Db ^okpw timgbpw: saun- hnzym-`ymkw hgn-hm-wn-`-ambn

tkmjyenãv bqwn n sk Hm^v C y (IΩyqWnÃv) kwÿm\ IΩn n apj]{xw HIvtSm_ 2016 hmeyw 43 e w 6 No^v FUn : kn. si. eqt mkv t]pv 16 hne 5.00 cq] Db ^okpw timgbpw: saun hnzym`ymkw hgnhmwn`ambn B ptxmdpw \SØnhcmdpff kzm{ibsaun {]thi\icm H phbv en\pw {]Xn] w hgn]m Spt]mse \SØp {]Xntj[ kacøn\pw CØhWbpw am ap mbn. IYbv pw Xnc Ybv pw hyxymkan. A`nt\Xm ƒ \mbi hn thjßƒ ]ckv]cw ssiamdn XßfpsS tdmƒ `wknbmbn BSnØo Øp. Ign h jw hn thjøn bpunf^v t\xm fmbncps n CØhWbXv F UnF^v t\xm ƒ Gs SpØp. ]ckv]cw `cw {]Xn] t\xm ƒ \SØnb cmjv{sob a bp Øns kam]\øn ]Xnhpt]mse kzm{ib saun amt\ppsa piƒ p timsnifpss A[nIem`w Dd m s ncn p p. Cu h jw F UnF^v k m A[nImcØn h bpss\ kzm{ib amt\ Ppsa piƒs Xnsc hn phogvnbn mø bp w \SØm t]mip psh {]XoXn P\n n pibp mbn. ticfønse kzm{ib saun ko piƒ 100 ixam \hpw k m Gs Sp p psh {]Jym ]\w BtcmKya{ n {ioaxn si.si.ssiep \SØnbtXmsSbmWv kzm{ib cwksø ]pxnb^okv h \hn\pw timgbv pw IfsamcpßnbXv.saUn cwkøv sadn v ]q Æambn ]p\xÿm]n m t]mip psh {]XoXn P\n n psim v \qdv ixam\w ko pifnepw GIo IrX ^okv LS\bpsS t]cn Db ^okv G s SpØm\p HØpIfnbmbncp p AXv F v t_m ys txmss henb {]Xntj[ap mbn. F m ko pifnepw sadn v ]men psa pw k m ko nse ^okv G s SpØpsa pw ]d psim v bym Øn \nehnep (tijw 2 mw t]pn ) tamznk mcns hnzym`ymkhncp \bßƒs Xnsc FsFUnFkvH sk]vxw_ 27 \v kwlsn n ]m esa v am v Imivao {]iv\w: ]cnlmcøns Zni GXv? Imivao hnjbsø A[nIcn v C y ]miv AXn Ønbn kwl jw krjvsn s ncn pibmwt m. AXn ØnIS p `oic {]h Ø\w hensbmcp {]iv\ambn amdnbncn p p. F m AXns\ t\cnsms\ t]cn ti{µk m kzoicn p \S]SnIƒ {]iv\sø hjfm pi am{xta snøp p q. FkvbpknsF (IΩyqWnÃv) P\d sk{i dn kjmhv {]hmjv tlmjv, bp `oxn ]S Øp \b\s]sn Iƒ {]iv\øn\v ]cnlmcamin, adn v {]iv\sø hjfm pitb D q F v {]kvxmhn n p v. \ΩpsS cmpyøns ]ndhntbmssm wxs ssiimcyw sntø nh Imivao {]iv\øns imkv{xobhpw bp nklhpw am\pjnihpamb ]cnlmcam w F mwv? Cu hnjbsø A[nIcn v FkvbpknsF (IΩyqWnÃv) ti{µ Ωn nbwkw kjmhv IrjvW N{Ih Øn tjm nbm kw`høns ] møeøn Imivao IepjnXambncn ptºmƒ 2010 \hw_dn I Øbnse bqwnthgvkn n C Ãn yq v lmfn \SØnb {]kwkw Imivaocns Ncn{X] møew hy am p Hcp apjhpctbmssm w NphsS \ IpIbmWv. sadn v amt\pvsa v Izm ^okpiƒ GIo Icn v Db ^okv Xcs SpØphm amt\pvsa piƒ v Ahkcw Hcp phm \mbn \SØnb \msiw ]cmpbambn. XpS v kzm{ib amt\pvsa v, F m ko p Ifpw k m Gs Sp p Xns\Xnsc sslt msxnsb kao]n pibpw {]XoapJhpc Ncn{X] møew Imivao {]iv\w Fs v a\ nem phm Imivaocns `qanimkv{x]camb {]txyixiƒ, Ncn{Xw, cmjv{sob ]mc ºcyw F nh a\ nemt Xp v. PΩpImivao kwÿm\hpw ]miv A [o\ Imivaocpw ASßp 84,471 kvizb ssa `q{]tziw C y D]`qJfiØns G hpw hs p`mkømbmwv ÿnxnsnø Xv. `qanimkv{x]cambn aq v tajeifmwv CXn Dƒs Sp Xv. hs v, Sn_ AYhm skan Sn_ taje. CXn eum v, Pn PnXv Pn Iƒ Dƒs Spw. a y `mkømwv Imivao Xmgvhc. PΩphnse hnimeamb `q{]tziamwv as mcp taje. ]q v, tzmum, InjvXvhm Pn Iƒ C Xn s]spw. Cu aq v tajeifpw lnameb ] X\ncIfpsS a paeifm ]ckv]cw th Xncn s ncn p p. hs ping v `mkøv Sn_ pw hs v ssn\(kn nbmwkv)bpw hs p]sn mdv ]gb bpfkvfkvbdns `mkamb XmPn nÿm\pw A^vKm\nÿm\pw ]Sn mdv ]minÿm\pw sx p`mkøv ]minkvym \pw C ybpw AXncpIfmbp XmWv Cu `q{]tziw. apkƒ N{Ih ØnamcpsSbpw A^v Km N{Ih ØnamcpsSbpw Iogn \mep \q m p\o p\n ap ow `cww ]søm ºXmw \q m ns XpS tømss Ahkm\n pibpw kn v ssk\yw Imivao IogS pibpw snbvxp. 1846 ] m_nse almcmpm crvpnxv knwkn\pth n cmpm Kpem_v knwkv {_n ojpimcpambp m nb DSºSn {]Imcw PΩphpw Imiv ao cpw 75e w cq]bv v {_n ojpimcn \n v hnebv v hmßn. Cu tzm{kcmphwiøns {]Xn\n[n Bbncp p almcmpm lcnknwkv. {_n ojpimcn \n p A[n ImcssIam w \S ptºmƒ almcmpm l cnknwkv Bbncp p Iivao `cn ncp Xv. {_n ojv ta t mbvabv v Iogn Bbncp psh nepw 1947 BKÃv 15hsc kzbw`cw{]tziambncp p PΩphpw Imivaocpw. 1947 C y C Uns] v kv BIvSv {]Imcw C ybpw ]minÿm\pw c p cmpyßfmbn \nehn h p. 562Hmfw \m pcmpyßƒ ptaep mbncp {_n ojv ta t mbva Ahkm\n pibpw cmpyßƒ kzx{ amipibpw Hmtcm cmpy Øn\pw C ybntem ]minÿm\ntem tncmt\m, AX Ãm Uv Ãn DSºSn H ph v kzx{ ambn \n mt\m D AhImiw \ Is p. almcmpm lcnknwkv ]minÿm\pambn Hcp Ãm Uv Ãn Icmdn H ph p. ]minÿm ssha \kytaxpan msx AXv AwKoIcn pibpw snbvxp. kam\amb \n t±iw C y Kh sa n\p apºmsi h t mƒ, P\ (tijw 10 mw t]pn ) 3 6 6 7 9 9 15 10 15 16 16 16 t]pv D S w kjmhv in_vzmkvtlmjv A\pkvacW {]`mjww tziobhnzym`ymk \bw 2016 U lnbn tziobhnzym`ymk I h j sdbn th Nm Pv h \hpw kpc m {]iv\ßfpw sdbn th tãj am v Imivao {]iv\w... XpS kuayh[w: timsxnhn[n ]p\x]cntim[n pi FsFUnsshH kwÿm\ ktωf\w {]oss{]adn A ym]icpss sk{it dnb v am v

2 bqwn n HIvtSm_ 2016 sim bsn m am{xambn F UnF^ns kzm{ib cm (1 mw t]pn \n v) n Xv t]mse A\pIqeamb hn[n t\sp Ibpw snbvxp. AºXv AºXv F A\p ]mxw ]men phm AºXv ixam\w sadn vko piƒ kwÿm\{]thi\ ]co m enkvddn \n pw _m n AºXv ixam\w ko piƒ ti{µ ]co bmb \o ns enãn \n pw FSp phm\pw timsxn \n t±in p. F m, kwÿm\ k mcpw hnhn[ amt\pvsa v Atkmkntbj\pIfpw XΩnep m nb Icm {]Imcw F m ko pifnepw h txmxn ^okv h n n m\pw amt\pvsa v Izm ko pifn AhcptSXmb Iu knenwkv \SØn hnzym nisf \ndbv m\pw ]gp XpIƒ A\phZn psimspøp. \o v ]co bpss ] ni am{xta ASnÿm\am nbpffp. Hcp ko nepw sadn v ]men s n. AhnsSbmWv timg hmßm\p hmxnepiƒ ae s Xpd psimspø I fniƒ \S ncn p Xv. bym Øn, Db ^okv Xs \nbahnt[bamb timgbmwv. bpunf^v k mcpw amt\ppsa pifpw XΩnep m nbn p, Ign h jw hsc \nehnep mbncp Icm {]Imcw h jmh jw ]ØpiXam\w ^okv h n n mhp Xm Wv. F mh jhpw ^okv Iq m ap Iq Icm Dd n p hnzym`ymk hsamw Xv. AXns\ tnmzyw snøm F UnF^v ({]Xn] Øncn ptºmgpw) Hcn epw Xømdmbn n. F pam{xa, CØhW bpunf^ns\t mepw Aºc n p hn[øn F UnF^v k m 35 ixam\whscbp ^okv h \hmwv A\phZn v \ InbXv. 30 ixam\w sadn v ko nse ^okv Ign h jw 1.85 e w cq]bmbncp Xv CØhW 2.5 e w cq] bm n Db Øns mspøp. 20 ixam\w kwhcw ko pifn am{xamwv (bpun F^v k mcns ImeØv 25 ixam\ambncp p CXv) 25,000cq] ^okv \ne\n ØnbXv. 35 ixam\w amt\pvsa v Izm ko p Ifn 8.5 e w cq]bmbncp ^okmwv CØhW 11 e am n Db ØnbXv. F B sf Izm bnse ko pifn Ign h jw \nehnep mbncp Xv 12.5 e w cq]bmbncp p. CØhWbXv c ce w Iq n 15 e am nsimspøp. AXmbXv 100 ko pifp Hcp kzm{ib saun timtfpn\v Cu h jw ^okn\øn am{xw e`n p Xv 6 timsn 90 e w cq]. Ign h jw e`n Xnt\ mƒ 1.44 timsn cq]hoxw Hmtcm amt\pvsa n\pw A[nIambn e`n p p. k mcpambn Icmdnsem n F m kzm{ib timtfppiƒ pambn Cu h jw e`n XpI 30.34 timsn cq]bmsw v IW piƒ hy am p p. amt\ppsa p Iƒ p t]mepw {]Xo n mø em`amwv F UnF^v k m Ah v kωm\ ambn \ Ip Xv. Cu sim bv v Ahkcw \ Inb F UnF^n\v {]Xyp]Imcambn F mwv amt\ppsa piƒ \ InbsX tnmzyw Nne {]Xn] t\xm ƒ D bn p p v. AhcpsS ap Ime A\p`hw sh v tnmzn p XmsW nepw B tnmzyw {][m\s Xp Xs. ]cnbmcw saun timtfpn e WsamØ kzm{ib hsw kzm{ib amt\ppsa pifpss kω ± Øn\v hgßnbmwv Db ^okvls\ F UnF^v k m \n bn sx hmz Øns ASnÿm\wXs tnmzyw snøp XmWv kn]nsf(fw) t\xm ƒ t\xrxzw \ Ip ]cnbmcw saun timtfpnse ^okv h [\. h jmh jw kzm{ib saun timtfppifnse ^okv h \hn\v B\p]mXnIambn ^okv Iq ns m ncn p ÿm]\amwv ]cnbmcw klicw saun timtfpv. F m, CØhW IpØs\bp h [\hmwv AhnsS hcpønbncn p Xv. Ign h jsø mƒ 1.79 timsncq]bpss A[nI em`amwv ^okv GIoIcn XneqsS ]cnbmcw amt\pvsa v simbvsxspøncn p Xv. AhnsSbpw k m ko v/amt\pvsa v Izm /F B sf XpSßnb F mhn[ kzm{ib t^m apebpw \ne\n p p. F pam{xa, BsIbp 27 k m ko n Ign h jap mbncp H ce w cq] ^okv CØhW H bsn v 2.5 e am n Db Ønbncn p p. a v kzm{ib timtfppifn Cu h jw 65,000 cq] h n n t mgmwv ]cnbmcøv AXns\bpw sh p ^okv h \. AXpt]mse, 35 ixam\w hcp amt\pvsa v ko n Ign h jsø 6 e w cq] 10 e am nbmwv Db ØnbXv. ]Xn\ v ixam\w F B sf ko n 12 e sa Xv 14 e am nbpw Db Øn h simffbsn \SØpIbmWv. a v kzm{ibtimtfpp Ifn 20 ixam\w kwhcw ko pifn 25,000 cq]bv v ]Tn n ptºmƒ, ]cnbmcøv AXv 10 ko pifn am{xam n Npcp p Ibpw snbvxncn p p. _m n ]Xnaq v ko pifnse(fkvc_nkn) ^okmis 45,000 cq]bpamwv. Aßs\ Hcp XcØnepw \ymboicn m\mhmø hn[ønepff hnzym `ymk hsøn\v kwÿm\w `cn p ]m nbpss t\xm ƒ t\cn p \SØp ÿm]\øn t\xrxzw \ InbXn\v tijamwv sadn ns\ pdn v Nmcn{Xy{] kwkw \SØp Xv. ]cnbmcøv ^okv Ipdbv Wsa Bhiyw i ambn Db ph ncn p kµ `amwnxv. At mƒ, AXn\p adp]snsbt mww apjya{ n ]nwdmbn hnpb, \nbak`bn ]dbp Xv ]cnbmcw k m Gs Sp psa mwv!! Ct mƒ ]cnbmcw BcpsS \nb{ W ØnemsW v apjya{ n hy am nbm \ mbncp p. Cßs\ ^okv Iq m\pw sadn v A nadnbv m\pambn msw n ]ns k m Gs Sp p XpsIm v B v t\ w? 23 h jßƒ papºv, A sø apjya{ n si.icpwmic\pw A sø klicwhip v a{ n Fw.hn.cmLh\pw tn v k m `qanbpw si nsßfpw D]tbmKn v kzimcy{sãn\v Iogn kzm{ib timtfpv Bcw`n m Xocpam\n t mƒ AXns\Xnsc ticfsaßpw henb {]t m `amwp mbxv. IqØp]dºn 5 c km niƒ A v krjvsn s p. F mhcpw UnsshF^vsF {]h ØIcmbncp p. XpS mwv, ]cnbmcw saun timtfpv k m Gs Sp pi F ap{zmhmiyw F sfunfkvhbpw FkvF^vsFbpw Dƒs Sp kwbp hnzym n kac kanxn apt m ph Xv. AXn\ptijw, 5 k mcpiƒ A[nImcØn h p. AXn c pw F UnF^v k mcpifmwv. CXv aq masø F UnF^v k m. CXphscbpw ]cnbmcw k m Gs SpØn. Ct mƒ, {]Xntj[sØ adnis m th nam{xw e bn msx ]dbp {]kvxmhamwv ]cnbmcw k m Gs Sp psa Xv. Ign DΩ Nm n k mcpw B timtfpv k m Gs Sp sa v c pxhw {]Jym]n ncp p. ]t, H pw \S n. At mƒ, CsXmcp Iq pi hsamsw v Xncn dnbm CXn IqSpX sxfnhpiƒ Bhiyapt m? F UnF^v k mcns ]pxnb kzm{ib cmdneqss IqSpX hnzym n Iƒ v Ipd ^okn ]Tn m Ahkcw ssih ncn p psh mwv apjya { nbpw addpw Ct mgpw {]Ncn n psim ncn p Xv. AXmbXv, Ign bpun F^v k mcns ImeØv 13 kzm{ib saun timtfppifmwv k mcpambn Icmsdm n Xv. CØhW 19 timtfppiƒ H n p. Db ^okvls\bp Hcp IcmdmbXn\memWv kzm{ibamt\ppsa piƒ H nsm XømdmbXv. BbXn\m, B timtfppifnse kwhcw ko piƒ BsI (AXmbXv, sadn v Izm bnse 20 ixam\w ko piƒ) Iq ptºmƒ 219 Ip n Iƒ p 25,000 cq]bv p ]Tn phm Ahkcw e`n ncn p psh mwv AhImihmZw. GItZiw 2300 ko pifnemwv 219 kwhcw ko pifnse ^okm\piqeyw. bym Øn ^okm\piqeyw e`nbvt alm`qcn] w hnzym n Iƒ pw AXn\p km[yxiƒ kzm{ibtimtfppifn e`n p n sb XmWv hkvxpx. ]t, AXns adbn _m n 2,000 ko pifn ]nwdmbn k m ]nsn p]dn A\phZn ncn p p. amt\pvsa ns hibmb 50 ixam\w ko pifnemis sadn v ]q Æambn A nadn psim mwv IcpWsaUn timtfpv, ]pjv]kncn, Imct mww, A Sq au v kntbm,]me msv ]n.si. Zmkv,Akoknb, {io\mcmbw, A Akvl, {Smh Iq saun timtfpv XpSßnb H pan saun timtfpp Ifpw Cu h jw {]thi\w \SØnbXv. Ah Hcp enãpw ASnÿm\s SpØnbn n. \o v dm v ] nibn ap n h 1300 hnzym nifmwv ^okv \nb{ W IΩn nbpss apºmsi ]cmxniƒ ka n Xv. ] nibn hfsc Xmsgbp hnzym nifn \n v e ßƒ timghmßns m mwv {]thi\ \S]SnIƒ amt\pvsa piƒ ]q ØoIcn ncn p Xv. sadn v \ amb hn[øn A nadn Xns IW piƒ spbnwkviωn n p apºmsibp t mgmwv, kp{]ow timsxnbn ticføns kzm{ibt v ]cnk W\bv ph Xv. A nahn[nbn {]thi\ \S]SnIƒ ]q Ønbm s p Ign p. BbXn\m, Cu h jw timsxn CSs]Sp n msb v kp{]ow timsxn v ]dtb nh p. sadn v A nadn v, timghmßn amt\ppsa piƒ \S Ønb \nbahncp amb {]thi\ \S ]Snsb pdn v ticf k m \ni_vzx ]men XpsIm mwv AXv kw`hn Xv. kp{]owtimsxnbn Cu tikv FØnt Xpw almcmjv{sbnse kzm{ibtikns A\p_ ambn mwv. kpxmcyambn msx {]thi\w \SØnb amt\ Ppsa piƒs Xnsc almcmjv{s k mcmwv kp{]owtimsxnsb kao]n Xv. kam \amb kmlncyamwv ticføntesx v ti{µk m Nq n mwn Xns ASnÿm\ØnemWv Cu tikn ticfw I nbmbxpt]mepw. F ph m, ticfønse kzm{ib amt\ppsa pifpw F UnF^v k mcpw XΩnep clky_m høns ASnÿm\ØnemWv k m tims Xnsb kao]n mxncp sx pw hy ambncn p p. At mƒ, CXn\papºp \S F m hmiv]b pw \msiambncp psh v sxfnbp p. N \SØmw, ^okv Ipdbv n F apjya{ nbpss \ne]msv amt\ppsa pifpambp HØpIfn hnfnt mxp Xmbncp p. amt\ppsa piƒ ^okv Ipdbv m Xømdmbn pw k m Xømds XmWv Ct mgsø ÿnxn. kzm{ib ^okv h \hns\xnsc bqøv tim {K pw sifkvbphpw sk{it dnb v \Sbn Bcw`n \ncmlmc kacamwv CXn\nSbnse cmjv{sob ^enxw. kzm{ib hnzym`ymk hsøns XesXm mcmwv tim {K pw bpun F^pw. AhcpsS Ip mspiƒ v hnzym `ymk hsøns\xnsc F mwv Hcp FXn v? cmjv{sob \nco Icpw am[ya {]h ØIcpw aq Øv hnc h v I psim ncp kzm{ib kacw HcmgvN mew Xeÿm\ \Kcnsb Iem]IepjnXam n. ASn, It dv, ajn p n, sxdnb`ntjiw, IÆo hmxi{]tbmkw, emøn m Pv XpSßnb ÿncw sf wkv CØhWbpw ]b nbxn\v tijamwv bqøv t\xm ƒ Ifsamgn psimspøxv. sk]v w_ 27 \v kacw bp.un.f^v Gs SpØp. ]n o Sv, \ncmlmca\pjvtn m {]Xn] kmampni AWn\nc p. F m ^okv h \hn\v FXnsc F Xv timghmßp Xns\Xnscsb mbn Unam v. ]cnbmcsø ^osk nepw Ipdbv Wsa v At] bpw. ^okv Hcpcq]t]mepw Ipdbv n msb v apjya{ n ]nwdmbn hnpb [m jvsytømss ]dbm ImcWw kacw \bn p Xv bpunf^v t\xm fmbxpsim m Wv. AtXkabw {]iv\øn \n v {i Xncn m\mbn, hgnxsb kacw \SØnbXv Nm\ hmsibv v FSpØhcmsW pw a pap txm epiƒ ]dbm \p ÿeambn v apjya{ n sxcs SpØXv \nbak`bpss AIØfambncp p. F mbmepw, hfscs]s pxs kzm{ib hnzym`ymk hssø kw_ n p ASnÿm\ {]iv\ßfpss ÿm\øv apjya{ n \SØnb A[nt ]m lamb {]kvxmh\sb Np n nbmbn ]n osp cmjv{sob kwhmzßƒ. Pbn Xv k mtcm, {]Xn] tam Fs mcp IuXpIØntebv v ]Xnhpt]mse Imcyßƒ FØnt cptºmƒ P\ßƒ Hcn IqSn ]cmpbs SpIbmWv. F mbmepw, kzm{ib saun {]thi\øn Hcp am hpw kw`hn n msb pam{xa, IqSpX IqSpX {]Xnk niƒ p P w \ Ins m v B Zp `qxw saun hnzym`ymkøns ss\xnixsb Iim psnbvxp sim ncn pibpw snøp p. saun hnzym`ymkøns FØn Ivkv ]p\xÿm]n m kzm{ib\bw BtcmKy cwkøv A\phZn pibn msb v Xocpam\saSp pibmwv Hcp CSXp ] k m AXv CSXp] amsw n BZyw sntø Xv. bpunf^v k mcns kzm{ib \bw A Sn \S m m\ F UnF^v k mdns\ P\ßƒ A[n ImcØnseØn sx kmam\ybp nsb nepw ]nwdmbn hnpb \bn p CS Xpap Wn k mcn\v D mti Xp v. P\ßƒ Bhiys Sp Xpt]mse kzm{ib hnzym`ymk k{ºzmbw Ahkm \n n psimt imizx]cnlmcøntebv v \oßm\miq F hkvxpx \mƒsn pwtxmdpw hy ambns m ncn pibmwv. CXn\mbn hºn hnzym`ymk {]t m`w ]SpØpb ØpI am{xta t]mwhgnbp q. tkmhbn FsFUnsshH ktωf\w FsFUnsshH c mw AJnte ym ktωf\øns XømsdSp pifpss `mkambn BKÃv 31 \v tkmhbn bphp\ ktωf\w \S p. t\m Øv tkmhbnse andmadnep UnF vcfw]nc timtfpn tn ktωf\øn FsFUnsshH AJnte ym sk{i dn {]Xn`m \mbniv, sshkv {]knu v cmamrvp\ F nh {]kwkn p. XpS v, {]Xn\n[nktΩf\Øn tkmhbnse khntij {]iv\ ßsf pdn p Hcp kpoh N \S p. tkmhbn FsFUnsshH si n Sp phm {]Xn sbspøpsim mwv ktωf\w Ahkm\n Xv.

