R S h y Tc h N., k F, Jy K. c D Ecc E C Scc Uy ch b 3, Oc b, ch 489 X Cc, c. 5 W. hy D, S, Tx 753 Th h h bh R h bjc by c. y c c h h z c c c. Sch by c h -k c cy b. cc c, h c -- h h ych c k SONET), hch c c h b jc b h c b z. H, k hh- c k h x cxy h SONET x y b. h, cc k y ck c ch cy, hby h x SONET x. Wh by c cy h b k, h j b h c h h x WD) k. Ny, h kh h y, b- b EDF ) c y h bjc by c [S97]. N y h c h by ch ccb, b h c h by ch h ch h y, h c by ch [Jck]. Th b EDF hyc c. F, h EDF : h h EDF h c, cc ch h. Sc, h EDF h ~c), hch h h c h h by h WD ch hh h. cqc h c EDF, h ch h ch h., c-, y h by ch y c, b h by ch. Th qy c bh h by by ch y c by h bc h b, ch ch c - h yc q h c. W h y h hc c EDF c b c by R k h by c. R EDF by c h. F, R h y. Wh yc cc ch h, h yc y R h h c EDF. Sc, R h y cy h ~3-6 c), hby h b c h c. Th
chcc R by h hh h hh h h b hch h c. Fy, hh c h c, R y ch y h ch hh h EDF. Wh yc EDF y b -, R y b ycy h -8k. h h h h hh, cy c b, h k- b ch y h h h b ch. Oh h h c R c EDF c / ch [Kk, Kkb, Ch, Chb]. W y c h bh R h bjc by c. c, c h x c cc y ch h X Cc. W h bh b R DR), R LR), hyb, c DR by LR. h TD- h, ch h b ch, h. cc hyb x h y b cc h TD-. Fy, cc c, h R c h bh EDF. Th ch h c R x, chq y c c.. S V T h R c b c b, c hc c q. F y, h c q cb R c k h [3, 89] z z = = - - h h c, - h b cc qc > ), h R cc. ccy h c c b xc h c h b z c. Th b xc k h y c b h h ch h. Th y b h h h c c cc by h c - / h q b. F, q c b ch. F ch q cb, ' cc - c. F ' h qcy h, h h c h y c -, > '. / '
, ch q cc - c. Th y c y c hch >. F cc c h R, ' cy c hc cb c R c h c SE R c) Ryh c. c, h c R c b c ccy cc h b R. Fh, b cc h.., ) c. F bh, hc h c q c. hh h b q y h h y, c by c c by k h c -y c. h, h b q by c ch h ch z=), hch k -y c z=, ). Hc, h h q c h y by c b h b. T h c q, c h h c q bk h b. F cy, h cy c x cy h xc. T cc h cc h c, h. c, h ch xc y b h y c R c. Th c b h c ch, h cc h x h ch xc c h R c h c b h h. Th x h cc c h h c. Th cc y cc 3. h c h h, c b, c R c ch. c c h h by cc h q h b h b c. Wh h q q c h b c h y, x h h ch h h 3 h h cccy. hh xcy h, h h h b c h h h b k c. W c h hh h by c h h b. Th, h b. Ech c h jc, h c h h j h j bck. h, h b q h y h h b, h c h h h b. Th c h c R, b Ryh c. Th c h c, h c, -h, - x c. F h c h c c h c. U S F. bck h x hyb, b R. h c x, h b c R b R DR) R LR) c R c. Th DR c c xy hy k SF-8 b, h h R c c xy 6 k c b. T c 3
b c, h c- h..., h h b, h h h h, h h c- h b. S 396, 46, 47, 455, 47, 55 S 45, 48, 445, 476, 59.5 8 k SF-8 3 k DK 8 F. Exy hyb, b R h c h y h, h h c c- h. Th c b - by X.., hy c h c bch c b h chcz h cc., c h h ~4) c h h cc c c / x, c,, c. hh h h h, b h y b h h ccz X Cc, h c bh h ck h h cc. T bh h c b xc h TD-, h h h. Th ch b c b 549.3 56.6 h Hz ch c. Th ch -3 h 6., h h LR j y h h k. T b h c by ch, by ch c 548.5 h h h by c b) 56.4 h h by c b) h -3 CW ch. F by ch, h c c h c h by ch. c, h 8 ch by h by ch c. F h c, h h by c, h h ch y. Nc y c c by - R c h c -y, h c ch xc cc y ch z h q ). W -- h ch b DR -, hch ch h y h b h R. - c cc, h c h c c h xy.5 k k.5 c c) h. Thy h y. Th yc h c h h qb h h c, h, c h h R ~3. THz) ch h c-. F x, h h x h h h h, h h h b by h h h h b c h h. h h - c y qb h h c. - 4
- c h cc b R. ch c, h h c c h h by h h hch y b h h h. h by h h h h h h h c c h cb h c. y ch bh b b h bh c h c, h.. S DR, LR, Hyb W by DR, LR hyb, hch y cb h. Th h h b h DR, hch b ch h h c y h. Hc, h cy b by z. h y ch h c bck h. Th, b h bh h - h c ch h by c., h c c by k h 8 ch b y, h h by ch k c. F. h h DR ch 549.3, 55.5, 557.36, 56.6 by ch) ch 548.5 56.4 by ch). Th c h h -- cyc h by ch. Th hz x by x, h c h hh 8 k b DR c ~773 c). Th c by ch 548.5 & 56.4-3 CW ) ) R D -8.5-9 -9.5 - -.5-548.5 549.3 55.5 -.5 4 6 8 4 6 T DR R T) F. DR 557.36 56.6 56.4.5.5.5 5
-.8 ) -.9 R D - -. -. -.5 4.4 4.6 4.8 5 5. 5.4 T DR R T) 548.5 549.3 55.5 557.36 56.6 56.4 F. - DR h h by ch) x h h ch. Th X hyb xy h DR c by xy h LR c hy c h c [3]. Cqy, h 548.5 hh h 56.4. Th ky h DR h h c h h by by h h by c y. F. h b h c h h 557.36, 56.6 56.4 ), h F.3 b h c h h h 548.5 549.3 ). Th h by 548.5 ch by ~.5 k--k h 8 by ch b 549.3 56.6. Nc h h y h ch - - by b h--. Th bc h by c h b, h b h h h b h - ). Rc h h h c c., h c cy h b h DR b, bby c xy h hh c h h h..5.5.5 6
) R D by ch 548.5 & 56.4-3 CW ) -8.3-8.4-8.5-8.6-8.7-8.8 -.5 4.4 4.6 4.8 5 5. 5.4 T DR R T) 548.5 549.3 55.5 557.36 56.6 56.4.5.5.5 F.3 - DR h h h by ch) ccy, h b c h bh. h c h -- c. Sc h h h b, h c c h R c. Th h bh h h h ch h c h by ch. F h h h by ch c.., F.), h - c c h h b h ch, c h h ch b by h by ch. O h h h, h h h h by ch c.., F.3), h c c h h b h ch, c h by ch b by h h h ch. Th c, h h c b c h h hh c h h h. c h - c h c, h x c ch c b h h y ch.., ch ). Tb h y- ch x c ch h by ch by ch) h DR, LR hyb. hy h h hyb ch xy j h h ch h DR LR c. Tb : Sy S x Ch DR, LR Hyb DR Ch [].55.55) 548.5 55.5 554.94 557.36 56.4.4.4) 7.34.35).8.36).
