Science 20. Unit C: The Changing Earth. Assignment Booklet C3

Science 20 Unit C: The Changing Earth Assignment Booklet C3

FOR TEACHER S USE ONLY Summary Teacher s Comments Chapter 3 Assignment Total Possible Marks 45 Your Mark Science 20 Unit C: The Changing Earth Assignment Booklet C3 Chapter 3 Assignment This document is intended for You may find the following Internet sites useful: Students Teachers Administrators Home Instructors General Public Other Alberta Education, http://www.education.gov.ab.ca Learning Technologies Branch, http://www.education.gov.ab.ca/ltb Learning Resources Centre, http://www.lrc.education.gov.ab.ca Exploring the electronic information superhighway can be educational and entertaining. However, be aware that these computer networks are not censored. Students may unintentionally or purposely find articles on the Internet that may be offensive or inappropriate. As well, the sources of information are not always cited and the content may not be accurate. Therefore, students may wish to confirm facts with a second source. Copyright 2006, Alberta Education. This resource is owned by the Crown in Right of Alberta, as represented by the Minister of Education, Alberta Education, 055 02 Street, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T5J 4L5. All rights reserved. This resource was developed by or for Alberta Education. It may be reproduced in any form, including photocopying, without written permission from Alberta Education provided that associated copyright notices are also reproduced. THIS RESOURCE IS NOT SUBJECT TO THE TERMS OF A LICENCE FROM A COLLECTIVE OR LICENSING BODY, SUCH AS ACCESS COPYRIGHT.

Assignment Booklet C3 ASSIGNMENT BOOKLET C3 SCIENCE 20: UNIT C CHAPTER 3 ASSIGNMENT This Assignment Booklet is worth 45 marks out of the total 56 marks for the assignments in Unit C. The value of each assignment and each question is stated in the left margin. Read all parts of your assignment carefully, and record your answers in the appropriate places. If you have difficulty with an assignment, go back to the textbook and review the appropriate lesson. Be sure to proofread your answers carefully before submitting your Assignment Booklet. 45 Chapter 3 Assignment: Changing Climates For questions to 6, read each question carefully. Decide which of the choices BEST completes the statement or answers the question. Place your answer in the blank space given.. The sedimentary rock in the Cypress Hills provides a geological history record of what era? A. Cenozoic B. Mesozoic C. Paleozoic D. Precambrian 2. Which factor is an indicator that Alberta spent much of its ancient past under a tropical sea? A. existence of the Columbia Icefields B. existence of the Rocky Mountains C. presence of dinosaur bones D. presence of ammonite fossils 3. A factor that likely led to the Cretaceous Extinction was a A. long-term drought B. sudden reduction in oxygen levels C. drastic cooling of the global climate D. sudden increase in global temperatures 4. Data from measurements of the oxygen-8 to oxygen-6 ratio of Foraminifera fossils indicates that average deep-ocean temperatures over the past 50 million years have been A. increasing B. decreasing C. staying about the same D. varying

2 Assignment Booklet C3 5. Big Rock near Okotoks is evidence of A. glaciation B. wind erosion C. volcanic action D. mountain-building forces within Earth 6. The Blackfoot explanation of Big Rock s origin is similar to the scientific explanation because both state that the rock A. moved to its present location under its own power B. originated near Jasper C. did not originate locally D. was moved to its present location by advancing glaciers 7. Decide whether each statement is true (T) or false (F). Place your answer in the blank space given. 3 a. The Bearspaw Sea had retreated by the beginning of the Cenozoic Era. b. The presence of calcium carbonate in Alberta soils is an indication that Alberta was once submerged by a marine environment. c. Large-brained primates originated during the Cretaceous Period. d. North America may have cooled during the Tertiary Period because the North American land mass moved north during this time. 8. One theory suggests that the dominance of grasses came about in Alberta in the late Tertiary Period because of the ability of hoofed animals to digest cellulose. Explain this theory. Return to page 6 of the Distance Learning Student Guide, and begin Lesson 3.2.

3 Assignment Booklet C3 For questions 9 to 5, read each question carefully. Decide which of the choices BEST completes the statement or answers the question. Place your answer in the blank space given. 9. The Pleistocene Epoch, from.7 million years ago to 0 000 years ago, was marked by A. a lack of oxygen B. the presence of warm, tropical seas C. the southern movement of the North American continent D. the formation of glaciers that covered parts of the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere 0. Continental ice sheets are present today in A. the Rocky Mountains B. northern Europe C. Antarctica and Greenland D. Australia. The period during which polar ice sheets advanced to cover large regions of North America and northern Europe is known as A. an ice age B. glaciation C. an epoch D. a glacier 2. An analysis of ice-core samples shows that over the past 60 000 years, the average temperature in Vostok has A. stayed the same B. steadily increased C. steadily decreased D. fluctuated 3. Which of the following is not an advantage of using a spreadsheet? A. Using a spreadsheet takes less time to create a graph than one drawn by hand. B. The speed of creating a spreadsheet allows you to include many more data points in your analysis, which leads to more detailed results. C. A spreadsheet produces more accurate graphs. This allows you to make subtle distinctions when interpreting the graph. D. A spreadsheet removes you from the rigorous nature of calculating data points and doing the graph yourself.

