Winter and Spring Weed Control Focusing on Amicarbazone, Celsius and Specticle Dec 26, 2010 L. S. Warren (02-07-12) North Carolina State University
February Weed Control Options Wild garlic - Post Annual bluegrass - Post Winter broadleaf weeds - Post Crabgrass and goosegrass - Pre
Wild Garlic Warm Season Turf Image 70DG 0.35 to 0.7 lb/acre + surfactant Bermuda, centipede, zoysia, St. Augustine Apply before spring greenup if wait until winter to spray Manor** = slightly sensitive 0.33 to 0.5 oz/acre + surfactant Bermuda, centipede**, zoysia, St. Augustine St. Augustine, Ky. Bluegrass Corsair** = slightly sensitive 2.76 to 5.33 oz/acre + surfactant Bermuda, centipede**, zoysia**, St. Augustine**
Corsair + NIS 4 oz/acre + 0.25% Applied Nov 2010 Photo Mar 19, 2011 Check Centipede Sampson County
Wild Garlic Cool Season Turf Feb 22, 2005 My front yard!!!
Wild Garlic Mar 11, 2005 (17 DAT) 2,4-D amine Many formulations 3 lb ai/acre + surfactant Tall fescue, Kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass Bermuda, zoysia Treat for 2 years
Postemergence Annual Bluegrass Herbicides Prograss Kerb Atrazine Simazine Sencor Roundup Katana Monument Revolver TranXit Amicarbazone???
Winter Annual Broadleaf Weeds and Poa annua Control Sencor 75 Turf 0.67 lb/acre chickweed sp., henbit, lawn burweed, corn speedwell (Roundup Pro, Touchdown Pro) 1 pt/acre 0.25-0.5% v/v nonionic surfactant Dormant nonoverseeded bermuda only! (>60 0 F) 8 to 64 fl oz/a but >16 fl oz may delay greenup
Mar 8, 2004 (8 WAT) Apr 7, 2004 (12 WAT) May 4, 2004 (16 WAT) Roundup Pro 1 pt/a (no residual activity) Thorndale Country Club
Roundup 1 pt/acre Monument 75WG [2] 0.47 oz/acre May 4, 2004 (16 WAT)
Applied: Apr 1? to common bermuda Photo: May 2, 2007
Annual Bluegrass Control Nonoverseeded Bermudagrass Sulfonylurea Herbicide Highlights Can basically apply anytime in fall, late winter, spring when temperatures are mild to warm and poa actively growing Control various common broadleaf weeds also TranXit label: says to apply 2 oz/a in Nov and 2 oz/a in Feb-Mar; however, we get good to excellent results with only one 1 oz/a application
Postemergence Annual Bluegrass Control in Bermudagrass Sulfonylurea Herbicides Revolver 1.09 pt bermuda, zoysia *Monument 0.33 oz bermuda, zoysia *Tranxit 1 oz bermuda, zoysia *Katana 3 oz bermuda, zoysia, centipede *Nonionic surfactant needed at 0.25% (Katana and Tranxit not labeled for home use)
Revolver 1.09 pt/a Applied Nov Photo Apr Monument + NIS 0.56 oz/a + 0.25% Applied Nov Photo Apr
Tranxit + NIS (not for home use) 1 oz/a + 0.25% Applied Nov Photo Apr
Katana + NIS (not for home use) 3 oz/a + 0.25% Applied Nov Photo Apr
Amicarbazone Proposed Label Golf (greens), sod, residential, commercial, parks, etc Photosynthesis II inhibitor (atrazine, simazine, metribuzin) <80F: bent, bluegrass, fescue, perennial ryegrass <90F: bermuda, centipede, St. Aug, zoysia, seashore Yellowing may occur for 2-3 WAT Apply with water or sprayable fertilizer NIS needed at 0.25%
Amicarbazone Proposed Label Controls broadleaf weeds such as hairy bittercress, common chickweed, cudweed species, henbit, parsley-piert and corn speedwell Can tankmix with 2,4-D, mecoprop, dicamba, clopyralid, fluroxypyr or triclopyr Targets: annual bluegrass control in bentgrass and bermuda overseeded with perennial ryegrass
Amicarbazone on Bentgrass Fairways and roughs 2 to 3 oz/a applied twice at 2 to 3 wk intervals Make 1 st appl after bent growth spurt in spring 50-80F temp range
Amicarbazone on Bentgrass Greens and tees 1 oz/a applied 4X at weekly intervals Make 1 st appl after bent growth spurt in spring 50-80F temp range End user advised to do tolerance test on small area if applying to bentgrass green It will be sole opinion of end user to say if benefit outweighs potential injury when spraying greens
5.3 oz/a 2.65 oz/a Applied Sep 4, 2008 Photo Sep 11, 2008 Lake Wheeler Field Lab
Oct 15 2.65 oz/a 5.3 oz/a applied Sep 4, 2008 Photo Oct 29 2.65 oz/a applied Sep 4, 2008 Photo Oct 29
% Phytotoxicity Tolerance of A4 Bentgrass to Amicarbazone 60 45 30 15 0 and Trimmit Applications (Phyto) 3 3 6 4 6 lsd p=.05 10-19, 10-27, 11-02, 11-09 03-15, 03-21, 03-29, 04-06 27-Oct 2-Nov 9-Nov 28-Mar 13-Apr 2010-11: Lake Wheeler Turf Field Lab Amicarb 1 oz Oct-Nov weekly Amicar+Trim 1 oz each Oct-Nov weekly Amicarb 1 oz Mar-Apr weekly Amicar+Trim 1 oz each Mar-Apr weekly Amicarb 1 oz Fall and Spring weekly Amicar+Trim 1 oz each Fall and Spring weekly Trimmit 1 pt/a Oct-Dec & Mar-May Check 0.25% Induce except Trimmit alone
Photo Nov 17, 2010 (4 WAIT)
% Stand Reduction Tolerance of A4 Bentgrass to Amicarbazone and Trimmit Applications (Stand Reduction) 60 45 30 15 0 19 18 14 10 6 3 lsd p=.05 15-Dec 10-Jan 16-Feb 28-Mar 27-Apr 25-May 2010-11: Lake Wheeler Turf Field Lab Amicarb 1 oz Oct-Nov weekly Amicar+Trim 1 oz each Oct-Nov weekly Amicarb 1 oz Mar-Apr weekly Amicar+Trim 1 oz each Mar-Apr weekly Amicarb 1 oz Fall and Spring weekly Amicar+Trim 1 oz each Fall and Spring weekly Trimmit 1 pt/a Oct-Dec & Mar-May Check 0.25% Induce except Trimmit alone
No injury symptoms Amicarb + Trimmit + NIS 1 oz/a + 1 fl oz/a + 0.25% Fall and Spring (8 apps) Photo Apr 27, 2011 Thin bentgrass Amicarb + NIS 1 oz/a + 0.25% Fall and Spring (8 apps) Photo Apr 27, 2011
Amicarbazone on Overseeded Ryegrass Prior to overseeding 5 to 10 oz/a 1 wk before overseeding if annual bluegrass has germinated!!! After overseeding 2 to 4 oz/a twice at 2 to 3 wk intervals Start treatment when ryegrass begins active growth in spring Slight injury may occur 1 to 2 wk after treatment
3 oz/a 3 oz/a Dec 8 and Dec 20 Dec 20 2011 2011 Ryegrass overseeded Oct 11, 2011 Belvedere Golf Club
Nontreated Photo Apr 6, 2010 Amicarbazone 3 oz/a Mar 16 and Apr 6, 2010 Tobacco Road Golf Club
% Control Postemergence Annual Bluegrass Control Using Amicarbazone 70WG 8 lsd p=.05 100 80 60 Amicarbazone + Induce 3 oz/a + 0.25% Amicarbazone + Induce 4 oz/a + 0.25% 40 20 Amicarbazone + Induce 5 oz/a + 0.25% 0 POAAN Apr 29 2010: Tobacco Road Golf Club Check Applied Mar 16 and Apr 6
Common Winter Annual Broadleaf Weeds Henbit Chickweed species Carolina geranium Hairy bittercress Yellow woodsorrel Hop clover Speedwell species Parsley-piert Lawn burweed Knawel Vetch species Facelis Swinecress Purple deadnettle Shepherds-purse Virginia pepperweed Field pansy Buttercup species
Common Cool Season Perennial Broadleaf Weeds Dandelion species White clover Plantain species Cudweed species Mock strawberry Dichondra Wild violet Primrose species Mallow species Florida betony
Postemergence Broadleaf Weed Herbicides Labeled for Warm or Cool Season Turf Use 2,4-D Mecoprop Dicamba Weedar 64 MCPP-p 4 Amine Banvel, Vanquish Three-way mixes: Triplet SF, Three-Way Selective Trimec many formulations (southern) MCPA and / or triclopyr-containing products Tri-Power, Cool Power, Horsepower Clopyralid-containing products (legumes) (not for home use) Lontrel, Confront, Millennium Ultra, Millennium Ultra 2
