.A.9-11.a-b 8.2.B.9-11.a-b Show me Content/Knowledge standards: SC-4 changes in ecosystems and interactions of organisms with their environments SC-8 impact of science, technology and human activity on resources and the environmentsc-4 changes in ecosystems and interactions of organisms with their environments. Performance/Process Standards: 1.7 evaluate the accuracy of information and the reliability of its sources 3.4 evaluate the processes used in recognizing and solving problems 6-3: Recognize that a change in the requirements for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium results in natural selection. Lesson 1: Hardy-Weinberg Principle and Adaptations Lesson 2: The effects of limiting factors, natural or human-caused events, on characteristics of populations (carrying capacity, gene pool, niche, extinction) and biodiversity. 3.3.D.9-11.a-c 4.1.B.9-11.a-b (EOC) 4.1.C.9-11.a (EOC) 4.1.D.9-11.a (EOC) 4.3.C.9-11.a-c (EOC) Show me Content/Knowledge standards: SC-4 changes in ecosystems and interactions of organisms Page 11 of 12

Show me Content/Knowledge standards: SC-4 changes in ecosystems and interactions of organisms with their environments Performance/Process Standards: 1.10 apply acquired information, ideas and skills to different contexts as students, workers, citizens and consumers 6-4: Explain how the theory of continental drift may result in geographic isolation and speciation. Lesson 1: Speciation 4.3.B.9-11.a 4.3.B.9-11.b (EOC) 4.3.C.9-11.d (EOC) 4.3.C.9-11.e 5.2.B.9-11.a-b,e-f Show me Content/Knowledge standards: SC-4 changes in ecosystems and interactions of organisms with their environments SC-5 processes (such as plate movement, water cycle, air flow) and interactions of earth s biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere Performance/Process Standards: 3.5 reason inductively from a set of specific facts and deductively from general premises 6-5: Compare and contrast the various patterns of natural selection and explain how they affect the balance of an ecosystem. Lesson 1: Patterns of Evolution (Stabilizing, Diversifying, Directional; Divergence, Convergence, Coevolution) Lesson 2: Complex relationships in the ecosystem (predator/prey, symbiosis: commensalism, mutualism, parasitism, cooperative, competitive) 4.1.A.9-11.a-b (EOC) Show me Content/Knowledge standards: SC-4 changes in ecosystems and interactions of organisms with their environments 6-6: Describe the basis for the modern system of classification. 3.1.E.9-11.a-b Attachment 3: Biology-6-1-2-1 AA Sequences.mht Page 12 of 12