Errata list for An Introduction to Modern Astrophysics, c2007 Second Edition (second printing or later) February 23, 2010 To determine the printing of your text, look on page ii (the page following the title page); the second line from the bottom shows a string of numbers such as 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 DOC 09 08 07 if the first number is 2 then it is a second printing (as in this example), if the first number is 1 then it is a first printing, and so on. The last number on the right indicates the year in which the printing was published. In this case, the second printing came out in 2007. Significant Errors, Omissions, or Revisions: 1. inside front cover, Appendix A, Astronomical Constants: Solar effective temperature formula has a misplaced left parenthesis. The correct formula is T e;ˇ Lˇ=4R 2ˇ 1=4. 2. inside front cover, Appendix A, Physical Constants: The latest CODATA constants were published in March 2007 after publication of An Introduction to Modern Astrophysics. The latest constants, including an update to the Universal Gravitational Constant (G), are available at http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/constants. Note that the new values will not be incorporated into the textbook s associated software. The reader can make the changes if desired by updating the Fortran module or C++ header file associated with Appendix I. However, changing the constants may result in slight inconsistencies with solutions given in the text and its solutions manual. An updated Appendix A, Physical Constants, based on the 2006 CODATA constants, is available on the next page. [Please note that the Hydrogen mass (m H ), the Bohr radius for hydrogen (a 0;H ), and the Rydberg constant for hydrogen (R H ) have not been updated with consistent CODATA 2006 values.]
Physical Constants Gravitational constant G D 6:67428.67/ 10 11 N m 2 kg 2 Speed of light (exact) c 2:99792458 10 8 m s 1 Permeability of free space 0 4 10 7 N A 2 Permittivity of free space 0 1= 0 c 2 D 8:854187817 : : : 10 12 F m 1 Electric charge e D 1:602176487.40/ 10 19 C Electron volt 1 ev D 1:602176487.40/ 10 19 J Planck s constant h D 6:62606896.33/ 10 34 J s D 4:13566733.10/ 10 15 ev s h=2 D 1:054571628.53/ 10 34 J s D 6:58211899.16/ 10 16 ev s Planck s constant speed of light hc D 1:23984187.3/ 10 3 ev nm ' 1240 ev nm Boltzmann s constant k D 1:3806504.24/ 10 23 J K 1 D 8:617343.15/ 10 5 ev K 1 Stefan Boltzmann constant 2 5 k 4 =.15c 2 h 3 / D 5:670400.40/ 10 8 W m 2 K 4 Radiation constant a D 4=c D 7:565767.54/ 10 16 J m 3 K 4 Atomic mass unit 1 u D 1:660538782.83/ 10 27 kg D 931:494028.83/ MeV=c 2 Electron mass m e D 9:10938215.45/ 10 31 kg D 5:4857990943.23/ 10 4 u Proton mass m p D 1:672621637.83/ 10 27 kg D 1:00727646677.10/ u Neutron mass m n D 1:674927211.84/ 10 27 kg D 1:00866491597.43/ u Hydrogen mass m H D 1:673532499.13/ 10 27 kg D 1:00782503214.35/ u Avogadro s number N A D 6:02214179.30/ 10 23 mol 1 Gas constant R D 8:314472.15/ J mol 1 K 1 Bohr radius a 0;1 4 0 2 =m e e 2 D 5:2917720859.36/ 10 11 m a 0;H.m e =/a 0;1 D 5:294654075.20/ 10 11 m Rydberg constant R 1 m e e 4 =64 3 0 2 3 c D 1:0973731568527.73/ 10 7 m 1 R H.=m e /R 1 D 1:09677583.13/ 10 7 m 1 Note: Uncertainties in the last digits are indicated in parentheses. For instance, the universal gravitational constant, G, has an uncertainty of 0:00067 10 11 N m 2 kg 2. 3. page 9, Second full paragraph, third sentence should be replaced by: During the start of spring the Sun is in the constellation of Pisces, during the beginning of summer it is in Taurus, at the beginning of autumn the Sun is located in Virgo, and at the start of winter the Sun is in Sagittarius. 4. page 11, Figure 1.12(a): Within the diagram, L should be replaced by 90 ı L. 5. page 28, End of Example 2.1.1: 19% should be replaced by 20:6%. 6. page 34, Figure 2.8: The angles mysteriously did not appear in the printed text. The angle by m
between r and s should be while the angle from the sphere center between R and r should be. The correct figure is available in the downloadable collection of Chapter 2 figures. 7. page 47, First sentence of the first full paragraph, beginning with Expressions for the speed..., the aphelion angle should be D, not D =2. 8. page 66, Table 3.1: The gamma ray wavelengths should be indicated as less than 0.01 nm. The corrected version should be Table 3.1 The Electromagnetic Spectrum. Region Gamma ray X-ray Ultraviolet Visible Infrared Microwave Radio Wavelength < 0:01 nm 0.01 nm < < 10 nm 10 nm < < 400 nm 400 nm < < 700 nm 700 nm < < 1 mm 1 mm < < 10 cm 10 cm < 9. page 89, Section 4.2, first line: Albert Einstein was born in 1879. 10. page 89, Figure 4.3 caption: Albert Einstein was born in 1879. 11. page 121, Table 5.2: The Balmer limit should be 1 $ 2 (instead of 1 $ 3). 12. page 121, Table 5.2: The Lyman lines are actually measured in vacuo rather than in air. It is traditional to quote wavelengths in air for 200 nm to 2000 nm, and in vacuum outside that range. A corrected version of the table should be Table 5.2 The wavelengths of selected hydrogen spectral lines. (Based on Cox, ed., Allen s Astrophysical Quantities, Fourth Edition, Springer, New York, 2000.)