Postemergence Broadleaf Weed Herbicides Labeled for Warm or Cool Season Turf Use Carfentrazone-containing products (quicker burndown) Power Zone, Speed Zone, Speed Zone Southern, Quicksilver Fluroxypyr-containing products (woody plants-buttonweed) Escalade, Escalade Low Odor, Escalade 2 Metsulfuron-containing products Manor, Blindside Penoxsulam: Lockup formulations
Postemergence Broadleaf Weed Herbicides Labeled for Warm or Cool Season Turf Use Sulfentrazone-containing products (quicker burndown) Dismiss, Dismiss Southern, Surge, Tzone Pyraflufen-containing products (even quicker burndown!!!) Octane, 4-Speed, 4-Speed XT Warm Season Turf Use Only Celsius 68WG (registered in 2010)
8.7% 1.9% 57.4% Thiencarbazone + Iodosulfuron + Dicamba (68WG) Bermuda, zoysia, centipede and St. Augustinegrass Golf, sod production, residential, commercial properties, sports facilities, roadsides Post plus preemergent (residual) control up to 60 days on some weeds
Celsius WG Mix with Quicksilver or Octane to increase speed of control in periods of cool weather Can tankmix with Revolver, Sencor, Ronstar Flo or WP Best results when average daily temp. > 60 F Reduced risk of significant phytotoxicity with applications made at high temperatures Non-ionic surfactant or methylated seed oil improves control
Celsius WG Applications Rates: 2.5, 3.7, or 4.9 oz/a Maximum use rate of 7.4 oz/a annually 2.5 oz/a applied 3 times, 2-4 wks apart as needed 3.7 oz/a applied 2 times, 2-4 wks apart as needed 4.9 fb 2.5 oz/a, 2-4 wks apart as needed
Two modes of action Celsius WG Acetolactate synthase (ALS inhibitor affects secondary root system) Synthetic auxin growth regulation (twist and curl some weeds like 2,4-D injury symptoms)
Celsius WG 2.5 oz/a 3.7 oz/a 4.9 oz/a Common chickweed Carolina geranium Cudweed spp. Dandelion Chamberbitter Field pansy Corn speedwell Wild violet Florida betony Henbit Mouseear chickweed Lawn burweed Parsley-piert White clover Tall fescue Hairy bittercress Wild garlic
Postemergence Broadleaf Weed Control in Tall Fescue - Fall timings ideal if fescue is established, especially for henbit control - henbit will be extremely difficult to control if wait to spray in the winter or spring - Many herbicides available (2,4-D, mecoprop, dicamba, triclopyr, fluroxypyr, sulfentrazone, carfentrazone combinations)
% Control Henbit control averaged over 1997-2007 100 80 Millenium Ultra 2 1-1.25 qt Escalade 2 1-1.5 qt Trimec Classic 1.5-1.75 qt 60 40 50 39 38 43 42 Confront 1-2 pt Coolpower 1-1.5 qt 20 0 Rates are product per acre, averaged across formulations, locations, years.
Trimec Classic 3.5 pt/a: Apr 11, 2005 (4 WAT)
Check Escalade 2 4EC 3 pt/a Applied 10-22-09 Photo 11-17-09
Preemergence Crabgrass and Goosegrass Control in Bermudagrass Same DNA and pyridine herbicide choices as fescue Bayer: Specticle 20WSP (indaziflam): 2010 label Crabgrass, goosegrass, annual sedges, poa annua BASF: Tower 6L (dimethenamid): 2011 Label Goosegrass control; crabgrass suppression
Specticle 20WSP Acceptable Turf Sites Golf course turf not putting greens Sod farms Sports fields Home and commercial lawns Parks Cemeteries
Specticle 20WSP General Use: Do not exceed 7.1 oz/a per calendar year Do not apply to newly seeded turf (<1-yr establishment).