bqwn n HIvtSm_ 2016 am\pjni aqeyßfpss hf bmwv 3 bym hnik\øns apjap{z kjmhv A y, kjm sf, kplr Øp sf, kjmhv in_vzmkvtlmjns kvt\l hm eyßƒ A\p`hn v hf \Ωƒ Cu Zn\Øn \ΩpsS a\xkm ntbmsv tnmzn p Hcp tnmzyap v. At±lØn \n v A sa nepw ]Tn Imcyßfn F{XtØmfw \ap v {]mh ØnIam m Ign n p v? \Ωsf bym hnπhimcnifm n hf ØnsbSp m A\p`hn ITn\bmX\Iƒ 53 masø hb n Xs At±lØns Poh A]lcn p. kz w PohnX kacøns bpw \ΩpsS cmpysø P\ßfpsS hntamn\ t]mcm Øns bpw tajeifn F{XtØmfw ] v hln m \ap v Ignbp p v F tnmzyamwv \ΩpsS HmtcmcpØcpsSbpw a\ n Ct mƒ Db p hcp Xv. as mcp Imcyhpw ]escbpw AXnibn n p p. At±lØns t]tcm ]mtßtfm Hcn epw am yaßfn {]Xy s Sp n. \ap v `cwtam FwF Famtcm Fw]namtcm H pan. CsXms bmwt m Hcp ]m nbpss i nbv v \nzm\ambn km[mcw IW m p Xv. F n pw Cu cmpy Øns ap n\pw aqebnepw hsc \ΩpsS ]m n i ns psim ncn m am{xw F v am{ ni i nbmwv alm\mb Cu t\xmhv \ap v {]Zm\w snbvxxv? 22 kwÿm\ßfntebv v \ΩpsS ]m n kwl S\ hym]n n p v. Cu bpkønse G hpw alømb {]Xybimkv{Xamb "am Ivknkw se\n\nkw in_vzmkv tlmjv Nn ', alm\mb Cu t\xmhns {]t_m[\ ßƒ a p cmpyßfn t]mepw hnπhimcnisf {]tnmzn n pibpw DtØPn n p Ibpw snbvxpsim ncn p p. C{X {]Xn Iqeamb Imemhÿsbbpw I\Øagsbbpsams AhKWn psim v hnimchmbvt mss, A Wt_m[tØmsS ChnsS HØpIqSm\pw ao nwkn ]s Sp m\psams \nßsf t{]cn n p Xv Aaqeyamb B ]mtßƒ \ Ip {]tnmz\w Xs bmwv. B ]mtßƒ A\pkvacn psim v Rm GXm\pw Imcyßƒ ]dbmw. alm\mb Cu t\xmhv 1967 Hcp {]kwkøn thz\tbmss Nq n mwn Xpw C v bmym yambncn p Xpamb Hcp Imcyw XpS Øn Hm Ωs SpØp IbmWv. At±lw ]d p: \Ωƒ thc hcmbncn p p. kzmx{ y kacimeøv \ap v B n m Ign D Xamb kmwkv mcni aqeyßfpambn p _ w hnt Zn s ncn p p... cm{ ob kmlnxy tajeifnsems \ap v t\snsb Sp m Ign Db kzmnmc ss\xn I kmwkvimcni kuµcymfli \nehmcw C v XI ncn p p. AXns ^etam, \ΩpsS thcpiƒ \ap v \ s ncn p p. \Ωƒ hmniasn p p v. ]t t{ijvt`mhßfpw teme hnimcßfpw hf ØnsbSp m \ap mhp n ''. hnzymkmkdns\t msebp alm mcpss PohnXØn \n v ]mtapƒs m v apt dww Ncn{X {][m\amb Hcp A\pkvacW Zn\ambncp p Pqsse 29 \v IS pt]mb Xv. 125 h jw ap ]v Hcp Pqsse 29 \v Bbncp p alm\mb am\hhmzn Cuizc N{µ hnzymkmk A yizmkw hen Xv. C v At±lsØ F{Xt] Hm Ωn p p v? F{Xt] At±lØns A\pkvacW Zn\w BNcn p? _wkmfnse hnzym nifn, {Kma \KchmknIfn F{Xt] v At±lsØ Adnbmw? B \mat[bw ti n p h F{Xt]cp v \ΩpsS cmpyøv? Xo bmbpw \ΩpsS thcpiƒ \ s ncn p p. `qximehpambp _ w \ap v \ ambncn p p. Gsd thz\micamb kxyamwnxv. hnzymkmkdns\t mse Hcp Nn I C mbncp psh n \ΩpsS cmpyøv icnbmb A Ønep \thm m\tam kzmx { ykactam hnzym`ymkapt tam H pw D mipambncp n.hnzymkmk C mbncps n \ap v kjmhv in_vzmkvtlmjns\bpw In pambncp n. C y \thm m\øns DZbw apx kzmx{ y kacw hscbp Xnf am ImesØ G hpw D Xamb hy nxzambncp p hnzymkmk F v kjmhv in_vzmkv tlmjv ]dbpambncp p. ip amb a\ n\pw sxfnabm kz`mhøn\pw DSabmbncp p hnzymkmk. atxxc am\hhmz Nn bpss A{KKmanbncp p At±lw. dmwtaml, hnzymkmk, hnthim\ µ, SmtKm, icxvn{µ, \{kpƒ, tzi _ p kn.b.zmkv, JpZndmw t_mkv, kp`mjvn{µt_mkv, `KXvknwKv, Ak^m Jp, kqcysk, {]oxnex XpSßnb aløp fmb Nn IcpsSbpw hnπhimcnifpssbpw c km nifpssbpsams injy F \nebnep PohnXbm{X kjmhv in_vzmkv tlmjv Iuamc{]mb Øn Øs Bcw`n ncp p. ax {]Nmc IcS w F m mesøbpw F m almflm fpssbpw PohnX kacßfn \n v At±lw ]mtßƒ Dƒs m p. \ΩtfmSpw B am w ]n pscphm Blzm\w snbvxp. ]n ost±lw Cu bpkønse G hpw D Xamb {]Xybimkv{Xamb am Ivknkw ]cntim[n m\nsbmbt mƒ AXv s\t mss n nsn p. am Ivkv Gw K kv se\n Ãmen amthm F o BNmcy mcpss A l\mb injy F \nebnep hnπhpohnxw \bn p. B PohnX kacøneqss am Ivknksa imkv{xsø kºp am pibpw hnikn n pibpw snbvxp. am Ivknkw se\n \nkøns Cu kºp hpw hniknxhpamb [mcwsb \Ωƒ in_vzmkvtlmjv Nn F p hnfn p p. ap KmanIfmb F m alm mcpssbpw PohnX kacßfn \n v \Ωƒ icnbmb ]mtßƒ Dƒs m v apt dwsa v kjmhv in_vzmkvtlmjv \sω ]Tn n p. hnzymkmk hnkvacn s ncn p Cu Imebfhn Fs bpw \nßfpssbpw ]T \Øn\mbn At±lsØ pdn v Nne Imcyßƒ ]dbmw. hnzymkmkdns alxzsas v \ap v a\ nem nø Xv kjmhv in_vzmkv tlmjmbncp p. cho{µ\my SmtKm, hnthim\µ, kn.b.zmkv, ic XvN{µNm Pn, kp`mjvn{µt_mkv, _me KwKm[c XneI, ememepv]xvdmbv XpSßn imkv{x cmb PKZojvN{µ t_mkv, {]^p N{µdmbv, Ihn \{kpƒ, kzmx{ y t]mcmfniƒ XpSßnbhsc mw At±lsØ BZcthmsSbmWv ho n Xv. sszhønepw axmnmcßfnepsam pw kjmhv s{]mhmjv tlmjv sxmgnemfnh Øns alm\mb t\xmhv kjmhv in_vzmkvtlmjns\ A\pkvacn psim v 2016 BKÃv 5\v I Øbn \S ktωf\øn FkvbpknsF(IΩyqWnÃv)P\d sk{i dn kjmhv s{]mhmjv tlmjv \SØnb {]kwkamwv NphsS tn p Xv. I\Ø agbnepw ]Xn\mbncßƒ ktωf\øn ]s SpØp. hnizmkan mø AfmWv hnzymkmksd v cmairjvw]calwk v Adnbmambncp p. F n pw At±lw hnzymkmksd ho n t]mbn I ncp p. Z ntwizdnep Xs Imfot {XØn kµ i\w \SØm At±lw hnzymkmkdns\ Wn pibpw snbvxp. F m t {XØnepw Bcm[\bnepsam pw hnizmkan mxncp hnzymkmk AXn\v Xømdmbn. Hcn cho{µ\my SmtKm ]d p: ""kmln XycwKØv Rm Fs nepw snbvxpsh v \nßƒ IcpXp psh n AXn\v hmxn Xpd px Xv CuizcN{µhnZymkmKdmWv F v Rm ]dbpw. B[p\nI _wkmfn `mjbpss BZy in n At±lambncp p p. ""Rm Xmfebßƒ Xncn dn Xpw kzcam[pcyw \pi Xpw Cu ImhyIpe]XnbpsS "P ]mtc, ]X \mtc'(ag s]øp p, CeIƒ CfIp p) XpSßnb at\mlc IhnXIƒ Bem]\w snbvxpsim mbnc p'' F pw SmtKm ]d n p v. "" \ΩpsS cmpysø P\ßƒ v At±lsØ _lpam\n mxncn m\mhn. ]t, Zb, HuZmcyw t]mep KpW KWßƒ hmgvøn msns m v At±l Øns kz`mhønse alømb Hcp hiw ad phbv pibmwv. \ΩpsS cmpyøv \ne\n BNmcm\pjvTm\ ßƒs Xnsc \SØnb t]mcm amwv aqsnhbv m {ian p Xv. At±lØns G hpw henb tbmkyxbpw AXpXs bmbncp p. AXn\mWv aqsp]sansp Xv''. ""klm\p`qxntbm, ]mfinxytam H pa AZayamb a\pjyxzhpw Ddhh mø am\ hnixbpambncp p hnzymkmkdns kz`mhalnabv v aipsw Nm ØnbXv'' F pw SmtKm ]dbp p. SmtKm hnzymkmkdn \ n Xnf ap BZcmRvPenbmbncp p CXv. icxvn{µ Nm Pn Xs A\n Xckm[mcWamb kmlnxykrjvsnifn DS\ofw hnzymkmkdns BZ ißfpw t]mcm ßfpw {]Xn^en n ncp p. At±lw Xs CXv kqnn n n p v. Cßs\sbmcp hnzymkmkdns\ F{Xt] dnbmw? hnik\sø pdn p hmbvømcniƒ nsbn cmpyøn\v kw`hn XnXm Wv. GXm v 200 h jßƒ papºv anuv\m qcnse Hcp Ip{KmaØn \n v 150 Intemao AIsebp I Øbntebv v At±lw Im \Sbmbn h p. A v KXmKX kuicyßsfm pap mbncp n. dmwtaml dmbnbpss ImeSnIƒ ]n ps v At±lw I Øbn hn m\øns hnf v sxfn p. sndp ImeØpXs kwkvirxw ]Tn v {]mno\imkv{xßfnsems ]mfinxyw t\sn. 22 mw hb n Cw ojv]t\w Bcw `n p. s]s pxs ]m mxy\mkcnixsb pdn pw \thm m\sø pdn psams At±lw t_m[hm\mbn. A meøv bqtdm nemsi axøns\xncmb apt w AebSn pibmbncp p. P\m[n ]Xyhpw P\m[n]Xy AhImißfpw hy nkzmx{ yhpw ÿm]ns Sp m \p t]mcm ßƒ ]q ÆXbnseØnbncp p. \thm m\øns bpw atxxcam \hhmzøns bpw D zeamb Nn Ifntebv v hnzymkmk BIrjvS\mbncp p. ]pcmx\imkv{xßfnep ]mfinxywaqew "]fin v', "hnzymkmk '(hnzybpss kmkcw) XpSßnb _lpaxniƒ e`n ncp CuizcN{µ {_n ojv k mcnt\m S`n{]mbs Xv C{]Imcambncp p: ""Nne {]txyiimcwßfm, kwkvirx timtf Pn kmwjyhpw thzm hpsams ]Tn n p Xv XpScm \Ωƒ _m yÿcm Wv. F m Ahsbms A_ kn m ßfmWv F Xv Hcp X hnjbta A. Ah ]Tn n ptºmƒ AXns kzm[o\sø adnis m\mbn kmck `amb ]m mxy XØzNn Ifpw ]Tn n Ww. bqtdm]y hn m\øns shfn w ]c p nssøms {]mno\imkv{xßfpss kzm[o\w ]n hmßns m pw. \ΩpsS A ym]iscms _wkmfnbpw Cw ojpw Adnbp hcpw AtXmsSm w ax ]camb ap hn[nifn \n v ap cpw Bbncn Ww''. hnzymkmk cnn ]mt ]pkvxißfn sszhsø pdnt m, Ah Xmcßsf pdnt m, {]IrXymXoXamb Imcyßsf pdnt m bmsxmcp ]cma ihpan. F pam{xa CØcw kzm[o\ßfn \ns mw P\ßsf ap cm pi F Xmbncp p At±lØns ZuXyw. F men v ax]camb hnzym`ymkw \ Im\mWv apxemfnø `cwm[nimcn Iƒ {ian p Xv F XmWv hntcm[m`mkw. hnzymkmkdns atxxc am\hhmz ho WsØ pdn v Adnbmambncp n pw cmairjvw]calwk At±lsØ _lpam\n ncp p. cmairjvw\pw hnzymkm Kdpw F c v BZ i]pcpj mcmwv X\n p sx v hnthim\µ ]d ncp p. F psim mwnxv? hnzymkmkdns D zehpw k nclnxhpamb PohnXkacamWv CXn\pImcWw. hnzymkmk At\Iw kviqfpiƒ Bcw`n p. Im \Sbmbn At\Iw Intemao dpiƒ k cn v kw`mh\iƒ ]ncns SpØmWv Chsbms XpSßnbXv. ]et mgpw ]Ww ISwhmßpIbpw snbvxp. Un{Knbpw t]mãv {KmPpthj\pw Ign v, tumivsdpw F n \obdpw Bbn F mhcpw Db iºfwhmßn p tpmenifn {]thin Wsa pw kzøv kºmzn Wsa pa At±lw e ywh Xv. hnzym niƒ a\pjy F t]cn\v \nc p hcpw Db am\pjni KpWßfpw am\hni købpap hcpamiww F mwt±lw A`nejn Xv. Bflm`nam\Øns DØpwK {]Xo Iambncp p hnzymkmk. ]e pw C mcyßƒ Adnbmsa nepw AdnbmØhcpw D mipw. At±lw kwkvirx timtfpv {]n kn Bbncp p. lnµp timtfpns {]n kn Im F Cw ojpimc\mbncp p. hnzymkmk Hcn At±lsØ ImWm sn p. tai pdøv jqkn ImepIƒ Ib nh v Ccp psim mwv kmbn v At±lsØ kzoicn Xv. ]n ossmcn kmbn v kwkvirx timtfpn h p. saxnbsnbn ImepIƒ tai pdøp Ib nh v Ccp psim mwv hnzymkmk kmbn ns\ kzoicn Xv. kmbn v Kh W v ]cmxn \ In. hnzymkmkdns adp]sn C{]Imcambncp p: ""Cw ojpim kwkv mc kº cpw C y m kwkv mc iq\ycpw BsW mbncp p Fs [mcw. AXpsIm p Xs Fßs\ am\yambn s]cpamdw (tijw 4 mw t]pn )

4 bqwn n HIvtSm_ 2016 alm msc pdn p Hm ΩIƒ `cwh w hnkvarxnbnemgvøp p kjmhv s{]mhmjv tlmjv (3 mw t]pn \n v) sa v Cw ojpimsc I p]tn Wat m. Im \n v ]Tn Xpt]msebmWv Rm s]cpamdnbxv''. CXmbncp p hnzymkmk. A[nIrXcpambn At±lw ]et mgpw hntbmpn p. AXpsIm pxs At±lw kwkvirx timtfpnse tpmen cmpnhbv p Ibpw snbvxp. A v At±lØn\v henb kmºøni _m yx D mbncp p. kz`mhniambpw Fßs\ Pohn pw F tnmzyw ]ecpw tnmzn p. hnzymkmk ]d p: ""th nh m Rm Hcp ] dn S XpSßpw, Ingßpw ] dnifpsams hn pw. Znhkw Hcpt\cw am{xw ` Ww Ign pw. AXpw D pw tnmdpw am{xw. F mepw A`nam\w ]Wbwh v tpmen snøm Rm Xømd.'' Bflm `nam\øns D X amxribmwv At±lw ImgvNh Xv. C v F{Xt] v Cßs\ snøm ss[cyap mipw? su]yq n Kh Wsd t\cn v ImWm A v Ipd pt] p am{xta A\phmZap mbncp p q. AXnsemcmƒ hnzymkmk Bbncp p. ""km[mcw m v {]thi\w \ntj [n ncn p nsøv Rm t]min '', F p ]d v Xs t]cv B enãn \n v \o w snøm hnzymkmk Bhiys p. ""IYmame'' F Xs ]pkvxiøn IYIfneqsS ]e hnes KpW]mTßfpw At±lw apt m ph p. B Ønbpw kzm Xbpsams \m p\s mbncn p C meøv Ah Gsd {]k ambncn p p. Hcp ] nbpssbpw ISphbpsSbpw IYbmWv AXnsem v. Nße bv n ncn p ] n v bpam\ [mcmfw ` Ww \ Ip p. ISphbmIs ] nwnsim v F pwtxmepambn. _ \ÿs B `ms ]q Æamb PohnXw kzoicn m \mb Ahs\ D]tZin p p. ""ASnaØØn Ign psim v cmpiob ` Ww kzoicn p Xnt\ mƒ Bbncw asßv t`zamwv kzmx{ yw A\p`hn psim v ] nwn InS p Xv'' F mwv ISph adp ]Sn ]d Xv. \nc ccpssbpw ] nwn mcpssbpw Imcyw t]mis, hnzymkº cpw _p npohnifpamb F{Xt] v C v Cßs\ Nn n m Ignbpw? CXmbncp p hnzymkmk. Hcn At±lw Hcp kº s `h\øn Ccn pibmbncp p. ]e am\y mcpw k nlnxcmbncp AhnsS Hcp Imh mcs\ hnzymkmk \n n v H ancpøn. CXv a p h v A]am\ap m n. Ah t m`n p. hnzymkmkdns adp]sn C{] Imcambncp p: ""\nßfpss k{ºzmba\pkcn mtwm AtXm Fs [mcwb\pkcn mtwm Rm\nXn\v adp]sn ]dtb Xv. \nßfpss coxnbn ]d m Abmsfmcp {_m W\mWv. \nßfpss ]q n I AØc mcpss Im sxm phwßpambncp p. C\n Fs ImgvN msv A\pkcn msw n, \aps ms 400, 500 cq] iºfhpw Abmƒ v 5 cq] iºfhpamwv In p Xv. Hcn Fs A \pw 5 cq]bv v tpmen snbvxn p v''. Cßs\ bmbncp p hnzymkmk. At±lØns hm IyImeØmWv C y \mjw tim {K v cq]sasp p Xv. kwlmsicpss a pwamxncnbpsams I n v At±lahsc cq amb `mjbn hna in p: ""Cu am\y m ]dbp Xpw {]kwkn p Xpsams cmpyøns kzmx { ysø pdn mwv. Cu cmpyøv e W n\mfpiƒ ] nwnins v acn p p v F Imcyw ]t Ah dnbn.'' Hcn Ah Hcp ao nwkn\v Wn t mƒ At±lw tnmzn p: ""Bhiysa n {_n ojpim s Xnsc hmsfsp m \nßƒ XømdmIptam?'' adp]sn ]dbm\m ImsX Ah Ipgßnbt mƒ At±lw XpS p:""aßs\sb n \nßƒ Fs Hgnhm ntb pi.'' F{X Zo Lho WtØmsSbmWv tim {K ns HØpXo v kz`mhw Xncn dnbm A meøpxs At±lØn\mbXv. ]n osv Ncn{Xw AXn\v km yw hln pibpw snbvxp. Ahkm\ImeØv BtcmKyw hos Sp p Xn\mbn _ Zzm Pn bnse Hcp {KmaØn t]mbn Xmakn m At±lsØ D]tZin p. F m At±laXn\v Xømdmbn. At±lw ]d p: ""apºv \mgnbcnbpw Ac\mgn ]bdpw Ipd v Dcpf ngßpw Ign psim mwv AhnsS {KmaoW Pohn p t]m Xv. C v AXpt]mepw C msxbmwh Ign piqsp Xv. Rms\ßs\bmWv AhnsSt]mbn \ ` Ww Ign v Pohn pi. F\n Xv km ya.'' CXp ]dbptºmƒ At±l Øns IÆv \nd ncp p. GXm\pw ZnhkßƒIqSn Ign t mtg pw At±lw acn p. Hcn At±lw tnmzn p: ""] nwn InS p hs bmx\iƒ F{Xt] a\ nem nbn p v. F{X t]cpss a\ ns\ AXv ayn n p v'' CXmbncp p At±lØns kz`mhw. `mcysb A]am \n Xns t]cn Xs GI ais\ At±lw Dt] n p. At±lØns kz Øp ƒ 45 \n \ IpSpw_ßƒ mbn At±lw hoxn psimspøp. acn p Xn\v apºv At±lw Xømdm nb hn {X Øns Imcyw ]dbmsxhø. BXpcmebßƒ, kviqfpiƒ, hn[hiƒ, hr XpSßn AicWcmb BfpIƒ mbn At±lw Xt sx mw \o n h p. Hcp kw`hw Adnbptºmƒ \nßƒ kvx_v[ cmbn t]mipw. AXv Hcn, _n[papjn Nu[cn Fs mcp teun tumœ B\µ _km ]{XnI F {]apj ]{XØneqsS 1925 G{]n 19 \v \SØnb Hcp A`y \bmwv. AXn{]Imcambncp p: ""hnzymkm Kdns c masø aiƒ kmºøni klmbøn\mbn Fs kao]n ncn p p. Ch A\mYbmWv. At±lØns CfbaIƒ Iminbn ho pthe snbvxv Pohn p p F mwv Chcn \n v Adnbm Ign Xv. hnzymkmkdn \n v t\cnt m A msxtbm klmbw e`n mø Hcmfpt]mepw Cu cmpyøv D m bncp n '' Cßs\ ]d psim mwv B teun tumœ Ah pth n klmb A`y \ \SØnbXv. hn[hm hnhml Øn\pth nbpw _mehnhmløns\xnscbpsams hnzymkmk \SØnb {]h Ø \ßsf pdns m pw Rm\n v N snøp n. cmpyøns hnik\hpw ta bpw Af p Xn\p am\zfisa v? A[nImcw Iømfptºmƒ t\xm sf mw ]dbp Xv cmpyw hºn ]ptcm KXn ssihcn psim ncn p p F mwv. CXv hnik\øns e WamtWm? F psim mwv \msns Cu DØa k m\w Pqsse 29 \v kvacn s SmsX t]mbxv? hnik\sa m F mwv? cmpyw ]ptcmkxn ssihcn p p F v hmzøn\pth n kωxn m Øs AXv am\pjni aqeyßfpss hf bv v CSbm pw F v ]dbm Ignbptam? AXv aløp ƒ v P w \ Iptam? BcmWv bym Øn BZcWob\mb a\pjy? kzøpw ]Whpap BfmtWm AtXm am\pjni KpWßfpw Db kz`mh alnabpap Btfm? F mwxns AfhptIm? cmpyøns apt w As n A`nhr n \n Æbn p sxßs\bmwv? B cmpysø P\ßfpsS kz`mhw, am\pjni KpWßƒ, ss\xni kzmnmc ASnØd F nhbpsssbms \nehmcat AXn\v am\zfiamt Xv? 5 Znhkw Ign m BKÃv 11 Bbn. ""GIv _m _ntz tz am Jptd Bjn''( Fs bm{xbm q AtΩ, Rm t]mis ) F hcniƒ Rßƒ Ip nifmbncp t mƒ _wkmfnse am{xa C ybnsehnssbpap AΩam IÆotcmsS ]msnbncp XmWv. A mx\mb Hcmƒ hcn IsfgpXn CuWw \ Inb ]m mwnxv. c km n JpZndmans\ pdn p Km\w. JpZndmans c km nxzamwv t\xm Pn v {]tnmz\ambxv. A v kp`mjv N{µt_mkv I nse dmh jm kviqfn hnzym nbmbncp p. B Cfw {]mbøn A ym]i\mb t_\n am[hv Zmkns t{]cwbn \ncmlmc a\pjvtn psim v At±lw BKÃv 11 BNcn p. BKÃv 11 \v shdpw 18 hb p t mgmwv JpZndmw c km nbmip Xv. ]t cmpysø AXv ]nsn pe p. Xq ns m m\p in mhn[n PUvPn hmbn t mƒ JpZndmans Np n ]p ncn hns p. Igpac Øntedptºmgpw B Nncn Np nep mbncp p.""rm Nncn psim v simeacw ]qip Xv `mcxamsi Z in pw'' F hcn ta d ]m n CSw ]nsn Xv C mcwømemwv. `KXvknwKns\ Xq nte p Znhkw _ p fmcpw ImWm hcmxncp sx msw v Hcp kl XShp Imc At±ltØmSv tnmzn Imcyw \nßfn ]e pw Adnbn mbncn pw. bym Øn F mwv At±lsØ Xq nte p Xv F hnhcw _ p sfbmscbpw Adnbn ncp n. am v 24 \v Xq nte m\mbncp p Xocpam\w. Km n PnbpsS A`y \ {]Imcw AXv 23 \v B n. CXv _ p ƒ Adn ncp n. AXpsIm v Ah m pw kµ in m\pw Ign n. ]t `KXvknwKv B XShpImc\v \ Inb adp]sn CXmbncp p: "[occ km nifmb JpZndmw, I Øm knwkv XpSßnbhscms bmwv Fs _ p ƒ.' ] m_n \n p [oc \mb Hcp hnπhimcnbmbncp p I Øm knwkv kc`. `KXvknwKv ]d p: "Fs c _ w Cu hnπhimcnifpambmwv. RßfpsS c w H mwv. HcnSØp\n v D hn v Atßm pxs asßp p'. C v cmpyw hºn ]ptcmkxn ssihcn p F mwv AhImi hmzw. F m Cu alm msc F{Xt] Hm Ωn p p? kp`mjvn{µ t_mkv, kn.b.zmkv, XneI, ememepv]xv dmbv F nhscsbms Btcm p p. cho{µ\my SmtKmdns\ Øs bym Øn Bsc nepw kvacn p pt m? At±lØns Km\ßfneqsS am{xamwv At±lw Pohn p Xv. AXpw t{]aw, {]IrXn, ` n F nhsb pdn pff hcnifneqss. Xs Ahkm\ P Zn\Øn SmtKm \SØnb {]kwkw ""Crisis of civilization'' F t]cn ]pd Øph n p v. F{X t] v CXdnbmw? B {]kwkøn At±lw ]dbp p ""shdpw kmlnxymkzmz\w \SØn Ignbp Xn \n v \n ]q w F\n v hn p\n t n h Hcp kabap v. \ amb hkvxpxiƒ Fs IÆn Xd t mƒ, C y P\X A\p`hn p ISpØ Zmcn{Zyw Fs a\ ns\ ayn t mƒ... bqtdm ns lrzbøn \n mhpw \mkcnixbpss hk w hnscpi F mwv Hcn Rm IcpXnbncp Xv. F m B hnizmksa mw C v AkvXan ncn p p.'' kzmx{ y kacimeøps\ofw AXv kam[m\]cambncn Wsa ] mc\mbncp p At±lw. C mcyøn At±lw Km npnbpss A\pbmbnbmbncp p. F m At±lw Xs bmwv Ahkm\ ImeØv Cßs\ FgpXnbXv: ""hnizmk h I \mep]mspw hnjw No pibmwv, kam[m\øns i w t\ Øv Ahy amb ]ndp]ndp embn ]cnwan ncn p p hns ]dbp Xn\papºv F mhtcmspambn Rm hnfn p ]dbs cm kobxsb t\cnsm t]m h Hmtcm `h\ßfnepw XømsdSpØpsIm ncn pibmwv.'' Ahkm\ImeØv SmtKmdns Nn m KXnbn Hcp am w h psim ncn pibmbncp p. tkmhnb v tkmjyenksø kzmkxw snbvxpsim v At±lw ]d p:""...\mkcnixbn AØcsamcp am w hcpøm\p {iaßƒ djybn F\n v Z in m\mbn. ]te ]cnanxnifpw Ds nepw B hnip `qanbn \mkcn IXbpsS ]pxnb apjw I Rm BÀm ZmXntcIØnepw ip`m]vxn hnizmkønepamwv... a\pjy \mkcnixbpss N n Xd Zpcm{Klsa amciamb Imcap v ]ngpsxsp m\p Xo{h {]bxv\ønemwv ]pxnb djy. AhcpsS Bflm amb ]cn{iaw k^eamis F Xo{hm`nemjta Ct mgp q.'' Cßs\ sbmcphiw At±lØn\p mbncp psh v F{X Bcm[I dnbmw? AhcXv Hm Ωn p pt m? icxvn{µs\ B m WdnbmØXv? icxvn{µs "]ty Zm_n'(demand of the road) F t\mh Hcn cmpysø ]nsn pipep nbxmwv. B t\mhen hnπhøntebv p ]mx Bhiys Sp sx mwv F t±lw hc pim n. `bninxcmb {_n ojv km{am PyXz `cwm[nimcniƒ B t\mh \ntcm [n p. F m cmpysøhnssbpap P\ ßƒ AXv clkyambn hmbn p. AXn \n v Bthiapƒs m p. B ]pkvxiøn At±lw sxmgnemfnh hnπhøn\v Blzm\w snøp p v. "{ioim ' F t\mhen sdbn th {Sm v ÿm]n m th n IpgnsbSp p sxmgnemfnisf pdn v icxvn{µ ]dbp p v. Ah azy]n pibpw B`mkIcamb hnt\mzßfn G s SpIbpw snøp hcmwv. C v GXms m{]tzißfnepap GXms m `h\ßfnepw CXv \S p p v. icxvn{µ A pxs apxemfnø kaqlønse sxmgnemfnh Øns A]am\hoIcWØns Bcw`w ap n p. Cu t\mhen Iqen Wn m Xmakn p Hcp timf\nbp v. AhnsS Hcp Ip n timfd]nsns] v acwtømsv a Sn pibmwv. Ah\v Hcp Xp n sh w simsp m t]mepw Bcpw XømdmIp n. Cu sxmgnemfniƒ {KmaØn Xmakn ncp t mƒ Cßs\sbmchÿ Hcn epw D mbn n. _p nap pifpw ac Wßfpap miptºmƒ Ab hmkniƒ klmbhpambn HmSnsbØpambncp p. B a\ v \jvsambncn p p. "\mkcnixbpss apt Øns adbn kº s kzønt\msp B Øn a\pjys\ lrzban mø PohnIfm nøo Øncn p p'. F mwv icxvn{µ ]dbp Xv. apxemfnø \mkcnixsb CXneqsS At±lw \nµn pibmwv. F n t±lw ]dbp p: ""Hcp a\pjys acwa Fs thz\n n Xv. P\n hsc mw Hcp\mƒ acn pw Fs \n dnbmw. a\pjykøbpssbpw aqeyßfpssbpw acwamwv Fs thz \n n Xv.'' ""sxmgnemfnisf \miøns ]mxbneqss \bn Po Æ kwkvimc Øn\v A ywipdn psimt Ah v \mkcnixbpss apt m p {]bmww km[yam m Ignbq'' F t±lw sxmgnemfnisf Blzm\w snbvxp. Hcp ImeØv (tijw 5 mw t]pn )