Series Name Symbol Transition Wavelength (nm) Medium Lyman Ly 2 $ 1 121:567 vacuum Lyˇ 3 $ 1 102:572 vacuum Ly 4 $ 1 97:254 vacuum Ly limit 1 $ 1 91:18 vacuum Balmer H 3 $ 2 656:281 air Hˇ 4 $ 2 486:134 air H 5 $ 2 434:048 air Hı 6 $ 2 410:175 air H 7 $ 2 397:007 air H 8 8 $ 2 388:905 air H limit 1 $ 2 364:6 air Paschen Pa 4 $ 3 1875:10 air Paˇ 5 $ 3 1281:81 air Pa 6 $ 3 1093:81 air Pa limit 1 $ 3 820:4 air 13. page 369, First sentence: the wavelength dependence should be 4, not 2. 14. page 532, Example 15.3.2: The second sentence of the second paragraph should read: From the virial theorem (see Eq. 10.23), the energy released in the formation of a spherically symmetric star of constant density is E 3 GM 2 5 R : 15. page 686, last paragraph: The uncertainty in hm B i should be 0:3. 16. page 687, end of second paragraph:. 0:1c/ should read. 0:03c/. 17. page 900, center of page: `NCP should be 122 ı 55 0 55:2 00 18. page 901, Eq. (24.21): The subscript on ` in the final cos term should be NCP rather than NGP, as in cos ı cos. NGP / D cos ı NGP sin b sin ı NGP cos b cos.`ncp `/: 19. page 913: Due to sign changes for 0 ` 90 ı and 270 ı ` 360 ı, it becomes necessary to modify Eq. (24.45) and two of the equations leading up to it. The first equation on p. 913 should be written as C; if 0 R min D R 0 j sin `j D R 0 sin ` ı ` 90 ı ; if 270 ı ` 360 ı The second equation becomes v r;max D.R min / 0.R 0 / sin ` C; if 0 ı ` 90 ı ; if 270 ı ` 360 ı
Finally, Eq. (24.45) becomes v r;maz ' 2AR 0. 1 sin `/ C; if 0 ı ` 90 ı ; if 270 ı ` 360 ı 20. page 937, Problem 24.22(b): 0 should be in units of Mˇ pc 3. 21. page 1042, First paragraph following Example 27.1.1: The uncertainty in hm B i should be 0:3. 22. page 1043, Example 27.1.2: The answer should be 36:5 Mpc. 23. page 1128, Example 28.3.4: The first part of the example should read: Referring to Example 28.3.3, since the actual speed of the radio knot ejected by 3C 273 must be less than c, as required by special relativity, it is necessary from Eq. (28.16) that! v 2 < cos 1 app =c2 1 D 14:5 ı : vapp 2 =c2 C 1 That is, the knot must be approaching Earth within 14.5 ı of the line of sight. 24. page 1176, final paragraph, second-to-last sentence:... 12.5 billion years, a billion years... should be replaced by... 17.7 billion years, more than six billion years.... 25. page 1177, Eq. (29.96): The subscripts on the right-hand-side are reversed. The equation should read: n n n p D e.m n m p /c2 =kt :
Minor Errors or Typos: 1. inside front cover, Appendix A, Astronomical Constants: magnitude was misspelled in Solar absolute bolometric magnitude. 2. page 159, fifth line from bottom of page: replace aide with aid. 3. page 159, fourth line from bottome of page: replace later with latter. 4. page 434, Figure 12.15, second sentence of caption: replace left most with left-most. 5. page 524, first sentence of Section 15.2: replace Lupis with Lupus. 6. page 691, last paragraph, second-to-last line: replace quelched with squelched. 7. page 756, third line under heading Moon Rocks: addition should be additional. 8. page 784, tenth line under heading Internal Heat and the Cooling Timescale: it s should be its. 9. page 860, last sentence, top (partial) paragraph: the leading quotes on blizzard line are facing the wrong way. 10. page 1222, Problem 29.18: The referenced quasar should be Q1331+170. 11. page 1128, Eq. (28.19): The ' should be replaced by D. 12. page 1228, Problem 29.55(b): The units for F x in both cases should be roman font rather than italicized, as in F x D 5:77 10 15 W m 2 and F x D 7:16 10 15 W m 2. 13. page 1248, first full paragraph, seventh line: replace fluctuation with fluctuations. 14. inside back cover, Appendix B, under second table: replace micellaneous with miscellaneous.