Specticle 20WSP Specific use rates (oz/a) Crabgrass spp. 2.5 to 4.375 Goosegrass 3.75 to 5 Annual bluegrass Annual sedge 3.75 to 5 Broadleaf weeds 2.5 to 5 2.5 to 3.75 (Aug-Sep) Also controls barnyardgrass, foxtail spp., ryegrass spp., green kyllinga Also has early POST activity
Specticle 20WSP Tolerant turf species Max. single rate (oz/a) Centipedegrass 2.5 St. Augustinegrass 2.5 Bermudagrass 5 Zoysiagrass 5 Seashore paspalum 5 Buffalograss 5 Bahiagrass 5
Specticle 20WSP Broadleaf spectrum similar to DNA & triazine herbicides doesn t stain like DNAs Cellulose biosynthesis inhibitor (alkylazine herbicide family) Long soil residual (overseeding concerns) Sold as water soluble packets
Specticle 20WSP Rate (oz/a) Overseeding Intervals 2.5 8 months 3.75 12 months 4.375 12 months 5.0 12 months
Specticle 20WSP Restrictions and Comments Stay 25 away from bodies of water Stay 15 away from susceptible turf species Sprigs: If spray first, sprig 2 months later If sprig first, spray 4 months later Sod: If spray first, sod 4 months later If sod first, spray 2 months after growth
% Control Pre Smooth Crabgrass Control in Common Bermuda Using Specticle and Barricade 4F 15 LSD (P=.05) 100 80 Specticle 20WP 1.78 oz/a 60 Specticle 20WP 5.35 oz/a 40 20 Barricade 4F 1.5 pt/a 0 30-Sep 2009: Thorndale Country Club Check Applied Mar 12
% Control Pre Smooth Crabgrass Control in Tall Fescue Using Specticle and Barricade 4F 24 LSD (P=.05) 100 80 Specticle 20WP 1.78 oz/a 60 Specticle 20WP 5.35 oz/a 40 20 Barricade 4F 1.5 pt/a 0 1-Oct 2009: Wesleyan College Check Applied Mar 9
% Control Corn Speedwell and Smooth Crabgrass Control in Common Bermudagrass with Specticle and Ronstar 100 80 60 40 20 5 3 lsd p=.05 Ronstar 38 Flo 3.17SC 3 lb ai/a Mar 9 Specticle 20WP 5 oz/a Mar 9 Specticle 20WP 2.5 oz/a Apr 22 0 VERAR May 7 DIGIS Sep 2 2010: Sandhills Station Check
Specticle 20WP 2.5 oz/a Applied Apr 22, 2010 Photo Jun 7
Nontreated Photo Jun 7, 2010
Specticle 20WSP 2.5 oz/a Applied Apr 22, 2010; photo 10-28-10 Sandhills Station
Nontreated 10-28-10 Sandhills Station
PRE Weed Management Strategies Dimethenamid (Tower) Labeled in 2010 for golf course use only Supplemental label expires Oct 1, 2014 for sod farm, commercial, recreational, home turf Poor crabgrass but excellent goosegrass control 21 to 32 fl oz/acre rate (do not exceed 64 fl oz/year) Bermuda, centipede, zoysia, St. Augustine tolerant
% Control Pre Goosegrass Control in Common Bermuda Using Specticle 20WP, Tower 6L & Ronstar Formulations 100 80 13 13 9 lsd p=.05 Ronstar 38 Flo 2.5 qt/a Ronstar 38 Flo 3.78 qt/a Specticle 1.25 oz/a 60 40 20 0 5-May 7-Jul 7-Sep 2010: Plymouth Country Club Specticle 2.5 oz/a Tower 1 qt/a Tower fb Tower Mar-Apr 1 qt fb 1 qt/a Pend. Aquacap 3.8CS 3.16 qt/a Ronstar 2G 150 lb/a Check