bqwn n HIvtSm_ 2016 hnπhapt w XSbm apxemfnøw bphxzsø A[x]Xn n p p (4 mw t]pn \n v) _wkmfnsebpw cmpyømsibpap bphm sf Bthi`cnXcm nb hm pifpw DZvt_m[\ßfpw Chbmbncp p. Cu t\mhepiƒ hmbn mwv A\izc c km nifmb kqcysk, {]oxnex, _nt\mbv _mz Znt\iv F nhscms hnπh ]mxbntebv v B\bn s Xv. C v BcmWv Chsc Hm Ωn p Xv? F psim h hnkvacn s p? Bcm ycmb Cu hy nxzßsf ad pif p F XmtWm hnik\øns, ]ptcmkxnbpss ASbmfw? Cu alm msc pdn p Hm ΩIƒ ambv pifbm lo\amb \o w \S p sx psim v? kjmhv in_vzmkvtlmjv Cu tnmzyøn\v DØcw \ Ip p v. At±lw ]dbp p: ""cmpyøns [m ΩnI \nehmca mss XI m\p Hcp KqV\o Øn C ybnse `cwh w G s ncn pibmwv. Ah Atßb w kq{ximenifmwv. F{X ASn a Ønbmepw ] nwn n mepw Hcp P\ Xsbbpw Zo LImew t]meokns bpw ] mføns bpw _q n\snbn Xf nsm\mhn F h dnbmw. ASn a Øens bpw GIm[n]XyhmgvNIfpsSbpw F mesøbpw Ncn{Xw Hm Ωs SpØp Xv t]meokns\bpw ] mføns\bpsams D]tbmKn v F{XXs ASn a Ønbmepw A\oXnbne[njvTnXamb `c W{Iaßƒ Zo LImew kwc n p \n Ømt\m P\ßfpsS kwlsnxi nsb Fs t bv pambn Aa snømt\m km[ya F hkvxpxbmwv. [m ΩnIamb IcpØv \ne\n Øm\pw icnbmb hnπh {]Xybimkv{Xw Is Øm\pw Ign m P\ßfpsS i n APøambncn pw''. CXmWv kjmhv in_vzmkvtlmjv ]d Xv. cmpyøns C sø ]X\w t\m q. kjmhv tlmjns ap dnbn v F{X icnbmbncp p F v \ap v Xncn dnbm Ignbpw. bphm fpss [m ΩnI \s v XI m `cwh w {ian p p Hcp Iuamc mcs acwhpambn _ s v ] na_wkmfn ASpØnsS henb _lfap mbn. CSØcw IpSpw_ ßfn s kviqƒ hnzym niƒ P Zn \mtlmjhpambn _ s v azyhncp v \SØpIbmbncp p. kviqfpifnepw timtf PpIfnepw pifnepw F n\v sxcphn t]mepw azy]m\w h txmxn h n p hcnibmwv. F møcw elcnbpw _lnjvicn psim mbncp p \ΩpsS cmpyøv kzmx{ y kacw Bcw `n Xv. C v k mcpiƒ Xs azyjm pifpss FÆw h n n p p F XmWv hntcm[m`mkw. ti{µ k mcpw azyd]t`mkw h n n m Xm cys Sp p. kn]nsf(fw) A[nImcØnencp t mƒ azyjm piƒ IqWpt]mse apf ps]mßn. k mcns \nipxnhcpam\w h n n ms\ t]cn SnFwkn k mcpw FÆw Iq pibmwv. sh w IpSn p Xpt]msebmWv kviqƒ timtfpv hnzym niƒ ]ecpw azy]n p Xv. azy Øns bpw ab pacp ns bpsams D] tbmkw h n Wsa mwv `cwh Øns bpw A[nImcnIfpsSbpw ÿm]nx Xm cy mcpssbpsams B{Klw. kzmx{ y kactk\m\nifpw \thm m\ \mbicpsams hnkvarxnbnemis. Rßsfms ]Tn p ImeØv A ym ]I ]d p X ncp Xv Cu aløp sf kvacn psim pthww Znhkw Bcw `n m F mwv. sndp ImeØpXs alxzøntebv v Rßƒ BIr cmip kjmhv s{]mhmjv tlmjv Xv Aßs\bmWv. As n kjmhv in_vzmkv tlmjns alxzhpw Rßƒ v Xncn dnbm IgnbmsXt]mtbs\. C v \msns B kº amb ]mc ºcyw XpS p\o m\mwv, Cu alm msc ad phbv m\mwv A[nImcnIƒ {ian p Xv. C v kn\nam, kvt]m Svkv XmcßsfbmWv Bcm ycmbn Db Øn mwn p Xv. kn\nam XmcßfpsS amt\yxcamb PohnXhpw t{]a_ ßfpw kvt]m Svkv XmcßfpsS \ndw ]nsn n IYIfpsams am yaßfn \ndbp p. kn\nam Xob dpifnepw Snhnbnepsams A«oe kn\naiƒ {]Z in n p p. B`mkØcßfpw cxnsshirxßfpsams {]Ncn n m samss_ t^mwns\t mepw D]m[nbm p p. "IpSn p IqØmSpI' F kwkv mcw hym]n p Xn\\pkcn v kv{xoifpss PohnXhpw A pw A]I SØnembns m ncn p p. hnzymkmkdns bpwa pw ImeØv C{Xtbsd _em wkßfpw sime]mxißfpw D mbncpt m? cho{µ\mynt\m icxvn{µt\m Cßs\sbmcp ]X\w ImtW nh n pt m? {_n ojv `cwimeøv CsX mw C{XtØmfw hym]iambncpt m? C v aq p hb p s] Ip nt]mepw _em wkw snøs v sim s Sp p. 60 hbpimcnbpssbpw KXn AXpXs. Iq _ em wkßfpw s]cpipibmwv. Hcp s] Ip nsb t{]aw \Sn v tlm en sim pt]mipi, Iq pimcpiqsn _em wkw snbvxv hountbmbn ]I Øp I, B Zriyßƒ hn v ]Wap m pi F nßs\sbms \m n \S p p. A aisf _em wkw snøp Xns hm ØIfpw hcp p v. \mepw A pw m pifn ]Tn p Ip niƒt]mepw cxnsshirxßƒ v CcbmIp p F nstømfw `oxnp\iamwv kmlncyw. am\pjni KpWßƒ shsn v X Imcyw t\m nifmbn amdp a\pjy ]WØn \pth n kz w `mcytbtbm ktlmzcnsbtbm aitftbm hn m asnimwn mø ÿnxnbnseønbncn p p. hr cmb amxm]nxm sf Dt] n m\pw ]W Øn\pth n Ahsc sim m t]mepw asnimwn p n. {KmaPohnXØn Ahtijn p \ Ifpw {ItaW AkvXan pibmwv. {KmaoW kºzvls\ Zo L Imeambn apxemfnøøns ]nsnbnem Wv. ] dn apx F m Im jntim ßfpw C v tziob ItºmfØnse Nc pifmwv. {Kma{]tZisØ Hcp sndnb ISbn t]mepw tziob ItºmfØnse D ßfmWv hn p Xv. apxemfnø ItºmfØnse Nc pifpss ssiam w kpkaam m\mwv tdmupifpw hnhn[ßfmb KXmKX am ßfpsams G s SpØp Xv. AtXmsSm wxs {Kma{]tZißfnse e W n\v sxmgn cln Xcmb bphm fpw tziob ItºmfØnse Nc pifmbn am s ncn p p. \Kcßfn \n v \Kcßfntebv v Ah sxmgn txsn AebpIbmWv. {]hmkn sxmgnemfniƒ F mwv Ah Adnbs Sp Xv. Cu {]{InbbneqsS AhcpsS kwkv mchpw Zpjn p p. ÿncxbn msx Ae p Xncn p PohnXw AhcpsS IpSpw_ PohnXØns bpw Xmfw sx n p p. ho n `mcybpw Ip nifpap ]ecpw sn p nsßfnse mw ] mfnisf Is Øp p. Nne asßnhcp Xpt]mepan. {Kmaßfntebv v CSbvs ms h pt]mip hcmis \Kc Ønse Po Æ kwkv mcw t]dn {Kmam co sø aeoakam p p. s] hm Wn`ßfpsS GP pam ]ecpw {KmaoWcmsW nepw Ah \Kcßfn B `ms PohnXw \bn p hcmwv. I mspiƒ \nd IpSpw_ßfn \n v ]pdøv t]mip kv{xoifn Nne ho ptpmen snbvxpw a pw PohnXw X n \o ptºmƒ a p Nne A[m ΩnI am ßfntebv v hgpxn hogp p. F madnbp ho pimcm Is \ni X ]men p p. apsºms {KmaoW PohnXØn emfnxyhpw DØchmZnXzt_m[hpw Ab msc klmbn m\p at\m`mhhpw B `msßƒ p ]n mse ]mbmsx efnxamb PohnX ssien Ahew_n p coxnbpsams \ne\n ncp p. F m apxemfnøw F mw \in n p. CXnt\ mƒ hjfmb, thz\micamb kmlncysa mwp Xv? kvt\lw, klm\p`qxn, Zb, teme`mhßƒ, a\x m n pøv XpSßnbhsbms A{]Xy ambns m ncn pibmwv. _nsp]n, tim {K v, kn]nsf( Fw), SnFwkn XpSßnbhcpsSsbms `c WØn Iogn CØcØnep hnik \amwv cmpyøv \Ωƒ I psim ncn p Xv. axøn\v [m ΩnIX {]Zm\w snøm\mhn Cßs\sbms kw`hn p Xv AImcWambmtWm? CXv Ncn{XØns {Iqcamb A\nhmcyXbmtWm? apxemfnø `c Wm[nImcnIƒ \SØp Atßb w lo\ amb KqVmtemN\bpsS ^eambmwv CsX mw kw`hn p sx mwv kjmhv in_vzmkvtlmjv ]d n p Xv. a\pjykøbpw \ bpw \in n m\pw ss\xn I [m ΩnI ASnØd XI m\pw a\pjysc arkßfm nam m\pw Ah B{Kln p p. _em kwkw snøp hscm pw _em kwk mcmbn P\n p hc. Cu arkobx Ah FhnsS\n v B n p p? arkßƒ arkobamb kz`mhhntijßtfmssbmwv P\n p Xv. F m, a\pjy P\n p Xv a\pjy PohnbpsS imcocni khntijxitfmss am{xamwv. P\n ptºmƒ am\kniamb IgnhpItfm ss\xniamb ASnÿm\tam C. icnsx piƒ Xncn dn v a\xkm ntbmss {]h Øn m\p tijn a\pjy B n p Xv kaqløn \n pw kmaqlypohnxøn \n pw kmwkvimcn I ss\xni A co Øn \n pamwv. F psim mwn v P\ßƒ kaql Øn \n v Db kzmnmc ss\xni [mcwiƒ B n møxv? ImcWw, A`nImayamb ss\xnimsnød {]Zm\w snøm C v axßƒ mhp n F XmWv. ASnaØ k{ºzmbøns\xnscbpw kmaqly A\oXns Xnscbpw s]mcpxnbncp ImeØv axßƒ aqeyßfpw [m ΩnIXbpw {]Zm\w snbvxp. A v ]e D Xhy nxzßƒ pw P w \ Im axøn\v Ign p. F m, Ncn{XØns A\nhmcyamb KXn{Iaa\pkcn v, Hcp ImeL Øn ]ptcmka\]chpw aqeyh Øpamb Hcp {]Xybimkv{Xw ]n ossmcp ImeL Øn ]n ncn \pw lm\nichpambnøocp p. B L Øn AXv A\o Xn pw ASn a Øen\psaXnsc s]mcp XpIb, AXns\ kwc n pibmwv snøpi. Aßs\bmWv axw Imelc Ws SpIbpw A Xbpw Po ÆXbpw ]S ØpIbpw snbvxt mƒ Hcp ]pxnb, 5 ]ptcmka\]camb {]Xybimkv{Xw Ah Xcn n psim v bqtdm]y \thm m\w DZbw snbvxxv. P nøsøbpw axm[njvtnxamb cmphmgvnsbbpw FXn Ø bqtdm]y \thm m\øns {]tbm m ƒ, ImelcWs axhnizmkßsfbpw axm Xsbbpw t\cnsm B[p \ni imkv{xsøbpw AXns Nn mk XnIsfbpw Bbp[am n. `uxnihmzw, bm{ ni `uxnihmzw, At bxmhmzw, atxxcam\hhmzw, _q jzm am\hhmz kwkvimcw, P\m[n]Xy kwkv mcw F nhsb mw \thm m\øns thentb Øn {]Xn^en p. {]Xybimkv{XcwKØp mb Cu i amb apt w \thm m\ {]ÿm\øneqss bqtdm ns\bmsi {]Iº\w sim n p. CXns kzm[o\øn kaxzw, kzmx{ yw, kmtlmzcyw F nhbv pth nbpw cmphmgvnbpss ÿm\øv P\m[n]Xydn ªnIv ÿm]n p Xn\pth nbpap Unam piƒ Db Øs p. P\m[n]Xydn ªn n P\ßfmWv `cwls\bpw \nbaßfpsams \n Ωn p Xv. P\ ßƒ sxcs Sp p {]Xn\n[nIƒ `c WLS\{]Imcw `cww \SØp p. P n Øhncp, cmphmgvnhncp _q jzm hnπhambncp p CXv. apxemfnøw A v ]ptcmka\]chpw Du kzehpambncp p. P\ßƒ pth n P\ßƒ \SØp P\ßfpsS `cww F ap{zmhmiyapb Øs p. ]g w sn Xpw Imelc Ws Xpamb axaqeyßfpssbpw [m ΩnI XbpsSbpw ÿm\øv ]pxnb am\hhmz aqeyßfpw [m ΩnIXbpw Db ph p. a\pjykøsb kw_ n v Hcp ]pxnb k w DZbw snbvxp. Cu {]ÿm\øns `mkambn bqtdm n imkv{xw, hn m\imkv{xw, XXzNn, Ie, kmlnxyw F o cwkßfnse mw {]apj hy nxzßƒ {]Xy s p. Cu ]m mxy\thm m\øns kzm[o\øn \ΩpsS cmpyøpw \thm m\ apt ap mbn. dmwtaml, hnzymkmk, tpymxndmhp^qse, ]n osv cho {µ\my SmtKm, icxvn{µnm Pn, t{]wn µv, \{kqƒ, kp{_ Wy`mcXn F nhsc mw C y \thm m\øns {]Xn \n[nifmbncp p. XpS v cmjv{sobcwkøv kn.b.zmkv, emem epv]xvdmbv, _me KwKm[c XneI, kp`mjvn{µt_mkv Dƒs ss \nch[n kzmx{ ykac t]mcmfnisfbpw c km nisfbpw \ap v e`n p. A v k n at\m`mhap apxemfnh ambncp p t\xrxzønse nepw kzmx{ ykacw kz`mhkpwhpw am\pjni aqeyßfpw {]Zm\w snbvxp. F m, kzmx{ ykacimesø _q jzm tziobhmz BZ ißfpw AXv {]Zm\w snbvx ss\xni [m ΩnI aqeyßfpw C v A{]k ambncn p p. A zm\n p P\hn`mKßƒ kzmx{ y Øn\pth n s]mcpxnsb nepw {_n ojv km{ampyxzøns ASn a Ø `cw Øns ÿm\øv kz w NqjWhmgvN ÿm]n pi F Xmbncp p kacøn\v t\xrxzw simspø tziob_q jzmknbpss AYhm Sm m _n fmamcpss e yw. CtX pdn v kp`mjvn{µt_mkpw `K XvknwKpw icxvn{µnm Pnbpw \{kpƒ Ckvemapsa mw katbmnnxw ap dnbn v \ Inbncps nepw AXv P\kmam\y Øntebv v FØnbn. (XpScpw) P]vXn\S]SnIƒs Xnsc sff ]nf \SØnb B e pg IfIvt{S v am v FkvbpknsF (kn) kwÿm\i Ωn nbwkw kjmhv Fk.cmPoh DZv LmS\w snøp p

6 bqwn n HIvtSm_ 2016 tziob hnzym`ymk \bw 2016: A]ISIchpw h \mflihpamb ]pxnb tcj ti{µ`cww ssiøs m\p ]Stbm Øn\nSbn 2014 se s]mxpsxcs Sp v kabøv `mcxob P\Xm ]m n apt m psh hmkvzm\ßfnsem mbncp p ]pxnb hnzym`ymk\bøns cq]oicww. _nsp]nbpss Bib]n _ehpw cmjv{sob am Z inifpamb B FkvF ns G hpw {]apjamb AP Ubn hcp Xm WnXv F hkvxpx Xs sxfnbn p Xv, B ]m n F{XtØmfw {]m[m\ytømss CXns\ I ncp p F XmWv. Ipd v Nm m ßƒ ptijw, ASp ØnsS ti{µ am\hhn`htijn a{ mebw, IcSv tziob hnzym`ymk \bøn\p Nne \n t±ißƒ (C\n Nne \n t±ißƒ F v ]cma in s Spw) F tcj ]pdøpsim p hcnibp mbn. t\ctø ]e kµ `ßfnepw, hnzym`ymktajebpambn _ s v Db ph ]e {]iv\ßfnepw, AXpt]mse cmpysø hnzym`ymktaje t\cn ]e B{IaWßfnepw, ]m n tziob apj]{xamb t{]ment dnb CdbneqsS Rßƒ A`n{]mbßƒ tcjs SpØnbncp p. (2014 Unkw _ 1, 2015 P\phcn 1, 2015 s^{_phcn 1, 2015 G{]n 15, 2016 P\phcn 15 e ßƒ) Ct mgsø tcj kw_ n pw RßfpsS A`n{]mbw tcjs SpØpIbmWv. F m AXns hnizmwißfnte v IS p Xn\p apºmbn, \ΩpsS cmpysø hnzym`ymk kwhn[m\øns Ncn{X] møew Npcp Øn H p ]cntim [nt Xp v. B[p\nIcmjv{SØn\mbn hn`mh\w snøs n p hnzym`ymkw B[p\nI C y cmjv{sw Db p h t mƒ, \ΩpsS kzmx{ yøn\mbn s]mcpxnb ChnSpsØ XeapXn hnzym `ymkhnn Wcpw, t{ijvthy nxzßfpw {]Xo n Xv, Hcp ]pxpkzx{ ]cam[nimc cmjv{søn\pxip `mhnxeapd Isf hm søsp p hnzym`ymk kwhn [m\amwv. AXns ASnÿm\ambn Ah hn`mh\w snbvxxv, F mh pw {]m ]yamb, kup\yhpw ka{khpamb hnzym `ymkamwv. AXv t\ctø Aßs\ Bbncp n Xm\pw. Hu]NmcnIhnZym`ymkØns XmtgØew apx G hpw Db Xew hsc, Hmtcm L Ønepw ku P\yhpw km h{xnihpamb hnzym`ymkw \ ti Xns apgph DØchmZn Øhpw k mcn\mwv. AXn\mbn \ymbamb _P v hnlnxw Dƒ ss k m hn`hßƒ \ ti Xp v F pw Ah Nq n mwn p. AtXmsSm w Ah Dd p hnizkn ncp Xv, hnzym`ymkøns D S w \n Æbnt Xv Hcn epw k mc F p Xs bmwv. ]Icw, hnzym`ymkhnzkv[cpw ]WvUnXcpw hnzym`ymksø kvt\ln p hcpw Hs bmwv AXv \n Æbnt Xv. AX\pkcn v, \nch[nbmb D Xhy nxzßƒ Ign Imeßfn PohnXw Dgn psh v, XßfpsS Bibßfpw ho Wßfpw XnI pw hy ambnøs tcjs SpØnsh n p v. ]ucm WnI C ybpss A`nam\Icamb hn m \]mcºcytømsv Xßƒ p BZchpw DØchmZnØhpw \ne\n Ønb Cu AkwJyw almflm fn, hnthim\µ, cmpm dmwtaml tdmbn, Cuiz N{µ hnzymkmk, c_o{µ\my SmtKm, taml Zmkv IcwNµv Km n, tkm]meirjvw tkmjse, emem epv]xv dmbv, XpSßn F{Xtbm t] Dƒs Sp p. Ahscms bpw hnizkn ncp Xv, hnzym`ymkøn\v PohnXw A høm p, a\pjys\ krjvsn p, kz`mhw cq]oicn p Hcp ] mwv \n ln m\p Xv F mwv. Db p hcp Hcp cmjv{sw, cmpymxn ØnIƒ v AXoXambn atxxchpw imkv {Xobhpw P\m[n]Xy]chpamb B[p\nI hnzym`ymkøm k am s ts Xps v Ah v Adnbmambncp p. C sø temiøn Xebpb Øn nsn v \n phm X hæw, apgph IcptØmSpw Xo vwxtbmspw alnatbmspw IqSn hf p hcphm cmpysø AXp am{xta klmbn q. kzmx{ ym\ cw, hnzym`ymkcwksø ]cnjvimcßƒ v Imlfw apg n hºn {]NmcamWv \ Int m Xv. F m, ImeØn\v A\ptbm Pyamb hnzym`ymkk{ºzmbsø Ipdn v \ΩpsSbo ap Xeapdbv p mbncp kz]v\ßƒ ]q ØoIcn s n n F p am{xa, Hmtcm XhWbpw hnzym`ymk cwkw Agn p]wnbptºmgpw, B kz]v\ ßƒ XInSw adnbp XmbmWv I p hcp Xv. Ct mƒ _nsp]n k m apt m p sh p IcSv tziob hnzym`ymk\bw (F C]n), XßfpsS am Z inbmb B FkvF ns lo\] XnItfmsS \n t±in s Sptºmƒ, cmpysø hnzym `ymk hnik\øns\xnsc \S KqV \o ßfpsS ] nibntebv v AXpw Iq nt s SpIbmWv. cq]oicw {]{Inb ]pxnb hnzym`ymk\bw cq]oicn p Xns `mkambn, ti{µ am\hhn`htijn a{ mebw 2015 am v 21\v, \n ±njvs hnzym`ymk\bsø kw_ n Hcp tcj sim phcnibp mbn. Cu cmpysø hnzym`ymktajesb Ipdn v DXvIWvTbp GsXmcmfpw {]Xo n ncn pi, hnzym `ymk\bw cq]oicnt NpaXe, D Xio jcpw bp n`{zhpw P\m[n]Xy]chpamb at\m`mhtømsp IqSnbhcpw Hs bmb hnzym`ymkhnzkv[cpw AXpt]mse kaqløns a p XpdIfn \n p D Xcmb hy nxzßfpw Hs ASßp Hcp s]mxp kanxnsb G n psa mbncp p. t\ctø ]d Xpt]mse, CXv k mcns tbm, AXns a{ namcpsstbm, AhcpsS HØmi mcmb kwls\ifpsstbm, hy nifpsstbm, DtZymKÿcpsStbm tpmenb. F m, Cu icnbmb hgnbn \n pw F{Xtbm AIsebmbncp p kzoicn {]{Inb. AtXkabØv, hnhn[xeßfnembn \qdpiw n\v tbmkßƒ \SØnsb am\hhn`htijn a{ mebøns Ah ImihmZw tnmzyw snøs p. Dbcp tnmzyßƒ Fs m, CXn F{X FÆØn, AXmXp Xeßfnse BfpIƒ ]s Sp pitbm AdnbpItbm F nepw snbvxn p v. Cu tbmkßfpsssbms \S]Sn{Iaßfpw ^ehpw F s ms bmbncp p. Cu tnmzyßsfms DØcw In msx Ahtijn p p. AtX kabw Xs, B FkvFkv hnt[bxzap kwls\ifpw hy nifpw C y hnzym`ymkk{ºzmbsø ASnapSn Agn p]wnbphm\p Bhiyw Db Øp Xmbn Xpd p]d ncp p. cmpysø hn Zym`ymk k{ºzmbøntebv v sslµhnn Iƒ Dƒs m n p XneqsStb AXn\v ]q ÆX \ In {]iv\ßƒ ]cnlcn m km[n q F XmWv AhcpsS A`n{]mbw. XßfpsS A`n{]mbßƒ A sø am\hhn`htijn a{ n p ka n psh pw, AXv ]cnkwn v Dƒs m n psh pw Ah AhImis Sp p. ASpØ L Øn, {][m\ambpw DtZymKÿ Dƒs Hcp A wk IΩn n, ]pxnb hnzym`ymk \bøns cq]oicwøn\mbp IΩn n, F t]cn krjvsn s p. ]n osv SnFkvB kp{_ Wy kanxn F dnbs Cu kanxn XßfpsS \n t±ißfsßnb dnt m v 2016 tabv 27\v am\hhn`htijn a{ meb Øn\v ka n p. a{ mebw Cu dnt m v s]mxpn bv mbn ka n pibpw XßfpsS hniie\w \SØpsa pamwv a y{]tzin FsFFwFkvFkv kwÿm\ ktωf\w BKÃv 28,29 XobXnIfn Kzmfntbmdn \S AJnte ym alnfm kmwkvimcni kwls\ a y{]tziv kwÿm\ ktωf\øns kz v. ktωf\w FsFFwFkvFkv AJnte ym{]knu v kjmhv OmbapJ Pn DZvLmS\w snbvxp. {]Xo n Xv. F m AhcmIs, dnt m v ]ckys SpØp Xn\p]Icw, t\ctø ]cma in, Nne \n t±ißƒ F 43 ]pdßfp tcj 2016 Pqssebn sim phcnibpw, AXneqsS ]pxnb hnzym`ymk\bw Hcp \mgni mipsa v AhImis SpIbpw snbvxp. AsX pam Is, Cu tcjbpss DcpØncnb Xs ImWn p Xv am\hhn`htijn hip n\v C mcyøn icnbmb kao]\an mbncp p F p Xs bmwv. hnzym`ymkøns e yw \n ±njvstcjbn, Icn pew ]p\xcp oh\hpw ]co m ]cnjvicwhpw F A ymbw 4.5 XpSßp Xv Hcp D cwntbmsp IqSnbmWv. ""kzman hnthim\µs\ D cn p ]dbpibmsw n, ""hnzym`ymksa Xv \nßfpss Xet mdn IpØn \nd v, AhnsS BbpjvImew Zln msx InS v Iem]w \SØp hnhcßfpss Afh. \ap p th Xv, PohnX\n Ωn Xn pxip, a\pjys\ krjvsn p, kz`mhw cq]oicn p BibßfpsS kzmwioicwamwv. \nßƒ A v Bibßƒ BKocWw snøpibpw AXv \nßfpss PohnXsØbpw kz`mhtøbpw \n Æbn pibpw snbvxpsh n, Hcp ]pkvxiime apgph a\]mtam nb Hcmtf mƒ hnzym`ymkw \nßƒ t\sn gn p... hnzym`ymksa Xv ÿnxnhnhcw am{xamsw n {KŸimeIƒ G hpw henb k\ymknifpw hnizhn m\timiw almejnbpambncn pw..'' CXv F C]nbn ]n osp mb Iq nt emwv. F m tcjbpss aq mw A ymbøn, hnzym`ymkøns 14 e yßfpss ] ni simspøn p v. AhnsSbmIs, tcjbn as hnsssb nepamis, hnthim\µs D cwnbnse Cu e yw AXn\v A ln p ÿm\w Is ØpItbm, ]cnkwn s SpItbm snbvxn n. cmpysø hnzym`ymk kwhn[m\øn \mgni mipw ]pxnb hnzym`ymk\bw F am\hhn`htijn hip ns AhImihmZØn\p tijamwn Xv. ]Icw, hnzym`ymkøns e ysø sxmgnen\pw kwcw`ixzøn\pambp ss\]pwyhnik\øntebv pw cmpy Øns hnik\øn\pw PohnXØn \pap sxmgn km[yx h n n p Xntebv pw Npcp pibmwv. ]t Cu tcj Nne tnmzyßƒ v DØcw \ Ip n. ISpØ hymhkmbni {]Xnk naqew Ipd phcp sxmgnehkcßƒ ]p\xcp ]mzn n m, ss\]pwy hnik \Ønepw sxmgn t\sp Xn\pw {]m[m \yw I n p hnzym`ymksøs m v Ignbptam? F pxs bpa, D] t`mkkwkvimcønepw, sxmgnet\zjw Ønepw, hy nb[njvtnxamb kao]\ Ønepw ho WØnepw Du simsp p Xn \n pw, hnzym`ymksø kwc n p \n ØWsa e yw hnzym`ymk\bøn\p mti Xt? IqSmsX atx Xchpw imkv{xobhpamb B[p\nIhnZym`ymksØ pdn v tcjbn HcnS Øpw ]cma ian. hnzym`ymkøns ASnÿm\wXs imkv{xobcoxnbpw kao ]\hpw {]{Inbbpw BIWsa v Nq n m nbn pt]mepan. hyhÿbnse {]iv\ßƒ cmpysø hnzym`ymktajebn KpcpXcamb {]iv\ßƒ \ne\n p p F Xv GsXmcmƒ pw \ntj[n mt\m, AhKWn mt\m BImØ kxywxs bmwv. {]kvxpxtcjbn Øs AXv AwKoIcn p p v. hnzym`ymkønse {]thi\hpw ] mfnøhpambn _ s v, \ Ip hnzym`ymkøns \nehmcw, hnzym`ymkønse kaxzw, `cwhpw \n lwhpw, KthjWhpw hnik\ hpw, hnzym`ymkhnik\øn\p kmº (tijw 7 mw t]pn )