4 Assignment Booklet C3 4. Based on the graph you completed for Vostok s average temperature, the temperature over the next 0 000 years will most likely A. stay the same B. increase steadily C. decrease steadily D. fluctuate 5. Small, donut-shaped hills between Slave Lake and Fort Vermilion are believed to be formed by A. wind erosion B. water erosion C. a glacier that gouged out the earth as it moved D. deposits from a large, stationary glacier chunk that melted in the area 6. Match each description with the appropriate term listed. Place your answer in the blank space given. i. continental ice sheet ii. glacier iii. mountain glacier iv. calving v. Wisconsin Glaciation vi. ice-core data 3 a. a large river of ice that forms on land and moves under the influence of gravity b. a process in which a portion of an iceberg breaks away from the main ice sheet c. a very large glacier, more often than km in depth, that forms in polar regions d. a glacier that forms in mountainous regions at high elevations e. information gathered from ice samples extracted from drilling into an ice sheet f. the last glaciation period 7. Describe three different kinds of evidence of glacial action in Alberta.

5 Assignment Booklet C3 3 8. Describe how a chronological record of Earth s atmosphere for the past 420 000 years can be constructed from ice-core samples. Return to page 8 of the Distance Learning Student Guide, and begin Lesson 3.3. For questions 9 to 24, read each question carefully. Decide which of the choices BEST completes the statement or answers the question. Place your answer in the blank space given. 9. How old are the earliest signs of human existence in North America? A. 5000 a B. 0 000 a C. 2 000 a D. 6 000 a 20. When clouds form in an area you can expect A. rain and a temperature decrease B. rain and a temperature increase C. rain and no change in temperature D. no rain and no change in temperature 2. Evidence in rock strata from around the world indicates that the average current global temperature compared to the average global temperature during most of Earth s history is A. somewhat warmer B. cooler C. the same D. much warmer 22. Some European countries are warmer than Canada even though they are just as far north as Canada. This is because these European countries have A. more hours of sunshine B. winds that blow from the south C. ocean currents that transfer heat from the tropics D. larger amounts of rainfall

6 Assignment Booklet C3 23. Variations in Earth s orbit, the tilt of the axis of rotation, and the wobble of the axis of rotation over Earth s geological history are believed to A. cause warm periods B. cause cold periods C. control the timing of glaciation periods D. be the sole cause of glaciation periods 24. Which statement about CO 2 levels and average global temperatures over Earth s history corresponds to the geological evidence? A. The CO 2 level increases and the average global temperature increases. B. The CO 2 level increases and the average global temperature decreases. C. The CO 2 level decreases and the average global temperature increases. D. The CO 2 level and the average global temperature both stay the same. 25. Match each description with the appropriate term listed. Place your answer in the blank space given. i. climate ii. hydrosphere iii. correlation iv. weather v. cause vi. probability vii. global conveyer viii. Little Ice Age a. one phenomenon that accompanies another b. the system of ocean currents that circulates warm water near the ocean s surface away from the tropics c. the average of daily and seasonal weather events that occur in a region over a long time period d. all the water at or near Earth s surface e. a phenomenon that brings about an effect or a result f. the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature, cloud cover, precipitation, and humidity for a particular place at a particular time g. an unusually cold period that occurred in Europe from 645 to 75 h. a measure of how likely it is that an event will occur

7 Assignment Booklet C3 26. Decide whether each statement is true (T) or false (F). Place your answer in the blank space given. 3 a. The cold periods that have occurred over Earth s history are believed to be caused by the wobble of Earth s axis. b. The Sun always shines with the same intensity. c. Global warming can cause global cooling. d. Over Earth s 4.5 billion-year history, the average temperature has remained constant. e. Climate in a given region can be considered an average of that region s daily weather. f. Scientists who use computer models to make predictions about global climate are skeptical about people having an influence on climate. 27. Explain how global warming can melt the Greenland Ice Sheet but cause a cooling effect on Europe s climate. 2 28. Explain why supercomputers like the Earth Simulator are required to study climate modelling. Submit your completed Assignment Booklet C3 to your teacher for assessment. Then return to page 9 of the Distance Learning Student Guide, and begin the Chapter 3 Summary.