.55).4).35).36).5) LR Ch [].75.764.79.89.757).86).84).94) Hyb Ch [].39.36.39.3.39).36).39).399) N: y ch x c ch).879.388).383.366) F.4 h h bh LR, hch ~6k DCF b. Th h LR c h DR :.., h h h DR LR c h h b. Th -- h, h k, h h LR ch h h DR, hc h c h LR h by c. h X, c h h LR xy h h, h 56.4 hh h 548.5. F.5 b- h bh h h ch 55.5, 557.36, 56.6 56.4 ). Th y c h LR, h c ~.3 k--k c.., Tb ). Th h ch - - y by xy h h DR, c h hh h DR c b ch h LR. Th LR ~.75 h DR bc h ch h h DCF b. Th c h bh c h hh c h h h h ch h LR b.., h h. DR ). ) c D.5 9.5 9 8.5 548.5 549.3 55.5 8 -.5 4 6 8 4 6 T DR R T, Dc =.75 DR R T) F.4 LR 557.36 56.6 56.4.5.5.5 8
).3.. c D 9.9 9.8 548.5 549.3 55.5 9.7 -.5 4.5 4.55 4.6 4.65 4.7 T DR R T, Dc =.75 DR R T) F.5 - LR 557.36 56.6 56.4.5.5.5 Wh hyb, h bh h b by h LR. F x, F.6 h h h hyb h DR by h LR b) 8 by ch b 549.3 56.6-3 ) by ch 548.5 56.4-3 c )., F.7 h b h h ch 56.6 56.4 ), h F.8 h b h h h ch 548.5 549.3 ). Th x c h h h by ch 548.5 ~.3 k--k, h h x c h h by ch 56.4 ~.36 k--k c.., Tb ). Sc h hyb bh by h LR c, h h. h DR. H, bh b h DR. Th h c bh -- c, h h bh h h h ch. Th h b h by ch, hy c h h by ch c F.7). O h h h, h h h bb by h by ch, hy c h h by ch c F.8). Th c h bh, y h LR. 9
) b C ) b C.5 -.5 - -.5 - -.5 4 6 8 4 6 548.5 549.3 55.5 557.36 56.6 56.4 T DR R T, Dc =.75 DR R T) Cb DR + Dc h 8 - h Hz c F 549.3.6 Hyb 56.6-3 DR ) by ch 548.5 & 56.4-3 CW DR ) -.5 -. -. -.3 -.4 548.5 549.3 55.5 -.5 -.5 4.5 4.55 4.6 4.65 4.7 T DR R T, Dc =.75 DR R T) 557.36 56.6 56.4.5.5.5.5.5 W T -
F.7 - hyb h h by ch) ) b C.5.4.3.. -.5 4.5 4.55 4.6 4.65 4.7 F.8 548.5 549.3 55.5 T DR R T, Dc =.75 DR R T) 557.36 56.6 56.4 - hyb h h h by ch) V. S Ex TD-N Th x h TD- h bh R by c c h F V.. Sb-b R S ) y b h b h k b. Th y b q h cy h c h h y, c h S h h. Th h x c R DF) by ~8k TW-RS b by DR/LR cb 3DF). Sc h h c h LR SF-8 b, h h k bc by h SF-8 b h. h b y.5b/, h, h h x h SF-8 b b q..5.5.5
8 ch Hz-c 549-56 -4 by ch 7-4 OC-48 ch S #3 D SSF 75k S DF SSF 4k S C cb OSC S #3 D SSF 75k 3DF SSF TW-RS F V. TD- S T c h xc -c c, SF-8 hyb.., 8k SF-8 b DR LR DCF) by TW-RS hyb.., 8k TW-RS b DR LR DCF). hh h h SF-8 y h b h y b DR, h h c h h h c ~.5.., h by ~.5) h DR., h c h h h SF-8 hyb, xc h h h DR c h c z TW-RS b c SF-8. h c, h -c by 8 by ch h Hz c 549.3 56.6 ch h -3 DR ) by ch 548.5 56.4 ch h -3 c DR ). F V. h h cb h cc hyb R. F h ch b, h cb y j h h hyb