bqwn n HIvtSm_ 2016 U lnbn tziob hnzym`ymk I h j 7 `KXvknwKv P hm jnizn\amb sk]vxw_ 28 \v U lnbnse sfhm C Lmeo_v BUnt mdnbøn, hnzym`ymkøn\pw kwkvimcøn\pw \mkcnixbv pw t\sc Dbcp sh phnfnisf t\cnspi F ap{zmhmiyhpambn Hcp tziob hnzym`ymk I h j \S p. cmpyøns hnhn[ `mkßfn \n mbn 750 Gsd {]Xn\n[nIƒ ]s SpØp. kjmhv Ia skbv A y X hln p. hnhn[ bqwnthgvkn nifnse {]K cmb hy nxzßƒ I h j\n ]s SpØp. tum. {[p_tpymxn apj Pn(ap Xeh, PntbmfPn Un m psa v, I bqwnthgvkn n), s{]m^.\tc{µ i Ω(ap ^m n saº, k o lpssk timtfpv, U ln), tum.znt\iv _bvj (FgpØpImc, ap {]n kn, _n._dph timtfpv, A w), s{]m^.apbv]sv\mbniv({]knu v, U ln bqwnthgvkn n Sot gvkv Atkmkntbj ), s{]m^.tlaµvipam jm(f v.si.b Svkv timtfpv, AlΩZm_mZv), AtimIv an{i(p\d sk{i dn, FsFUnFkvH) XpSßnbh {]kwkn p. s{]m^.c ^m l_o_v(fand kv s{]m^k, AenK ap ow bqwnthgvkn n), s{]m^.]n.fkv ss_sk (ap hn.kn, inhmpn bqwnthgvkn n, a y{]tziv), s{]m^. chnh ΩIpam (ap AUzt v P\d, I ÆmSI) F nh I h js hnpbøn\v BiwkIƒ t\ psim v Ab ktµißƒ Ab p. A mzaniambn ]n m w \n p Ip nisf kv qfpifn h p Xs Is ØpIbpw, Ah p th ]cnlmc \S]SnIƒ \S m pibpw snøpw. ChnsS DXvIWvTtbmsS \Ωƒ a\ nemt Imcyw, Ip nisf ]co bn txm n m ]msn F \bw, kv qƒ hnzym`ymkøn\p Xs A]ISw hcpønsh p. k mcpiƒ \ntbmkn kanxnifpw, `qcn `mkw kwÿm\ßfpw Cu hkvxpx icnsh pibmwv. \njvif `mhtømss CXv AwKoIcn p ti{µam\hhn`htijn a{ mebw, A a\t mssbp \S]Sn am{xamwv FSp p Xv. Xo bmbpw AXv P\IobkΩ ±sø XpS p am{xamwv. F n pw hnzym`ymkw Bcw`n p H mw mkv apx Pbw txm hn k{ºzmbw AhXcn n m Ah XømdmIp n. Hmƒ C y sutam{im niv ÃpU vkv Hm Kss\tkj, Hmƒ C y tkhv FUyqt j IΩn n F o kwl\iƒ Ft mgpw Bhiys Sp Xpw CXv Xs bmwv. ChnsS c p XcØnep hnzym niƒ krjvsn s Sp p. H v, k m kv qfpifn ]Tn p Zcn{Zcmb Ip niƒ. c v, Db ^okv hmßp kzimcy kv qfpifn \n pw, icnbmb hnebncpø AS ap ani in Ww t\sp, kº h Øn \n p Ip niƒ. hnzym n kaql Øns s]mxphnep XmXv]cyØn\p hncp ambn, F m kzmx{ ym\ cw `cwm[nimcnifpw \bcq]i Øm fpw {ian psim ncp Xp t]mse, _lpp\ ßƒ v hnzym`ymkw Npcp p \bhpambn CXv tbmpn pibpw snøp p. AXpsIm p Xs, H s n as mcp t]cn F mhtcbpw Pbn n p hnsp Cu \bw XpScpI Xs snøpw. ]co m ]cnjvicwsa t]cn, G hpw A[nIw txm hnbp mip IW v, imkv{xw, Cw ojv hnjbßƒ p ]Ømw mkv t_m Uv ]co, c v Xeambn \SØm tcj \n t±in p p. F m, A mzaniambn ]n m w \n p hnzym nisf klmbn phm\p ASnÿm\kuIcyßsfbpw A[ym ]Iscbpw Ipdn v Hcp hm p t]mepw ]cma in p pan. Xo bmbpw Cu \S]Sn c p Xcw hnzym nisf krjvsn pw. km[mcw kv qfpifnse Zp _eamb kuicyßfn CXphsc k hscbpw Pbn n phnsp \bøn\piogn ]Tn ph hcmb BZysØ hn`mkw, AXp (tijw 8 mw t]pn ) tziob hnzym`ymk \bw 2016: (6 mw t]pn \n v) ØnI {]Xn m_ X F nhsb mw Cu tajebnse \nch[nbmb \ne\n p {]iv\ßfpw sh phnfnifpamwv(]pdw 7). ]t HcnSØpw {]iv\ ßfpsS bym ImcWw \n Nn m\p Bflm amb ]cn{iaan. Bflm Xbp ]cnlmc\n t±ißfpan. ap Ime sx piƒ XncpØn hnzym`ymkw F mh pw {]m]vxam m k mcn\v bym Øn Xm cyap mbncp psh n, 2009 se hnzym`ymk AhImi \nbaw d±m ns m v, F m XeØnepw hnzym`ymkw auenimhimiam n am ns m,v bym hnzym`ymk AhImiw Dd m phm\p \nba\n ΩmWw \SØWw. A msx tcjbn \n t±in p Xpt]mse \yq\] ÿm]\ßsf XncnsI Dƒs m n m\mbn, \nbaøn t`zkxn hcpøww F XcØnep D]cnπh \S]SnIf th Xv. cmpysø hnzym`ymkÿm] \ßsf icnbmb ]mxbntebv v XncnsI sim phcm Bflm amb B{Klw k mcn\ps n, ti{µ _P ns 10%, Poh\ mcpss iºfhpw s] j\pw am n\n Øn, Cu taje mbn \o n sh Ww. hnzym`ymkønse kzm{ibk{ºzmbw \n ØpIbpw k m apx aps n htcwyÿm]\ßƒ Bcw`n p Xv Ahkm\n n pibpw thww. hnzym`ymkÿm]\ßƒ v A mzani ]n pw Dd m n, `uxnikmlncyßƒ sa s SpØpIbpw thww. P\m[n]XytØmSpw `cwls\m ]camb am ßtfmSpw bym BZcw a{ mebøn\ps n, hnzym`ymksø I Id v ] nibn s]spøn, hnzym `ymk {]iv\ßfn kwÿm\ßfpss AhImißƒ Dd m pibpw thww. simgn pt]m v hnzym`ymktajebnse Nne {]iv \ßƒ \aps m p N snømw. DZmlcWØn\v simgn pt]m v. tcj kωxn p Xv, ss{]adn XeØn 83.7%, Fesa dn XeØn 67.4 ixam\hpamwv ]T\w XpScp hcpss FÆw. AXmbXv, H mw m n tncp 10 Ip nifn 4 t] F mw m n\p aptº ]T\w \n Øp p. hkvxpxisf kw_ n v ]ckv]chncp amb {]kvxmh\ifpw tcjbnep v. ImXemb XI bps v HcnSØp ]dbp p, as mcnsøv {i thwsa pam{xw. F m HcnSØpw Imc Wtam ]cnlmctam C. kmºøniambpw kmaqlniambpw ]n m w \n p hn`mkßfnse Ip nisf kviqfpifn \ne\n tø Xns {]m[m\yw Cu simgn pt]m v {]iv\w Db Øn m p p, F v tcj hnebncpøp p. F m F p \S]SnIƒ, bmsxmcp kqn\bpw C. ChnsS ]dbp Xv, kmºøniambn ]n m w \n p hn`mkßfnse Ip niƒ v {]o ss{]adn hnzym`ymkøn ]s Sp phm\p Ahkcw IpdbpIbmWv F XmWv. ]t F psim v? kzimcyh cwhpw I hsh cwhpw aqew Zn\w{]Xn h n p `oaamb hnzym`ymks ehv Xs bt CXn\v ImcWw? AXp Xs bt k mcpiƒ kzbw \S nem p Xpw? Zmcn{Zy\nesb Ipdn v k m Fs ms IW piƒ AhXcn n mepw cmpysø `qcn`mkw P\ßfpw Zmcn{ZyØns ]nsnbnemsw p Xs bt CXv ImWn p Xv? Cu ImcWßsfms kuicy]q w ad p p. {]o kviqƒ Ip niƒ p th n \btcjbn apxe Æo Hgp p ti{µk m Xs bmwv, Cu hn`mkøn\p th nbp sfknunfkv hnlnxw \n ±bw _P n sh n pd Xv. AXpsIm p Xs simgn pt]mip hsc Ipdn p hnem]w shdpw Im]SyamIp p. hnzym`ymkøns KpW\nehmcw tcjbn ]dbp Xv, kv qƒ hnzym `ymkw t\cnsp G hpw henb sh phnfn, Ip nifpss ]T\Øns \nehmc Øn D mip IpdhmWv. Cu \nehmcøi bpss `bm\iamb bmym yw ad p ]nsn p Xn\mbn Bflm Xbn mø P \ßƒ ImWmw. F m bym {]iv\ßƒ Hgnhm nbncn p p. F psim v ]e kv qfpiƒ pw Zb\obamb ASnÿm\kuIcyßƒ? F psim v Hmtcm {KmaØnepw kv qfns Bhiyap mbn pw AXn\v k m {]XnPvRm_ ambn pw axnbmb kv qfp Ifpw A[ym]Icpw D mip n? F psim v F m ÿm]\ßfnepw tbmkyxbp A[ym]Iscbpw a v Poh\ mscbpw Bhiym\pkcWw Hgnhp XkvXnIIfn \nban p n? F psim v XmXvImenI A[ym]Itcbpw Poh\ mtcbpw ÿncs SpØn Ipdhp \niøp n? hnzym nitfbpw amxm]nxm tfbpw ]n m w hen p simsnb Zmcn{ZyØn\v F psim v ]cnlmcap mip n? F psim v hnzym`ymkcwkøv a{ namcpw DtZymKÿcpw ASßp D XXeßfn ISpØ AgnaXn \ne\n p p? IgnhpsI `cw\n lwhpw a v Xn Ifpw FSp Øp ]dtb Xn. CsXm pw ]cma in msx F mw hnzym nifptsbpw A[ym ]IcptSbpw Npaen sh p p. CsXms \bßƒ cq]oicn p hcpss Bflm amb e yßtfbmtwm ImWn p Xv? kzimcyh cww kzimcyh cwsø kw_ n pw h txmxnep kzimcyh cww krjvsn A]ISIcamb ÿnxnsb Ipdn pap Xpd Ip kωxap v. F m \bøn AXn\p adp]snbn. CXv F p sim v kw`hn p? k mcpif msx a mcmwv CXn\v DØchmZnIƒ? ap tim {Kkv k mc msx a mcmwv, hnzym`ymkw A\p]aamb \nt ]w F ap{zmhmiyapb Øn, kzimcyh c WØns aesh m nen\v XpS an Xv. hnhn[ h ÆØnep simsniƒ ]nsns nepw ]n osp h k mcpisf mw Xs a kc_p ntbmss Cu \bw XpS p. C\n Ct mgsø k mcn\v hyxykvxxbpw Bflm Xbpw Ds n, F mwv kzoicnt ]cnlmcam ßƒ? ^okv h \hpiƒ ASnb cambn ]n hen pi, hnzym`ymkøns F m Xeßfnepw Iym nt j timg hnjbøn ASnb c hne piƒ sim phcni, H w thƒuv t{suv Hm Kss\tkjs ]cn[nbn \n pw hnzym`ymkhpw a v tkh\tajeifpw ]n hen pi. txm hnbn m \bw Hcp Ip nsb t]mepw txm n cpxv F Xv C v hnzym`ymktajebn Hcp ]pibp hnjbamwv. Nne \n t±ißƒ F tcj ]dbp p, Ip nisf txm n m ]msn F \bøns Nne `mkßƒ t`zkxn snøpw. ImcWw hnzym n IfpsS A mzani {]IS\sØ AXv KpcpXcambn _m[n n p v. Cu \bw A mw mkp hscbmbn ]cnanxs Sp Øpw. Db mkpifn mkvib w ]co m^ew A\pkcn p Xs bmipw.

8 bqwn n HIvtSm_ 2016 tziob hnzym`ymk \bw 2016: (7 mw t]pn \n v) sim pxs D XhnZym`ymkØn\p {]m]vxcmimsx ]pdømip p. Ah ]n osv Fs nepw sxmgne[njvtnx hnzym `ymkønte p Xncn v, XnI pw {]h N\mXoXamb a cw ap nb sxmgn I tºmfønte v FSpsØdnbs Sp p. c masø hn`mkamis, hnetbdnb kzimcy kv qfpifn ani A[yb\ hpw ]cnioe\hpw t\sn, cmpyøpw hntziøpap G hpw ap nbtpmeniƒ mbn {]m]vxcm s Sp p. Cu ZpxÿnXn Hgnhm m ]pxnb hnzym`ymk\bw F s nepw sntø Xt? AXpt]mse Xs, skaã /tnmbvkv s{iun v t_kv Uv kwhn[m\ßfneqss hnzym`ymksø hn`pn v ka{kamb Adnhp t\sp Xn\p Ahkcw \ntj[n p \S]SnIƒ DSs\ Ahkm\n n Ww. s]mxp ]co sb Zp _eam p, AgnaXnbpw ] t`zhpw Hs krjvsn p \bßfpw ]n hen Ww. A[yb\`mj A[yb\Øn\p `mjm am[yasø pdn v tcj ]dbp p. F m kwÿm \ßƒ pw ti{µ`cw{]tzißƒ pw, Ah p XmXv]cyaps n A mw mkp hscbp kv qƒ hnzym`ymk Øn\v AhchcpsS amxr`mjtbm AYhm {]mtzini`mjtbm A[yb\ `mjbmbn D]tbmKn mhp XmWv. ChnsS AYhm F p]tbmkn ncn p Xv, amxr`mj p ]Icw {]mtzini`mjsb \nebn lnµn v IS p hcm\p Ahkcw Hcp m\mwv. Cw ojv `mj t]mepw {]mtbmknixeøn HXpßpw. AXns kmlnxytam `mjm]t\hpambn _ s a v `mkßtfm Hgnhm s v {]m[m \yw Ipd v am n \n Øs Spw. CXn\v D] cnbmbn tcjbn ]cma in p Xv, C y `mjifpss hf bnepw cmpyøns kmwkvimcni sfiyønepw kwkvirx Øn\p {]txyi] v ]cnkwn psim v kv qƒ bqwnthgvkn n Xeßfn kwkvirxw ]Tn n phm IqSpX DZmcamb {iaw \StØ Xp v. 2016 tabn a{ mebw ]pdønd nb \n t±ißƒ {]Imcw, sfsfsniƒ AS w tziob {]m[m\yap ÿm]\ßfn kwkvirx ]T\Øn\p kwkvirxw sk piƒ XpSßWsa pw, kwkvirx`mjbpw kmlnxyhpap]tbmkn v imkv{xhpw kmt XnIhnZybpw a v B[p\nIhnjbßfpw ]Tn phm kmlncysamcp Wsa pw ]dbp p. as mcp a{ me btcj (kwkvirxøns hf p ho Whpw cq]tcjbpw) AhImis Sp Xv, KthjWØns bpw I p]nsnøßfptsbpw ] møeøn, kn m intcma Wn, hr Bbp thzw XpSßnb \qdp IW n\v ]Zßƒ v hfsc {]m[m\yap v F mwv. ChnsS hy amip Xv, GtXm AP UbpsS `mkambn \ΩpsS hnzym`ymkøns ]e Xeßfnepw kwkvirxw ASnt n m\p {ia ØnemWv ti{µk m. ChnsS `mh \mfliamb alxzw sshzni ImeL Øn\p I n s Sp p. Fs mcp Cc Øm mwnxv. Hcp hiøv ss\]pwyhn Ik\Øn\mbn imkv{xøns kmt Xn Ihißƒ BtKmf Imgv mtsmss Hcp hn`mkøn\pw, sxmgn ]cnioe\ambn _lpp\ßƒ pw e`n phm\p ]T\{]{Inb mbn Ah hmzn p p. adphiøv, imkv{xøns t]cn Fs ms tbm kwkvirxøn ]Tn n phm t{]m kmln n p p. AXm Is, ]co W \nco Wßfn ASnbpd B[p\nIimkv{XØn \n pw F{Xtbm hnzqcxbnep Imcyßƒ. Hcn epw XΩn tncmø Cu c p Imcyßfpw \ΩpsS hnzym`ymksø Ftßm p \bn pw? am\hhn`htijn a{ mebw CXn\v DØcw ]dt Xocq. kzbw`cwøn\p taep DtZymKÿ ISn m bqwnthgvkn n {Km vkv IΩoj, Hmƒ C y Iu kn t^m ssiv\n FUyqt j F nhsbsbms Agn p ]Wnbm\pw hnzym`ymkøns `cw\n lwsø \n Æbn m\pap ip]m iifpw tcj \n t±in p p. hnzym`ymk hip piƒ, kv qfpiƒ, k Iemime Iƒ, A mzaniv Poh\ mcpss \nba\w, ]cnioe\w XpSßnbhbpsSsb mw \n lwønepw \nco WØnepsa map am w CXn Dƒs Sp p. CsX mw Xs ti{µoirxamb DtZymKÿ `cwønte pw, XßfpsS AP, AXv F p Xs bmbmepw kpkaambn \S m nsbsp m\p \nb{ Ww hnzym`ymkkwhn [m\øn\p ta t\snsbsp p Xnte pw \bn pw. AXp kzbw`cww F tnmzyw Xs A{]k am pw. ]Icw ÿm]\ßfpss \n _ nx A{IUnt j \bw Ahkm\n n phm\p \S]Sn sbsp pibmws{x th Xv. CXm Is I hsh cwsø t{]m kmln n,v bppnkn klmbßƒ p am\ ZWvUambn A{IUnt js\ am p Xn \mwv. IqSmsX LS\m]camb am ßfneqsS hnzym`ymkøns GIm[n]Xy]camb ti{µoicww, kzimcy k Iemime _n, hntzi k Iemime _n, hnzym`ymk ss{s_yqw _n, ti{µ k Iemime _n XpSßnbhsbms \nba]cam m\p {iaßƒ Ahkm\n n Ww. A mzaniv kaql Øns kzmx{ yw, P\m[n]Xy Ah Imißƒ, hnzym nifpssbpw A[ym] IcpsSbpw a v Poh\ mcpssbpw P\m[n ]Xy AhImißƒ, hnzym`ymk ÿm] \ßfpsS {]h Ø\ kzmx{ yw F nhbnsems IS p Ibdp Xpw \nb{ Wta s SpØp Xpamb \bßfpw Ahkm\n n Ww. hntzi k IemimeIƒ Nne \n t±ißƒ tcj ]dbp p, temisø ani 200 k IemimeIfn sxcs Sp s Sp hbv v, C y k IemimeIfpambp klicwøneqss XßfpsS km n yw cmpyøv sim phcp Xns\ t{]m kmln n pw. th n h m, Bhiyamb \nba\n ΩmWØn\p \S]SnIfpw ssis m pw. Hcp hntzi k hiemime,v C ybnepw AhcpsS cmpyøpw km[pxbp Un{KnIƒ, C ybn ]Tn p C y hnzym niƒ pw e`yam p Xn\p XcØn N ßƒ cq]oicn pw. BtKmfh cwønt bpw KmSvknt bpw C sø kmlncyøn, hnzym`ymksø Hcp BtKmf I hsambmwv ImWp Xv. At mƒ hntziÿm]\ßfpss C y Iymw]kpIƒ, AXv ]cºcmkxambn F{X t]cpti Xmbmepw icn, Ahsb ]Wap m p hyhkmb ti{µßƒ, XßfpsS t]cns hneb\pkcn v hne \n Æbn p ÿm]\ßƒ, Bbn am{xta IW m m ] q. Ct mƒ Xs temiøns ]e `mkøpap t]cpti ÿm]\ßƒt]mepw XßfpsS \nehmcw XIcmXncn m s]sm msv s]spibmwv. \ΩptSXS w F m cmpyßfnepw D X hnzym`ymkcwkøv \ A[ym]IcpsS hºn IpdhmWv A\p`hs Sp Xv. ChnsS, KmSvkv \n t±ißfn ]d Xpt]mse, Db Iqen simspøv A Uan pisfshdptx \nban p XpsIm p am{xw Cu {]iv\ßƒ p ]cnlmcamiptam? XßfpsS ]T\]cn]mSnIfpambn _ s hnhn[ hißfntem, A[ym]I A\[ym]I Poh\ mcpss tkh\hyhÿifntem hnjb kzoicwøntem \ΩpsS cmpysø hnzym`ymkøns Bhiyß ƒ p ap KW\ simsp p Xntem Cu hntzi k IemimeIƒ XmXv]cyw ImWn ptam? C F p Xs {]Xo n Ww. cmpyøns Bhiyßƒ Ah p c maxmtb hcq. A hcpss {][m\e yw I hsw Xs bmbn cn pw. Ct mƒøs hym]iamb, hnzym`ymkøns kzimcyh cw DZmch c W \S]SnIƒ v CXv B w Iq pitb D q. ]pxnb Ip nbnse ]gb ho v BsIØpIbnepw Imºnepw Ct mgsø hnzym`ymk \bkao]\tcjbpw t\ctøbp mbn p kam\ ]cn{iaßfpw XΩn henb hyxymkßsfm pw ImWm\n AXv 1986se hnzym`ymk \bamis, biv]m IΩn n dnt m mis. hnzym nisf c pxc mcmbn ImWp Xnepw (kmºøniambn ]n m w \n p hcpw, D Xamb kmºøni ]n pwbp hcpw), km[mcw m v D XhnZym`ymkw \ntj[n p Xnepw, kzimcyh cwønepw, DtZymKÿ A[nImcßfpsS ti{µoicwønepw, FXn p hcpssbpw AwKoIcn møhcpssbpw kzcw ASn a Øp Xnepw H pw Xs ]gb \bßfn \n pw ]pxnb IcSv \bhpw hyxyÿamip n. H piqsn ISpØ ti{µoicwkao]\amwn Xn\p Xv. F m IqSpX A]ISIcambXv as m mwv. A]ISkqN\ BapJØn hfsc hy ambn ]d ncn p p: NcI, kp{ipx, Bcy`, `mkvicmnmcy, NmWIy, ]XRvPen, hm ymb XpSßn \nch[nbmb C y ]WvUnX, KWnXw, tpymxnimkv{xw, ssh Zyw, ikv{x{inb, Ie, DXv]mZ\ kmt Xn IhnZyIƒ, hmkvxpimkv{xw, I \n Ωm Whpw kap{zbm{xbpw, ImbnItaJe AS ap sshhn[yam tajeifn temisø hn m\tijcønte v \n ÆmbIamb kw`mh\iƒ \ Inbn p v. kzmx { ykacimeøv, tkmjte, dmw taml tdmbn, ]WvUn v az taml amfhy, Km npn F o t\xm ƒ, C ybnse P\ßƒ v ani hnzym`ymkw In p Xn\mbn {]h Øn p. ChnsS Cu ] ni hfsc {it bamip Xv C y P w \ Inb ap \nc imkv {X cmb PKZojvN{µ t_mkv, kn.hn.cma, tal\myv kml, Fkv.F.t_mkv, ]n.kn. tdmbn Aßs\ B[p\nIimkv{XØn\pw a\pjyhn m\øn\pw \nkvxpekw`mh \Iƒ \ Inb \nch[nbmbhcpss t]cpifpss A`mhw sim mwv. kzmx{ ykac Ime Øv hnzym`ymkhym]\ {]h Ø\w \SØnb XesbSp p \mep t]cpiƒ CXn ]dbp p. (kzmx{ ykacw dmwtaml tdmbnbpss ImeØv Bbncp n Xm\pw) ChcpsS kw`mh\iƒ hnkvacn pib. ]t ] nibn Cuiz N{µ hnzymkmk F, imkv{xob atxxc hnzym`ymkøn\mbn, ]et mgpw H bv p t]mepw, ASnbpd p \nesim G hpw kap X\mb hnzym`ymkhnn Ws\ kuicy]q w Hgnhm n. Cu Hgnhm epiƒsim v Dt±in p Xv Ffp Øn a\ nem mhp txbp q. ]n Wnbn \S p \o ßfmWv {][m \w. t\csø ]cma in Xpt]mse, tziob \bw cq]oicn p {]{Inb \S ptºmƒ Xs, B FkvFkv ]ckyambn {]Jym ]n ncp p, Ah AhcpsS ho Wßƒ ka n psa pw Ah \S m nsbsp psa pw. B FkvFkv A\p_ kwls\ifmis, sslµh Nn Iƒ ASnÿm\am n hnzym`ymkk{ºzmbw ASnapSn Agn p]wnbwsa pxs ]ckyambn Bhiys ncp p. C ybpss ]gbimealnabpss t]cp]d v ho pw ho pw B FkvFkv _nsp]n t\xm ƒ, XßfpsS lnµpxzhmzn AP UbpsS ImlfamWv Db Øp Xv. CXv hy ambpw B[p\nI imkv{xob hnzym`ymksø hntzinsb p ap{zipøn X n fbpibmwv. (]t k mcmis I hsøn\mbn hntzik IemimeIƒ v Nph p ]chxm\n hncn p p) Ch XnI pw Aimkv{Xobamb, ]n ncn \mb BibßfmWv imkv{x Øns t]cn kzoicn p Xv. kwkv IrXØn\mbp AhcpsS {]NmcWhpw, k Iemimem Icn peøn t]mepw KoXbpw cmambwhpw t]msebp {KŸßƒ Dƒs SpØWsa v hmzn p Xpw AhcpsS e yw hy am pibmwv. Cu ] møe Øn IcSv \bøn B[p\nI imkv{xob hnzym`ymkw HutZymKnIambn kºq Æambn XakvIcn s Sptºmƒ AXv `bm\iamb kqn\iƒxs bmwv kwibteiat\y \ Ip Xv. atxxc imkv{xob hnzym`ymksø Cßs\ Xpd Sn v C mxm p Xv, cmpysø kmaqly kmwkvimcni A co Øn ISpØ hn]cox^eßfmwv Dfhm pi. A amb hnt[ b Xzw, ]n ncn at\m `mhw, ax{`m v, F mxcønepap AklnjvWp XtbmSp IqSnb bp ncmlnxyw, F mw t{]m kmln n s Spw. atxxchpw imkv{xobhpamb hnzym`ymkøns hn\misa m, bp nnn, Poh {]iv\ßsf icnbmbn hnebncp Øm\p i n F nh ssitamiw hcni F mwv A w. Xs bpa, hcpwimeøv a\pjys Nn mtijnsb Xs \in n v, P\ßfpsS kmwkvimcni ss\xni \s pxs XI p Cu at\m`mhamwv cmpyøv ^mknkw \S m m klmbn pi. At mƒ P\ßƒ am\hhn`htijn hip nt\msv, hninjym _nsp]n k mcnt\msv Bhiys ts Xv, hnzym`ymkøns F m Xeßfnepw, A mzan v Icn peøn, kne_ kn, ]mt`mkßfnepw ]mt]pkvx Ißfnepw, ÿm]\ßfpss \SØn n Aßs\ F mønepw atxxc imkv{xob P\m[n]Xy at\m`mhw IWniambpw ]pe ØpIbpw i ns SpØpIbpw snøwsa mwv. GXp XcØnepap h obkao]\w Hgnhm Ww. Ncn{XØns hnieamb ho Ww, Aimkv{Xobamb ]n ncn Nn Iƒ XpSßnbhbv v hnzym`ymk\bw hgnsbmcp p Xv Hgnhm Ww. ASnÿm\ imkv{x am\hni hnjbßƒ, kmlnxyw F nh v axnbmb {]m[m\yw \ IWw. kviqƒ hnzym`ymkøns ASnÿm\w Xs tnmzyw snøp XcØnep, ]T\ Ønepw A[ym]\Ønepw D]cnπhamb {]mtbmknikao]\w As n "inipti{µoirx kao]\w' \n Ø Ww. At mƒ am{xta, \ΩpsS cmjv{s \n ΩmXm ƒ hn`mh\w snbvxxpt]mse, ka{kambn, a\pjys\ krjvsn p, kz`mhw \n Æbn p hnzym `ymkw kup\yambn t\snsbsp m\m Iq. Cs n Cu IcSv tcj, cmpysø atxxc imkv{xob B[p\nI hnzym `ymksø \in n Xn\p \mgni mbn am{xw \ne\n pw. am\hhn`htijn a{ mebw Cu hkvxpxiƒ IW nsesp pibpw, A na\bw cq]oicn p Xn\papºv axnbmb XncpØepIfpw t`zkxnifpw hcpøpibpw sntø Xp v. cmpysø P\ßfmIs, Cu ]dbp IcSv tziob hnzym`ymk \bw 2016 apt m phbv p B] kqn\isf pdn v Aht_m[w t\spibpw, hn\miicamb Cu \bw \S nem p Xns\Xnsc IcpØp hnzym`ymk {]t m`øn kzbw kwlsn v AWntNcpIbpw thww.

