Updating of the Finnish Drainage Basin System and Register Case VALUE Juha Oksanen 1, Matti Joukola 2, Riitta Teiniranta 2, Jaakko Suikkanen 2, Tapani Sarjakoski 1 1 Department of Geoinformatics and Cartography, Finnish Geodetic Institute (FGI) 2 Geoinformatics Unit, Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Saturday 23rd Wednesday 27th June 2012, Istanbul, Turkey Finnish Partnership for Research on Natural Resources and the Environment
Contents Terminology Current Data VALUE Facts, Input Data and Products Data quality in VALUE Requirements for reporting positional accuracy from the INSPIRE Data Specification Uncertainty-aware drainage basin delineation Future challenges Acknowledgements The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey 2
Terminology Synonyms: Drainage Drainage Divide Divide Catchment Boundary Watershed (UK) Synonyms: Drainage Basin Catchment Catchment Area Drainage Area (River Basin) Watershed (US) Outlet / Pour Point The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey 3 Source: D2.8.I.8 INSPIRE Data Specification on Hydrography Guidelines (INSPIRE_DataSpecification_HY_v3.0.1.pdf)
The Current Data Manual delineation and digitization from 1:50 000 paper maps (1993) Problems in the current system: 1) only 9 sub-basins at each level of label hierarchy limits the number of catchments areas in each level of hierarchy 2) the catchments areas are too large for effective operational use 3) inaccuracy and gross errors 4) inconsistency with the current DEMs 5) requirements of the INSPIRE Data Specification on Hydrography, e.g. the INSPIRE data model, harmonization in transboundary areas (FI-SE, FI-NO), hydroid attribute Need for updating the Finnish drainage basin system VALUE I & II Projects The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey 4
VALUE - Facts OBJECTIVE To create the new system for catchment areas management taking into account the user requirements and INSPIRE specifications PHASE I (2009 2010) To create the principles for constructing the new drainage basin system To develop the methods for data production PHASE II (2011 2013) To design and to develop tools for delineating catchment areas for the user specified outlet and for calculation of land cover characteristics To create the new drainage basin register FINANCIER Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Ministry of Environment, SYKE PROJECT GROUP Riitta Teiniranta, Matti Joukola, Jaakko Suikkanen, Mika Heikkinen SYKE Juha Oksanen, Friederike Schwarzbach, David Eränen FGI Regional Environment Centers (pilot areas) The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey 5
VALUE Input Data Hydrographic data (National Land Survey of Finland, NLS + SYKE) River network (including centerlines in lakes) with a minimum catchment area of 10 km 2 Lakes polygons (1:10 000) Outlets for rivers and lakes DEMs National Digital Elevation Model DEM10, 10 m grid, NLS ASTER GDEM, Global, 30 m grid The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Japan & National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), USA, Terra satellite, ASTER sensor, since1999 Reference data (for DEM error model construction) National LIDAR point clouds, NLS The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey 6
VALUE Products THE NEW DRAINAGE BASIN SYSTEM The register containing catchments for every branch of river network (min. catchment area of 10 km 2, over 25 000 rivers) and every lake with an area over 50 ha (about 4 600 lakes) Currently 5 500 catchments, the new system 20 000 30 000 catchments Non-hierarchical coding supported by database and tools that enables efficient use of system Uncertainty-aware catchment delineations from geomorphologically representative pilot areas delivered as a part of the metadata DATA MANAGERS TOOLBOX Collection of tools for creation and maintenance of the drainage basin register Enables easy updating of flow direction grid when more accurate DEM will be available in the future (Semi)automatic production of drainage basin systems for different purposes (e.g. WFD delineation, Water quality, hydrological monitoring places etc.) INTERACTIVE DELINEATION TOOL Completes catchment areas management Delineation of catchment areas for the user specified outlet Calculation of certain land cover/land use characteristic In house built interactive tools in ArcGIS-environment which utilize data managers toolbox The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey 7
VALUE Products Example Vuoksi Current Finnish Drainage Basin Register Updated Finnish Drainage Basin Register Vuoksi 537 catchment areas 3 242 catchment areas The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey 8
Looking beyond INSPIRE... The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey 9
Positional accuracy of a drainage divide? The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey 10
Monte Carlo method in uncertainty-aware catchment delineation Repeat N times Catchment delineation is repeated many times (100-1000) by using a realization of a stochastic model, which represents the real-world terrain The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey 11
Challenges in uncertainty-aware catchment delineation Future work on... Computational challenges Visualization challenges Challenges related to user experiences The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey 12
Computational challenges Monte Carlo method extremely time consuming With the earlier ArcGIS-based tool 100 simulation runs with the DEM (1560x1341 points) took about 30 minutes Improvements to performace by e.g. efficient algorithms for simulation of stochastic process (process convolution) and pit filling, as well as utilization of General Purpose Graphical Processing Units (GPGPUs) With the current GPGPU-based tool 100 simulation runs with the DEM (1560x1341 points) takes about 10 seconds! The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey 13
GPGPUs in uncertainty-aware catchment delineation ALU = Arithmetic Logic Unit Eränen D. (manuscript). Uncertainty-aware drainage basin delineation from digital elevation models using graphical processing units. Master s Thesis, Åbo Akademi University. Platform for MASSIVE parallelization with very high cost-efficiency New challenges in multi-gpgpu environment Enabling technology for interactivity? The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey 14
Visualization challenges This far, the visualizations have served the needs of scientists without considering the real world use context Within the VALUE project the questions are: How to communicate efficiently about the uncertainty of catchment boundaries to non-expert end users? How to communicate about extremely complex patterns of uncertain catchment boundaries? How to take the scale into account in visualizations? The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey 15
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User experiences Data producer s viewpoint on data quality Scientist s viewpoint on application specific data quality End user What do the real end users think about uncertainty-aware catchment delineations? The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey 18
Acknowledgements Research assistants David Eränen and Friederike Schwarzbach, FGI GIS Specialist Mika Heikkinen, SYKE VALUE I & II funded by the Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Finland, and SYKE INTUIT funded by the Academy of Finland, grant 251987 The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey 19
Thank you! For more information, please... Visit http://www.fgi.fi/fgi/ and http://www.ymparisto.fi/ Google Oksanen DEM error The INSPIRE Conference 2012, Istanbul, Turkey 20