) b C 8 k SF-8 DR + Dc + 8 k TW-RS DR + Dc h 8 - h Hz c 549.3 56.6-3 DR ) & by ch 548.5 & 56.4-3 CW DR ).5 -.5 - -.5 - -.5 548.5 549.3 55.5-3 -.5 4 6 8 4 6 T DR R T, Dc =.75 DR R T) 557.36 56.6 56.4.5.5.5 F V. S TD- ) b C 8 k SF-8 DR + Dc + 8 k TW-RS DR + Dc h 8 - h Hz c 549.3 56.6-3 DR ) & by ch 548.5 & 56.4-3 CW DR ) - -. -.4 -.6 -.8-3 -.5 5.5 5. 5.5 5. 5.5 F V.3 3 548.5 549.3 55.5 T DR R T, Dc =.75 DR R T) 557.36 56.6 56.4 - TD- h h by ch).5.5.5 W T - D
) b C 8 k SF-8 DR + Dc + 8 k TW-RS DR + Dc h 8 - h Hz c 549.3 56.6-3 DR ) & by ch 548.5 & 56.4-3 CW DR ).8.6.4. F V.4 548.5 549.3 55.5 -.5 5.5 5. 5.5 5. 5.5 T DR R T, Dc =.75 DR R T) 557.36 56.6 56.4 - TD- h h h by ch) R. Th c ch b.64 k--k, h bh h ch by b - hh 8k DR. Th y h hh cc DR c b ch h. F V.3 h b- h h h ch 56.6 by ch 56.4 by ch), h F V.4 h b- h h h h ch 548.5 by ch 549.3 by ch). b, h h - c h h h c h by ch. Th h by h by ch, h h h h bb by h by ch. N h h bh h h cb bh c, h h LR h DR..5.5.5 V. S L Cc, C h EDF C y h x h TD-, ky q h h by c c cc R. h k h c h bh x h EDF c, c c c b b h R h EDF. c, h cc hyb, hch c c b 96k. Th hyb R b. ch, h h b ~ xc c h b. b, h c by h 8 by ch -- y, - by ch c b h bh by by ch. 4
F V. h h xc xy c h 554.94 ) h h h h cc ch h by c. D h y h h, h ch h ch h by hy h - ch DR. c, h bh h h,, 3, 4 h, 8 h h h, hh y h h bh. Th xc xy y h h b, h h h h x xc ~3.44 k--k. N h 3.44 by q.87, hch c h c ch Tb 554.94. Th hy h h h xc h b h c h R xy, h h b y. Cc 8k SF-8 DR F) +6 k DCF Dc h.4 8 W 554.94.5 W by ch 548.5 & 56.4 3 ).5 b C.5.5 -.5-4 6 8 F V. 554.94 554.94-554.94-3 T DR R T, Dc =.75 DR R T) S cc hyb R 554.94-4 554.94-8 554.94 -.5.5.5 -.5 5
) b C 3 - - Cc 8k SF-8 DR F) +6 k DCF Dc h.4 8 W 554.94.5 W by ch 548.5 & 56.4 548.5-554.94-56.4 - -3 -.5 6 7 8 9 F V. T DR R T, Dc =.75 DR R T) Th bh h h h.5.5.5 ) b C 3 - - F V.3 Cc 8k SF-8 DR F) +6 k DCF Dc h.4 8 W 554.94.5 W by ch 548.5 & 56.4-3 -.5 7.44 7.46 7.48 7.5 7.5 7.54 7.56 7.58 7.6 T DR R T, Dc =.75 DR R T) 6 548.5-554.94-56.4 - - h bh h h h.5.5.5 W 5 5 4. 9 4