bqwn n HIvtSm_ 2016 sdbn th A]IS ]cºc: {]Xn q n k m Xs IdpIp nbn Xncph\ ]pcw awkem]pcw FIvkv{]kpw Icp\mK nbn Nc ph nbpw ]mfw sx n adn kw`hw sr temssbmwv ticf P\X I Xv. s]cpa Zpc Øn\v tijw Bf]mbap mipw hn[ap henb A]ISßƒ ticfønep mbn n. AXpsIm pxs s{sbn bm{x XmcXtay\ kpc nxbm{xbmwv F hnizmkønemwv P\ßƒ s{sbn \ns\ B{ibn phcp Xv. F m IptdImeambn \S p A]IS]cºcIƒ B hnizmk Ønt Icn\ng hogvønbncn p p. IdpIp n A]ISØn Xncph\ ]pcw awkem]pcw FIvkv{] ns 12 t_mknifmwv ]mfw sx nbxv. IdpIp n A] ISw \S v c mgvnbv p n BKÃv 28 \v FdWmIpfw Xr»q ]mxbn hn Is ØpIbp mbn. hn Ioams {i bn s] XpsIm pam{xamwv henb A]ISw HgnhmbXv. sim w amcntøm Øn ]mxncm {XnbnemWv Nc v h n ]mfwsx n adn Xv. ]mføn\v kao]w Xmakn ncp ]mhs a\pjycpss Poh\pIfmWv Xe \mcngbv v c s] Xv. s{sbn A]ISßƒ \nc cap miptºmgpw ti{µ k mcpw sdbn thbpw Ip Icamb \nkwkxbmwv XpScp Xv. ticf Øn c v sdbn th Unhnj \pifmwv D Xv. Xncph\ ]pcw Unhnj\pw amw q ]\ºq Unhnj\pw. 200 bm{xm s{sbn \pw 80 Nc ph nifpamwv ticføn \ntxy\ HmSp Xv. F m, C{Xbpw s{sbn\piƒ v A] IS clnxambn k cn phm \p ASnÿm\ kuicyßƒ Dd phcpøp Xn sdbn th A hyamb hogvnbmwv hcp Ønbncn p Xv. 1853 C y sdbn th t_mws_bn \n v Xms\ hsc Bcw `n ptºmƒ shdpw 52 In. ao. am{xambncp p BsI k mcw. F m C Xv 1,15000 Intemao Zqcambn h n ncn p p. t_mws_ apx Xms\ hsc k cn ptºmƒ BsI aq v tã j \pifmwv D mbncp sx n Ct mƒ tãj\pifpss FÆw 7112 BWv. e W n\v tim Sn cq]bpss BkvXnbp Hcp s]mxptajem ÿm]\ambn C y sdbn thsb am nsbsp p Xn henb ] v hln n p Xv Cu ÿm]\ønse e W n\v sxmgnemfnifpss A zm\ amwv. F m IpØIm\pIqe BtKmfh cw \bßƒ C y sdbn thsb \mtim pjam p Xn hnpbw hcn ncn p p. sxmæqdpifpss XpS Øn 17 e w sxmgnemfniƒ C y sdbn thbn D mbncp psh n C Xv 13 e ambn Ipd ncn p p. 4 e w Poh\ mcpss Ipdhv sdbn thbpss ASnÿm\ {]h Ø\ßsft mepw XIcmdnem nbncn p p F Xn kwiban. Xncph\ ]pcw Unhnj\n 1254 Poh\ mcpss IpdhmWp Xv. ]me msmhs 1037 Dw. c v Unhnj\pIfnepambn 59 temt m ss]e pamcpss IpdhmWp Xv. CXpaqew 24 awn q hsc s{sbn HmSn phm temt m ss]e pam \n n XamIp p. bm{x mcpss kpc nxxzhpambn temt m ss]e pamcpss am\knihpw imcocnihpamb BtcmKyw At`Zyambn _ s ncn pibmsw pt]mepw sdbn th ]cnk Wn p n. 8 awn q tpmensb AhImiw sdbn th Poh\ m v A{]m]yambns m ncn p p. ticføn ASn Sn D mbns m ncn p A] IS ]cºciƒ C mxmiwsa n sdbn th H maxmbn sntø Xv Hgnhp XkvXnIIfn DS \nba\w \SØpIsb XmWv. Xncph\ ]pcw sjm Wq ]mxbn am{xw amt ]mfßƒ 202 BWv. CXn ap txmfw ÿeßfn thkx ap Xv In tem ao dmbn Ipdbv phm\mwv sdbn th A[nIrX temt m ss]e pam v \ Inbncn p \n t±iw. IdpIp nbn A]ISap m nb ]mfw am phm F n\obdnwkv hn`mkw Unhnj A[nImcnItfmSv amkßƒ apºv Xs A\paXn txsnbncp Xm Wv. F m ]e ImcWßƒ ]d v A[nIrX A\paXn \ntj [n p. bm{x mcpss Poh\v F s nepw hne I n p ps n ]gb ]mfßƒ am n ]pxnb FsFUnsshHbpsS B`napJyØn sdbn th tãj am v ImelcWs sdbn mfßƒ bp ImemSnÿm\Øn am n ]pxnbh ÿm]n pi, Hgnhp XkvXnIIfn DS \nba\w \SØpI, sdbn th kzimcyh cn m\p ti{µk m \o w Ahkm\n n p I XpSßnb Bhiyßƒ D bn psim v FsFUnsshH hnhn[ Pn Ifn sdbn th tãj \piƒ p ap n {]t m`w kwlsn n p. Be pg sdbn th tãj\ntebv v \SØnb am v FkvbpknsF(kn) kwÿm\ IΩn nbwkw kjmhv Fkv.koXnem DZvLmS\w snbvxp. FsFUnsshH Pn m {]knu v F.B.APbIpam A y X hln tbmk Øn Pn m sk{i dn Sn. B.cmPntamƒ, FkvbpknsF (kn) Be pg Su tem IΩn n sk{i dn kjmhv Fw.F. _nµp, FsFUnsshH Pn m sshkv {]knu v kjmhv si. _na Pn F nh {]kwkn p. tim bw sdbn th tãj\ntebv v \SØnb am v FsF UnsshH kwÿm\ {]knu v kjmhv F.sI._nPp DZvLm S\w snbvxp. Pn m {]knu v kjmhv cpnxm Pbdmw A y X hln tbmkøn kwÿm\ sk{i dn kjmhv C. hn.{]imiv, FsFbpSnbpkn Pn m tpmbn v sk{i dn kjmhv F.Pn.APbIpam, FsFFwFkvFkv Pn m sk{i dn kjmhv BimcmPv XpSßnbh {]kwkn p. FsFUnsshH Pn m sk{i dn kjmhv A\ne t_mkv kzmk Xhpw kjmhv Sn.B cmtpjv \µnbpw tcjs SpØn. XpS v sdbn th tãj amt\p v \nthz\hpw ka n p. Beph sdbn thtãj\pap n kwlsn n bphp\{]xntj[w FsFUnsshH kwÿm\ sk{i dn kjmhv C.hn.{]Imiv DZvLmS\w snbvxp. Pn m{]kn U v kjmhv si.h.kp[o, Pn msk{i dn kjmhv si.]n. km hn F nh {]kwkn p. Nme psn bqwn ns B`napJyØn sk]vxw_ 24 \v Nme psn sdbn th tãj\pap ºn {]Xntj[ tbmkw kwl Sn n p. kwÿm\ sshkv {]kn U v Fw.{]Zo] tbmkw D Lm S\w snbvxp. Nme psn bqwn v {]knu v ]n.si.jn_p A y X hln tbmkøn Pn m {]knu v F.Fw.kptcjv {]kw Kn p. ]n.si.[ ΩP kzmk Xhpw si.hn.hnt\mzv \µnbpw ]d p. ]mfßƒ ÿm]n phm sdbn th A[nIrX XømdmIWw. cmpysø G hpw henb s]m Xp tajem ÿm]\amb C y sdbn th, ]ehn[ ]cnanxnifps nepw C pw P\a\ pifn tkh\øns amxribmwv. B ÿm\w C mxm ns m v kzimcyh cwamwv \ Xv F v P\ßsfs m v Nn n n phm\p am ßfmWv ti{µ k mcpiƒ Iptd meambn A \p h Øn p Xv. tamzn k m A[nImcØnseØn A[nIw Ignbpwapºv Xs {]Jym]n Xv sdbn th tãj\piƒ kzimcy apx emfnam v ssiamdpsa mwv. Ct mƒxs sdbn th tãj \pi fnse Sn v Iu dpiƒ v kam cambn kzimcyiº\niƒ v P\d Sn piƒ hn p hm \p AhImiw simspøncn p p. Sn v \nc piƒ ASn Sn h n n psim p sim bsnbpw kzimcyh cw AP bpss `mkamwv. cmp[m\n, P\iXm n, Xpct m FIvkv{]kv XpSßnb s{sbn\pifpss Sn v \nc n Ipd Xv 50 ixam\w h \hmwv D mbncn p Xv. sdbn _P v s]mxp_p n ebn n Wsa "\oxn BtbmKv' AwKw _nt_iv tz_v tdmbnbpss t\xrxzønep A wk hnzkv kanxn ip]m i ti{µa{ nk` AwKoIcn Xpw sdbn thbpss XI bv v B w Iq pw. 1924 {_n ojp Im Bcw`n sdbn th _P v 9 k{ºzmbw \n Øem p XneqsS sdbn thbv v C mea{xbpw D mbncp {]txyi ]Zhnbpw ]cn c Ifpw C mxmipw. cmpysø ]e s]mxptajem ÿm] \ ßfn H pam{xambn C y dbn th amdpw. ]m esa n N bv v t]m epw hbv msxbmwv Cu Xocp am\w tamzn a{ nk` ssis m sx XneqsS Cu k mcns P\m[n]Xy hncp apjamwv ho pw shfns Sp Xv. h jmh jap sdbn th _P v AhXcWØneqsS sdbn thbpss kzøns\ pdn pw AXns D]tbmKsØ kw_ n pap kq vaamb N Iƒ ]m esa n \S p Xn\v CShcpØnbncp p. AXn mxmip txmspiqsn sdbn thsb kzimcyh cn pi F ti{µ k mcns {]Jym]nX e yw \S m phm IqSpX km yxbmwv D mipi. Nc v KXmK Xhpw P\ßfpsS bm{xbpw Xmc Xtay\ Ipd Nnehn \SØphm km[n p Xv C y dbn th s]mxptajem ÿm] \ambxpsim pam{xamwv. P\ ßfpsS A zm\w sim v ]Sp Øpb Ønb C y dbn thsb kzimcy IpØIIƒ v XosdgpXphm\p GsXmcp \o hpw sndpøv txm n s S Ww. C y sdbn thsb kwc n phm ]mkt gvkv A tkm kn tbj\piƒ cq]oicn v _lp P\ßƒ {]t m`cwkøv AWn\nc Ww. A\ymbamb sdbn thnm v h \hns\xnsc FkvbpknsF (kn) ]m nbpss B`napJyØn Xncph\ ]pcøv \S {]Xntj[am n ]m n kwÿm\ sk{it dnb wkw kjmhv Pn.Fkv.]flIpamdpw IÆqcn \S {]Xntj[tbmKØn ]m n Pn m IΩn nbwkw tum.un.kptc{µ\mypw {]kwkn p p. FsFUnsshH Be pg, Nme psn, tim bw sdbn thtãj\pifntebv v \SØnb {]Xntj[am piƒ

10 bqwn n HIvtSm_ 2016 Imivao {]iv\w: (1 mw t]pn \n v) {]Xn\n[nIfpsS kωxan mø Hcp DSºSnbpw AwKoIcn m\m In F \n _ amb \ne ]msv C y Kh sa v kzoicn p. F m Imcyßƒ HØp Xo mip Xn\v apºpxs ]minÿm Ãm v Ãn Icmdnse hyhÿiƒ ewln pxpsßn. C \hpw a v Ahiykm [\ßfpw Dƒs ssbp hbpss hnxcww d±m n. ]minÿms `mkamb t\m Øv shtã t{^m nb t{]mhn kn \n v h txmxn BZnhmknIƒ PΩp Imivao kwÿm\tøbv v \pg pibdn. \pg pib Øn\v ]miv] mføns HØmibpap mbncp p. {]tziw ]minÿms A[o\Xbnem nsbsp pi F Xm ]cyamwv Cu \o Øn\v ]n n D mbncp Xv. ]miv \o sø {]Xntcm[n m \p ssk\nii n cmpm lcnknwkn\v D mbncp n. B kmlncyøn At±lw C y ] mføns klmbwtxsn. ssk\niklmbw \ Ip Xn\v apt msnbmbn AXn\mbp Hcp Icmdn G s ts Xps v C y Kh sa v Bhiys p. Aßs\bmWv C kv{ssa v Hm^v AIvskj\n H phbvt nh Xv. 1947 HIvtSm_ 26\v cmpm lcnknwkv Icmdn H ph p. PΩp Imivaocnse G hpw henb cmjv{sob ]m nbmbncp \mjw tim {^ kns bpw sjbv v aplωzv A_vZp bpssbpw ]q Æ ]n pw Cu \o Øn\v D mbncp p. C y ] mfw 1947 HIvtSm_ 27 \v Im iv aocn FØn. \pg pib msc ]nt m Sn p, bpf H CSs] p, shsn\n Ø {]Jym]n p. F m PΩp Imivaocnse Hcp henb `q{]tziw, X{ {][m\amb Pn PnXv Dƒs ss ]minÿms A[o\Xbnembn. Cu `q{] tziamwv ]miv A[o\ Imivao F v Adnbs Sp Xv. almcmpm lcnknwkns `c WØn\pw {_n ojv timbvabv psaxnsc \nch[n {]t m`ßƒ kzmx{ ye_v[n papºv Imivaocn \S ph ncp p. Cu {] t m`ßfneqssbmwv \mjw tim ^d kv PΩpImivaocnse P\ßfpsS hnizkvx cmjv{sob {]ÿm\ambn Db ph Xv. ap ow tim ^d kv F t] cn 1932 {]h Ø\w Bcw`n {]ÿm\w 1939 \mjw tim ^d kv F v ]p\ \maicww snøpibmbncp p. \mj W tim ^d kv axt`zan msx Imivaocnse apgph P\ ßfpsSbpw Xm ]cyapb Øn n Sn p {]ÿm\ambn amdn, sjbv v aplωzv A_vZp AhcpsS A\ntj[y\mb t\xmhpw. C y kzmx{ ykac{] ÿm \Øns `mkambncp n \mjw tim ^d kns t\xr XzØn \S {]t m`ßƒ. kz X{ tziobxm t_m[amwv Imivaocnse P\ßfn cq]s ph Xv. Cu Ncn{XbmYm yßƒ AwKoIcn psim mwv PΩp Imivaocn\v ]q Æ kzbw`cwmhimiw Dd m p B n nƒ axw cmjv{s cq]oicwøns ASnÿm\a 370 {]txyi hip mbn C y `cwls\bn tn ØXv. kjmhv IrjvW N{Ih Øn \SØnb {]kwkw kjm sf, Imivao {]iv\øn \ΩpsS ]m nbpss sse Fs v N snøphm\mwv \nßƒ Ft m Sv Bhiys ncn p Xv. Imivaocns C sø Ahÿ Gsd thz\micamsw Xpw ÿnxnk XnIƒ Znt\\ hjfmbns m ncn p p F Xpw \nßƒ ]{Xhm ØIfn \n pw a\ nem p p t m. \nxyhpw {]Xntj[ {]IS\ßƒ, {]Xntj[ m pt\sc kpc m `S amcpss shsnhbv]pw. 2010 Pq ]Xns\m n\v Hcp sndp mc kpc m` S amcpss shsnhbv]ns\øp S v acwas kw`hamwv CXns sb mw XpS w. XpS ntßm v F m Znhkßfnepw ct m aqt m t]sc nepw icmicn sim s SpIbpw IqSpX IqSpX BfpIƒ {]Xntj [m w sxcphn CdßpIbpw snbvxpsim ncn p p. P\mebn qsn {]Xntj[w ho n psim ncp Hcp kv{xokpc m `S mcpss shsntb v sim s ncn p p F Xv ÿnxnkxnifpss cq X t_m ys SpØp p. Ifn psim ncn tht]mepw Ip niƒ kpc m`s amcpss shsntb pibpw sim s Sp Ibpw snøp p. BwUv t^mgvkkv kvs]jy ]thgvkv BIvSv ( AFSPA) {] Imcw kpc m DtZymKÿ am v {]txyi A[nImcw \ Is ncn p p. {]txyi A[nImcw D]tbmKn v kpc m DtZymKÿ m v F pw snømw. Xo {hhmzn F ap{znm Øn B scbpw ]oun n mw, in n s t mw F Nn bn msx s] Ip nisf _emxv mcw snømw. AXncn mø A[nImcßƒ k m C q v \ Inbncn p p. GXpho nepw IS pibdmw, B Ip nisf X ns m pt]mimw, Bhiys Sp tamn\ {Zhyw simsp mø ] w sim pifbpibpamimw. CØcw [mcmfw kw`hßƒ \ntxy\ ]{XßfneqsS \mw hmbn p p. tjm nbm kw`hw ÿnxn KXnIfpsS KpcpXcmhÿ shfnhm p XmWv. ]ªnIv ssent^m _qøn t^m snøm t]mbxmwv ktlmzcnbpsamøv Hcp s] Ip n. Gdnbm Aca Wn qdn\iw As n Hcp awn qdn\p n Xncns tø nbncp p Ah. ]t awn qdpiƒ Gsd Ign n pw XncnsIsbØnbn. s] Ip nisf ImWmsX At\zjns Ønbh v Hcp Acphnbn \n v AhcpsS arxicocßfmwv Is Øm \mbxv. apßnacn XmWv F vv t]meokv ]d p. F m B Acphnbn apt mfwt]mepw sh ap mbncp n. kw`hn sxs m {Iqcambn _em Xv mcw snøs v sim s Xm Wh. arxtzlw Acphnbn Fdn pifbpibmwv D mbxv. Xmgvhcbv v Xo ]nsn Zn\ßfmbncp p XpS v. Pq apx Ctßm v Npcpßnb kabwsim v sndp mcpw kv{xoifpas w \q nccp]xntesd BfpIƒ sim s ncn p p F XneqsS F{X {] p_v[ambncp p kmlncyw F Xv Duln mhp txbp q. Pq apx HIvtSm _ hscbp Imebfhn\p n 515 t] v apdnth XmbmWv HutZymKnI IW v. F m bmym yw AXn\pwtasebmWv. (fact finding team to Kashmir, 2010) Imivao {]iv\w Dcp piqsnh Xv Fßs\? a\pjyxzclnxamb AXn{Iaßƒ kpc mtk\bpss `mk Øp\n v D mip Xv CXv BZya. 1989 apx \n nx CSthfIfn CXv Bh Øn s SpIbmWv. IÃUnbnseSp pitbm sim s SpItbm snøp h Xo{hhmZnItfm As n Xo{hhmZsØ t{]m mln n p htcm BWv F mwv tk\bpss `mjyw. Xo{hhmZ{]h Ø\ßfn G s Sp h A]q ambn D mimw. F m Xmgvhcbnse _lp`qcn] hpw Xo{hhmZØn \v FXncmWv F XmWv hmkvxhw. Xmgvhcbnse apgph Bfp Ifpw Xo{hhmZnItfm Xo{hhm ZsØ t{]m mln n p htcm BWv F Xv bmym yt_m[ ap Bcpw AwKoIcn n. ] mføns AXn{Iaßƒs Xnsc P\ßƒ Bbncßfmbn sxcphn AWn\nc p Xv Ghcpw I psim mwv Ccn p Xv. kmlncyßƒ apxsespøpsim v ]minÿm\n \n pw Xo{hhmZnIƒ Xmgvhcbn IS p IqSnbn p v F Xpw kxyamwv. t]meokv sntø Xv Ahsc Is ØpIbpw \S]SnsbSp p IbpamWv. F m snøp txm, \nc]cm[nifmb sndp msc, kv{xoifpw Ip nifpw AS w Xo{hhmZap{Z Nm Øn \njv cpww sim pifbp p. `cwm[n ImcnIfmIs ] mføns Cu \S]SnIsf t{]m mln n p p. Xo{hhmZnIfpsS snbvxnisf mƒ `cwiqsøns snbvxnifmwv P\PohnXw IqSpX Zp lam p Xv. _p npohnifpss CSbn am{xa, km[mcw mcpss CSbn t]mepw HcpXcw A\yXmt_m[w hf phcp p F Xm Wv Gsd Bi s SpØp Imcyw. F{Xi amwv P\ßfpsS hnimcw F Xv ASpØbnsS ]{X Øn h Hcp t^mt m hy am p p. At m Btdm hb p {]mbap sndpais ssibn ] mfsø Fdnbm Is SpØpsImSp p Hcp apø»nbptsxmbncp p B t^mt m. Hcp NphscgpØns t^mt mbpw ]{Xßƒ {]kn oicn ncp p. C y ] niƒ ]pdøpt]mip I F Xmbncp p B NphscgpØpIfn \mw hmbn Xv. ÿnxnkxniƒ AXnthKw ti{µk mcns bpw ssihn p t]m Ip p. k mcpw Bi bn Øs. ]t k m DØcw ]dtb Hcp Imcyap v. kzm`ojvs{]imcw C ytbmsv tn PΩphnsebpw Imivaocnsebpw P\ßƒ F psim v C{Xta sshcmky_p nbp hcmbn? ti{µk m CX:]cy w kzoicn pt]m \b\s]sn IfpsS A\ c^eamwv C sø Cu kmlncyw. Cu kw`hßfpssbpw kml NcyßfpsSbpw ] møeøn cmjv{sob]m nifn NnecpsSsb nepw `mkøp\n v Imivao C ybn \n pw th s]spø Ww F Bhiyw i ambncn pibmwv. sndp mcpss CSbnepw Cu BhiyØn\v kzm[o \tadn hcp p. sndp msc kw _ n v Cu hnimcw kzm`mhn Iw am{xamwv. ImcWw t]meokns bpw kpc m DtZymKÿcpsSbpw {IqcXIƒ am{xw I v hf ph Hcp XeapdbmWv AhcptSXv. \msf F mbncn pw kw`hn pi F DXv WvTtbmsSbmWv HmtcmcpØcpw Ddßm t]mip Xv. BcpsSsb nepw Hcp ktlmzc sim s t mw, BcpsSsb nepsamcp ktlmzcn _emxv mcøn\v Ccbmtb mw, kw`hn m ]msn møxv ]e Xpw kw`hnt mw. kzx{ ambn Pohn m ] p kam[m\ ]camb A co w Ah Hcn epw Z in n n. Cu kmlncyøn Imivaocns\ th s Sp ØpI, F txm cmjv{sßfpss kzbw \n ÆbmhImiw F txm A msx as mcp ]cnlmcam w ap nen F v Ah hnnmcn p Xn A pxan. sshimcniamb Hcp hnjbambn CXv amdnbncn p p. F m Cu Nn mkxn ]pxnbx. 1950IfpsS XpS wapx cq]wsim Hcp Nn mkxnbmwxv. sjbv v A_vZp bpssbpw \mj W tim ^d kns bpw ] v C y bqwnb\n tncm \p kωx]{xøn Imivao almcmpmhmbncp lcnknwkv H ph psh nepw AXv bmym y ambxv sjbviv aplωzv A_v Zp t\xrxzw \ Inbncp \mjw tim ^d kns ]q Æ ]n pw e`n txmssbmwv. \mjw tim ^d kv ap oßfpss ]m n Bbncp n A v, adn v lnµp fpw ap oßfpw kn pimcpw _p axhnizm kn Ifpw {InkvXpaXhnizmknIfpamb apgph Imivao P\ßfpsSbpw ]m nbmbncp p. 1947 se C y C Uns] kv BIvSv {]Imcw Imivaocnse P\ßƒ v ]minÿm\n tncpi, ]minÿm\ntem C ybntem tncmsx kzx{ ambn \n pi, C ytbmssm w \n pi F o km yxifn GsX nepw H v sxcs Sp phm\p Ahkcßƒ D mbncp p. F m C ytbmssm w tncphm\p Xocpam\ amwv Ah ssis m Xv. kzm `o jvs{]imcw Imivaocnse P\ßƒ C ytbmssm w \nesim t mƒ ti{µkh sa v ]q Æambpw B P\ßsf hnizm kønsesp pibpw kvt\l ]cn K W \Iƒ \ IpIbpw snøpsa m Wv {]Xo n s ncp Xv. A Yhm AXmWv sntø nbncp Xv. F m kw`hn Xv adn mwv. Hcp kwÿm\sa \nebn PΩp Imivao cq]s ph t mƒ, P\ßƒ v sxmgn Ahkcßƒ {]Zm\w snøphm DX Ipwhn[w hyhkmbßfpw hnzym `ymkÿm]\ßfpw Bip]{Xn Ifpw bqwnthgvkn nifpw axnbmb Afhn Bcw`nt nbncp p. F m Cu Znibn Imcyamb apt ßƒ D mbn. Imivao Xmgvhc AXns hiy `wkn v Gsd {]ikvxamwv. tem IØnseXs AXnat\mlcamb CSßfn H v. SpdnkØn\v hºn km ybp v. btyjvsw sxmgn Ahkcßƒ {]Zm\w snøpamdv Cu km yxiƒ D] tbmks SpØmt\m AXneqsS P\ßfpsS PohnX\nehmcw sa s SpØphmt\m D bmsxmcp \S]SnIfpw D mbn. Imivaocnse sndp m v hntijn pw ap ow bphm ƒ v dbn th, _m v, C jzd kv, ti{µ k m k okv XpSßnb taje Ifn \nba\imcyøn hnth N\w t\cnts Xmbn h p. Xmgvhcbnse sndp m F pw kwib ZrjvSntbmsS ho n s p. ti{µk mcns Cu \ne ]mspiƒaqew Imivaocn P\ßfpsS CSbn s]mxphnepw sndp mcpss CSbn {]txyin pw BgØnep thz\bpw AXr]v Xnbpw cq]s ph p. B n nƒ 370 A nadn s Sp p B n nƒ 370 s A Ø {ItaW tnm Øn fbp \S]SnIfmbncp p IqSpX KpcpXcamb kwkxn. 370 mw hip v `cwls\bn Dƒs Sp ØnbXv Imivaocns khntijamb Ncn{X] møew ]cnkwn mwv. {_n ojv km{ampy Xzhpambn ssitim ØpsIm v Actßdnb P nøhmgvns Xnsc \S kzmx{ y {]t m` Øn Imiv ao P\X X\Xv khntijxifp Hcp kzx{ tziobxbmbmwv Db ph Xv. AXpsIm mwv B n nƒ 370 {]Imcw Imivao P\Xbv v kzbw`cwm[nimcw Dd m s Xpw P\ßƒ v XßfpsS `mkt[bw kz w A`o jvsøn\pw BhiyIXIƒ pw A\pkcn v Xocpam\n m\p Ahkcw \ Is Xpw. {]Xntcm[w, hntziimcyw, IΩyqWnt j kv, Id kn XpSßn ti{µk mcn \n n]vxamb hip piƒ HgnsIbp F m Imcyßfnepw B n nƒ 370 Imivaocn\vv kºq Æ kzbw `cww \ Is p. PΩp Imivao `cwls\ {]Imcw kwÿm\øns {][m \a{ nsbbpw kwÿm\`cwøeh\mb kz C dnbmkøns\bpw t\cn v sxcs Sp phm\p A[nImchpw P\ßƒ v \ In. a v kwkvym\ßfn Kh Æsd ti{µk m \nban pibmwt m snøp Xv. B n nƒ 370 sh w tn m\p ti{µk mcns \o ßfn Imivao P\XbpsS bym {]Xn\n[nbmb sjbviv aplωzv A_vZp hntbmpn v {]ISn n ncp p. Imivao C ytbmssm w tn Xn sjbv v aplωzv A_vZp bpss ] v \n ÆmbIambncp p. At±lØns (tijw 11 mw t]pn )

