WORD: Absolute Value DEFINITION: The distance from zero, distance is always positive. WORD: Absolute Value Function DEFINITION: A function whose rule contains an absolute value expression. EXAMPLE(S) COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): EXAMPLE(S): COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): WORD: Acute Angle DEFINITION: Angle that measures greater than but less than. WORD: Adjacent Angles DEFINITION: Angles in the same plane that have a common vertex and common side. WORD: Alternate Exterior Angles DEFINITION: For two lines cut by a transversal, a pair of angles that lies on opposite sides of the transversal and outside the other two lines. WORD: Alternate Interior Angles DEFINITION: For two lines cut by a transversal, a pair of nonadjacent angles that lie on opposite sides of the transversal and between the other two lines.
WORD: Arithmetic Sequence DEFINITION: a sequence whose successive terms have a common difference (like a linear function). WORD: Associative Property DEFINITION: (a+b)+c=a+(b+c) and (a*b)*c=a*(b*c) EXAMPLE(S) COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): EXAMPLE(S): COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): WORD: Asymptote DEFINITION: a line that a graph gets closer to as the value of a variable becomes extremely large or extremely small. WORD: Axis of Symmetry DEFINITION: a line that divides a figure into two congruent halves. WORD: Biased Question DEFINITION: a question that leads people to give a certain answer. WORD: Biased Sample DEFINITION: a sample that does not fairly represent the population.
WORD: Binomial DEFINITION: a polynomial with two terms. WORD: Bisect DEFINITION: to divide into two congruent parts. EXAMPLE(S) COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): EXAMPLE(S): COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): WORD: Boundary Line DEFINITION: a line that divides a coordinate plane into two half-planes. WORD: Box and Whisker Plot DEFINITION: a method of showing data that utilizes the median, minimum, maximum, and quartiles. WORD: Coefficient DEFINITION: the number that is multiplied by a variable. WORD: Common Difference DEFINITION: in an arithmetic sequence, the nonzero constant difference between any term and the pervious term.
WORD: Common Ratio DEFINITION: in a geometric sequence, the constant ratio of any term to the previous term. WORD: Commutative Property DEFINITION: a+b=b+a and a*b=b*a EXAMPLE(S) COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): EXAMPLE(S): COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): WORD: Complementary Angles DEFINITION: two angles whose measure have a sum of. WORD: Completing the Square DEFINITION: a process used to form a perfect-square trinomial. to complete the square of add. WORD: Complex Fraction DEFINITION: a fraction that contains one or more fractions within the numerator and/or denominator. WORD: Composite Figure DEFINITION: a figure made up of multiple shapes.
WORD: Compound Interest DEFINITION: interest earned or paid on principal and previously earned or paid interest. WORD: Compound Inequality DEFINITION: two inequalities that are combined into one statement. EXAMPLE(S) COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): EXAMPLE(S): COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): WORD: Cone DEFINITION: a three-dimensional figure with one vertex and one circular base. WORD: Congruent DEFINITION: having the same size and shape, denoted with. WORD: Constant DEFINITION: a value that does not change. WORD: Coordinate Plane DEFINITION: a plane formed by the intersection or a horizontal number line and a vertical number line.
WORD: Correlation DEFINITION: the description of the relationship between two data sets. WORD: Corresponding Angles DEFINITION: for two lines cut by a transversal, a pair of angles that lie on the same side of the transversal and on the same side of the other two lines. EXAMPLE(S) COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): EXAMPLE(S): COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): WORD: Cube (geometric) DEFINITION: a rectangular prism with six congruent square faces. WORD: Cube (numeration) DEFINITION: a number raised to the third power. WORD: Cube Root WORD: Cylinder DEFINITION: a number, written, whose cube is x. DEFINITION: a three-dimensional figure with two parallel, congruent circular bases connected by a curved lateral surface.
WORD: Dependent Events DEFINITION: events for which the occurrence or nonoccurrence of one even affects the probability of the other event. WORD: Dependent Variable DEFINITION: the output of a function; a variable whose value depends on the value of the input, or independent variable. EXAMPLE(S) COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): EXAMPLE(S): COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): WORD: Degree of a Polynomial DEFINITION: the highest power of the variable in a polynomial. WORD: Difference of Two Squares DEFINITION: a polynomial of the form which may be written as the product. WORD: Discriminant DEFINITION: the discriminant of a quadratic equation is ; it tells how many real solutions the quadratic function will have. WORD: Domain DEFINITION: the set of all inputs/x-values of a relation or function.
