Skills Worksheet Directed Reading B Section: Structures of Seed Plants 1. What moves water and minerals through a plant? a. xylem c. seeds b. phloem d. rhizomes 2. What moves food to all plant parts? a. xylem c. seeds b. phloem d. rhizomes ROOTS 3. Where are most roots found? a. above ground c. underground b. in water d. in seeds Root Functions 4. What do roots supply for a plant? a. protection c. water and minerals b. sunlight d. xylem and phloem 5. What holds plants in the soil? a. stems c. xylem b. roots d. phloem 6. Which of the following is a function of roots? a. They store food. b. They get rid of extra water. c. They capture energy from the sun. d. They release minerals. Holt Science and Technology 29 Introduction to Plants
Root Structure 7. What are the cells covering a root called? a. root cap c. epidermis b. stem d. root hairs 8. What helps roots get more water? a. root tip c. root hairs b. stem d. root cap 9. What does the root cap protect? a. stem c. root hairs b. food supply d. root tip 10. What part of the root produces a slimy substance? a. root hairs c. root cap b. root tip d. xylem Root Systems 11. What is a root system with one main root called? a. root stem c. taproot b. root cap d. fibrous root 12. What is the name of a root system with several roots that are usually the same size? a. root stem c. taproot b. root cap d. fibrous root STEMS Stem Functions 13. Where are most stems found? a. in roots c. in water b. underground d. above ground Holt Science and Technology 30 Introduction to Plants
Read the words in the box. Read the sentences. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. water shoots support roots 14. Stems the plant. 15. Stems connect a plant s to its leaves. 16. Stems move materials between the roots and. 17. Some stems store. Herbaceous Stems 18. What are stems that are soft, thin, and flexible called? a. xylem b. phloem c. herbaceous stems d. woody stems 19. Which of the following has a herbaceous stem? a. bean plant b. shrub c. oak tree d. pine tree Holt Science and Technology 31 Introduction to Plants
Woody Stems 20. What are rigid stems made of wood and bark called? a. xylen b. phloem c. herbaceous stems d. woody stems 21. What is the name of a ring of dark cells surrounding a ring of light cells in a woody stem? a. wood ring b. cross section c. growth ring d. stem LEAVES 22. What size and shape are leaves? a. many shapes and sizes b. small and heart-shaped c. round and large d. fan-shaped and large Leaf Functions Read the description. Then, draw a line from the dot next to each description to the matching word. 23. captures energy from sunlight 24. leaves get this from air 25. made from carbon dioxide and water a. food b. carbon dioxide c. chloroplast Holt Science and Technology 32 Introduction to Plants
Leaf Structure Read the description. Then, draw a line from the dot next to each description to the matching word. 26. under the cuticle 27. tiny opening that lets carbon dioxide enter the leaf 28. stops water loss from a leaf 29. open and close the stomata a. guard cell b. cuticle c. stomata d. epidermis Leaf Adaptations 30. modified leaves of cactus 31. has leaves modified to catch insects 32. where a sundew gets nitrogen a. insects b. sundew c. spines FLOWERS 33. Why do some plants have flowers? a. to attract animals c. to keep animals away b. to look pretty d. to attract wind Sepals and Petals 34. What protects flower buds? a. sepals c. roots b. petals d. seeds 35. What parts of the flower are broad, leaflike, and attract animals? a. sepals c. roots b. petals d. seeds Holt Science and Technology 33 Introduction to Plants
Stamens and Pistils Read the words in the box. Read the sentences. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. stamen ovary pistil 36. The stigma, style, and ovary are parts of the. 37. A fruit develops from the. 38. The filament and anther are parts of the. 39. What is the male part of a flower called? a. pistil b. ovule c. style d. stamen 40. What is the female part of a flower called? a. pistil b. filament c. anther d. stamen 41. What part of a flower contains the ovules? a. pistil b. stamen c. ovary d. filament Holt Science and Technology 34 Introduction to Plants
The Importance of Flowers Read the words in the box. Read the sentences. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. cloves broccoli chamomile 42. One flower that can be eaten is. 43. One flower that can be used to make tea is. 44. One flower that can be used as a spice is. Holt Science and Technology 35 Introduction to Plants
TEACHER RESOURCE PAGE 36. Answers will vary. Sample answers: in floral arrangements; as food; to make tea; as spices; in perfumes, lotions, and shampoos 37. J 38. A 39. H 40. I 41. C 42. E 43. G 44. B 45. D 46. F Directed Reading B SECTION: WHAT IS A PLANT? 1. B 12. C 2. C 13. D 3. D 14. A 4. C 15. B 5. C 16. C 6. vacuole 17. A 7. chloroplast 18. B 8. cell membrane 19. plants 9. cell wall 20. cell walls 10. C 21. ancestor 11. A 22. photosynthesis SECTION: SEEDLESS PLANTS 1. C 12. A 2. B 13. C 3. B 14. B 4. C 15. silica 5. B 16. stems 6. B 17. club mosses 7. C 18. mosses 8. A 19. A 9. B 20. A 10. A 21. B 11. D SECTION: SEED PLANTS 1. A 11. C 2. B 12. D 3. B 13. D 4. A 14. C 5. B 15. A 6. D 16. B 7. A 17. D 8. B 18. B 9. D 19. A 10. A 20. C 21. D 28. seeds 22. A 29. fur 23. B 30. monocot 24.flowers 31. dicot 25. pollen 32. B 26. fruit 33. C 27. wind 34. A SECTION: STRUCTURES OF SEED PLANTS 1. A 23. C 2. B 24. B 3. C 25. A 4. C 26. D 5. B 27. C 6. A 28. B 7. C 29. A 8. C 30. C 9. D 31. B 10. C 32. A 11. C 33. A 12. D 34. A 13. D 35. B 14. support 36. pistil 15. roots 37. ovary 16. shoots 38. stamen 17. water 39. D 18. C 40. A 19. A 41. C 20. D 42. broccoli 21. C 43. chamomile 22. A 44. cloves Vocabulary and Section Summary SECTION: WHAT IS A PLANT? 1. nonvascular plants: the three groups of plants (liverworts, hornworts, and mosses) that lack specialized conducting tissues and true roots, stems, and leaves 2. vascular plant: a plant that has specialized tissues that conduct materials from one part of the plant to another 3. gymnosperm: a woody, vascular seed plant whose seeds are not enclosed by an ovary or fruit 4. angiosperm: a flowering plant that produces seeds within a fruit Holt Science and Technology 110 Introduction to Plants