bqwn n HIvtSm_ 2016 Imivao {]iv\w: (10 mw t]pn \n v) A{`n]mbw AwKoIcn v B n nƒ 370 {]Imcap \S]SnIƒ kzoicn p Xn\pw AXns bym kmcmwiw AwKoIcn p Xn\pw ]Icw At±lsØ ]minÿm GP mbn ap{zbsn pibmwv D mbxv. Imivaocnse P\ßƒ v C v sjbv v aplωzv A_vZp sb pdn p A`n{]mbhyXymkßƒ F pxs bmbmepw A v At±lambncp p AhcpsS G hpw hnizkvx\pw kamzcwob\pamb t\xmhv. F m ti{µk m \SØnb Bkq{XnXamb \o ßfneqsS \mjw tim ^d kns\ ]nf Øn. `mkymt\zjn Ifmb Hcp \nct\xm amsc hiøm m CXneqsS km[n p. HSphn sjbv v aplωzv A_vZp sb ÿm\{`jvs \m n _ n Kpemw aplωzns\ PΩp Imivaocns {][m\a{ nbmbn Ahtcm[n p. lnµp tzi{`m am \mjw tim ^d kn\v AIØpw ]pdøpw \S Ønb Ip{]NmcWßfpsS ^eambn {][m \a{ n s\lvdp sjbv v aplωzv A_v Zp sb AdÃp snbvxv PbneneSbv m \p A\paXn \ In. At±lØns BflIY ^vsfbnwkv Hm^v Nn\mdpw tim Ãn yph v Akwªnbn At±lw \SØnb {]kwkßfpw A mesø a v tcjifpw ]cntim[n m sjbviv apl ΩZv A_vZp bpss ta NpaØs Btcm]Wßƒ F{X s]m bmbncp p F v t_m ys Spw. ]e L ßfnembn \o Ccp]Xp h j mew At±lw XShnem s p. Imivaocnse P\ßfpsS G hpw ]qpy\ob\mb t\xmhn\p t\scbp mb Cu \o ßƒ P\ßfpsS hnimcsø apdns SpØm am{xta D]Icn p q. B n nƒ 370 {]Imcw Imivaocn\v Dd m s kzbw`cw ]Zhn kwc n phm \S ph {]t m`øn\v 1974 C µncmkm nbpw sjbv v aplωzv A_vZp bpw XΩnep m nb IcmtdmsS henb Xncn Sn t\cn p. 1975 s^{_phcnbn, k bnzv an Imknan\v ]Icw e`n pambncp apjya{ n]zøn\pth n, XßfpsS G hpw hnizkvx\mb t\xmhv C y Kh sa pambn Hcp Icmdnte s SpIsb Xv Imivaocnse P\ßƒ v kz]v\øn t mepw hnizkn m\mipambncp n. sjbv v aplωzv A_vZp bv pth n an km A^vk s_kv H ph Icm bym Øn sjbv v aplωzns\ kw_ n n S tømfw, F n\pth nbmtwm At±lw \o Ccp]Xph j mew Pbnen In S v \cin Xv, F p]zhnbmtwm A t±lw C mea{xbpw ]pe Ønt m Xv AXn \ns map ]Snbnd ambncp p. Imivaocnse _p npohniƒ Imivao {]iv\sø amdnb ho WtImWneqsS t\m n mwphm Cu k n CSbm n. am{xa, sjbv v A_vZp bpss IpSpw _hmgvnbv v \mµnipdn p kw`hambpw CXv amdn. P\m[n]Xy]chpw kam [m\]chpambn apt dnbncp Hcp {] t m`w {ItaW B{IatWm pihpw kz`mhøn h obhpambn ]cnwan p. HSphn `cwiqsøns\xncmb kwlsnx kmbp[ {]t m`ambn AXv amdn. almcmpmhns `cwøns\xnsc Db p h {]t m`wøneqss DZbwsIm Imivao tziobxbpss ]ndhnbnepw AXns hf bnepw sjbv v A_vZp hln \n ÆmbIamb ] v \ap v hnkvacn mhx. BZyw almcmpmhns Iognepw XpS v ti{µk mcns Iognepw At±lØn\v t\cnts nh n p hnnmcwifnepw ]co Wßfnepw 1974 75 Imebfhnse kw`hhnimkßƒ Icn\ng hogvøn. c p hyxykvx tziobxifpss eb hn pt]miepw {]txyi cmjv{s cq]oicwhpw ]cnlmca \hpw kwtbmp\hpw \S p AXoh {]bm kicamb Ncn{X{]{Inb IqSpX Bg Øn \mw a\ nemt Xp v. X \Xv khntijxitfmssbpw tziobt_m[ tømssbpw kzx{ ambn hnikn phcp Hcp P\hn`mKsØ as mcp cmpytøm Sv Ir{Xnaamtbm _e{]tbmkøneqsstbm tn pi km ya. PΩp Imivaocns ImcyØn kw`hn Xv AXmWv. kmº ØnIhpw kmwkvimcnihpw hnzym`ymk] chpw cmjv{sobhpw kmaqlyhpambn Pohn XØns kakvx tajeifnepw Ccpcm Pyßfnsebpw P\ßƒXΩn CS]gIphm\p kz`mhnihpw klphpamb Ahkcßƒ krjvsn s SWw. XnI pw P\m [n]xy]chpw atxxchpamb A co Ønte CXv \S q. F m Imivaocns ImcyØn Cu kzm`mhni{]{inb, ti{µk mcns kao ]\ sshieyhpw\b\s]snifpw \nanøw XpS wapx Øs XS s ncp p. B n nƒ 370 se hip pisf C y am \n psim v eb\øns {]{Inb kzm`mhniambn ]ptcmkan m th kmlncyamwv Hcpt nbncp Xv. F m AX kw`hn Xv. Imivaocns {][m\a{ n F ]Zhn apjya{ n F XmbnNpcpßn. kz C dnbmkxv F, sxcs Sp s ncp kwÿm\`cwøehs ]Zhn tihew ti{µøns t\man\nbmb Kh Æ F \nebntebv vv XcwXmgvØs p. Cu \o ßsf mw C y Kh sa ns Dt±iip nsb pdn v P\ßfpsS a\ n kwibw hnxdn. H n\p]n mse H mbn Ahtcm[nXamb ]mhkh sa pifneqss P\ßƒ v Cu kwibw _es p. kz w k mcns\ sxcs Sp p hm \p AhImihpw P\m[n]Xy Ah Imi ßfpw Hcp P\Xbv v Zo LImetØbv v \ntj[n phm km[n n. CØcw AhImißƒ Imivaocnse P\ßƒ v Zo LImew \ntj[n s XneqsS Dudn qsnb AXr]vXn 1987 ap ow bpssw Uv {^ v(muf)t]msebp kwls\ IfpsS cq]oicwwhscbpw FØn. Fwbp F^v C sø lpdnbøn s F m ap ow {Kq pifpssbpw Hcp kwbp am Wv. CXmZyambmWv C y `cwls\ bpss ]cn[n p n \n psim v ap ow kwls\iƒ sxcs Sp ns\ ap n v Hcp ap Wn cq]oicn p Xv. sxcs Sp n Ah A[nImcØn hcnibpw snøpambncp p. F m ti{µk m \SØnb hym]iamb sxcs Sp v Ir{XnaßfneqsS Cu {]Xo Iƒ A nadn s p, ho pw Hcp ]mhkhs v P\ßƒ pta Ahtcm[nXambn. CXns A\ c^esa hæw sndp mcpw ap ow _p npohnifpw ASßp Hcp hn`mkw kmbp[t]mcm Øntebv v \nßn. Xmgvhcbnse ap ow axauen IhmZnIƒ pw AXn Øn pdøp\n p Xo{hhmZnIƒ pw CSs]Sm CXv Ahkcsamcp n. ti{µk m kzoicn {]Xym{IaW \S]SnIƒ Xmgvhcbnse km[mcwp\ßfpss Poh FSp pibpw Ah v \nch[n bmx\iƒ kωm\n p Ibpw snbvxp. ÿnxnkxniƒ IqSpX k o Æambn. GXm\pw Iivaocn ]fin piƒ simesnøs kw`hw B hn`mkw P\ßfnep m nb `bm co amis A[nImcnIfpsS ]nsn ptispaqew IpSqX hjfmbn. P\ßfn \s mcp ] pw Iivao hn v C ybpss a v {]tzißfn IpSntbdn. Aßs\ P\ßƒ nsbn Hcp h ob tncnxncnhv Ir{Xnaambn krjvsn s p. A]q w Nne \n mc {]iv\ßƒ am n\n Ønbm P nø ImeØpw henb h ob Iem]ßƒ Imivaocn D mbn n. s]mxphn Imivaocnse P\ßƒ kam[m\{]nbcpw 11 BXnYyacymZbp hcpamwv. Ct mgpw AXn\v am w h n n. C pw \mw Imivaocnse GsX nepw Hcp hosv kµ in m \nsbmbm Hcp IpSpw_mwKsØt mse IcpXn Ah \sω ]cnncn pw. Imivaocn P\XbpsS tziob t_m[øn\pw A n\pw t\sc \nc cambn \S p AXn{Iaßƒ Ahcn sshcmky_p n hf Ønbncn p p, Nnesc nepw Imivao C ybn \n v hn pt]mip XmWv ]cnlmcw F \nka\øn FØnt ncn p p. Imivaocnse P\ßƒ kam[m\{]nbcmwv F Xpt]mseXs kmapzmbni kulm ±hpw ]pe Ønt m hcmwv. Cu {]txyix\nanøamwv, ap ow `qcn] {]tziambncp n pw Imivao ap ow cmjv{sw F dnbs ncp ]minÿmt\mssm w tncmsx atxxc cmjv{sw F v `c WLS\bneqsS {]Jym]\w \SØnb C ytbmssm w \nesim phm Xocpam \n Xv. AXpsIm v Cu kmlncyøn cmpyøns P\m[n]Xy atxxc A co w IepjnXambm P\ßƒ Bi m IpecmIpI F Xv kzm`mhniw am{xamwv. kzmx{ ym\ cw C ybn h ob Iem]ßƒ \nc c kw`hambnamdn. _m_vdn akvpnzv kw`hsøøps pw tkm{[ hwiob Iem]Øns kabøpw _nsp]nbpssbpw kwl]cnhmci nifpssbpw ap ssibn Bkq{XnXambpw hym]iambpw Cf nhnss h ob {`m v, ax\yq\] hn`mkßfn s]mxphnepw ap nw axhnizmknifn {]txy In pw bym Øn Bi bpw `oxnbpw krjvsn p. CµncmKm nbpss h[søøp S v Actßdnb kn v hncp Iem] ØneqsS CXn\IwXs ax\yq\] ßfn `bmi Iƒ hnxds pign ncp p. A[nImcØnencp tim {Kkv k mcmis lnµp ax{`m amcpss Cu \o ßsf XS n F pam{xa t{]m mln n piiqsn snbvxp. Cu \S]SnIƒ Ccp{]tZißfnsebpw P\ßƒ nsbnse hn hepxmim CSsbmcp n. sx mb ti{µ\bßƒ tim {K v k mcmbmepw _nsp]n k mcmbmepw XpS wapx CXphsc kzoicn ph \b\s]sniƒ A]ISIcamwhn[w A_ PSneambncp p. _e {]tbmkøneqss tziobxisf kwtbmpn n m\mhn F Xv Ncn{XØn CXn\ IwsXfnbn s pign bmym yam Wv. kwlsnxhpwkmbp[hpamb {]Xn{] h Ø\ßƒ v am{xta CXv CShcpØq. P\m[n]Xyhncp hpw A[oiat\m`mhtØmSpIqSnbXpamb C y k mcns kao]\ßƒ XnI pw sx mwv F Xv ]p\cmh Øn sxfnbn s pign Xm Wv. C y apjy[mctbmsv CgpInt pt]mti p Xn\v ]Icw Cu \bßƒ Imivaocn P\Xbn Ac nxmhÿbpw A\yXmt_m[hpamWv krjvsn Xv. C v _nsp]n F Xpt]mse XpS wapx P\kwLhpw B n nƒ 370s\ FXn Øpt]m ncp p. hip v d±m Ww F Xmbncp p AhcpsS Bhiyw. Aßs\ P\m[n]Xyhncp ambpw, tziobxifpss XpeyX F XØzsØ \ncmicn pw _e{]tbmkøneqss Iivaocns\ C ytbmsv tn pibmbncp p. tim {K m Is, Imivaocn\v {]txyim[nimcw \ Ip B n nƒ 370 d±m Ww F v ]ckyambn A`n{]mbs n n F n t mepw hip nse \n t±ißsf \ncmicn pi F h \m]camb \ne]msmwv ^e Øn kzoicn pt]m Xv. kn]nsf, kn]nsf(fw) I nifmis, CSbv pw ap n\pw Imivao hnjbw D bn psa nepw ]m esa n\v AIØpw ]pdøpw axnbmb i n kamlcn v, PΩpImivaocnse P\ßƒs Xncmb ti{µk m \S]SnIƒs Xnsc i amb {]t m`w tzihym]iambn hf ØnsbSp m th ]cn{iaßƒ \S Ønbn. ^eøn Cu I nifpw XßfpsS au\wsim v Cu \bßƒ v A\paXn \ IpIbmWv snbvxncn p Xv. a pnne \o ßfpw kam cambn \S p p v. Hcp hn`mkw PΩpImivaocns ]q ÆkzmX{ yw F Bhiyw D bn p p, a v Nnehn`mKßƒ BIs, Imivao ]minÿms\m w tncww F v Bhiys Sp p. tim {K pw _nsp]nbpw t\xrxzw \ Int m ti{µk mcpifpss P\ hncp \bßfneqssbpw AXnep]cn ] mføns {Iqcamb AXn{IaßfpsS ^eambpw krjvsn s izmkw ap n p Cu A co w, kzmx{ Imivao F BhiyØn\v A\pIqeamb Nn mkxn i am n. NnecmIs km{ampyxz A[n \nthiimesø ASn a Øent\mSv \nehnep kmlncysø Xpe\s SpØp Ibpw hn`p\w F BhiysØ \ymbo Icn pibpw snøp p. AXnk o Æamb C sø kmlncyøn Imivao {]iv\øn\v icnbmb Hcp ]cnlmcam w ImWpI F Xv {]bmktadnb ImcyamWv F Xn X an. F{X _p napt dnbxmsw nepw icnbmb ]cnlmcam w Is Øntb axnbmiq. ]cnlmcw icntbm F v Fßs\ hnebncpøpw? ]cnlmcam w icntbm F dnbphm sxmgnemfnifpw km[mcw mcpw NqjWa\p`hn p hcpamb P\ßƒ hnπhøn\pw ]ptcmkxn pwth n \S Øp {]t m`ßƒ pta CXv krjvsn p {]XymLmXw ]cntim[n m axn. AXmbXv Cu P\hn`mKßƒ nsbn hn ep m pib adn v NqjWw A\p`hn p P\hn`mKßfpsS sfiyw i ns SpØpIbpw AXneqsS B tziobxifpss tamn\øn\pw ]ptcm KXn pambp t]mcm ßsf i ns Sp ØpIbpw snøww. sxmgnemfnifpw NqjWa\p`hn p a v P\hn`mKßfpw ti{µk mcns P\ hncp \bßƒs Xnsc, P\ßƒ pta A\ph Øn s Sp {IqcXIƒs Xnsc i amb {]t m`ww ]SpØpb tø Xp v. Poh _ensim SpØpsIm pw ITn\amb sshxcwnisf t\cn psim pw Imivaocnse P\ßƒ Cu t]mcm w \SØns m ncn pibmwv. ti{µk mcns P\hncp \bßƒ pw kao]\ßƒ pw FXnsc i amb {]t m`ww cmpysaºmspap ]ptcmka\ P\m[n]XyhnizmknIfpsS ap ssibn Db phtc Xp v. Cu Znibn Imcyamb \o ßƒ D mbn n F Xv \mw AwKoIcnt nbncn p p. CXc`m Kßfnep P\ßsf kw_ n nstømfw Imivao kzta[bm C y bqwnb\n tn psh nepw P\ßfpsS am\ kniamb DƒtNc n{]km ya F bmym yw a\ nem nbn pan. Hcp bym kwtbmp\øn\p {]{Inb cq]s ts nbncp p. Cu {]{InbbmIs _e{]tbmkøneqssb, adn v Ah[m \XtbmsS sntø XmWv. {]Yaambpw B P\Xsb hnizmkønsespt Xp.v kzx{ ambn CS]gIm\p Ahkcßƒ krjvsn s SWw. t{]cwbpw kvt\l ]q amb CS]gIepIfpw thww. bym P\m[n]Xy atxxc A co w \ne\n p Hcp kmlncyønte CXv km yhpamiq. C ybn FhnsSbpapff P\ßƒ Cu bmym yßƒ a\ nemt Xp v. (tijw 12 mw t]pn )

12 bqwn n HIvtSm_ 2016 Imivao {]iv\w: (11 mw t]pn \n v) kzx{ Imivao F Bibw ]cntim[n m, cmpyßfpss kzbw \n ÆbmhImiw AYhm ]ncn pt]mi F Xv Hcp s]mxpxxzw F \nebn IΩyqWnÃpIfpw ]n pwbv p BibamWv. F m F mbvt mgpw AXv icnbmb ]cnlmcam w Bbncn Ww F n. kzx{ ambn \n m B{Kln p {]tzisø sxmgnemfnifpw NqjWa\p `hn p CXc P\hn`mKßfpw XΩnepw, kzx{ amip cmpysøbpw ]ncn pt]mcp cmpysøbpw sxmgnemfnifpw NqjWa\p`hn p P\hn`mKßfpw XΩnepap sfiyhpambn qsn CXv _ s ncn p p. F pam{xhpa, hn` P\w temisxmgnemfnh hntamn\ t]mcm hpambpw _ s ncn p p, AXmbXv temihnπhhpambpw _ s ncn p p F p Npcp w. \ymbambpw ASn a Øs Sp cmpysø sxmgnemfnh hpw ASn a Øp cmpysø sxmgnemfnh hpw XΩnep _ Øn\pw sfiyøn\pw Fs nepw Du\w D mti Xn. AXpsIm pxs apdns SpØs hnimcßsf ASnÿm \am n ssis mt Xocpam\ßf Chsbm pw. ] ]mxclnxambpw Ncn {XhnImk{]{Inbbv v \nc pwhn[hpw thww \mw ]cnlmcam ßƒ Bcmtb Xv. B[p\nIcmjv{Sw cq]s Sp Xv Fßs\? Ncn{Xw ]cntim[n m Hcp ImeØv tziob cmjv{sßƒ D mbncp n F v ImWmw. kaqløns bpw kmaqly D ]mz\øns bpw hnimkøns Hcp \n nx L ØnemWv tziob cmjv{sßƒ DSseSpØXv. apxemfnøøns Db tbmss _q jzm P\m[n]XyhnπhØns hf pw hnimktømspsam amwv Ah \nehn h Xv. P nø kaqlønse F m hnti{µoirx Itºmfßsfbpw Hcp ti{µoirx tziob ItºmfØnte v tbmpn n pibpw AXns\ ASnÿm\am n Hcp B[p\nI ti{µoirx tziob cmjv {Sw cq]s SpØpIbpw snbvxpsim mw apxemfnøw hnikn Xvv. apxemfnøw AXns {]mcw`l Øn hfcp, hnikn p Hcp hyhÿbmbncp p. AXv \nc camb hyhkmbh cwøns hgn Xpd p, imkv{x kmt XnI hnzyifpss hnimksø t{]m kmln n p, hnzym`ymksø axøns \nb{ W Øn \n pw ax]camb CSs]SepIfn \n pw tamnn n p. apxemfnøøns hf bpss L Øn {]Xnk n D mbncp n, IpØIIƒ D mbncp n. AXn\m sndpins aqe[øn\pta IpØIaqe[\Øns ta[mhnxzhpw C mbncp p. CXmWv sebvsk s^b kºzv hyhÿbpss (kzx{ a kcøns ) Imew. GIoIrXhpw ti{µoirxhpamb Hcp Itºmfw ÿm]ns Sp m\p Xzcbm apxemfnh w P nø ImeØv \ne \n ncp F møcw k pnnxxzßƒ pw hn`mkob {]mtzini hnimcßƒ pw, hnls\ {]hwxiƒ pw FXnsc t]mcmsn. kaqlsø P\m[n]Xyh cn p. kaxzw, kzmx{ yw, kmtlmzcyw F XßfpsS ap{zmhmiyw Cu L Øn apxemfn h Øn\v Bhpwas ms \S nem m Ign p, Ncn{X]cambn km[yambnstømfw. tziob cmjv{s cq]oicw Øn\mbn P\XIfpsS kweb\w, kzx { ambn, kzta[bm Gsd psd ]q Æambn \S m G hpw A\pIqeamb Hcp kmlncyamwv CsX mw tn v Hcp nbxv. F m, Ccp]Xmw \q m ns XpS tømss se\n Nq n m nbxpt]mse apxemfnøw AXns ]ctam 370 mw hip v Dƒs SpØnbXv {]txyi Ncn{X] møeøn XL amb km{ampyxzøn FØnbt mƒ AXn\v ]pe Ønt m ]ptcmka\kz`mhw \jvsambn. Cu L Øn apxemfnøw IpØI aqe[\øn\v P w \ In, {]Xnk nbnte v {]thin p. hnimkøns ]ctam XL w F Xns A w, XpS hnimkøn\v km[y XtbXpan mø L w F mw.v bym Øn A]Nbw Bcw`n p _nµphm WXv. apxemfnøw acwmk hpw Po ÆhpamIp L w. kzm`mhniambpw AXv C mxmiww. ]t {]IrXnbnepw kaqlønepw Hcp hyhÿ \njv{ian p Xv AXns DZcØn hfcp ]pxnsbmcp hyhÿ v P w \ Ins m mwv. AXpsIm vxs se\n AXns\ km{ampy XzØns bpw acwmk apxemfnøøns bpw bpkw F pam{xa hnfn Xv. A txmssm w Xs sxmgnemfnh hnπh Øns bpw bpkamwnsx v At±lw hy am n. Cu bpkøn km tziobambn apxemfnh w ]n ncn \mbn amdnbncn p p. ]t tziob hntamn\ kacw AYhm _q jzm P\m[n]Xyhnπhw Bcw`w Ipdn ncn p timf\nifnepw A timf\nifnepw km{ampyxz `cw Øn\pw {]mtzini P nøøn\psaxnscbp t]mcm Øns ImcyØn apxemfnh w kmt] niamb Hcp ]ptcmka\ ] v C\nbpw hln p p v. ]t, km{ampyxzøn\pw P nøøn\psaxnsc AXns {]mcw`l Øn \SØnbXp t]mep Hcp hn phogvnbn mø kaca, Cu L Øn AXv \SØp Xv. A[n Imcw ]nsns Sp p Xn\v apºv, ]gb P n Ø {IaØns hnπhicamb ]cnh Ø \Øn\pw kaqløns ]q Æamb P\m [n]xyh cwøn\pw Ahiyw th p kmwkvimcni hnπhøns simsn qd Bk amb sxmgnemfnh hnπhsø pdn p `b msv aqew apxemfnh w hens dn p, tziob apxemfnh Øns t\xrxz Øn kzmx{ ykacw \S an timf \nifnepw kw`hn Xpt]mse \ΩpsS cmpyøpw AXv P nøhpambn k nsnbvxp. ^etam, `cwls\bn Nne Hu] NmcnI P\m[n]Xy AhImißƒ hyhÿ snbvxn ps nepw PmXobX, h obx, {]mtzinihmzw XpSßn F m hnls\ {]hwxifpw apjymwiøn kmaqlynn bn \ne\n pibmwv. Aßns\ tziobxiƒ Hcp cmjv{sambn ebn p tncm A\ptbmPyamb kmlncysamcp p Xn AXv ]cmpbs p. kºq Æamb, kzta[bm Dff eb\w Akm[yambn. P nø BNmcßƒ pw ioeßƒ pw A\pjvTm\ßƒ pw Nn mcoxniƒ pw FXnsc AXns Db bpss L Øn \SØnbXpt]mep Poh cw kacw \SØm Cu L Øn `cwapxemfnh w `bs Sp p. kzm`mhniambpw km{ampyxzøns bpw sxmgnemfnh hnπhøns bpw bpkøn IpØIIfpsS ta[mhnxzhpw tziob a ± \hpw \nbaambn h Øn ptºmƒ hyxykvx `mjifpw kwkvimchpap \nch[n tziobxiƒ tbmpn v Hcp cmpyambn amdm\pw Hcp tziob cmjv{sw ÿm]n m\pw {ian ptºmƒ P\XIfpsS kzx{ amb, ]q Æamb eb\w km[yamhn. \ΩpsS cmpyøn DZmlcWw ]cntim[n mw. ChnsS Cu {]{Inb hy ambn shfnhm s Sp p v. \ΩpsS cmpyøv AXnhnimeamb Hcp `q{]tziøv {_o ojpim AhcpsS `cww G s SpØn. BkmanIƒ, awn qcniƒ, _wkmfniƒ, _nlmdniƒ, admøniƒ, cmpÿm\niƒ, KpPdmØnIƒ, ] m_n Iƒ, Xang, aebmfniƒ, I UnKIƒ, sxep XpSßn {_n ojv `cwøn Iognembncp \nch[n tziobxiƒ v Hcp efnxamb kxyw a\ nembn. thdn v \n v t]mcmsns m v Ahcn H n\pw i amb {_n ojv km{ampyxz `cwsø txm n v kzmx{ yw t\sn Hcp thdn tziob cmjv{sw cq]oicn m Ignbn. AXn\m {_n ojv km{ampyxzøn\pw {]mtzini P nøøn\pw FXnsc tbmpn tziob kacøn\p Hcp s]mxp {] t m`thzn Ah si n SpØp, C y \mjw tim {Kkv. ChnsS IqSpX BgØnep Hcp Imcyw \Ωƒ a\ n em Ww. {_n ojv `cwøn Bbncp Cu tziobxiƒ F mw ]ckv]cw CSIe p. {_n ojv `cwm[nimcniƒ hnikn n hnzym`ymk k{ºzmbøns bpw s]mxphmb kmºøni PohnXØns bpw ASnÿm\Øn s]mxphmb hnimcßfpw Nn mkxnifpw kwkvimchpw hnikn ph p. Cu Imcyßƒ ta ]d tziob XIƒ nsbn {ItaWsb nepw \n nxambn Hcp s]mxptziob hnimcøn\v P w \ In. CXv kzmx{ ykacw hf txmss IqSpX i ns p. ]t \ΩpsS kzmx{ ykacøns hn phogvnmat\m`mhap _q jzm t\xrxzw sxmgnemfnh hnπhsø pdn p AhcpsS `b mspaqew P nøkaqlønse Po Æamb hnls\{]hwxiƒs Xnsc kmwkvimcni hnπhw \SØmXncp Xn \m Cu tziob hnimcøn\v ]q Æamb Hcp tziob kz`mhw ssih n. apxemfnh w kacw \SØnbXv hnimeamb C y am v ssi em pi F GI e ytømss, apjyambpw cmjv{sob kzmx{ yw t\snsbsp p Xn\v th nbmbncp p. Cu {]Xn`mksØ hniie\w snbvxpsim v \ΩpsS A cn t\xmhpw Kpcphpw am Z inbpw Cu bpkønse Hcp kap X am IvknÃv Nn I\pamb k.in_vzmkv tlmjv Nq n m n: kmºøniambpw cmjv{sobambpw Hcp cmjv{samsb nepw \Ωƒ PmXn, kapzmb, tziobx, `mjm {Kq pifmbn `n n ncn p IbmWv. apxemfnø {]Xnk nbpss \ngen \S C y cmjv{scq]oicww c maxmbn, Cu kabamiptºmtg pw IpØIIfpsS hf aqew kzx { a kcøns Imew Ign p t]mbncp p. C sø apxemfnøøn sndp InS aqe[\øn\v apifn IpØIbmWv `cn p Xv. kzmx{ yøn\v ap ]pxs \ΩpsS cmpyøv IpØI {]hwx hnikn ncp p. kzmx{ yøn\v tijw CXv IqSpX i ns SpIbpw ZrVnIcn s SpIbpw snbvxp. AXn\m Nne tziob XIfnse apxemfnh Øn IpØI IpSpw_ßƒ hnikn p. k.in_vzmkv tlmjv Nq n mwn p, C y apxemfnh w P saspøxpxs {]Xnk nbpss \ngenemwv. Htcm Zn\w Ignbpw txmdpw Cu \ng IqSpX hfcpibmwv, CcpfpIbmWv. kzm`mhniambpw kºzvhyhkvybpss apjy{]hwxbmbn IpØI hnikns nepw sndpinsaqe[\øns ] v C mxmbn ; ImcWw {]Xnk n {KkvXamb Cu Imebfhn XS an mø hyhkmbh cww Akm[yambncp p. F p am{xa, sndpins {]mtzini aqe[\ßƒ kºzv hyhÿbnse KW\obamb Hcp i nbmbn XpScpIbpw ]et mgpw IpØIaqe[\hpambn sndp InS aqe[\øn\pw {]mtzini aqe[\øn \pap sshcp yw cq amhpibpw hnhn[ cmjv{sob {]ÿm\ßfneqss {]I SnXamhpIbpw snbvxp. 1965 ti{µ Kh sa v cmpyøns HutZymKnI `mjbmbn lnµn ASnt n t mƒ Xangv\m nepw Nne Z nw kwÿm\ßfnepw i amb `mjm kacw s]m n]pds p. Cu {]Xn`mkw BgØn a\ nemt Xp v. {]Xnk n{kkvxamb apxemfnøøns Cu ImeL Øn \ΩptSXpt]mse Hcp _lptziobxm cmjv{søn, ta ssibp tziobxbpss apxemfnh w a v Zp _e tzio XIfpsS ta ta[mhnxzw snepøp p. \yq\] tziobxisfbpw \yq\] ßsfbpw ASn a ØpI F Xv C sø apxemfnøøns NcybmWv. Cu ASn a Ø kmºøni cwkøv am{xambn HXpßp n. cmjv{sobhpw kmwkvimcn Ihpw `mjm]chpamb F m awvueßfnepw AXv ]Scp p. lnµn `mjm {]tzißfnse apxemfnh Øn \n v IpØI aqe[\w BZyambn hnikn pibpw kzmx{ ye_v[n ptijw {ItaW kºzv hyhÿtbbpw `cwiqstøbpw Ah \nb{ n pibpw snbvxp. ta t mbvabp Cu apxemfn h w kz w `mjbmb lnµn, CXc `mj m pta ASnt n p. CXv lnµn kwkmcn mø P\ ßfpsS, {]txyin v lnµn Xosc a\ n emimø Xangv P\XbpsS hnimcßsf BgØn apdns SpØn. kzm`mhniambn Ahcn \n v hºn Hcp {]Xntj[ kacw kzta[bm s]m n]pds p. `mj Hcp sshimcni {]iv\amwv. AXn taep GsXmcm{IaWhpw apgph P\XbpsSbpw hnimcapw ØmsX Xcan. B hnimcw A Xbn \n pw CSpßnb Nn mk Xnbn \n pw ap amsw n alømb Hcp hnimcamwv. ImcWw Hcp P\XbpsS _p n]chpw kmwkvimcnhpamb hnimkw hensbmcfhn AhcpsS `mjbpss hnimksø B{ibn ncn p p. tziob apxemfn h hpambn sshcp yap Xangv\m nse hnik\imw nbmb {]mtzini apxemfnh w kmlncysø apxsespøpsim v tziob am nse Hcp ] v t\sm tziob apxemfnh Øn\v ta kω ±w snepøm\mbn kacsø t{]m kmln n p. Cu e ytømss Xangv {]mtzini apxemfnh Øns cmjv{sob kwls\bmb UnFwsI C y bqwnb\n \n v hnlsn v t]mhpi F ap{zmhmiyw Db Øn. Un FwsIbpsS ÿm]it\xmhpw ]m esa v AwKhpambncp kn.f.aæm Zpssc, HutZymKnI `mjbmbn Cw ojv \ne\n Ønbns n Xangv\mSn\v hn pt]mhpib msx a v am ap mhns v ]m esa n Xpd p {]Jym]n p. Xangv\mSns\t mse hensbmcp am v \jvss SpØm B{Kln mø cmpysø tziob apxemfnh w {]mtzini _q jzmknbpambn HØpXo nseøn. hnls\ hmz Unam n \n v UnFwsI ]n mdn. HØpXo ns `mkambn Xangv apxemfnh Øn\v tziob am nse Hcp ] v e`n p. CXns ^eambmwv Sn.hn.Fkv, cmwsim, azpctimsvkv XpSßn \nch[n Xangv IpØI IpSpw_ßƒ Db ph Xv. ]ekabømbn Db ph \nch[n _m pisfbpw \ap v ImWmw. `mjm {]iv\øn\v imizx]cnlmcw D mbns nepw, Xangv apxemfnh Øns hnik\ A`nemjßƒ ]q ØoIcn s p. UnFwsI XßfpsS hnls\hmz ap{zmhmiyw Dt] n p. Xangv apxemfnh w Cu {]iv\sø tziob apxemfnh hpambn hnet]im\p Hcp D]IcWambn D]tbmKn p. Aßs\ ti{µk mcns `mjm\bw Xangv P\XbpsS hnimcßsf BgØn apdnth n t mƒ Xangv apxemfn h Øn\v AXv XßfpsS Xm ] cyøn\mbn D]tbmKn m Ign p. Xangv\mSv thsdmcp cmpyamimxncp Xv \ mbn. Xangv apxemfnh Øns bym e yw CXmbncp pan F v (tijw 13 mw t]pn )