WORD: Element/Entry DEFINITION: each member in a set or matrix. WORD: Elimination Method DEFINITION: a method of solving systems of equations in which one variable is eliminated by adding or subtracting two equations of the system. EXAMPLE(S) COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): EXAMPLE(S): COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): WORD: Empty Set DEFINITION: a set with no elements. WORD: Experimental Probability DEFINITION: the ratio of the number of times an event occurs to the number of trials an activity/experiment is performed. WORD: Exponent DEFINITION: the number that indicates how many times the base is used as a factor. WORD: Exponential Decay DEFINITION: an exponential function of the form in which. is the initial value and is the decay factor.
WORD: Exponential Function DEFINITION: a function of the form, where and are real numbers,,, and. WORD: Exponential Growth DEFINITION: an exponential function of the form in which. is the initial value and is the growth factor. EXAMPLE(S) COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): EXAMPLE(S): COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): WORD: Factoring DEFINITION: the process of writing a number of algebraic expression as a product of factors. WORD: Fibonacci Sequence DEFINITION: the infinite sequence of numbers in which each term is the sum of the two previous terms. Named for thirteenth century mathematician Leonardo Fibonacci. WORD: First Quartile DEFINITION: the median of the lower half of a data set, denoted Q1. Also called lower quartile. WORD: FOIL DEFINITION: a memory device for multiplying two binomials. FIRST, OUTSIDE, INSIDE, LAST.
WORD: Function DEFINITION: a relation in which every domain value is paired with exactly one range value. WORD: Function Notation DEFINITION: if is the independent variable and is the dependent variable, then the function notation for is, which reads. EXAMPLE(S) COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): EXAMPLE(S): COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): WORD: Geometric Sequence DEFINITION: a sequence in which the ratio of successive terms is a constant, called the common ratio, where. WORD: Hypotenuse DEFINITION: the side opposite the right angle in a right triangle. The longest side of any right triangle. WORD: Independent Events DEFINITION: events for which the occurrence or nonoccurrence of one event does not affect the probability of the other events. WORD: Independent Variable DEFINITION: the input in a function; a variable whose value determines the value of the output, or dependent variable.
WORD: Inequality DEFINITION: a statement that compares two expressions by using one of the following signs:. WORD: Inverse DEFINITION: The relation formed when the independent variable is exchanged with the dependent variable in a given relation. The inverse may or may not be a function. Graphed by reflecting across the line. EXAMPLE(S) COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): EXAMPLE(S): COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): WORD: Irrational Number DEFINITION: a real number that cannot be expressed as the ratio of two integers. WORD: Line of Best Fit DEFINITION: the line that comes closest to all of the points in a data set. Also called the least-squared line; found using regression. WORD: Linear Function DEFINITION: a function that can be written in the form! where is the independent variable, and! and are real numbers. The graph is a straight line. WORD: Linear Regression DEFINITION: a statistical method used to find a linear model to a data set.
WORD: Mapping Diagram DEFINITION: a diagram that shows the relationship of elements in the domain to elements in the range of a relation or function. WORD: Matrix DEFINITION: a rectangular array of elements. EXAMPLE(S) COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): EXAMPLE(S): COUNTEREXAMPLE(S): WORD: Maximum Value of a Function DEFINITION: the y-value of the highest point on the graph of a function. WORD: Measure of Central Tendency DEFINITION: a measure that describes the center of a data set (mean, median, mode). WORD: Midpoint DEFINITION: the point that divides a segment into two congruent segments. WORD: Minimum Value of a Function DEFINITION: the y-value of the lowest point on the graph of a function.
WORD: Natural Number DEFINITION: a counting number. WORD: Negative Correlation DEFINITION: two data sets have a negative correlation if one set of data values increases as the other set decreases. WORD: Negative Exponent DEFINITION: for any nonzero real number and any integer ", #$ % &. WORD: No Correlation DEFINITION: two data sets have no correlation if there is no relationship between the sets of values. WORD: Outlier DEFINITION: a data value that is far removed from the rest of the data. found by 1.5*Interquartile Range above and below the Interquartile range. WORD: Parabola DEFINITION: the shape of the graph of a quadratic function.
WORD: Parallel Lines DEFINITION: lines in the same plant that do not intersect. WORD: Perfect Square DEFINITION: a number whose positive square root is a whole number. WORD: Plane DEFINITION: a flat surface that has no thickness and extends forever. WORD: Point-Slope Form DEFINITION: the point-slope form of a linear equation is %! %, where! is the slope and % % is a point on the line. WORD: Polynomial DEFINITION: an expression having two or more algebraic terms. WORD: Population DEFINITION: the entire group of objects or individuals considered for a survey or sample.
WORD: Positive Correlation DEFINITION: two data sets have a positive correlation if both sets of data values increase. WORD: Power of a Power Property DEFINITION: if is any nonzero real number and! and " are integers, then $ $. WORD: Power of a Product Property DEFINITION: if and are any nonzero real numbers and " is any integer, then $ $ $. WORD: Power of a Quotient Property DEFINITION: if and are any nonzero real numbers and " is any integer, then ' $ ' & &. WORD: Probability DEFINITION: a number from 0 to 1 that is the measure of how likely an event is to occur. WORD: Power of Powers Property DEFINITION: if is any nonzero real number and! and " are integers, then $ $.