F V. h h bh h h h h hy c by ch 554.94 - by ch h h h 548.5 ) h 56.4 ). Th c h h h h h c ch h h c. F, h by ch -- bh h h h ch. Th x k--k xc h cc ~3.39 56.4, ~3.44 554.94 ~3.5 548.5. b- h bh h h cc h by ch - c F V.3, h ch c b ) h. Th h ch, h h by ch b 554.94 ) h h by ch 548.5 56.4. h h bh y h ~. DR.., c LR ), h h bh ch y cy h h c c h F.7.8 hyb ). W b y - h bh bc h R h xy. Th - c h R k h bck cc h h yc qz. Wh h xc h cc, b hy h h bh. Th y y h c h h) - c, h h h h c h by ch. Th c h h by y. W c h h h cc h c b y h LR DR, hch h h c b h LR ~6k h h DR ~8k ). Fy, h c y h LR, h h ch c h h DR. T S ) 4 8 ch 4 3 4 6 8 4 T ) # #4 #6 #8 # # F V.4 Th yc bh cc EDF ch cy Y. S) Th bh cc EDF h c [S97]. c, hy c h 8 h h TD-, b hy 4 ch b h h h 4 ch. W h F V.4 h c b h R EDF c. Th ky c b h R EDF c h c h h R 7
hy, h h EDF y. c h EDF y, h h c. Cqy, cc h ch EDF, h k xc c c h EDF c y h. hh h k xc ch, h yc bh h EDF ch c h cc. ccy, h h bc cy bh h cc. Hc, bck yc qz c y cc c. V. Dc S h b h h c by ch DR, LR hyb R. h TD- h, h c c by 8 by ch h y h z. Th by ch by ch. Th c k--k ch ~.5 h DR, ~.3 h LR ~.36 h hyb. h c b h - c, h ch h c h ch h. c b, h c h c h hyb : h c h LR c h DR. Th x R h TD- h. F h k b NS NRL, cc hyb. Th bh h cc y j h bh ch. Th c k--k ch ~.64, h c - c h c. Fy, cc hyb, c c ~96k. Th c h bh EDF. Th ky c b h R c h EDF c h y h h R c h h y bh EDF. T c b b h R EDF c. F, h h xc R xy y h h b, h xc c EDF. hh h y k R, h ch ch h R. O h h h, ch h EDF y, h xc b y EDF. Sc, h h c -- x h R cc, h EDF c h yc bh bc cc h ch. Th xy c bh h R ch k bck yc qz cc h bh. Th h h c bck h R y ch by h by ch k by ch. cc h ~.64 ch h TD- x ccb, h h c c b b chq. F x, bck c b h R h c b j c h b ch. Sc h y ch y c h ~5-8 cc), h bck h b by., Rc Chb h h h h c b h q bck c h. chq h b c h ch y ch ) h hy c hh h R., bc h c y, h y ch c b ch. Th R c hy 8
b, h y ch c b h h b. y, h bh R by c c h b, h ch b ch k h b- b. Th R h b c bc hh y.., c ). E h c c 8 ch h TD- b b y, h ch bh h by ch by ch b h ~.36 k--k hyb. Wh c cc hyb R, h k--k xc xy y h h b, b h c h bh xy h. Th h R c b by h bck c h by y ch hy c. c h c h ch y ~5-8 cc), h ch chq c b h ch cy. Rc [Ch] C.-J. Ch W. S. W, T c R, Ec. L.,. 37,. 6,. 37-37, [Chb] C.-J. Ch, J. Y, W. S. W, Y.-W. L,.-C. H, Y. C,. J., J. S., H.-S. T, H. K. L, S. Cb, Y. S, C c b R, Ec. L.,. 37,.,. 34-35, [Kk].,. Kk, L.. Rch, C- R b : Ex, EEE h. Tch. L.,. 4,. 9,. 6-63, [Kkb]. Kk., Ch / R b : Ex, J. Lh Tch.,.,. 9,. 68-687, [S97] Y. S, J. L. Zyk,. K. S,,, hyc Eb- b, EEE J. Sc. T. Q Ec.,. 3,. 4,. 99-7, 997 [3] R Tcc,. N. E), S, SN - 387-75-,, 3 [89] N b c,.., cc, SN --454-9, 989 [Jck] J. Jck, T., S. cn, J., c ck h ONET DC k, ECOC D..9, 9