bqwn n HIvtSm_ 2016 Imivao {]iv\w: (12 mw t]pn \n v) \Ωƒ I p. ]t hmzøn\pth n AXv AwKoIcn m Øs Xangv\mSv thsdmcp cmpyambn amdnbncps n B cmpyw h clnxamb kaqlamipambncpt m? apxemfnø NqjIcpw Iqenthe mcmb NqjnXcpw C mø, NqjWan mø \msmipambncpt m? Hcp cmjv{sønse NqjnX pw NqjI pw s]mxpxm ]cyßƒ D miptam? Ncn{XØn IΩyqWnkw ÿm]nxamip Xn\v ap ]v Hcp cmjv{søn\pw h clnx cmjv{samim Ignbn. F m cmjv{sønepw Nqj Icpw NqjnXcpap v. AhcpsS Xm ]cyßƒ tihew hyxykvxw am{xa t\ hn ]coxhpamwv. apxemfnh w tziob Xm ]cyøns ap{zmhmiyapb Øptºmƒ apxemfnh Øns Xm ]cyw F msx as mc hpw AXn\n. A Øcw ap{zmhmiyßƒ sxmgnemfnh sø Bib pg Øn B cpxv. axw cmjv{scq]oicwøns ASnÿm\a tziobxifpss kzbw \n Æbmh Imiw F {]iv\tømsv hyxykvx kml Ncyßfnep sxmgnemfnh kao]\w BgØn a\ nemt Xp v. tziob XIfpsS kzbw \n ÆbmhImiw i ambn Db Ønb henb {]t m`ßƒ BZyw _w mtzinepw ]n osv {ioe bnepw Ct mƒ Imivaocnepw \Ωƒ I p. Cu hnjbsø sxmgnemfnh ho WtImWn \n v Fßns\bmWv kao]n p Xv As n kao]nt Xv F v ]cntim[n mw. _w mtziv A v Adnbs ncp Xv Ing ]m nÿm F mbncp p. ]Sn md ]minÿm\pw Ing ]m nÿm\pw tncp Xmbncp p ]m nÿm. axøns ASnÿm\Øn {_n ojv `c Wm[nImcnIƒ Ir{Xnaambn krjvsn XmWv ]m nÿm. ]t Hcp cmjvsøns cq]oicwøns ASnØd axamim Ignbn. Aßns\ Bbncps n temi Ønse F m {InkvXy cmpyßfpw Hcpcmjv{Samtbs\. AXpt]mse F m ap nw cmpyßfpw F m _p nãv cmpyßfpw Hmtcm cmjv{sßƒ Bbn cq]s t s\. Hcp cmjv{søns hnimkøn\mhiyamb ASnÿm\ LSIßƒ GsXms bmsw v Ncn{XØns ]mtßfn \n v at\mlcambn Ãmen ImWn p. am Ivknkhpw tziobxm {]iv\hpw F Xs hnjymx IrXnbn Ãmen ]dbp p. Hcp cmjv{sw Ncn{X]cambn kwlsnxhpw ÿncxbp Xpamb Hcp P\k bamwv. AXv s]mxphmb`mjbpssbpw `q{]tziøns bpw kmºøni PohnXØns bpw at\mls\bpssbpw ASnÿm\Øn cq] s Sp Xpw s]mxphmb kwkvimcøneqss {]ISnXamIp XpamWv. Cu D]m[nIsfm pw ]minÿm cq]o Icn t mƒ ]q ØoIcn ncp n. ]Sn md ]m nÿm\n \n v hfsc Zqsc, Bbnc W n\v ssaepiƒ Xm nbp IS am ap _ a msx `qanimkv{x]camb XpS bn msxbmwv Ing ]m nÿm ÿnxn snbvxncp Xv. s]mxphmb axsamgnsi Cu c p P\X Ifpw XΩn Hcp kmayhpw D mbncp n. am{xa Ing ]m nÿm\nse D X DtZymKÿ XkvXnIIfnse mw ]Sn md ]m nÿm\n \n p hscbmwv \nban ncp Xv. Ing ]m nÿm \n \n p \nipxnhcpam\øns ap Jy] pw ]Sn md ]m nÿm\n hn\ntbmkn pibpw snbvxncp p. GItZisamcp timf\nhmgvnt]mep Cu a ±\ `cwøns\xnsc Ing ]m nÿm\nse P\ßfn henb {]Xntj[w hf ph ncp p. Ahkm\w Ing 370 mw hip ns A xkø tnm Øn f Xv ti{µk m ]m nÿm\nse P\Xbv v XnI pw A] cnnnx `mjbmbncp D Zp HutZymKnI `mjbmbn ASnt n t mƒ, AXns\ ØpS p mb {]t m`ww ]Sn md ]m nÿms `cwøns\xncmb Hcp Dbn søgpt mbn amdn. Ing ]m nÿm\nse P\ßƒ ]q Æ kzmx { yw {]Jym]n p. A phsc ]q ØoIcn mxncp AhcpsS tziob A`nemjßfpw Ah t\snsbsp m\p AhcpsS Bgam B{Klhpw kzmx{ yw t\sm\p kacøn {]ISnXambn. Cu kacw \oxnbp hpw Ncn{X]chpambncp p. AXpsIm mwv temisø F m ]ptcmka\ i nifpssbpw ]n pw AXn\v e`n Xv. 1951 Xs A sø Ing ]m nÿms hn[n tpmk^v Ãmen\v ap Ip n ImWm Ign p. Ahn` kn]n sf bpss ti{µiωn n AwKßfpsS Hcp {Kq pambp IqSn mgvnbpss Ahkc Øn, Ir{Xnaambn krjvsn s C y, ]m nÿm, kntem F o aq v cmjv {Sßsf ]cma in psim v At±lw ]d p: Ir{Xnaamb Cu hn`p\w _wkmfn hntijn pw hfsc hy amwv. e`n p BZysØ AhkcØn _wkmƒ {]hniy ]m nÿm\n \n v AS v amdpw. Ãmens Cu \nco Ww {]hn\ XpeyamWv. F p am{xa A sø Ing ]m nÿm\nse (Ct mƒ _w mtziv) P\ßƒ ]m nÿm\n \n p hn LS\Øn\pth n \SØnb t]mcm Øns \ymbbp X FSpØpImWn p p. {ioe bpss A\p`hw ]t {ioe bnse F SnSnC hnl S\Øn\pth n \SØnb kacøn\v hyxykvxamb Hcp ] møeamwp mbncp Xv. {_n ojv `cwimeøv hntzi km{ampyxzøn\pw P nøøn\psaxnsc {ioe bn (A sø kntem ) kzmx{ y kacw Bcw`n t mƒ knwlfcpw Xangcpw H n v kacw hf Ønsb SpØp. Ncn{X]cambn Hcp tzihpw tziob cmjv{shpw cq]oicn m\p _q jzm P\m [n]xy hnπh {]ÿm\ambncp p AXv. ]t km{ampyxzøns Cu Ime L Øn {ioe bpss kzmx{ ykacw {ioe apxemfnh amwv \bn Xv F Xn\m kaqløns ]q Æ P\m[n ]Xyh cww \S m m\mbn. F p am{xa {]mtzinihmzw, h obx, `mjmk pnnxxzw XpSßnb P nø Nn mk XnIƒ kaqløn BgØn thtcmsnbncp p. _p k\ymknam v t]mepw `c Wkwhn[m\Øn KWyamb kzm[o\ ap v. Irjnbpw a ky_ \hpw d, txbne txm ßfnse ]Wnbpw sxmgnem nb knwlf P\Xtb mƒ, hnzym `ymk]cambpw kmºøniambpw apt dnbncp Xangv P\X thdns mcp cmjv{s Øn\v th n t]mcmsnbn. kzmx{ y Øn\v tijw Gsd mew Xangv P\X, hnlsn pt]mhpi F Unam v Db Ønbncp n. ]t, {ioe bnse BsI P\ kwjybpss 20% am{xta Xang D mbncp p p. kzm`mhniambpw kzmx{ ym\ cw sxcs Sp neqss Kh sa piƒ cq]oicn t msgms knwlf tihe `qcn] sø \nb{ n p, k mcn Xangv a{ nam Ds n t]mepw. apxemfnø cmpyßfnse mw kw`hn Xpt]mse {ioe bnepw knwlfap Xemfnh w k mcns ]n pwtbmss Xangv apxemfnh sø AhKWn m XpSßn. H w Xs Xangv P\Xbpw {]txyin v hnzym nifpw bphm fpw hnzym`ymk ÿm]\ßfnse {]thi\ Øns ImcyØnepw sxmgnens ImcyØnepw hnthn\w t\cn p. knwlf hnzym niƒ IpSpX ]cnkwn s p. IqSmsX axm cmb _p nãv k\ymknamcpss {]tim]\øm CS nss h obelfifpw \S p. CsX mw Xangv P\ X nsbn BgØnep tcmjhpw ]cn `hhpw D m ns m ncp p. Ahkm\w knwlf`mj Xang v ta ASnt n t mƒ AXphsc k nxambncp XangcpsS ]cmxniƒ Hcp henb Iem]ambn s]m nsødn p. Xangv P\Xs Xnsc {ioe k m \SØp B{IaWßsf sndp m Xangv bpssw Uv en_tdj {^ v (SnbpF F^v) cq]oicn s p. ]t Xangv P\X v ]q Ækzbw `cw Øn\v th n {]h Øn SnbpF F ^ns t\xrxzøn hensbmcp hn`mkw hnzym niƒ pw bphm ƒ pw hnizmkap mbncp n. Cu hn`mkøn\v thdns mcp cmjv{samwv th nbncp X,v kzx { amb Hcp Xangv tziob cmjv{sw. Ah SnbpF F^n \n v ]pdøp h v ]pxnb Hcp kwls\ cq]oicn p. AXm Wv en_tdj ssstkgvkv Hm^v Xangv Cugw (F SnSnC). Xangv Cgw F v hnfn s Sp Xang pth nbp {]txyi cmpyøn\v th n Ah {ioe `cw IqSØns\Xnsc kmbp[kacw Bcw`n p. {]txyi cmjv{søn\v th nbp XßfpsS Unam v \ymboicn m\mbn F Sn SnC kzbw\n ÆbØn\p AhImiw D bn p. \nch[n h jßƒ Ah kmbp[ t]mcm w \SØn, sndp mcmb Xangsct Øv Hcp kmbp[ tk\ cq]oicn p, \nch[nt] v Poh _enb nt nh p. ]t, A naambn Ah hnpbn n. kmbp[kacøn am{xa, hn`p \Øn\v th nbp AhcpsS Bhiy Øn\v temicwkøv ]n pw t\snsbsp p Xnepw Ah hnpbn n. {ioe `cwiqsøns hnthn\ a ±\ \S]Sn Isfbpw ]cn]msnisfbpw temisø ]ptcmka\i niƒ, {]txyin v IΩyqWn ÃpIƒ, \ΩpsS ]m nbs w A]e]n p. ]t Hcp cmpyw t]mepw F SnSnCbpsS Unam ns\ ]n pw n. F psim mwxv? ImcWw, hn`p\øns Unam v, Ncn{X]cambn \ymboicn mhp Xmbncp n. {ioe tziob cmjv{søns (AsXmcp _q jzm tziob cmjv{samwv) cq]o IcWØn\v th nbp kacøn Xangv P\X Xpey\nebn ]s SpØp F Xv {ioe Ncn{XØn \n v \Ωƒ I p Ign p. kzm`mhniambpw kzmx{ y Øn\v tijw kacw as mcp L Ønte v IS p, apxemfnø hncp hnπhøns L w. Hcp _lptziobxmcmjv{søn, ac Wmk amb apxemfnøøns ImeØv, h InS tziobxbpss apxemfn h w sndpins tziobxisf ASn a Øp Xv kzm`mhni {IaamsW G hpw {][m\ s hkvxpx a\ nem m, AhcpsS Bflm hpw kxyk hpamb kacßsf mw Hcp`mKØp mbn pw, F SnSnC t\xrxzøn\v Ign n. a ±I\S]SnIƒ, {ioe bnse `cwapxemfn h Øns {]Xn\n[nbmb knwlf k m BsW SpØXv, NqjnXcmb {ioe bnse km[mcw P\ßf. {ioe bnse km[mcw ]uc mscbpw CtX {ioe apxemfnh w NqjWw snøpibpw ASn a Øp Ibpw snøp p v. GXm\pw h jßƒ v ap ]mwv, P\Xmhnap n s]cpap\ (sphn]n)bpss Bbnc W n\v bphm sf CtX {ioe k m Iq s me snbvxxv. AXpsIm v, Xangsc am{xa, knwlfscbpw `cwapxemfnh w Hcp t]mse NqjWw snøpibpw ASn a ØpIbpw snøp p v. C meøv Hcp 13 _lptziobxm apxemfnø NqjI `c WIqSØns bym kz`mhw CXmWv. kzm`mhniambpw, RßfpsS i amb A`n{]mbw, c v tziobxifnsebpw Nqjn Xcmb P\ßƒ, k mcns F m a ±\ \S]SnIƒ psaxnsc tbmpn p\n v t]mcmspibpw, NqjI apxemfnø tziob cmjv{ssø XI Øv Hcp tkmjyenãv `c WIqSw ÿm]n m\p kacøn\v A\ptcm[ambhn[w B t]mcm ßƒ \bn p Ibpw snøwambncp p F mwv. Aßs\ am{xsa, a\pjy a\pjys\ NqjWw snøp Xv Ahkm\n n m\mhq, {]_e tziobx, Zp _e tziobxsb ASn a Øp Xpw Ahkm\n n m Ignbq. bym Øn Hcp _lptziobxm cmjv{søn, _q jzm`cwiqsw \SØp Xo{hamb ASn a Øens bpw ]ou\ Øns bpw kmlncyøn, c v P\X Iƒ v Hcpan v Pohn m\mhmøhn[w Ah XΩnep _ ßƒ hjfmbn ns n, hnls\øns Unam, ]q Æ kzbw`cwøn\p Unam mwv icnbmb ]cnlmcw. Cu Znibnep Hcp {]h Ø\] Xn, \yq\] tziobxbv v kz w BhiyIXbpw B{Klßfpw A\pkcn v AhcpsS PohnXw Nn s SpØm\p ]q Æ AhImiw \ Ipw. F v am{xa, `qcn] tziobxbnse sxmgnemfn h hpw a v NqjnX P\ßfpambn sfiyw \ne\n Øns m,v G hpw ti{µoirxamb _q jzm `cwiqssø \nb{ n p s]mxpi{xphmb, `cn p tziob apxemfn h Øns\Xnsc tbmpn t]mcm w \SØm\p Ahkchpw Ah v \ Ipw. F SnSnC t\xrxzw icnbmb cmjv{sob sse ]n ps ncp psh n, C{Xbpw \o Hcp t]mcm Øn\v tijw, Afh bmx\iƒ pw XymKßƒ pw tijw, ]q Ækzbw`cWsa Unam v t\sm\m Ipambncp p. Rßƒ a\ nem p Xv, {ioe bnse XangvP\XbpsS kacøns L w, Ct mgpw CXpXs bmwv F mwv. _w mtzinsebpw, {ioe bnsebpw kmlncyw, Imivaocnse kmlncyøn \n v Xo bmbpw hyxykvxamwv. F n t mepw, sxmgnemfn h Øns bpw a v NqjnX P\ßfpsSbpw bym tamn\w F hnjbtømsv t_m[ap sxmgnemfnh Øns AYhm IΩyqWnÃpIfpsS kao]\w ASnÿm\]cambn hyxykvxamim Ignbn. tziob{]iv\øns Hmtcm {]txyi ZrjvSm Ønepw, kacøns kz`mhhpw AXns k o ÆXIfpw h t_m[ap sxmgnemfnh w Bg Øn a\ nemt Xp v. hn`p\amtwm, ]q Æ kzbw`cwamtwm, CXn GXmWv AhcpsS hntamn\ t]mcm sø i ns SpØpI F mtemnn Ww. _w mtzins ImcyØn \yq\] a ±\w am{xambncp n, simtfmwnb ASn a Ø Hcp hiøpw Hcp tziobcmjv{sambn hnikn m\p A`nemjßƒ ]q ØoIcn m\p kacw adphi Øpap mbncp p. {ioe bpss Imcy Øn AXnKpcpXcamb \yq\] ]ou\hpw ASn a Øepw Bbncp p. ]t, Xangcpw {ioe P\Xbpambp _ w, AXpaqew hjfmbn. sxmgnemfnh ho Ww A\nhmcyw t_m[ap sxmgnemfnh w hn`p \sø ]n pw p Xv Ft mgmwv, IrXyambn GXp kmlncyønemwv? IΩyqWn ÃpIƒ hn`p\sø ]n pw p n F Xv icnb. adn v, F mbnsøpw, Ah kzbw \n ÆbØn\p AYhm hn`p\øn\p AhImiw Db Øn]nSn p p, AXv Ncn{X]cambn \oxnicn mhp XmsW n, NqjnXcpsS hntamn\ kacsø bym Øn AXv i ns (tijw 14 mw t]pn )

14 bqwn n HIvtSm_ 2016 Imivao {]iv\w: (13 mw t]pn \n v) SpØpsa n. djybnse sxmgnemfn h hnπhøn\v tijw F m tziob XIƒ pw hn`p\ Øn\p AhImiw \ Ip hfsc {][m\s Hcp {]txyi hyhÿ se\ns t\xrxzøn ]pxp Xmbn cq]w sim tkmhnb v bqwnbs `cwls\bn FgpXn tn Øp. Hcp apxemfnø cmjv{søn\pw Cßs\ sbm v Hcn epw Nn n m \mhn. ]t F psim mwv se\n F m tziobx Iƒ pw Cu AhImiw A\phZn Xv? H maxmbn, kmdnãv hmgvnbpss ImeØv, almdjy tziobx, Zp _e tziobxisf Xo {h ambn ASn a ØpIbpw ]oun n pibpw snbvxncp p. sid kvin k mcns Iognep apxemfnø `cwhpw Zp _e tziobxitfmsv Cu ASn a Ø \bw Xs XpS p. kzm`mhn I ambpw hnπhøn\v tijw ÿm]n s ti{µ `cwtømsv Zp _e tziobxiƒ v Bi bpw AI bpw D mbn. AXn \m Zp _e tziobxifpss a\ n \n v Cu Bi amt Xv Bhiyambncp p. c maxmbn, IqSpX {][m \ambn, tkmjyenkøn aqe [\Øns `cww C møxn\mepw Dev]mZ\ D]m[nIfpsS ta kmaqlni DSaÿXbp Xn \mepw a\pjy a\pjys\tbm Hcp tziobx a p tziobxisftbm ASn a Øp {]iv\ans v Zp _e cmpyßƒ pw temi Øn\pXs bpw ImWn psimsp m se\n B{Kln p. tkmjyenkøn am{xta, F m tziobxiƒ pw kzx{ ambn, kmt] ni kzmx{ ytømss, ]ckv]cklmbtømssbpw klicwtømssbpw hnikn m\mhq. hn`p\øn\p Ah Imiw tziobxiƒ v \ Insb nepw Hscm tziobxbpw tkmhnb v bqwnb\n tkmjyenkw \ne\n nstømfw Imew hn pt]mip Xns\ n Nn n p It]mepw snømxncp Xv AXpsIm mwv. {]IrXnbnepw kaqlønepap c v {]Xn`mkßƒ Hcn epw k kaamin. {]txyin v kaqløn. kmaqlni kmwkv mcni hyxymkßƒ Imc Ww, Htc t]mep kmºøni ASnØdbps nepw, cmjv{sßƒ XΩn \nch[n hyxymkßƒ \ne\n p p. ]t AØcw hyxymkßƒ Ds nepw, cmjv{sßfpss kzbw \n ÆbmhImisØ pdn p ASnÿm\kao]\w H pxs bmwv. \Ωƒ CXpIqSn Hm Øncn Ww, Hmtcm cmjv{sønepw A Øcw hyxymkßƒ \ne\n ptºmƒ Xs, tziobxifpss kzbw \n ÆmbmhImiØns hnjbøn apxemfn h Øns kao]\hpw sxmgnemfn h Øns kao]\hpw H mbncn n. Hcp _lptziobxmcmpy Øv, {]_e tziobxbpss apxemfnh Øm ASn a Øs Sp Zp e tziobxbpss apxemfnh w Ft mgpw {]txyi ItºmfØn\v th n, AhcpsS 370 mw hip v hyhÿ snbvxncp ]q Æ kzbw`cww ]p\xÿm]n pi kz w Km lni ItºmfØn\v th n {]_e apxemfnh Øns\Xnscbp kacøn sxmgnemfn h hpambn H n p \n m {ian pw. Ãmen hy ambn ]d p: ""hfcp apxemfn h Øns apjy{]iv\w, ItºmfØns {]iv\amwv. kz w Nc piƒ hn gn v, CXc tziobxbnse apxemfnh hpambp a cøn hnpbn v hcni F XmWv AXns e yw. AXpsIm m W v""kz w'', ""B`y c'' Itºmfw `{Zam m AXm{Kln p Xv. apxemfnh w, AXns tzikvt\lw ]Tn p BZysØ hnzymebamwv Itºmfw.'' Ãmen XpS v ]dbp p: ""Db phcp apxemfnø Øns kmlncyßfnep tziobkacw, apxemfnh ßƒ XΩnep kacamwv. Nnet mƒ, sxmgnemfnh sø tziob {]ÿm\ønte v sim phcp Xn apxemfnh w hnpbn p p. At mƒ tziobkacw ]pdtabv v Hcp ""tzihym]i'' kz`mhw B n p p. ]t, CXv ]pdta v am{xamwv. AXns kmcmwiøn AsXmcp apxemfn h kacamwv, apxemfnh Øns t\ hpw, em`hpw e yw h p Hcp kacw. ""]t C d Xn \n v, tziob a ±\Øns \bøns\ Xnsc sxmgnemfnh w t]mcm w \StØ F v kn n p n.'' ""k mckzmx{ yw \ntj[n p Xv, thm himiw \ntj[n p Xv, `mjm]camb ASn a Ø, kviqfpiƒ AS p]q p Xv XpSßnb a ±\ \S]SnIƒ apxemfnh tømssm w, Hcp ]t AXns\ mtfsd sxmgnemfnh søbpw _m[n p p. CØcw H cp Ahÿmhntijw, a ±nx cmjv{sßfnse sxmgnemfnh Øns _u ni i nifpss kzx { hnimksø apcsn n mt\ klmbn q. Hcp Sm m As n PqX sxmgnemfn v Xs tbm K ßfnepw {]`mjwßfnepw kz w amxr`mj D]tbmKn m A\p hmzans n, Ahs kv IqfpIƒ AS p]q nbm ]ns, Ahs _p n]camb IgnhpIfpsS ]q ÆhnImksØ pdn v Kuchambn kwkmcn m\mhn. ""]t, tzioba ±\w, sxmgnemfn h Øns Xmev]cyßƒ v as mcp XcØnepw A]ISw hcp Øp p. Hcp henb hn`mkøns {i, kmaqlyhnjbßfn \n v, h kacøns hnjbßfn \n v, tziob{]iv\ßfnte v, sxmgnemfn h Øn\pw apxemfn h Øn\pw ""s]mxphmb'' hnjbßfnte v AXv hyxn Nen n p p. CXv, ""Xm ]cyßfpss ka\zb''sø pdn p I {]NmcWØn \v, sxmgnemfn h Øns h Xmev]cyßƒ hnkvacn p Xn\v, sxmgnemfn Isf _u niambn ASnas Sp Øp Xn\v hf qdp asæmcp p p. CXmIs F m tziob XIfnepap sxmgnemfnisf H n n p Xn\v KpcpXcamb XS w krjvsn p p.'' hn pt]mi {]iv\]cnlmca Imivao Hcp {]txyi cmjv{sw Bbn F v k n pi. AXneqsS Imivao Hcp h clnx kaqlamiptam? AhnSsØ {]mtzini apxemfnamcpss NqjWw D mhnt? Xo bmbpw B {]txyi cmjv{shpw Hcp NqjWm [njvtnx kaqlambncn pw, AhnsS sxmgnemfnh hpw km[mcw P\ßfpw t\cnsp Nqj Whpw a ±\hpw XpScpIbpw snøpw. tkmjyenkw ÿm]nxam Ip XneqsS am{xta NqjWhpw a ±\hpw Ahkm\n pibp q F v Ncn{Xw sxfnbn p p v. tkmjyenkøn\v th nbp t]mcm w sxmgnemfn h Øns sfiyøneqss i ns SpIbmWv snøpi. Cu hnjbøn se\ns am \n t±iw Cßns\bmWv: ""sxmgnemfn h Øns Xmev]cyßfpw apxemfnøøn s\ Xncmb AXns t]mcm hpw Bhiys Sp Xv F m cmjv{sßfnsebpw sxmgnemfnifpss ]q Æamb sfiyzm Vyhpw G hpaspø HcpabpamWv; F m tziobxifnsebpw apxemfnh Øns tziob\bøns\xn cmb sndpøp\n mwv. AXn\m IΩyqWnÃpIƒ, cmjv{sßfpss kzbw \n ÆmbhImiw, AYhm a ±nx tziobxbv v hn pt]mim \p AhImiw X n f mepw, AX, a ±nx tziobxbnse apxemfnh Øns F m tziob Unam pisfbpw ]n pw p F ph mepw, Ah sxmgnemfn h \bøn \n v hyxn Nen v, sxmgnemfnisf apxemfn h Øns \bøn\v Iogvs Sp ØpIbmhpw snøpi. Hcp Iqen søm gnemfnsb kw_ n ns tøm fw, Abmsf djy CXc apxemfn h sø mƒ apjyambn almdjy apxemfn h amtwm NqjWw snøp Xv, AXs n PqXapXemfnh tø mƒ t]mfnjv apxemfn h amtwm NqjWw snøp Xv XpSßnb Imcyßƒ henb hyxym k ap m p n. Xs h Xmev]cyw a\ nembn p Iqen søm gnemfn, almdjy apxemfnbpss `cwiqshntijmhimißsf pdn pw, t]mfnjv As n Ds{Ibn\nb apxemfnam v `cwiqs hntijmhimißƒ e`n pignbptºmƒ, `qanbn Hcp kz w Xs ÿm]n psa AhcpsS hmkvzm\ßsf pdn pw Hcp t]mse \n wk\m Wv. an{inx P\Xbp kwbp cmjv{sßfnepw thdn tziob cmjv{sßfnepw apxemfnøw hnikn p p v, F pxs bmbmepw XpS pw hnikn pw. se\n XpS p ]dbp p. `qanimkv{x]chpw kmº ØnIhpamb _ ßfpsS hnebpw hensbmcp ItºmfØns bpw hensbmcp `cwiqsøns bpw t\ ßfpw _lpp\ßƒ v XßfpsS \nxym\p`hßfn \n v \ mbn dnbmw. AXpsIm v Ah hn`p\øns am w kzoicn p Xv tziob a ±\hpw tziobamb DckepIfpw Hcpan p PohnXw Xo Øpw Akl \obam ptºmƒ, F møcw km ºØnI hym]mcßfpw XS s SpØptºmƒ am{xambncn pw. B kmlncyøn apxemfnøhnik\øns Xm ]cyßsfbpw h kacøns kzmx{ ysøbpw hn`p\amhpw G hpw \ mbn klmbn pi. Imivaocns ImcyØn ti {µ k mcns a ±\ \S]SnIƒ aqew {]txyin v 1989\v tijw C y ] mftømspw, kpc m tk\itfmspw `cwkwhn[m\ tømspw ti{µ k mcnt\mspw Imivaocnse P\ßƒ v ISpØ shdp v D mbn p v. F nepw Imivaocnse P\ßfpw C ybnse a v `mkßfnse P\ßfpw XΩnep _ w hjfmbn n. Imivaocnse P\ßfpsS C ybnep eb\w ]q Æambn \S n n F nepw Cu c v P\XIfpw XΩn ep Zo LImesØ klhmkhpw kmºønihpw kmaqly cmjv{sobhpamb simsp hmßepifpw Xo bmbpw AhcpsSbnSbn AhKWn m\mhmø Hcp ASp w D m nbn p v. ti{µk mcns P\hncp \bßfpw kpc mtk\bpss a ±\\S]SnIfpw Imivaocn P\ XbpsS hnimcßsf Xo bmbpw apdns SpØnbn ps nepw AXv c v P\XIƒ XΩn i{xpxbv nsbm nbn n. Ah v Hcpan v Pnhn m\mhns pw Hcp Xcw kmºøni simsp hmßepw km[yas pap ÿn Xn Xo bmbpan. t\scadn v, e W n\v Imivaocn sxmgnemfnifpw ]Wn mcpw sndpins I hs mcpw ÿncambn C ybpss a v `mkßfn hcp p v, Nne lnµpauenihmzi niƒ HgnsI C y P\ßfn alm `qcn] hpw Ahsc kzmkxw snøpibpw hfsc Dujvafamb _ ßƒ \ne\n ØpIbpw snøp pap v. C ybnse hnhn[ `mkßfn \n p P\ ßƒ Imivao kµ in ptºmƒ Ah pw AhnsS kz w \mspt]msebp A\p`hamWp m Imdp Xv. hfsc {][m\s Cu hkvxpx Xo bmbpw hn`p \sø \ymboicn p n. Aßns\sb n Imivaocnse sxmgnemfnh Øns bpw a v NqjnX P\XbpsSbpw tamn \ Øn\v th nbp t]mcm Øns Xm ]cyw kwc n p ]cn lmcw F mbncn pw? hn`p \tam ]q Ækzbw`cWtam? Imiv ao C p IS pt]mip aq Øamb Ncn{XkmlNcysØ B{ibn ncn p {]iv\amwnxv. \ne \n p tziobhpw km tziobhpamb kmlncyßfpss \njv] amb Hcp ]T\w \SØnbm Imivaocns ]nt m kºzv hyhÿbpw `qanimkv{x ]cambn X{ {][m\amb ÿm\ hpw aqew hn`p\w F \n t±iw \nch[n A]ISßƒ \nd H msw v Xo bmbpw ImWm Ignbpw. 1951 `cwls\m \n ΩmW k` (Constituent Assembly)bn kwkmcn th A sø {][m \a{ nbpw PΩp Imivaocnse P\ {]oxnbp t\xmhpamb sjbv v aplωzv A_vZp Nq n m n, Imivaocns ASnÿm\ kmº ØnI {]h Ø\w Irjnbpw hym ]mchpambn _ s XmWv. C y bpss klmbtømss Chsb apt m p \bn m\pw hnikn n m\pw Ignbpw. kwÿm\w {]IrXn hn`hßfmepw [mxphn `hßfmepw kº amsw pw ]m nÿmt\ mƒ hymhkmbn Iambpw kmt XnIambpw Gsd hnikn n p C ybpss klmbtømss Cu hn`hßƒ D]tbm Ks SpØn kwÿm\sø kzbw ]cym]vxam m km[n psa pw At±lw XpS p ]d p. C mea{xbpw Cu Znibn Imcyamsbm pw snbvxn n F hkvxpxbmwv \Ωfn v ImWp Xv. F{X thz\micamsw nepw kwÿm\w hymhkmbniambn ]nt m hpw Zp _ehpamsw pw kmºøniambn ]q Wambn C ysb B{ibn pam{xw \ne\n mhp AhÿbnepamsW XmWv hkvxpx. Cu kmlncyøn thdns mcp cmpyambm, kmºøniklmb Øn\pw hnik\øn\pw as mcp cmpytømsv klmba`y n p Ibpw B{ibn pibpw th nhcpw. C sø km tziob kmlncyøn Cusbmcp \S ]Sn Imivaocns B`y c Imcyßfn t\cn nss]sm\pw ssk\n Iambnt mepw CSt mensm\pw Ahkcw ]m Øncn p km{am PyXzi niƒ v {]txyin v Atacn km{ampyxzøn\v Ahkcßƒ \ IpIbnt? Aßns\ kw`hn m Imivaocns `{ZXbv pw ]cam[nimc Øn\pw t\ v hcp IS m{iawsø AXnPohn m\miptam? k o Æamb Cu {]iv\øn \v CØcsamcp efnx]cnlmc Øn\v th n hmzn p h 1951 PΩpImivao `cwls\ \n ΩmW k`bnse D LmS\ {]kwkøn sjbv v aplωzv A_vZp ]d Xv Hm p Xv \ XmWv. \ap v, c v cmjv{sßfn \n pw AI v \n p Ibpw ]t Ahcpambn kulr Z _ ßƒ \ne\n ØpIbpw snøp Hcp Ing kzn vk em v Bbn amdpi F Hcp am w ]cnkwn mw. CXv C sø {]Xnk nbn \n v ]pdtø v Hcp hgn Xpd p p F \nebn BI jiambn txm ntb mw. \ap,v Hcp hnt\mz k mc cmpysa \nebn Nne kzm`mhni {]tbmp\ßƒ CXpsIm v D msb pw hcmw. ] t Hcp kzx{ ]Zhn ]cnk Wn ptºmƒ \Ωƒ {]mtbmkni ]cnkw\iƒ AhKWn piqsm. H maxmbn, \ΩpsS Zo Lhpw \nch[n cmpyßfpambn ] nsp Xpw hnjaichpamb AXn Ønbn, kzbw {]Xntcm[n m th {X i nbn mø Hcp sndnb cmpyøn\v AXns kzmx{ yhpw ]cam[nimchpw kwc n m Ffp a. c maxmbn, \ΩpsS F m Ab cm PyßfpsSbpw kulrzw \ap v th nhcpw. \aps Xnsc Hcm{IaWap mhn F v Dd pxcm ] p hn[w \tωmssm w \oßp i amb cmpyßsf (tijw 15 mw t]pn )

bqwn n HIvtSm_ 2016 kuayh[w: kp{]owtimsxn hn[n ]p\x]cntim[n pi. Ip hmfn v ]camh[n in Dd m pi kuay h[øn tkmhnµ manbpss h[in kp{]owtim SXn d±m nbncn p p. kuaysb simes SpØnbXv tkmhnµ manbmwv F Xv sxfnbn m t{]mkniyqj\v km[n n F XmWv timsxnbpss Is Ø. acwim cwambn Nq n mwn p Xebnse apdnhv kuaysb tkmhnµ man s{sbn\n \n v X nbn t mƒ D mbxmwv F mwv t{]mkniyqjs hmzw. tkmhnµ man X nbn p F Xn\v sxfnhv FhnsS F mwv timsxn tnmzn p Xv. F mbmepw hnnn{xamb Cu hmzkxnbpss adhn sf]nkn 302 mw hip v {]Imcap h[in bn \n v tkmhnµ man c s SpØs p. sim m Dt±ians nepw acwimcwamimhp apdnth n p Xns\ sime]m XIambn IW m msa v 300 mw hip v ]d bp p v. sime]mx IØn\v 302 mw hip v A\pkcn v h[in \ Imw. h[in thtwm tht F X {]k amb hnjbw. ss]imnniamb \nebn Hcp s] Ip nsb simes SpØnb tikn {]Xn v e`nt ]camh[n in Dd m s t m, Ip hmfniƒ v kp{]owtimsxnbpss hn[n Xm oxmtbm F XmWv {]k amb hnjbw. AØcw Hcp \oxnt_m[w D mbn F n SØmWv kp{]owtimsxn hn[n A]e]n s Sp Xv. s{sbn\n\p n h pxs amciamb \nebn apdnth n s v At_m [mhÿbnemb kuay s{sbn \n \n v NmSntb mw F v tim SXn IcpXp Xv F Snÿm\ØnemWv? kzb c m w NmSnbsX n AsXßs\bmWv A] e]\obamip Xv? kuaybpss icocøn ImWs apdnhpiƒ kzbw NmSptºmgp mip X, adn v X nbnsptºmgp mip XmWv F Xv t]mãptam w Imivao {]iv\w: (14 mw t]pn \n v) Ab m nsbn \ap v Is Øm\mIptam? 1947 BKÃv 15 apx HIvtSm_ 22hsc \ΩpsS cmpyw kzx{ ambncp p F v Rm \nßsf Hm Ωn n m\m{kln p p. \ΩpsS Zu _eysø Ab cmpyw B{Ia WØneqsS apxsespøp F Xmbncp p AXns ^ew. `mhnbnepw kam\amb B{IaW Øn\v \Ωƒ CcIfmhn F Xn\v F pd mwp Xv?'' C v, tkmjyenãv kam[m\ Iymºv \nehnen mø kmlncyøn, sndpxpw Zp _ehpamb cmpyßfpss Imcyßfn km{ampyxzi niƒ hntijn pw bpfkvf \SØp asnbn mø CSs]SepIsf sndp m ^e{]zamb Hcp km{ampy Xz hncp i n C mø kab Øv, CXv F tø mfptasd {]k amwv. Imivao t]mse Zp _eamsbmcp \msn\v AXv hn` Pn pamdnbm AXns kzx { yw \ne\n ØpI Akm y am Wv. {]txyin pw A^vKm\nÿms\bpw en_nbsbbpw dnt m piƒ icnhbv p p F A`n{]mbw timsxn ]cnkwn m ØXv F psim v? HmSns m ncn p s{sbn\n \n lmbbmb Hcp s] Ip nsb arkobambn B{Ian pibpw {Sm ntebv v hens dn v {Iqcambn _emxv mcw snbvxv simes SpØpIbpw snbvx {] Xn v \nbaøns c mihnw Dd m p XneqsS kv{xoifpssbpw s] Ip nifpssbpw kmaqlyamb Ac nxmhÿ A[n ImctI{µßsf Atijw Atemkcs SpØp n F Xv ho pw sxfnbn s SpIbmWv. kp {]owtimsxnhn[n kv{xoiƒ pt\ scbp Ip IrXyßƒs Xnscbp I i\ Xm ox, adn v Ip IrXyßsf t{]m mln n p ktµiamwv AXv \ Ip Xv. in n s Sn F v Dd p mbncp p F mwv tkmhnµ man hn[ntbmsv {]XnIcn Xv. \nba]cambn {]Xn v \ ti nbncp ]camh[n in kp{]owtimsxn hn[n n n.sxfnbn s psh v timsxn Xs AwKoIcn _em wk p sø Ipd q IqSn KuchtØmsS ImtW nbncp p. _em wk p Øn\v hn[n s Poh]cy w XShv PohnXmhkm\whsc F v tim SXn hy ambn \n Nn n. ] tøm ]{ t{ m h jßƒ p tijw {]Xn Pbnen \n v ]pd Øphcp kmlncyw X qew Hgn hm mambncp p. sime p Øn\pw _em wkøn\pw]pdta sxfnbn s as m Ip IrXyßƒ pw sht sd in \ Im Ignbpambncp p. F m Ah bv p in Iƒ Hcpan v A\p`hn m axnsb v kp{]owtimsxn hn[n Xv \n `mkyicam Wv. ti ptiƒhn timsxnbn ]dbcpxv F v t{]mkniyqjs\ imkn p timsxn ti ptiƒhnsbam{xw B{ibn mwv 302 mw hip v \ne\n p n F t]mse, F n\v \nch[n hnikzc cmpyßsf mƒ kmºøniambpw ssk\niambpw IqSpX hnikn ncp Cdm ns\t]mep cmpyßƒ v t]mepw temi km{ampyxzi nifpss {]txy In v bpfkvfbpss IS m{ia WsØ sndpøp\n m IgnbmØ Hcp kmlncyøn. kndn b, Cdm, hs simdnb, Iyq_ XpSßnb cmpyßƒ bp Fkv B{IaWØns \nc c `oj Wnbn \n ptºmƒ, F m km tziob \nbaßfpw asnbn msx ewln psim v D] tcm[ßƒ pw hym]mc \ntcm[ \ßƒ pw Ahsb hnt[bcm ptºmƒ, km{ampyxz cmpyßfpss hntijn v bpfkvfbpss B{IaW ] XnIsf ^e{]zambn XSbm Ignbp hn[ønep hodp Hcp kam[m\{]ÿm\øns A`mhØn, AØcsamcp kmlncyøn Imivaocns\ km{ampyxz CSs]SepIƒ pw KqV] XnIƒ pw A\pIqeamb Hcp {]tziam n am p Hcp ]cnlmcw Imivao {]iv\øn \v Nn mtijnbp Bsc nepw \n t±in ptam? hn[n {]kvxmhn ncn p Xv F Xpw hntcm[m`mkambncn p p. s] Ip n s{sbn\n \n v NmSp XpI Xmbn Hcp a[yh b kvi ]d p F v \memw km nbpw \m Xmw km nbpw timsxnbn samgn\ In. F m Aßs\sbmcp a[yhbkvi timsxn v ap n h n n Xm\pw. Cu samgnbmwv kuay kzbw NmSn F \nka\øn FØnt cm timsxn Ahew_am nbncn p Xv F Xv hnnn{xamwv. 2011 s^{_phcn 1 \v FdWm Ipfw sjm Æq ]mk dn \S B{IaWØnemWv kuay sim s Sp Xv. kuaybpss ac W samgnbpss ASnÿm\Ønem Wv tkmhnµ man AdÃv snøs Xv. t]meokv ka n B bncw t]pp Ip ]{XØns bpw 82 km n samgnifpssbpw kml NcysØfnhpIfpsSbpw ASnÿm \ØnemWv Xriq AXnthK t m SXn tkmhnµ man v h[ in hn[n Xv. sslt msxn Unhnj _ mis kam\xifn mø {IqcX F v kw`hsø hntijn n v AXnthKt msxnbpss in icnhbv pibm Wp mbxv. tkmhnµ man c Zm lnbmb sime]mxinbmwv F pw sslt msxn A`n{]mbs p. teuokv Iºm vsa v s{sbn\ns a y`mktøbv v am Wsa pw kpc m NpaXe kmbp[ `S amsc G n Ww F pw hn[n {]kvxmhn th ssl t msxn A`n{]mbs ncp p. AtX tiknemwv Ct mƒ kp{]owtimsxn sxfnhv tnmzn ncn p Xv. th {X sxfnhpiƒ lmpcm n, \S kw`høns \njvtpcxbpw {]XnbpsS {Inan\ ] m Øehpw timsxnsb t_m y s SpØn {]Xn v ]camh[n in Dd m phm\p _m y X t{]mkniyqj\p v F n cns kp{]owtimsxnbpss ]e tnmzyßƒ pw DØcw \ Im k m A`n`mjI v km[n n n F Xn ZpcqlXbp v. k m A`n`mjI tikv ]Tn msxbpw th {X XømsdSp n msxbpamwv kp{]ow timsxnbn lmpcmbncn p Xv F mwv CXv hy am p Xv. AXnthKt m SXn pw sslt msxn pw t_m y s Imcyßƒ kp{]owtim SXnsb t_m ys SpØpI am{xamwv t{]mkniyqj sntø nbncp Xv. Ah snømxncp Xpw AXp Xs. B pth n? B sc klmbn m? BcmWv tkmhnµ man pth n bym Øn hmzn p Xv? tkmhnµ man BcmWv? Chbpw DØcßƒ e`nt tnmzyßƒ Xs. Cu kmlncyøn Imivaocnse P\ßfpsS hnimkøn\pw H wxs sxmgnemfnh hnπh{]ÿm\øns hf bv pw A\pKpWamb ]cnlmcw ]q Ækzbw`cWw am{xamwv F v Rßƒ i ambn A`n{]mbs Sp p. Imivaocnse P\ßƒ v AhcpsS B{Klßƒ \pkcn v AhcpsS PohnXw {IaoIcn m\pw cmjv{sßfpss Ncn{X]camb hnimk {]{Inb v A\ptcm [ambn AhcpsS kz w `mhn Xocpam\n phm\pw D Ahkcw AXpd phcpøpw. BZyw ti{µk mcns a ±\ \S]SnIƒs Xnsc i amb P\m[n]Xy _lpp\kachpw A naambn AhcpsS hntamn\øn\p t]mcm hpw hf ØnsbSp p Xnte v \oßm Ignbpw hn[w C ybnse sxmgnemfnh hpambpw a v NqjnXcmb hnime P\hn`mKßfpambpw H n m\p ASnØd AXneqsS D mipw. tziob {]iv\øn Hcp B[nImcnI ssk m ni\mb Ãmen \n t±in p p: {]mtzini kzbw`cwøns {]tbm P\w AXv P\ßsf cmjv{sßfmbn hn`pn p n, tzio bm Xn ØnIƒ i ns SpØp n, F XnemWv. t\sc adn v Cu AXn ØnIsf AXv elqicn p Ibpw, P\XIsf H n n p Ibpw, as mcp XcØnep hn` P\Øn\v, h msnÿm\ønep hn`p\øn\v hgnxpd p Ibpw snøp p. Ahkm\ambn Hcp s]mxpti{µøns Xocpam\w ImØncn msx km[yamb Xn G hpw \ coxnbn {]tz iøns {]IrXnkºØv D] tbmks SpØn AXns D ]mz \i nisf hnikn n m\pw AXv km[yam p p... AXn \m tziob {]iv\øns ]cnlmcøns ImXemb Hcp `mkamwv {]mtzini kzbw`cww. PΩpImivaocns ImcyØn C y `cwls\bpss 370 mw hip v AXns X\Xmb cq]øn hyhÿ snbvxncp ]q Æ kzbw`cwøns ÿnxn Xncn psim phcni, H w Xs t\ctø ]d kmºøni, kmaqly, hnzym`ymk hnimkøn 15 kaql a\xkm n pta Xo timcnbnsp Hcp hn[nbmwv kp{]owtimsxnbptsxv. kv{xoiƒs Xnscbp Ip IrXyßƒ sxfn bn p Xnepw Ip hmfn Iƒ v I i\amb in Dd phcpøp Xnepw \ΩpsS \nba kwhn[m\ßƒ ÿncambn ]cm Pbs Sp Xv F psim v? Ip w F{X hepxmbmepw Hcp {]Xnt]mepw \ΩpsS \m n in n s Snt? a\pjy a\xkm nsb ]nsn pebv p kw`hßfn t mepw tikns {]m[m\yw \nba t]mcm Øn {]Xn^en msx t]mip Xv F psim v? \nbaøns ]cnc B v? kuayh[t knse kp{]owtim SXnbpsS hn[ntbmspiqsn Cu tnmzyßƒ Hcn qsn Db Øs SpIbmWv. ticfw CfInadn kw`hambncp p kuaybpss h[w. Hcp kaqlsø F{Xta sshimcniambn kv] in p kw`hambmepw imkv{xobambn sxfnhpiƒ kamlcn p Ibpw sxfnhpisf GtIm]n n pibpw snøp ns n \nbaøns ]gpxpifpw \qemame Ifpw {]XnIƒ v A\pIqeam Ipw. {]XnIƒ v A lamb in e`n p n F Xv kv{xokaqltømspw s]mxpkaqltøm Spw \oxn\ymb hyhÿtbmspap sh phnfnbmwv. kp{]owtimsxn hn[n ]p\x]cntim[n Wsa mhiys v kv{xokpc m kanxnbpss B`napJy Øn sk{it dnb n\pap n \S {]Xntj[ Iq mbva an\n si.^nen v DZvLmS\w snøp p \p \S]SnIƒ kzoicn pi, AtXmsSm w {]txyin v bym atxxc P\m[n]Xy kao ]\w kzoicn p hn[øn ti{µk mcns at\m`mhøn ASnÿm\]camb Hcp am w F nhbneqss am{xta c v P\ X IfpsS bym eb\øn\v ]mxsbmcp m Ignbq F v \ ΩpsS ]m n XpS w apx A`n {]mbs n p v. AsXmcp {]bm k Ichpw \o p\n p Xpamb {]{InbbmsW nepw PΩpImivao P\XbpsS BgØnep apdnhpifpw {hwnxamb hnimcßfpw am nsbsp m Bhiyamb F m \S]SnIfpw ti{µk m kzoicn Ww. CXnte p BZyNphSv F \nebn knhnenb tajeifn \n v ssk\ysøbpw A ssk\ni hn`mkßsfbpw DS\Sn ]n hen pibpw, Imivao ]ªnIv tk^v n BIvSv 1978, PΩp Imivao AkzÿX _m[nx BIvSv, BwUv t^mgvkkv (PΩp Imivao ) kvs]jy ]thgvkv BIvSv 1990, XpSßnb P\ hncp \nbaßƒ d±m pibpw thww.

Date of Posting 9 th & 10 th of every month at RMS, Trivandrum. Date of publishing 01/10/2016 REGISTERED R. N. 24773/1992 P.R. No. KL/TV(N)/452/20152017 Bƒ C y sutam{im niv bqøv Hm Kss\tkj (FsF UnsshH) c maxv kwÿm\ ktωf\w amthen cbn kwl Sn n p. sxmgnen mbvabv pw kmwkv mcni A[x]X \Øn\pw h obxbv pw Agn axn psaxnsc kwlsn n ktω f\w FsFUnsshH AJnte ym sshkv {]knu v kjmhv cmarvp\ DZvLmS\w snbvxp. km[mcw a\pjyt\ mƒ ]cnkw\ arkßƒ v e`n p Xv h Øam\Ime C y Zpc amsw v At±lw A`n{]mbs p. ]iphns t]cn a\pjys\ sims msp p hsc kwc n pibpw t{]m mln n p Ibpw snøp XmWv tamznbpss t\xrxzønep _nsp]n `c Ww. tamzn k m A[nImc Øn FØnbXn\ptijw ZfnXv P\hn`mKßƒ pw \yq\] ßƒ psaxncmb B{IaWØn\v kwlsnx kz`mhw ssih ncn p p. h n phcp ^mknãv UNITY Vol 43 No.6 Price : Rs 5.00 MALAYALAM MONTHLY October 2016 FsFUnsshH kwÿm\ ktωf\w hn]øns\ sndp phm bphm sf icnbmb Znibn kwl Sn n Ww, At±lw Iq nt Øp. FsFUnsshH kwÿm \ sshkv{]knu v kjmhv B. ]m kmcyn h Ω A y X hln tbmkøn FkvbpknsF(IΩyqWnÃv) kwÿm\ sk {I t dnb wkw kjmhv Pn.Fkv.] flipam apjy{]`mjww \S Øn. kwls\m dnt m v kjmhv F.sI._nPphpw cm{ ob {]tabw kjmhv C.hn.{]Imipw AhXcn n p. kmaqly hnjbßsf A[nIcn p 7 {]tabßƒ AhXcn n s p. kam ]\ ktωf\øn FkvbpknsF(IΩyqWnÃv) kwÿm\ sk {It dnb wkw kjmhv Pbvk tpmk^v apjy{]`mjww \SØn. FsFUnsshH kwÿm\ sk{i dn kjmhv F.sI._nPp A y X hln p. kwÿm \ tpmbn v sk{i dn ]n.]n.{] im vipam kzmkxhpw Be pg Pn m {]knu v F.B. APbIpam \µnbpw ]d p. kjm ƒ F.sI._nPp ({]kn U v), ]n.]n.{]im v Ipam, Sn.sP.UnIvk, si.h. kp[o, Fw.{]Zo] (sshkv {]kn U pam ), C.hn.{]Imiv (sk{i dn), si.]n.km hn, F.B.APbIpam, Sn.B.cm Pntamƒ, F.hn.s_ n, ]n.cmtpjv(tpmbn vsk{i dnam ), Fw. si.dj({sjd ) F nhcsßnb 65 AwK kwÿm\ Iu knepw ktωf\w sxcs SpØp. FsFUnsshH kwÿm\ ktωf\w AJnte ym sshkv{]knu v cmamrvp\ DZvLmS\w snøp p. thznbn kjm ƒ B.]m kmcynh Ω, Pbvk tpmk^v, Sn.sP.UnIvk, Pn.Fkv.]flIpam, F.sI._nPp, ]n.]n.{]im vipam F nh. {]IS\Øns Hcp Zriyw (heøv). s]mxphnzym`ymk kwhn[m \w \ne\n Øp Xn A\ntj [y amb ] mwv {]oss{]adn taje \n hln p Xv. F m Cu tajebnse A[ym]Icpw Poh \ mcpw henb sxmgn Nqj WamWv A\p`hn p Xv. s]mxphnzymebßfpss `mkamb Kh sa v FbvUUv tajebnse {]oss{]adn A[ym]I v Poh \ne\n Øm t]mepap i ºfan F XmWv {]myaniamb {]iv\w. 1000 cq] apx 4500 cq] hscbmwv `qcn`mkw A[ym]I pw Bbam pw {]Xnamkiºfsa \nebn ]camh[n e`n p Xv. bmsxmcphn[ tkh\ thx\ hyhÿ Ifpw Cu tajebn \nehnen. FbvUUv kviqfpifn Ip nifn \n v amt\ppsa v `oaamb ^okv ]ncn p tºmgpw A[ym]I pw Bbam pw Xp ambthx\w am {XamWv \ Ip Xv. C]nF^v, CFkvsF XpSßnb B\pIqeyßfpw \nba{]imcap Ah [nbpw Kh sa v FbvUUv {]o ss{]adn Sot gvkv B Uv sl t]gvkv Hm Kss\tkj sk{it dnb v am v \SØn kviqfpifnse {]oss{]adn Poh \ m v e`n p n. A mzaniv tbmkyxitfmss tpmen snøp Ch v ]nfkvkn hgn \nb a\w e`n h v e`n p AtX iºfhpw B\pIqeyßfpw e`n m AhImiap v. FbvUUv kviqfpifpssbpw k m kviqfpifpssbpw `mkambn {]oss{]adnsb AwKoIcn p I, ]nfkvkn hgn \nban en n B Uam\n in_vzmkvtlmjv A\pkvacWtbmKw alm\mb sxmgnemfnh t\xmhv kjmhv in_vzmkvtlmjns 40 mw Ncahm jniw en n B Uam\n kapnnxw BNcn s p. BKÃv 5 \v \S A\pkvacW ktωf\øn kjmhv _edmw a apjy{]kwkw \SØn. in_vzmkvtlmjns Nn{X Øn lmcm Ww \SØn. ]m n kjm fpw A\p`mhnIfpw ]s SpØ tbmkw kjmhv in_vzmkvtlmjns\ pdn p Km\mem]\tØmsS kam]n p. ]n]n nf v H sk]vxw_ 30 \v \SØnb sk{it dnb v am ns ap \nc s A ym]i p tkh\ thx\ hyhÿiƒ {]oss{] adn Poh\ m pw \ IpI, A \ymbamb ]ncn phns Ahkm \n n pi, sxmgn kpc nx Xzw Dd m pi, {]oss{]adnbnse {]iv\ßsf pdn p ]Tn phm IΩojs\ \nban pi XpSßnb Bhiyßfp bn v ]n]n n F vh bpss B`napJyØn sk ]vxw_ 30 \v sk{it dntb v am pw [ Wbpw \SØn. ]n. h\p (]n]n nf vh, kwÿm\ {]knu v) A y X hln p. an\n si.^nen v (kwÿm\ P\ d sk{i dn, kv{xo kpc m kanxn) DZvLmS\w snbvxp. ""{]oss{]adn hnzym`ymkøn\v hniknx cmpyßfn e`n p {]m[m\yw \ΩpsS cmpyøv e`n p n. sim p Ip pßsf hnzym`ymk temitøbv v ssi]nsn pb ØpIbpw amxrklpamb hm eytømss F m A Ønepw hf ØnsbSp p Ibpw snøp Xn AXpeyamb ] p hln p {]oss{]adn A ym]icpw Bbamcpw D bn p Bhiyßƒ DS\Sn AwKo Icn p \S m Ww'' {ioaxn an\n si. ^nen v DZvLmS\ {]kwk Øn ]d p. Fw. jmp Jm (tkhv FPyqt j IΩn n kwÿm\ sk{i dn), hn. hnpbtjma (kwÿm\ sk{i dn,]n]n nf vh), Fkv. an\n (kwÿm\sk{i dn, sf F ]nf), jn\p kmaph (Imk timuv), _n.hrµ (IÆq ), si. ]n. kpss_z (timgnt msv) Fw. si. Dj (FdWmIpfw) hn. Djm Ipamcn (Be pg), hnzym B. tij (sibpfkv nh kwÿm\ sk{i dn) kpa hn., {]kn F nh {]kwkn p. si.fw. _ohn (]n ]n nf vh kwÿm\ sshkv {] knu v) kzmkxhpw, _n.si. tcjva (]n]n nf vh kwÿm\ {Sjd ) \µnbpw ]d p. Edited, Printed & Published by C. K. Lukose, SUCI(C) Office, T.C. 12/1242, Law College Jn, Kunnukuzhy, Trivandrum 695 035. Ph: 04712307151; Email: unitymagazine@gmail.com; Website: www.kerala.sucicommunist.org on behalf of Kerala State Committee, SUCI(C). Printed at Cochin Printech Pvt Ltd, Kochi.