Landforms from Volcanoes Lesson Concept Link Volcanoes are classified by how they are formed (quiet or explosive eruption) and the resulting land formation (shield, cinder cone, or composite/stratovolcano). Lesson 6.15 provides models for how forces erupt a volcano. Lesson 6.16 builds on the eruption models in 6.15 and explains the different land formations that result from quiet or explosive eruptions. Lesson 6.17 links all seismic activity from earthquakes and volcanoes that result in changes on the Earth. Time 75 minutes Materials Advance Preparation Whole Class Overhead projector/document Camera Laptop computer connected to projector Partner Students H1a-c Pictures with types of volcanoes H2 Individual Cards with titles of volcanoes H3 Volcano foldable H4 Rubric for foldable Colored Pencils Science Text Resources R1 Teacher Background 1. Locate science chapter on types of volcanoes in text. 2. Duplicate and cut out picture cards of volcanoes H1a-c and titles cards on H2. 3. Duplicate volcano foldable (H3) for each student. 4. Duplicate rubric for foldable (H4). 5. Read through teacher background on R1. 6. Preview website: http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/volc/types.html 6.16 Landforms from Volcanoes: Earthquakes/Volcanoes: 1 Science Matters
Procedure Engage: (10 minutes) Volcanoes are not all alike and different forces form different volcano shapes. 1. Ask students to think about how different eruptions with the model of Alka Seltzer. With your partner, discuss the different landforms that might result from each type of eruption. Chart student ideas. 2. Display the USGS web site http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/volc/types.html, which depicts the different types of volcanoes. What is the difference between the different volcanoes? What caused the differences? Add to chart. 3. Ask students to think, pair, share the following questions: How would you recognize a cinder volcano? How would you recognize a shield volcano? How would you recognize a composite/stratovolcano? Chart student criteria for each volcano types. Teacher Note: It may be necessary to refer back to the United States Geological Survey website referenced above. Cite examples of each of these types of volcanoes. cinder volcano-paricutin in Mexico composite/stratovolcano- Mt. St. Helens, shield volcano- Kilauea and Mauna Loa in Hawaii. Explore (10 minutes) Volcanoes are classified into three types: cinder, shield, and composite/stratovolcano. 4. Distribute cut out H1 a-c (Volcano Pictures) and cut out cards H2 (Volcano Title Labels) to partners in the class. Ask students to think about what they saw in the video and sort the pictures into three categories: cinder, shield, and composite/stratovolcano. 5. Debrief sorting by asking the following questions: Which volcano pictures were easy to sort? Which volcano pictures were difficult to sort? Is there anything we should add to our criteria chart to make sorting easier? Explain (35 minutes) Types of Volcanoes Reference Foldable Book. 6. Distribute H3 (Volcano Foldable). Ask each student to make a foldable for recording information. 7. Use textbook pages (own text) as a reference for information on types of volcanoes. Ask students to develop the foldable book on volcanoes including the following information: three types of volcanoes, drawings that match the type, description of volcano and an example. Extend (15 minutes) Feedback on foldable book. 8. Ask each student to display volcano foldable on his/her desk. 6.16 Landforms from Volcanoes: Earthquakes/Volcanoes: 2 Science Matters
9. Ask students to exchange foldable books with a partner to evaluate one another s work using H4 (rubric). Evaluate: (5 minutes) Volcanoes are recognized based on their formation, shapes and materials, which are deposited during an eruption. 10. Ask students to return the rubric and foldable book to their partner. 11. Ask students to self-evaluate his/her own work and his/her partner s comments. Ask students to make adjustments to his/her foldable making sure all components of the rubric are included. 12. Ask students to write a paragraph justifying the score he/she gave himself/herself. 6.16 Landforms from Volcanoes: Earthquakes/Volcanoes: 3 Science Matters
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"# Teacher Background: Volcanoes are typically found at the fault lines between tectonic plates. There can be active volcanoes, which are currently, or have recently erupted. There are also dormant volcanoes, which haven t erupted recently, and extinct volcanoes, which will never erupt again. There are 3 major types of volcanoes: Cinder Cone Volcanoes These are the simplest type of volcano. They occur when particles and blobs of lava are ejected from a volcanic vent. The lava is blown violently into the air, and the pieces rain down around the vent. Over time, this builds up a circular or oval-shaped cone, with a bowl-shaped crater at the top. Cinder cone volcanoes rarely grow larger than about 1,000 feet above their surroundings. Composite/Strata Volcanoes Composite volcanoes, or stratovolcanoes, make up some of the world s most memorable mountains: Mount Rainier, Mount Fuji, and Mount Cotopaxi, for example. These volcanoes have a conduit system inside them that channels magma from deep within the Earth to the surface. They can have clusters of vents, with lava breaking through walls, or issuing from fissures on the sides of the mountain. With all this material coming out, they can grow thousands of meters tall. As we ve seen with the famous Mount Saint Helens, composite volcanoes can explode violently. Shield Volcanoes These are large, broad volcanoes that look like shields from above hence the name. The lava that pours out of shield volcanoes is thin, so it can travel for great distances down the shallow slopes of the volcano. These volcanoes build up slowly over time, with hundreds of eruptions, creating many layers. They re not likely to explode catastrophically. Perhaps the best-known shield volcanoes are the ones that make up the Hawaiian Islands, especially Mauna Loa and Mauna Kea 6.16 Landforms from Volcanoes: Earthquakes/Volcanoes: 10 Science Matters