390 SURFACTANT ADSORPTION AND SURFACE SOLUBILIZATION Stanford University, 217 Unilever Research, 196 Universidad de Granada, 374 Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, 36 University of Alabama, 153 University of Bristol, 196 University of Melbourne, 255 University of Newcastle, 255 University of Oklahoma, 49,67 University of Southern Mississippi, 280 University of Toronto, 374 University of Wisconsin, 22 Wageningen Agricultural University, 78 Zeneca Agrochemicals, 166 Subject Index Acidic zwitterionic surfactants, 2 Admicellar catalysis, 67-76 acidic hydrolysis, 67-75 adsolubilization, 69-74 adsorption measurement procedure, 68-69 buffer concentration vs. rate constant, 74,75/ critical micelle concentration, 70,71/ description, 67-68 experimental procedure, 68-70 kinetics measurement procedure, 69-70 ph vs. rate constant, 72-73 previous studies, 68 Admicelles description, 3,68 formation, 3,50 solubilization capacity, 13 structure, 50 Adsolubilization, 49-66 alcohols, 55,57-65 alkanes into SDS admicelles, 50-56 applications, 13-14,50 comparison to solubilization, 50,51/64,66 description, 36 evidence for surfactant aggregate occurrence, 12-13 expected results, 50-56 future work, 66 2-naphthol on hexadecylpyridinium chloride adsorbed aggregates, 36-47 oil, silica-water interface, 231-239 role on rate constant of admicellar catalysis, 74 Adsolubilization Continued two-state model, 12-13 unexpected results, 55,57-65 Adsolubilization constant, 69 Adsorbed amphiphilic compounds, 231 Adsorbed layer structure, self-consistent field lattice theory for association and adsorption, 79-80 Adsorption AFM measurements, 255-265 cationic surfactants, effects of porosity, 36-^2 definition, 272 determination of role of anchor group of surfactant in effectiveness as steric stabilizers, 166-181 ionic surfactants charged solids, 3-4 solid surfaces, 78-79 uncharged hydrophobic surfaces, 4-5 mixed silica-polymer-surfactant systems, 196-203 PEO-PPO-PPO on nanoparticulate pharmaceutical imaging agents, 205-215 polymer(s), studies, 138-139 polymer and surfactant at solid-liquid interface, 104 polymer and surfactant from binary mixtures on alumina, 138-151,197-203,241,275-276/ surfactants in mixtures, 241-254 Adsorption density, calculation, 108 Adsorption kinetics block copolymers, 11-12 liquid-liquid interface, 11
INDEX 391 Adsorption kinetics Continued measurement, 11 nonionic and anionic surfactants and hydrophobically modified water-soluble polymers to oil-water interface, 280,283-311 polymer, See Polymer adsorption kinetics role of polymer end-group chemistry, 183-194 small-molecule surfactants to air-water interface, 11 Adsorption properties structure of surface aggregates, 3-4 studies, 2-3 Aerosil, adsorption of dodecylpyridinium chloride, 96-99 Aerosil 200, hexadecylpyridinium chloride adsorption, 40-42/ Aerosol OT, adsorption, spectroscopic characterization, 104-135 Aggregation number calculation, 106 determination using EPR, 161,163 Air-water interface adsorption, 7,11 neutron reflectivity measurements of monolayers of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers, 7 second harmonic generation of molecular arrangement of poly(acrylonitrilec0-4-vinylpyridine) monolayer, 7 structure of surfactant monolayers using neutron reflection, 342-354 vibration spectroscopy of surfactants, 316-339 n-alkyltrichlorosilanes, fluorescence probe studies of self-assembled monolayer and multilayer films, 217-229 Alkylsilanated silicon oxide surface, segregation of poly(deuterostyrene-fc-2- vinylpyridine), 10-11 Alon, micellar exclusion, 30 y- Alumina, adsorption of SDS and polyethoxylated nonylphenol, 5-6 Alumina adsorption, 6,138-151 spectroscopic characterization, 104-135 Alumina-water interface, pentadecylethoxylated nonylphenoltetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride mixture interactions, 241-254 Amorphous silica, surface charging effects, 364-372 Amphiphilic molecules, self-assembly property studies, 231 Amphoteric zwitterionic surfactants, 2 Anchor group of surfactant, role in determining effectiveness as steric stabilizers, 166-181 adsorption data, 170-172 experimental procedure, 166-169 flocculation data, 181 rheological experimental procedure, 169 shear viscosity data, 172-176 surfactant structures, 167-168 viscoelastic data, 176-187 Anionic surfactants adsorption kinetics at oil-water interface, 280-311 description, 2 Antagonism, surfactant solutions, 5 Aqueous insoluble nanoparticulate pharmaceuticals, importance of delivery, 205 Atomic force microscopic measurements applications, 255 cetyltrimethylammonium bromide adsorption on gold, 259-261 citrate adsorption on gold, 261,262/ clean surface interactions, 257-259 colloid probe, 255-256 experimental procedure, 256-257 polymeric stabilizer adsorption, 261,263-265 prepolymerized Langmuir-Blodgett films of n-octadecylsiloxane monolayers, 359,361-362 previous studies, 255-256 procedure, 357 Axisymmetric drop shape analysis description, 375 theory, 376-378/ ultralow interfacial tension determination, 374-385
392 SURFACTANT ADSORPTION AND SURFACE SOLUBILIZATION B Basic zwitterionic surfactants, 2 Bilayers 1,2-dihexadecyl-sw-glycero-3- phosphatidylcholine, vibration spectroscopy, 334-335 solubilization in adsorbed layers, 32-34 Bimolecular quenching constant definition, 224 determination, 227 Binary mixtures, adsorption of polymer and surfactant, 138-151 Binding constant, definition, 209 Block copolymers adsorption kinetics, 11-12 PEO-PPO-PEO adsorption on nanoparticulate pharmaceutical imaging agents, 205-216 Brush layer thickness scales, diblock copolymers, 8 Brushes, description, 8 Buffer concentration, role on rate constant of admicellar catalysis, 74,75/ C Capillary pressure, calculation, 271 Cationic surfactants description, 2 effects of porosity on adsorption at silica-water interface, 36-47 interactions with nonionic surfactants, 241-253 Cetylpyridinium chloride, micellar exclusion, 31 Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide adsorption on gold, AFM measurements, 259-261 Charged surfaces, exclusion of micelles, 28-31 Charging effects at gelatin-silica interfaces, surface, See Surface charging effects at gelatin-silica interfaces Citrate adsorption on gold, AFM measurements, 261,262/ Coadsorption 2-naphthol, effects of porosity, 36-47 See also Adsolubilization Coalescence of unstabilized disperse droplets, theory, 282 Complex modulus, determination, 169 Contact angle measurements, 356-357 Contact electrification, description, 364 Contact time, definition, 188 Copolymers adsorption at interface between immiscible polymers and polymernonpolymer interface, 9-10 block, adsorption on nanoparticulate pharmaceutical imaging agents, 205-216 Critical micelle concentration, vibration spectroscopy in solution and at air-water interface, 317-323 Critical micelle temperature, studies, 323-328 Cross partial structure factor, 346-348 Cross-sectional area of surfactant, calculation, 170 Cyclohexylphosphatidylcholines, vibration spectroscopy, 336-337 D Dapral GE 202, See Maleic anhydride a-olefin copolymer Demulsification, description, 268 Demulsifier, function, 268-269 Diblock copolymers, adsorbed configuration, 8 1,2-Dicyclohexyltetradecanol-snglycero-3-phosphatidylcholine, vibration spectroscopy, 336-337 Didodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, vibration spectroscopy, 329 Diffusion coefficient, calculation, 198 Diffusion relaxation time, definition, 272 Dimensionless time, definition, 187 Dimethylbenzyltetradecylammonium chloride, adsorption on silicas, 37-41
INDEX 393 Dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride, vibration spectroscopy, 328 Dioctyl sulfosuccinate, ultralow interfacial tension determination by axisymmetric drop shape analysis, 380,383-385 1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, vibration spectroscopy, 335 1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholinecholesterol mixtures, vibration spectroscopy, 335-336 Dipole moment, calculation, 108 Distance from substrate into solution, determination, 187 Dodecylpyridinium chloride, adsorption on Aerosil, 96-99 Dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, vibration spectroscopy, 329 Dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, vibration spectroscopy, 328-329 Dolomite, spectroscopic characterization of oleate adsorption, 104-135 Double acyl chain ammonium amphiphiles, vibration spectroscopy, 332 Drop shape analysis, axisymmetric, See Axisymmetric drop shape analysis Drop shape method for interfacial tension measurement, description, 374 Drop volume apparatus, 288-292 theory, 287-288 Dynamic interfacial tension definition, 272 measurement procedure, 291-293 Dynamic light scattering, description, 198 E Electron paramagnetic resonance to study surfactants adsorbed on surfaces, 153-163 aggregation number, 161,163 completely labeled surfactant, 154-157 experimental objectives, 154 probe experiments, 157-162 use of paramagnetic broadeners, 160-163/ Electron spin resonance spectroscopy, characterization of surfactant and polymer solloids at solid-liquid interface, 104-135 Ellipsometry, self-assembly of surfactants at silica-water interface, 231-239 End-functionalized polymers segregating to impenetrable wall, self-consistent field lattice theory for association and adsorption, 10-11 End-group, polymer, role in adsorption kinetics, 183-194 Energy gap, calculation, 106 Equilibrium interfacial tension measurement, procedure, 286-287 Equilibrium monolayer, characteristics, 342 /correction factors, determination, 290-292/ Flocculation, determination of role of anchor group of surfactant in effectiveness as steric stabilizers, 166-181 Fluorescence probe studies of selfassembled monolayer and multilayer films from n-alkyltrichlorosilanes, 217-229 characterization of self-assembled monolayers and multilayers, 219-220 effective quencher diffusivity calculation, 227-229 experimental materials, 218-219 fluorescence intensity of probe-containing monolayers on host length, 220,222-223 fluorescence of pyrene-labeled probes containing monolayers, 220,221/ fluorescence quenching of probe-containing monolayers and multilayers, 224-225,226/ incorporation offluorescenceprobes in multilayers, 223-224 relative adsorption rate constant determination, 225-227
394 SURFACTANT ADSORPTION AND SURFACE SOLUBILIZATION Fluorescence spectroscopy, characterization of surfactant and polymer solloids at solid-liquid interfaces, 104-135 Fluorescently labeled species in solution, determination, 188 Fluorinated surfactants, applications, 2 Fluorocarbon surfactants, adsorption to Graphon, 23-28 Fractional coverage of guest molecule, determination, 225 Francolite, spectroscopic characterization of oleate adsorption, 104-135 G Gelatin-silica interfaces, surface charging effects, 364-372 Gibbs elasticity, definition, 269 Gold cetyltrimethylammonium bromide adsorption, 259-261 citrate adsorption, 261,262/ Gramicidin D, vibration spectroscopy, 332-333 Graphon, description, 22 H Hemimicelles description, 3,68 formation, 3 verification of existence, 12 Hexadecylpyridinium chloride, adsorption on Sorbsil C30 and Aerosil 200,40-42/ Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide structure at air-water interface using neutron reflection, 342-354 vibration spectroscopy, 329 Hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloridesodium poly(styrenesulfonate)- alumina system, adsorption, 138-151 Hexane, solvent properties, 6-7 Hydrocarbon surfactants, adsorption to Graphon, 23-28 Hydrocarbon-water distribution coefficient, definition, 32 Hydrodynamic thickness, measurement, 198 Hydrophobic groups, substitution into hydrocarbon backbone, 2 Hydrophobically modified water-soluble polymers, adsorption kinetics at oil-water interfaces, 280-311 (Hydroxyethyl)celluloses, adsorption kinetics, 297-302,310-311 Hydroxy 1-terminated 1,4-polyisoprene, structure at air-water interface, 7 I Imaging agents, pharmaceutical, adsorption of PEO-PPO-PPO, 205-216 Immiscible polymers and polymernonpolymer interface, adsorption of copolymers, 9-10 Intensity calculation, 220 determination, 185-186 monomer emissions, calculation, 106 Interaction forces, AFM measurements, 255-265 Interfacial behavior, nonionic surfactant systems at silica-water interface, 321-239 Interfacial force measurement, 255 Interfacial tension axisymmetric drop shape analysis, ultralow, See Ultralow interfacial tension determination by axisymmetric drop shape analysis measurement techniques, 374 Ionic surfactants adsorption on uncharged hydrophobic surfaces, 4 self-assembly on mineral oxides, 78-100 IR spectroscopy, characterization of surfactant and polymer solloids at solid-liquid interfaces, 104-135 Isomeric surfactant adsorption at interfaces, spectroscopic characterization, 104-135 Isotherm measurements, procedure, 356-357
INDEX 395 K Kinetics of nonionic and anionic surfactant and hydrophobically modified water-soluble polymers to oil-water interfaces, adsorption, See Adsorption kinetics of nonionic and anionic surfactant and hydrophobically modified water-soluble polymers to oil-water interfaces Kraft point, description, 323 L Langmuir-Blodgett film deposition, procedure, 356-357 Langmuir-Blodgettfilmsof n-octadecylsiloxane monolayers, See Prepolymerized Langmuir-Blodgett films of n-octadecylsiloxane monolayers Langmuir isotherms, prepolymerized Langmuir-Blodgettfilmsof n-octadecylsiloxane monolayers, 357-360/ Lipid bilayer quantification of defect content, 335 vibration spectroscopy in solution and at air-water interface, 332-337 Liquid-liquid interface, adsorption interface, 11 Liquid-solid interface, See Solid-liquid interface Lithium dodecyl sulfate-lithium perfluorooctanesulfonate-pvp-alumina system, adsorption, 138-151 Loss modulus, determination, 169 M Maleic anhydride cc-olefin copolymer, adsorption at solid-liquid interface, 104-135 Marangoni-Gibbs effect, description, 268 Mean ionic activity, calculation, 26 Methyl benzoate, adsolubilization constants, 74 Micellar catalysis, product isolation problems, 67 Micellar exclusion from charged surfaces Alon, 30 cetylpyridinium chloride, 31 example, 28,29/ experimental description, 28,30 implications, 28 previous studies, 28,30 Micelle(s) solubilization function, 50 solubilization in adsorbed layers, 32-34 vibration spectroscopy in solution and at air-water interface, 323-328 Micelle-water distribution coefficient, definition, 32 Microviscosity, determination using EPR, 158-160,162/ Mineral oxides, self-assembly of adsorbed ionic surfactants, 78-100 Mixed micelles, vibration spectroscopy in solution and at air-water interface, 328-331 Mixed surfactant adsorption on alumina, spectroscopic characterization, 104 135 Mixed surfactant systems, advantages, 241-242 Monodisperse surfactants, adsorption at silica-water interface, 236-239/ Monolayer and multilayerfilmsfrom n-alkyltrichlorosilanes, fluorescence probe studies, 217-229 Mushrooms, description, 8 N Nanoparticulate pharmaceutical imaging agents, adsorption of PEO-PPO-PEO block copolymers, 205-216 2-Naphthol, effects of porosity on coadsorption at silicar-water interfaces, 36-47 Neutron reflection, structure of surfactant monolayers at air-water interface, 342-354 Neutron reflectivity, polymer conformation study, 6-7
396 SURFACTANT ADSORPTION AND SURFACE SOLUBILIZATION Nonamphoteric zwitterionic surfactants, 2 Nonionic block copolymers, 2 Nonionic dispersants, advantages for use in pharmaceutical formulation, 206 Nonionic poly(ethylene glycol) monoethers, adsorption-desorption kinetics at silica-water interface, 11 Nonionic polymer-anionic surfactant self-assembled complexes, adsorption studies, 196-203 Nonionic surfactants adsorption kinetics at oil-water interfaces, 280-311 description, 2 interactions with cationic surfactants, 241-253 interfacial behavior at silica-water interface, 231-239 Nonylbenzenesulfonate, adsorption on rutile, 91-96 Nonylphenylpoly(ethylene oxide) surfactant, role of anchor group in effectiveness determination as steric stabilizers, 166-181 Nonylphenylpoly(propylene oxide)- PEO surfactant, role of anchor group in effectiveness determination as steric stabilizers, 166-181 Number of probes per micelle, calculation, 106 O w-octadecylsiloxane monolayers, prepolymerized Langmuir-Blodgett films, 355-362 Oil, surface solubilization at silica-water interface, 231-239 Oil-water interfaces, adsorption kinetics of nonionic and anionic surfactant and hydrophobically modified water-soluble polymers, 280-311 Oleate adsorption on dolomite and francolite, spectroscopic characterization, 104-135 Oleic acid, ultralow interfacial tension determination by axisymmetric drop shape analysis, 380-382/ Orange OT description, 30 in micelles and bilayers, solubilization in adsorbed layers, 32-34 Order parameter, calculation, 107 P 1 -[ 1 '- 13 C]Palmitoyl-2-palmitoyl-jnglycero-3-phospho-L-serine, vibration spectroscopy, 334 Paramagnetic broadeners, role in EPR to surfactants on surfaces, 160-163/ Partial structure factor of fragment, definition, 343-344 Partition coefficient coadsorption of 2-naphthol on hexadecylpyridinium chloride adsorbed aggregates, 43-47 definition, 227,229 Patchy bilayer structure, structure of surface aggregates, 3 Pendant and sessile drop methods for interfacial tension measurement, 374 375 Pentadecylethoxylated nonylphenoltetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride mixture interactions at alumina-water interface experimental procedure, 242-243 interactions in solution, 243-244 surfactant mixture adsorption, 244-254 ph, role on rate constant of admicellar catalysis, 72-73 Pharmaceutical imaging agents, adsorption of PEO-PPO-PPO block copolymers, 205-216 Phases, vibration spectroscopy in solution and at air-water interface, 323-328 Photographic gelatin, surface charging effects, 364-372 Photon correlation spectroscopy, 198 Pluronic BAB-type block copolymeric dispersants, aqueous adsorption to nanoparticulate imaging agents, 205-215
INDEX 397 Polarity, detennination using EPR, 157-158 Poly(acrylic acids) adsorption kinetics, 299,302-311 on zirconia, polymeric stabilizer adsorption, 261,263-265 Poly(aciylonitrile-c0-4-vinylpyridine) monolayer molecular arrangement at air-water interface, second harmonic generation, 7 Poly(deuterostyrene-fc-2-vinylpyridine, segregation of alkylsilanated silicon oxide surface, 10-11 Poly(dimethylsiloxane) adsorption at air-water interface, 7 applications, 2 Polyethoxylated nonylphenol, adsorption on y-alumina, 5-6 Polyethylene oxide)-ppo-peo triblock copolymers, structure of adsorbed layers, 9 Polyethylene oxide)-ppo-ppo on nanoparticulate pharmaceutical imaging agents, adsorption, 205-216 Poly(ethylene oxide)-sds-silica systems, adsorption, 196-203 Polymer(s) as primary stabilizers for O/W emulsions, mechanisms, 280 use as colloidal stabilizers, 166 Polymer adsorption at solid-liquid interface, 7-8 AFM measurements, 255-265 from binary mixtures on alumina, 138-151 kinetics, 183-194 role in technologies, 183 total internal reflectance fluorescence concept, 185-186,189/ Polymer end-group chemistry, role in polymer adsorption kinetics, 183-194 Polymer-silica surfactant systems, adsorption, 196-203 Polymer-solid systems, spectroscopic characterization, 127-133 Polymer solloids, spectroscopic characterization at solid-liquid interfaces, 104-135 Polymer-surfactant aggregates adsorption at interfaces, spectroscopic characterization, 104-135 Polymer-surfactant interactions in aqueous solutions, influencing factors, 138 Polymer-surfactant-solid systems, spectroscopic characterization, 134 Polymer stabilizer adsorption, AFM measurements, 261,263-265 Polymeric steric stabilizers, design consideration, 280,282 Polymeric surfactant adsorption, 2-14 Poly(methylmethacrylate), structure of adsorbed layers, 8-9 Poly(propylene oxide)-peo ABA block copolymer surfactant, role of anchor group in effectiveness as steric stabilizers, 166-181 Polystyrene, structure of adsorbed layers, 8-9 Polystyrene-PEO copolymer on polystyrene latex particles, adsorption kinetics, 12 Polystyrene-poly(vinylpyridine) on silver, adsorption kinetics, 12 Poly(styrenesulfonate)-SDS-alumina system, adsorption, 138-151 Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)-lithium dodecyl sulfate-lithium perfluorooctanesulfonate-alumina system, 138-151 Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)-sodium bis(2-emymexyl)sulfosuccinate-alumina system, adsorption, 138-151 Porosity effects on cationic surfactant adsorption at silica-water interfaces, 37-42 effects on coadsorption of 2-naphthol at silica-water interfaces, 40,42-47 Potassium decanoate, vibration spectroscopy, 324-328 Prepolymerized Langmuir-Blodgett films of n-octadecylsiloxane monolayers AFM, 359,361-362 discovery, 355 experimental procedure, 355-356 Langmuir isotherms, 357-360/
398 SURFACTANT ADSORPTION AND SURFACE SOLUBILIZATION Prepolymerized Langmuir-Blodgett films of n-octadecylsiloxane monolayers Continued thermally induced structural changes, 362 transferred films on SiO/Si substrates, 359,360/ Raman spectroscopy, characterization of surfactant and polymer solloids at solid-liquid interface, 104-135 Reflection-absorption IR spectroscopy, surfactants at air-water interface, 337-339 Reflectivity, determination, 343,346-348 Relative adsorption rate constant, determination, 225-227 Relaxation lifetimes, 275,277/ Reverse orientation model, structure of surface aggregates, 3 Rutile, adsorption of nonylbenzenesulfonate, 91-96 Second harmonic generation, molecular arrangement of poly(acrylonitrile-c0-4-vinylpyridine), 7 Sedimentation field-flow fractionation and ESR, structure of adsorbed layers, 9 Segment-substrate interactions, role in polymer adsorption kinetics, 183-194 Self-assembled monolayers from n- alkyltrichlorosilanes, fluorescence probe studies, 217-229 Self-assembly ionic surfactants adsorbed on mineral oxides, 78-101 constant charge surfaces, 87,89-91 constant potential surfaces, 83-88 dodecylpyridinium chloride adsorption on Aerosil, 96-100 experimental procedure, 80-81 nonylbenzenesulfonate adsorption on rutile, 91-96 Self-assembly Continued self-consistent field lattice theory for association and adsorption, 81-83 surfactants at silica-water interface experimental procedure, 231-233 mixed nonionic surfactant systems, 236-239/ surface self-assembly in monodisperse nonionic surfactant-water-silica systems, 233-235 Self-consistent field lattice theory for association and adsorption application, 79 concept, 81-83 parameter choice, 82 role of heterogeneity, 79 self-assembly of ionic surfactants adsorbed on mineral oxides, 80-100 Self-consistent mean field theory, endfunctionalized polymers segregating to impenetrable wall, 10-11 Shear flocculation, application of EPR using 100% labeled surfactant, 154-157 Shear viscosity, determination of role of anchor group of surfactant ineffectiveness as steric stabilizers, 166-181 Silica(s), adsorption of dimethylbenzyltetradecylammonium chloride, 37-41 Silica-gelatin interfaces, surface charging effects, 364-372 Silica-PEO-SDS systems, adsorption, 196-203 Silica-polymer-surfactant systems, adsorption, 196-203 Silica-water interfaces adsorption-desorption kinetics of nonionic poly(ethylene glycol) monoethers, 11 effects of porosity on adsorption of cationic surfactants and coadsorption of 2-naphthol, 36-47 nonionic surfactant systems and surface solubilization of oil, 231-239 Single-wavelength ellipsometric measurements, procedure, 357
INDEX 399 Small-molecule surfactant(s) adsorption kinetics, 11-12 adsorption properties, 2-11 description, 2 surface solubilization, 12-14 Sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate adsorption, spectroscopic characterization, 104-135 Sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinatepoly(vinylpyrrohdone)-alumina system, adsorption, 138-151 Sodium decanoate, vibration spectroscopy, 324-327 Sodium 1,2-dimyristoyl-5«-glycero-3- phospho-l-serine, vibration spectroscopy, 336 Sodium l,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho- L-serine, vibration spectroscopy, 336 Sodium dodecyl sulfate adsorbed on solid surfaces, admicellar catalysis, 67-75 adsorption on y-alumina, 5-6,104-135 vibration spectroscopy, 328 Sodium dodecyl sulfate-peo-silica systems, adsorption, 196-203 Sodium dodecyl sulfate-pss-sds-alumina system, adsorption, 138-151 Sodium laurate, adsorption on alumina, 6 Sodium poly(styrenesulfonate)-hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride-alumina system, adsorption, 138-151 Solid-liquid interface polymer adsorption, 7-8 spectroscopic characterization of surfactant solloids, 104-135 surfactant adsorption, 3-4 Solid surfaces, adsorption of ionic surfaces, 78-79 Solloids description, 3,104-105 spectroscopic characterization at solid-liquid interface, 104-135 Solubilization comparison to adsolubilizationr 50,51/,64,66 in adsorbed layers, 31-34 on surfaces, cause, 153 Solubilization Continued studies, 49 surface, oil at silica-water interface, 231-239 See Adsolubilization Sorbsil C30, hexadecylpyridinium chloride adsorption, 4CM2/ Specific adsorption, definition, 209 Spectroscopic characterization of surfactant and polymer solloids at solid-liquid interface, 104-135 adsorption of SDS on alumina ESR spectroscopy, 111,115-116 fluorescence spectroscopy, 109-114 isotherm, 109,110/ Raman spectroscopy, 116-118 experimental description, 104-105 isomeric surfactants at interface, fluorescence spectroscopy, 119-121/ maleic anhydride a-olefin copolymer at solid-liquid interface, 129,132-133/ mixed surfactants on alumina, Raman spectroscopy, 125,127,128/ oleate on dolomite and francolite, FTIR spectroscopy, 125,126/ polymer-surfactant aggregates at interface,fluorescence,134,135/ sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate ESR spectroscopy, 119,123-125 IR spectroscopy, 119,121-122/ theory ESR spectroscopy, 106-107 fluorescence spectroscopy, 105-106 IR spectroscopy, 107-108 Raman spectroscopy, 108-109 Steric stabilization, repulsive forces, 280,281/ Steric stabilizers, role of anchor group of surfactant in determination of effectiveness, 166-181 Storage modulus, determination, 169 Stretching frequency, calculation, 107 Structure surface aggregates, controversy, 3-4 surfactant monolayers at air-water interface, 342-354
400 SURFACTANT ADSORPTION AND SURFACE SOLUBILIZATION Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers at air-water interface, neutron reflectivity measurements, 7 Substrate-segment interactions, role in polymer adsorption kinetics, 183-194 Sugar surfactants, description, 2 Surface aggregates, structure controversy, 3^ Surface charging effects at gelatin-silica interfaces charge decay measurement procedure, 367,369 electrical connection procedure, 366 experimental description, 364 gelatin coating on mica surface, 366 interfacial electrostatic adhesion, 370 observed charge decay, 370-372 observed surface charge densities, 369-370 silica surface preparation, 366 surface charge measurement, 367,368/ surface force apparatus, 365-366,368/ Surface force apparatus description, 365-366,368/ function, 364-365 interfacial force measurement, 255 limitation, 255 Surface micelles, formation, 3 Surface solubilization of oil at silicawater interface, 231-239 Surface tension, effect of surfactant concentration, 6 Surfactant(s) adsorption in mixtures, 241-254 adsorption kinetics, 11-12 adsorption properties, 2-11 classification according to head-group type, 2 definition, 317 hydrophobic group substitution, 2 interface studies, 1 ionic, self-assembly on mineral oxides, 78-100 nonionic, interfacial behavior at silica-water interface, 231-239 on surfaces, studied with EPR, 153-163 role of anchor group in determination of effectiveness as steric stabilizers, 166-181 Surfactant(s) Continued stmcture-adsorption capacity relationship, 1-2 surface solubilization, 12-14 technological applications, 1 types, 2 vibration spectroscopy in solution and at air-water interface, 316-339 Surfactant adsorption adsolubilization, 12-14 AFM measurements, 255-265 at solid-liquid interface, 3-4,104-135 from solution, influencing factors, 242 isotherm, 49-51 kinetics, 11-12 on surfaces, 153-163 properties, 2-11 solubilization in adsorbed layers, 23-34 Surfactant aggregate, evidence for occurrence, 12-13 Surfactant and polymer for binary mixtures on alumina, adsorption, 138-151 Surfactant behavior at interfaces, importance, 231 Surfactant concentration, effect on surface tension, 6 Surfactant monolayers at air-water interface, structure, 342-354 Surfactant-solid systems, spectroscopic characterization, 109-128 Surfactant solloids, spectroscopic characterization at solid-liquid interfaces, 104-135 Surfactant systems, silica-polymer, adsorption 196-203 Synergism, surfactant solutions, 5 Tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride-pentadecylethoxylated nonylphenol mixture interactions at alumina-water interface, See Pentadecylethoxylated nonylphenoltetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride mixture interactions at alumina-water interface
INDEX 401 Total internal reflectance fluorescence, 184-189 Transmission IR spectroscopy, 357-358 Tribocharging, description, 364 Trimethylorthobenzoate, acidic hydrolysis, 67-75 U Ultralow interfacial tension determination by axisymmetric drop shape analysis dioctyl sulfosuccinate in aqueous solution of NaCl-water and n-heptane, 380,383-385 experimental setup, 375-379 oleic acid in olive oil and aqueous solution of NaCl and NaOH, 380-382 theory of axisymmetric drop shape analysis, 376-378/ Uncharged hydrophobic surfaces, adsorption of ionic surfactants, 4-5 Vibration spectroscopy of surfactants in solution and at air-water interface, 337-339 lipid bilayers, 332-337 micellar structures, 317-331 Viscoelasticity, determination of role of anchor group of surfactant in effectiveness as steric stabilizers, 166-181 W Water-air interface, See Air-water interface Water-oil interface, See Oil-water interface Water-silica interface, See Silica-water interface Water-soluble polymers, hydrophobically modified, adsorption kinetics at oil-water interfaces, 280-311 Zirconia, poly(acrylic acid) adsorption, 255-265 Zwitterionic surfactants, description, 2