Physics LESSON PLAN Subject: Physics Grade: 7 12 Date: 6/21/2012 Concept: The wave nature of light, Estimated Time of Lesson: 100 Minutes PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE(S): STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO: (1) Understand the wave nature of light. (2) Know how light is produced. (3) Successfully measure the Refraction of light in a prism. MATERIALS: Power point (attached), Worksheet (attached), small lamp with white light bulb, cardboard box, (large enough to cover lamp), prism, white and black paper, ruler. PROCEDURES: Hand out copies of worksheet. Give power point to students for review of light waves. Pass out lab sheet and materials for lab. TEACHER WILL: activate the students prior knowledge by showing power point & give worksheet to fill in. TEACHERS WILL: model/demonstrate the concept by using a prism to show how light can be diffracted. TEACHERS WILL direct guided practice by giving students lab directions sheet, pre lab and post lab question sheet, and all materials necessary to complete lab. PROCEDURES CONTINUED: After power point and review sheet is completed the student will assemble lamp, box, (with holes in side) and start to measure the amount of diffraction of each of the light waves produced from the lamp.
TEACHER WILL independently practice the concept by checking on the amount of light that is needed for the experiment to work properly. EVALUATION: THE STUDENTS WILL demonstrate achievement of the objective(s) by: Answering the worksheet and the pre-lab and port-lab questions. SELF EVALUATION (Reflection of total lesson): Was the objection of the lesson achieved? Yes No What contributed to the achievement of the objective(s)? What impeded the achievement of the objective(s)? What would you do differently? Cooperating Teacher s Comments TEKS concepts covered; B, B1, B2, B3, B5 C1, a, b C2, a,c,d,e,f,h,i,j,k C3, a,d,e, C7, a,b,c,d C8, b, d
Scanning the world lab sheet Pre-lab questions 1. How is light produced? 2. In terms of the amount of energy present, what is the difference of the different frequencies and wavelengths of light? 3. How does a prism work? 4. How do rainbows work? 5. After directing light through a prism, why do the frequencies bend at different amounts? Purpose of Lab: The purpose of this lab is to show that different frequencies of light have different properties, and those properties can be measured. Materials; 1 small lamp producing white light 1 cardboard box( large enough to cover the lamp without touching the lamp or bulb). 1 prism 1 white piece of paper 1 black piece of paper 1 piece each of different color paper (the more the merrier) 1 12 ruler Note book to record data.
Procedure; 1. This lab is best done in a darken room. Take the card board box and punch 4 holes, one on each side of the box. The smaller the hole, the better. The holes should be about the same height as the bulb on the lamp. 2. Turn the lamp on and place the box over the lamp. Caution! The bulb should be far enough away from the box as to not cause the box to catch on fire! 3. Observe the light coming from the pin hole. At one (1) foot away from the box what is the size of the light circle compared to the size of the hole? Record this information. 4. Place the prism near the box so that the light from the box is directed into the prism. 5. Observe the rainbow effect as you rotate the prism; direct the light at the different shades of paper one foot away from the box. Record this information. 6. Measure the width of the rain bow band and each of the individual bands. Take notice of the distance between the band and any missing bands. Record this information 7. How do the bands change with the rotation of the prism? Record this information. 8. Record all the observations above along with any variations you might like to try. (Such as different colors of paper besides white & black, different distances between the prism and paper, different size hole to allow the light through etc. Post Lab Questions; 1. Are all the colors you observe the same as what you would see on a rainbow? If not how do explain the missing colors? 2. Do some of the colors disappear when you use different color paper? How can you explain what happen to the different colors? 3. What do you think would happen if you directed the rainbow of light through a clear canister of water before it hit the paper? 4. Explain how you manipulated the light from the box through the prism to the paper. How did you change the light? 5. If you wanted to could you have only one color (frequency) of light hit the paper? How?
Scanning the World Work Sheet Name Period Part I Electro Magnetic Spectrum 1. The Electro Magnetic (EM) Spectrum covers all forms of light. 2. The least energetic being Radio waves and the most energetic are Gamma rays. 3. We use Radio waves to send radio signals for our radios and TV s. 4. Microwave frequencies can heat our food and also can be used to send information on a straight line of sight beam. 5. All EM Radiation travels at the speed of light. 6. Terahertz frequencies are the least used of the entire EM spectrum but are finding use in scanning technology because it does not penetrate the skin. 7. Infrared frequencies carry heat. One can observe the different temperatures of objects by observing the infrared waves being given off by that object. 8. A prism is used to diffract white visible light into the separate colors of the rainbow. 9. Ultraviolet light has many uses, including dentistry (to harden fillings), and in Astronomy to make observations. Ultraviolet light can give a light skin person a tan, but it can also be dangerous to the skin because it penetrates easily and can damage the eye. 10. X Rays have been used for years in Medicine because they can easily pass through soft tissue, and are absorbed by hard tissue (bone). Protective clothing should always be worn when using x rays. 11. The most energetic waves in the EM spectrum are the Gamma Rays. Radiation poisoning is caused by gamma rays. You get this type of radiation when atoms undergo either fission or fusion. When stars explode or become a super nova they release huge amounts of gamma radiation. Part II How light Forms 12. Quantum Theory was a new theory about the makeup of Atoms and was first proposed by Neils Bohr. 13. Part of what Quantum Theory states is that when an atom acquires energy one or more of the electrons jumps into a higher energy level. 14. When this happens the atom becomes unstable. 15. In order for the atom to become more stable again, the electron releases that energy in the form of a photon.
16. When enough atoms with enough electrons give off enough photons the photons form one or more types of Electro magnetic waves. Part III Using Light to Discover the World Around Us 17. The wave lengths of Visible Light range from 390 to 750 nanometers (nm) 18. Color is the result of the wavelengths of light that is reflected off of an object. 19. An object that is White in color reflects all the visual wavelengths. An object that looks black absorbs all the visual wavelengths of light. 20. Materials like glass don t absorb or reflect any of the visible light Spectrum so they are clear. Light passes right through them. 21. By warping glass we can make them into lenses, this causes the light passing through it to refract or bend, which makes objects appear to be closer than they actually are. 22. We use telescopes to make things that are far away appear closer and we use microscopes to make things that are very small appear to be larger. 23. X rays allow us to see right through things, telling us if we have a broken bone or tooth cavity. 24. Infrared waves that are emitted from objects, that are hotter than their environment, can tell us how hot or cold an object is. 25. Radio & Micro waves are used to send information over long distances. Part IV Using Terahertz waves to scan the world 26. The Terahertz band of radiation lies between micro waves and infrared radiation. 27. In low concentrations the Terahertz band seems to have little or no effect on living tissue. 28. Because of these properties the Terahertz band is considered the best wavelength for scanning living tissue. 29. There are currently some machines that can scan without destroying the materials being scanned. 30. Instead of just using visible light to observe the world around us, we now use the whole spectrum of light to see and observe the universe around us.