Specticle 20WSP 2.5 oz/acre Applied Mar 8, 2010 Photo: Aug 19, 2010 Goosegrass Nontreated Photo: Aug 19, 2010 Plymouth Country Club
Tower 1 qt/a Mar 8 and Apr 20 Photo Aug 2, 2010 Check
% Control POAAN Control in Common Bermuda Using Specticle 20WP and Barricade 65WG 100 80 60 40 20 0 28 29 22 15 lsd p=.05 4-Jan 7-Feb 1-Mar 4-Apr 2010-11: Thorndale Country Club Specticle 2.5 oz/a Sep 2 (Pre) Specticle 2.5 oz/a Oct 5 (1 leaf) Specticle 2.5 oz/a Nov 8 (1 tiller) Specticle 3.75 oz/a Sep 2 (Pre) Specticle 3.75 oz/a Oct 5 (1 leaf) Specticle 3.75 oz/a Nov 8 (1 tiller) Barricade 1.15 lb/a Sep 2 and Nov 8 Barricade 1.15 lb/a Sep 2 (Pre) Check
% Control Pre POAAN, LOLPE, APHAR and DIGIS Control Using Specticle 20WP and Barricade 4FL 100 13 8 10 21 21 lsd p=.05 Specticle 2.5 oz/a 80 Specticle 3.75 oz/a 60 Specticle 5.35 oz/a 40 20 Barricade 1 pt/a 0 POAAN May 3 APHAR May 3 DIGIS Sep 8 Barricade 1.5 pt/a Check 2009-10: Wake County Applied Sep 15, 2009
% Control Preemergence POAAN and DIGIS Control Using Specticle 20WP and Barricade 4FL 100 6 26 17 23 32 lsd p=.05 Specticle 2.5 oz/a 80 Specticle 3.75 oz/a 60 Specticle 5.35 oz/a 40 20 Barricade 1 pt/a 0 POAAN May 3 DIGIS Jul 6 DIGIS SEP 7 Barricade 1.5 pt/a Check 2009-10: Thorndale Country Club Applied Sep 15, 2009
Nontreated POAAN: photo Apr 12 DIGIS: photo Jun 7
Specticle 20WP 2.5 oz/a Applied Sep 15, 2009 POAAN: photo Apr 12 DIGIS: photo Jun 7
Specticle 20WP 3.75 oz/a Applied Sep 15, 2009 POAAN: photo Apr 12 DIGIS: photo Jun 7
Specticle 20WP 5.35 oz/a Applied Sep 15, 2009 POAAN: photo Apr 12 DIGIS: photo Jun 7
Barricade 4F 1.5 pt/a Applied Sep 15, 2009 POAAN: photo Apr 12 DIGIS: photo Jun 7
% cover Tolerance of overseeded ryegrass to March-applied indaziflam 100 80 Indaziflam - 15 g Indaziflam - 25 g 60 Indaziflam - 35 g Indaziflam - 50 g 40 20 30 33 31 30 30 31 31 30 Indaziflam - 70 g Indaziflam - 50 fb 35 g Prodiamine - 825 g Nontreated 0 LSD = NS Data collected Sept 29 (11 DAOS), rates are g ai/ha, single applications applied March 11, sequential applied May 11.
% cover Tolerance of overseeded ryegrass to March-applied indaziflam 100 80 60 68 73 71 66 66 69 70 64 Indaziflam - 15 g Indaziflam - 25 g Indaziflam - 35 g Indaziflam - 50 g 40 Indaziflam - 70 g Indaziflam - 50 fb 35 g 20 Prodiamine - 825 g Nontreated 0 LSD = NS Data collected October 13 (25 DAOS), rates are g ai/ha, single applications applied March 11, sequential applied May 11.
% of nontreated Effect of indaziflam or prodiamine on Tifway 419 bermudagrass root mass 160 LSD = NS LSD = NS 140 120 100 80 135 97 79 122 103 68 Indaz 53 (fall) fb 35 g (l. winter) Indaz 35 (fall) fb 53 g (l. winter) 60 40 Prod 825 (fall) fb 825 g (l. winter) 20 0 After 1 year After 2 years Data collected Sept/Oct 2010/2011, rates are g ai/ha. Sandhills Research Station.