I/9, :2.l J(f)/t..4 Chart of Conversion Fators From English to Metri System and Metri to English System E Douments TTU li rary T U.S. Geologial Survey /Conservation Division USGS: INF-76-16
Chart of Conversion Fators Prefae Approximate Conversions The onversion fators in the following tables are for onversion of our ustomary (English) units of measurement tosi*units,and for onveniene, reiproals are shown for onverting Sl units bak to the English system. The first table ontains rule-of-thumb figures, useful for "getting the feel" of Sl units or mental estimation. The sueeding tables ontain fators aurate to 3 or more signifiant figures. Please. refer to known referene volumes for additional auray, as well as for fators dealing with other sientifi notation involving Sl units. * International System of Units (1) Multiply Ax 8 To Get D A B (2) Multiply D x C To Get A D inh (in) foot (ft) yard (yd) mile (mi) nautial mile square inh (in 2 ) square foot (ft 2 ) are (43560 ft2) gallon (US) barrel (42 gal) oune (oz) pound (lb av) short ton (2,000 lb) pound (mass)/foot (lb/ft) Example (1): Convert 6 inhes to entimeters 6(A) x 2.5(8) = 15 em (D) 2.5 0.305 0.91 1.61 1.85 6.45 0.093 0.405 3.8 0.159 28.0 0.454 0.907 1.5 0.4 3.3 1.1 0.62 0.54 0.155 10.8 2.5 0.26 6.3 0.035 2.2 1.1 0.67 This same format is used throughout this metriation guide. The above onversion fators are derived from the following fators: entimeter (em) meter(m) meter (m) kilometer (km) kilometer (km) square entimeter (m 2 ) square meter (m 2 ) hetare (ha) (10,000 m 2 ) liter (L) ubi meter (m 3 ) gram (g) kilogram (kg) metri ton (t) kilogram/meter 1 inh (in) = 2.54 (exat) entimeters (em) 1 liter (L) = 1,000 ubi entimeters (m 3 ) 1 pound (lb) = 0.45359 kilograms (kg) Example (2): Convert 10 entimeters to inhes 10(0) x 0.4(C) = 4 in (A) Other Conversion Fators A B D of Units Commonly Used by the Conservation Division (Three or More Signifiant Figures) 2 Length inh (in) foot (ft) yard (yd) rod (16 2 ft) hain (66 ft) mile mile (nautial) 2.540 0.3937 entimeter (em) 0.3048 3.281 meter (m) 0.9144 1.0936 meter (m) 5.0292 0.1988 meter (m) 20.1168 0.0497 meter (m) 1.609 0.621 kilometer (km) 1.852 0.540 kilometer (km) 3
A B D Area square inh (in 2 ) 6.4516 0.1550 square entimeter (m 2 ) square foot (ft 2 ) 0.0929 10.7643 square meter (m 2 ) square yard (yd 2 ) 0.8361 1.196 square meter {m 2 ) are (43560 ft 2 ) 0.40469 2.471 hetare. (ha) square mile (mi 2 ) 2.590 0.386 square kilometer (km 2 ) setion (640 are) or square mile (mi 2 ) 258.9988 0.003861 hetare (ha) Volume, Capaity ubi inh (in 3 ) 1.639 0.610 ubi entimeter (m 3 ) ubi foot (ft 3 ) 0.0283 35.335 ubi meter (m 3 ) ubi yard (yd 3 ) 7.646 0.1308 ubi meter (m 3 ) ubi mile (mp) 4.1682 0.2399 ubi kilometer (km 3 ) gallon (231 in 3 ) 3.785 0.264 liter (L) barrel (42 US gal) 0.15899 6.2897 ubi meters {m 3 ) are-foot 1,233.482 0.0008107 ubi meters (m 3 ) Mass (Weight) oune (av) 28.34952 0.03527 gram (g) pound 0.4535924 2.2046 kilogram (kg) ton (US short) 0.9071847 1.1023 ton (t)* * 1 metri ton = 1,000 kilograms (kg) Mass/Length pound/ft (lb/ft) 1.48816 0.67197 kilogram/meter (kg/m) Mass/Volume (Density, Conentration) pound/ubi ft {lb/ft 3 ) 16.01846 0.062428 kilogram/ubi meter (kg/m 3 ) pound/gallon (US) 119.8264 0.008345 kilogram/ubi meter (kg/m 3 ) pound/gallon (US) 0.1198264 I 8.345406 gram/ubi entimeter {g/m 3 ) Volume/Time (Flow Rate) ubi ft/seond {ft 3 /s) 28.317 0.0353 ubi deimeter /se (dm 3 /s)* ubi ft/min {ft 3 /min) 0.4719 2.119 ubi deimeter/se (dm 3 /s) US gallon/minute 0.06309 15.850 ubi deimeter/se (dm 3 /s) barrel/day 0.00184 543.478 ubi deimeter/se (dm 3 /s) * 1 ubi deimeter (dm 3 ) = 1 liter (L), exatly. Heat, Calorifi Value British thermal unit (60 F) (Btu) 1055 0.000948 joule (J) Calorie (20 C) 4.182 0.239 joule (J) 4 5
A B D Heat, Calorifi Value-Continued Brit. ther. unit/lb (Btu/lb) Brit. ther. unit/gal (Btu/gal) Brit. ther. unit/ubi foot (Btu /fp) 2.326 278.72 37.259 0.430 0.00359 0.0268 kilojoule/kilogram (kj/kg) kilojoule/ubi meter (kj/m 3 ) kilojoule/ubi meter (kj/m 3 ) Gas Oil Ratio ubi foot/barrel (fp/bbl) 0.178 5.618 ubi meter/ubi meter(m 3 /m 3 ) Pressure pound/square inh (psi) pound/square inh (psi) 0.07031 6.895 14.22 0.1450 kilogram/square entimeter (kg/m2) kilopasal (kpa)* * 1 kilopasal (kpa) = 1 newton per square meter (N/m 2 ) Temperature To onvert temperature in o Farenheit to oelsius, subtrat 32 and divide by 1.8. To onvert temperature in Celsius to o Fahrenheit, multiply by 1.8 and add 32. Footnote Multipliation Fators Prefix SISymbol In Sl pratie, number notation is made by separating digits into groups of three on either side of a deimal point, with a spae or half spae between groups. Amerian Petroleum Institute publiations show onversion fators in this manner, written as a number between one and ten with six or less deimal plaes. The number is followed by E (for exponent), a plus or minus symbol, and two digits whih indiate the power of 10 by whih the number must be multiplied to obtain the orret value. For example, 4.046 856 E+, 03 is 4.046 856 x 10 3 or 4 046.856. In writing, Sl prefixes should be used to denote order of magnitude, as a substitute for writing powers of 10. Following is a hart of Sl prefixes: 1 000 000 000 000 = 10 12 1 000 000 000 = 10 9 1 000 000 = 10 6 1 000 = 10 3 100 = 10 2 10 = 10 1 0.1 = 10-1 0.01 = 10-2 0.001 = 10-3 0.000 001 = 10-6 0.000 000 001 = 10-9 0.000 000 000 001 = 10-12 0.000 000 000 000 001 = 10-15 0.000 000 000 000 000 001 = 10-18 tera gig a mega kilo heto* deka* dei* enti* milli miro nano pi o femto atto T G M k h da d m }J n p f a *To be avoided where possible. 6 7
Notes 0\J.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1976-211-345/94