WORD: Product Property of Square Roots WORD: Pythagorean Theorem DEFINITION: For and,. DEFINITION: if a right triangle has legs of lengths and and a hypotenuse of length, then. WORD: Quadratic Equation DEFINITION: an equation that can be written in the form where ()* are real numbers and. WORD: Quadratic Formula DEFINITION: the formula #+, #-'. which gives solutions, or roots, of a quadratic equation in standard form. ' WORD: Quadratic Function DEFINITION: a function whose standard form is written where ()* are real numbers and. The graph is a parabola. WORD: Quartile DEFINITION: the median of the upper and lower half of a set of data. First Quartile (Q1) and Third quartile (Q3).
WORD: Quotient of Powers Property DEFINITION: if is any nonzero real number and! and " are integers, then '& ' / #$. WORD: Quotient Property of Square Roots DEFINITION: For and, 0 ' '. WORD: Radical Symbol DEFINITION: the symbol used to denote a root. The symbol is used alone to indicate a square root or with an index & to indicate the nth root. WORD: Radicand DEFINITION: the expression under a radical sign. WORD: Range of a Function DEFINITION: the set of all y-value. WORD: Rational Exponent DEFINITION: an exponent that can be expressed as $ when! and " are integers, then / & &.
WORD: Rational Number DEFINITION: a number that can be written in the form ', where and are integers and. WORD: Rationalizing the Denominator DEFINITION: a method of rewriting a fraction by multiplying by another fraction that is equivalent to 1 in order to remove radical terms from the denominator. WORD: Real Number DEFINITION: a rational or irrational number. Every point on the number line represents a real number. WORD: Reciprocal DEFINITION: for a real number, the reciprocal of is %. The ' product of reciprocals is 1. WORD: Residual DEFINITION: the signed vertical distance between a data point and a line of fit. WORD: Sample Space DEFINITION: the set of all possible outcomes of a probability experiment.
WORD: Scale Factor DEFINITION: the multiplier used on each dimension to change one figure into a similar figure. WORD: Scatter Plot DEFINITION: a graph with points plotted to show a possible relationship between two sets of data. WORD: Sequence DEFINITION: a list of terms (usually numbers) that form a patter. WORD: Slope-Intercept Form DEFINITION: the slope-intercept form of a linear equation is!, where! is the slope and is the y-intercept. WORD: Solution of a System of Equations DEFINITION: any ordered pair(s) that satisfies all the equations in a system. WORD: Solution of a System of Inequalities DEFINITION: any ordered pairs that satisfy all the inequalities in a system.
WORD: Solution Set DEFINITION: the set of values that make a statement true. WORD: Standard Form of a Linear Equation DEFINITION: 12 where 1()*2 are real numbers and ()*1 are not both 0. WORD: Standard Form of a Polynomial DEFINITION: a polynomial when the terms are in order from greatest degree to least degree. WORD: Standard Form of a Quadratic Equation DEFINITION: 132, where 1()*2 are real numbers and. WORD: Substitution Method DEFINITION: a method used to solve systems of equations for one variable and substituting the resulting expression into the other equation(s). WORD: Surface Area DEFINITION: the total area of all faces and curved surfaces of a three-dimensional figure.
WORD: System of Linear Equations DEFINITION: a system of equations in which all of the equations are linear. WORD: System of Linear Inequalities DEFINITION: a system of inequalities in which all of the inequalities are linear. WORD: Third Quartile DEFINITION: the median of the upper half of a data set, denoted Q3. Also called upper quartile. WORD: Transformation DEFINITION: a change in the position, size, and/or shape of a figure (rotation, reflection, translation, dilation). WORD: Trend Line DEFINITION: a line on a scatter plot that helps show the correlation between data sets more clearly. WORD: Trinomial DEFINITION: a polynomial with three terms.
WORD: Unit Rate DEFINITION: a rate in which the second quantity in the comparison is one unit. WORD: Vertex of a Parabola DEFINITION: the maximum or minimum point on the parabola. WORD: Vertical Angles DEFINITION: the nonadjacent angles formed by intersecting lines WORD: Vertical Line Test DEFINITION: a test used to determine whether a relation is a function. if any vertical line crosses the graph of a relation more than once, the relation is not a function. WORD: X-Intercept DEFINITION: the point(s) where the graph intercepts the x- axis. WORD: Y-Intercept DEFINITION: the point(s) where the graph intercepts the y- axis.
WORD: Zero Exponent DEFINITION: for any nonzero real number, 4. WORD: Zero of a Function DEFINITION: for the function, any number such that. WORD: WORD: DEFINITION: DEFINITION: WORD: WORD: DEFINITION: DEFINITION: