Inernaional Journal of Traffic and Transporaion Engineering 04, 3(4: 84-88 DOI: 0593/jije0403040 Simulaion Model for he Monioring Sysem of Air Brake of he Train and Deermining he Place of Breakage Oleksandr Mokin, Borys Mokin, Yuriy Lobaiuk Deparmen of Renewable Energy and Transpor Elecrical Sysems and Complexes, Vinnysia Naional Technical Universiy, Vinnysia, 0, Ukraine Absrac The paper presens simulaion model for he monioring of he rain line of he rain air brake sysem by which he search of he breakage of his rain line could be easily auomaed There had been designed block diagram of he simulaion model and i s realizaion by MATLAB Simulink Keywords he Simulaion Model, he Train, he Air Brake, he Train Line, he Poin of Breakage Inroducion During he process of elecric rain moion in inermediae connecions under he influence of vibraions (and also under addiional rail deflecions a curves and air masses vorices ha can be sauraed wih solid paricles aken by vorices from gauge line surface breaks may emerge across which he leakage of compressed air from rain line and pressure loss can occur I should be noed ha one of he main ypes of rain brakes is he brake sysem wih auomaic indirec brake, characerisic feaure of which, as shown in [], is ha hey are riggered auomaically wihou he driver in any decrease of pressure in he rain line wheher i occurs acivaing rain emergency brake, he rain line breakage or separaion of inermediae joins і n- n Figure Simplified funcional diagram of elecric rain Afer breakage of he rain line he rain mus sop (before reaching he saion and mechanic visually or aurally has o idenify he locaion of he breakage This procedure disrups he schedule of all rains on his secion of he railway So i s very imporan ask o quickly find a place of breakage of rain line Tha s why his paper presens creaion of measuring sysem for monioring of air brake rain line and deermining he disance o he place of breakage In paper [] had been suggesed o solve he problem of auomaic finding place of breakage in he air brake line of he rain using a mahemaical model Corresponding auhor: halfmoonligh89@gmailcom (Yuriy Lobaiuk Published online a hp://journalsapuborg/ije Copyrigh 04 Scienific & Academic Publishing All Righs Reserved p(x, p(x, 8πμ d p(x, - - = 0, ( x v Sρv ha describes he process of change of pressure p( x, along he rain line wih a cross-secion S and wih an open end of he rain line on he coordinae x and ime in he absence of inermediae air leaks hrough is wall, where v he speed of he sound in compressed air of he rain line, he densiy, d dynamic coefficien of viscosiy of he compressed air (figure Solving his equaion we have obained he formula for deermining he coordinaes of he poin of breakage or crack of he rain line which couning from he elecric locomoive s dashboard where k (0 n p (x, x o = -, p (0, о 8pm k d (0 Srk (0 could be calculaed from p (0, k (0= p (0,, which for ime when here is he breakage of he rain line p (0, k =, - p (0, and on he basis of which for he wo momens of ime advancing afer he ime of he breakage of rain line we can wrie an equaion ( (3 (4,
Inernaional Journal of Traffic and Transporaion Engineering 04, 3(4: 84-88 85 p (0, p (0, = (5 - p (0, - p (0, Expressions (, (3, (4, (5 are iniial condiions for us o solve he problem of creaing a simulaion model for he monioring of he rain line of he air brake sysem of he rain whereby easily could be auomaed he search of he breakage of he rain line x=0 - D S x x=x О Figure Simplified funcional diagram of he secion of air brake sysem of elecric rain from he locomoive o he breakage However, aking ino accoun he mahemaical model described by expression ( le us focusing on he condiions under which his model can be used Namely he absence of air leakage hrough he walls and inflow of compressed air ino he rain line Therefore i is necessary o pay special aenion o he processes occurring wih air brake sysem of he rain during movemen under differen condiions and o he appropriae acions of locomoive driver To do his, le s briefly review some of he basic design elemens of he rain air brake sysem and he feaures of is work Basic acions o manage he air brake sysem are performed using a conrol valve CV (see figure 3 I has seven fixed posiions of he handle: I compression, charging; II moving; III shudown wihou feeding; IV shudown wih feeding; Va slow decompression; V full service braking; VI emergency braking [4] The sysem also includes he air disribuor and reserve ank RT Air disribuor consiss of he pison and he spool valve and works on he principle of differenial pressure Seing driver s crane in Va, V or VI posiion he driver connecs he brake line o he amosphere Brake pressure begins o decrease and he pison of he air disribuor begins o move o he lef side because from he righ side i is aced upon pressure from he sorage ank Afer moving o he lef posiion he spool valve gives he way for compressed air from he reserve ank RT o fill he brake cylinder 3 and hus increase pressure in i As a resul, he plunger of he brake cylinder 3 hrough linkage presses he brake lining o he wheel For brake release driver ses he handle in I posiion This leads o ha he pressure of he supply line is going o he brake line Then he spool valve of he air disribuor moves oward he righ, hereby connecing he caviy of he brake cylinder wih he amosphere and unblocking he wheel The las acion also leads o he replenishmen of he reserve ank by required pressure I is no always necessary ha he brake is fully riggered or released So driver parially replenishes or relieves pressure of he brake line To fix he paricular effor of he brakes III and IV posiion of he crane driver are used In he IV posiion (shudown wih feeding all unauhorized leakage of air from he brake line are replenished During he movemen of he rain he handle of he driver s crane is in he II (moving or IV (shudown wih feeding posiion Under hese condiions he brake line is in he charged sae and unauhorized air leakage are compensaed from main reservoirs for prevening pressure reducion and unauhorized braking of he rain C Main ank CV Locomoive RT Am 4 Car RT Am (С compressor, CV conrol valve, RT reserve ank; supply line of he rain line, brake line of he rain line, 3 brake cylinder, 4 end valve, 5 connecing sleeve, 6 air disribuor Figure 3 Schemaic diagram of he rain air brake The feaure of he rain air brake sysem is ha a pressure decrease in brake line o 0 bar compressor swiches on and a he same ime he alarm in he driver s cab wih indicaor ligh «Breakage of he rain line»urns on Thus, when here is an emergency he air pressure in he supply line los as a resul of breaking he brake line bu hrough a shor period of ime i will begin o recover by he pressure of air coming from he main anks And for replenishmen of he main anks wih compressed air he compressor sars o work consanly wha could be an addiional sign of an emergency 3 6 5
86 Oleksandr Mokin e al: Simulaion Model for he Monioring Sysem of Air Brake of he Train and Deermining he Place of Breakage I should be noed ha in he case of rain line breakage he air volume in he main ank (00 liers under a pressure of 9 bar and he compressors will be able o mainain he air brake sysem in a charged sae However, i is clear ha he braking sysem in rain cars beyond he break poin will be discharged and he brake linkage as a resul of he discharge will be in a locked sae leading o emergency braking or separaion from hose cars ha are beyond he poin of breakage p ( x, o p (0, x o 8 d S p (0, p (0, Figure 4 Block diagram of he mahemaic model for he breakage poin deerminaion of he rain line of he air brake sysem
Inernaional Journal of Traffic and Transporaion Engineering 04, 3(4: 84-88 87 0980^5 Amospher pressure Produc Mah Funcion Produc7 Display 50^5 Pneum line pressure 834 8 000 34 SpeedSound - Consan Coef viscosiy CrossArea AirDensiy Produc Gain Produc3 Produc5 u Produc4 Sqr Produc6 Produc Consan7 50^5 Press Produc8 Mah Funcion 450^5 Press Produc9 Mah Funcion Produc0 Produc Time 7 Time Consan0 Produc Produc3 Main Resuls To consruc he block diagram of he simulaion model based on expressions (, (3, (4, (5 firs need o find he value of fixed ime (explicily For his we use he expression (5, from which Figure 5 Block diagram of he simulaion model in MATLAB Simulink = p (0, p (0, - p (0, p (0, (6 p (0, p (0, - p (0, p (0,
88 Oleksandr Mokin e al: Simulaion Model for he Monioring Sysem of Air Brake of he Train and Deermining he Place of Breakage Nex, le s pay aenion o he fac ha, as shown in [], is equal o he pressure in he rain parameer p ( 0, line of he air brake sysem before he breakage (so i equals o normaive pressure for his braking sysem and a he same ime also acs as a parameer p (0, p (x о, and parameer is equal o he pressure in he rain line in he poin of breakage, ie is equal o amospheric and simulaneously acs as a parameer p (x о, Based on he expressions (, (3, (4, (6 and on he above remarks (concerning he pressure in he beginning of he brake line before he breakage and he pressure in he poin of breakage a his line he block diagram of mahemaical model for deermining he poin of breakage of he rain line of he air brake sysem will have he form shown in Fig 4 Therefore, o provide he condiions under which he mahemaical model ( could be applied as well as correcness of he algorihm of he diagnosing based on his model we have o selec he momens of ime and when pressure has already begun o decline bu he compressor ha fills he main air reservoirs hasn enabled p (0, p (0, ye Pressure values, are he respecive inermediae pressure values aken from he curve of is decrease in case of he breakage of he rain line As a sofware environmen for simulaion modeling of he rain line of he air brake sysem of he rain le s use compuing environmen MATLAB Simulink [3] Fig 5 shows a screensho of he simulaion model The names of he blocks on Fig 5 and heir meanings: «Pnev mag pressure» he pressure in he inac rain line; «Pres», «Pres» and «Time», «Time» he values of pressure and ime from he curve of dependence beween pressure and ime Blocks «Coef viscosiy», «CrossArea», «AirDensiy» and «Speed Sound» conain values of he coefficien of viscosiy, cross-secional area of he pipe of he rain line and he speed of he sound correspondingly The value of he coordinaes of he poin of breakage of he rain line displayed on he uni display informaion «Display» 3 Conclusions Based on general mahemaical model describing change of pressure in he rain line of he air brake sysem of he rain here had been creaed he deailed mahemaical model appropriae for deermining he poin of breakage of he rain line as well as he block diagram for he simulaion modeling There had been analyzed he principles of operaion of he air brake sysem, deermined condiions and suggesed soluions ha allow he conrol sysem o work correcly On he basis of a deailed mahemaical model using MATLAB Simulink here had been designed he simulaion model appropriae for deermining he place of breakage of he rain line of he air brake sysem and for developing a device ha will be insalled in he driver s cab for providing auomaic process of deermining he poin of breakage REFERENCES [] V I Krylov, V V Krylov Auomaic Brake of Rolling Sock, M: Transpor, 983, 360 p [] O B Mokin, B I Mokin, Y A Lobaiuk, V A Lobaiuk Synhesis of Mahemaical Model for Diagnosics of Pneumaic Brake Sysem of Elecric Train, Scienific Works of Vinnysia Naional Technical Universiy, 03, [3] Yu Lazarev Modeling of processes and sysems in MATLAB Training course, Sain Peersburg: Peer; Kiev: Publishing Group BHV, 005, 5 p [4] E I Galay, EE Galay Braking sysems of railway ranspor Srucure of braking equipmen: sudy guide, Belarusian Sae Universiy of Transpor, Gomel, BelSUT, 00