DISC Introduction
What is DISC offering? DISC is a cognitive map of human Behaviour, it s a System. DISC is a mental model, a contemporary construct, a system for explaining behavior mine, yours and the behavioral expectations of the environment. DISC is a system used to explain behavior and personality in a way that opens a doorway of communication. DISC is a universal language, easily observable and one of the most highly validated instruments of its kind. DISC style identifies the interaction of four factors, but strongly argues against any form of labeling people. DISC measures the needs-driven motivation portion of our personality. Copyright 1993, Revised 2000; John G. Geier, Ph.D.; Dorothy E. Downey, M.S.; Copyright CE.TOP Training & Consulting KG,2005 page 2
People are different Since 400 Years before Christ we observe and describe behaiviour differences. The Typ -Description are since 2400 years stable. D I Direct Dominant Decisive Influencing Interactive Inspiring C S Correct Cautious Compliant Stable Steady Secure Copyright 1993, Revised 2000; John G. Geier, Ph.D.; Dorothy E. Downey, M.S.; Copyright CE.TOP Training & Consulting KG,2005 page 3
Empedokles 483 423 BCE Tetrasomia, doctrine of four elements: fire, air, water, earth Two forces, love and strife separate and unite Sign of the regular body Attitutes Element zodiac (Platon) (Aristoteles) (Astrology) Fire Tetraeder warm + dry Aries, Leo, Sagittarius Cancer, Scorpio, Water Ikosaeder cool + moist Pisces Gemini, Libra, Air Oktaeder warm + moist Aquarius Taurus, Virgo, Earth Cube cool + dry Capricom Elementarwe sen Salamander Undinen (water Sylphs Gnome Copyright 1993, Revised 2000; John G. Geier, Ph.D.; Dorothy E. Downey, M.S.; Copyright CE.TOP Training & Consulting KG,2005 page 4
Hippokrates 460 377 BCE Four humours: hot and moist blood, moist and cold phlegm, cold and dry atrabile, hot and dry choler (black bile) Health comes from a balance of the humours in the body Certain people have a natural tendency to an excess of one or other of the humours creating their temperament sanguineous, phlegmatic, bilious and melancholic Copyright 1993, Revised 2000; John G. Geier, Ph.D.; Dorothy E. Downey, M.S.; Copyright CE.TOP Training & Consulting KG,2005 page 5
Platon 429 347 BCE Five elements form geometric solids Air: cold, light, quick blue octahedron Fire: hot, red, active tetrahedron Water; large moist white icosahedron Earth: large dry, yellow hexahedron Ether (aither): neutrality, spaciousness, invisibility dodecahedron Copyright 1993, Revised 2000; John G. Geier, Ph.D.; Dorothy E. Downey, M.S.; Copyright CE.TOP Training & Consulting KG,2005 page 6
Aristoteles 384 322 BCE Four Powers (dunamies) form the elements: hot, cold, wet, dry Each element has a dominant power Hot and cold are active powers, wet and dry are passive powers The elements transform into each other Copyright 1993, Revised 2000; John G. Geier, Ph.D.; Dorothy E. Downey, M.S.; Copyright CE.TOP Training & Consulting KG,2005 page 7
Copyright 1993, Revised 2000; John G. Geier, Ph.D.; Dorothy E. Downey, M.S.; Copyright CE.TOP Training & Consulting KG,2005 page 8
Galen (Galenos) 129 199 BCE Prolific writer, documented the development of medicine from Hippocrates His treatise on the humours remained the authority on humoral medicine until 16th century Describes how the faculties or powers of the soul follow the temperaments of the body Copyright 1993, Revised 2000; John G. Geier, Ph.D.; Dorothy E. Downey, M.S.; Copyright CE.TOP Training & Consulting KG,2005 page 9
1098-1179 Hildegard von Bingen Wrote on the relationship between the humours and temperament 1599 Ben Jonson Every Man Out of His Humour 1724-1804 Immanuel Kant Translated Galen into German. Described the sanguine type as light-blooded, the choleric as warm-blooded, the melancholic as heavy-blooded, and the phlegmatic as cold-blooded 1832-1920 Wilhelm Wundt Four-factor model: intensity of reaction (dry-moist), speed of reaction (hot-cold) 1924 Elsenhans Temperaments have to do with feeling states: strong-weak, persistent-alternating 1916-1997 Hans Eysenck Hot-cold = extroversion-introversion, moist-dry = neuroticism-stability Copyright 1993, Revised 2000; John G. Geier, Ph.D.; Dorothy E. Downey, M.S.; Copyright CE.TOP Training & Consulting KG,2005 page 10
hot cool moist dry More Powerful Less Powerful Favorable Unfavorable Fire Water Air Earth choleric phlegmatic sanguine melancholic Dominance Submissive Inducement Compliant Copyright 1993, Revised 2000; John G. Geier, Ph.D.; Dorothy E. Downey, M.S.; Copyright CE.TOP Training & Consulting KG,2005 page 11
Dr. William M. Marston, an expert in behavioral understanding, first identified the concept of the modern DISC behavioral system. (He was also the inventor of the polygraph.) In 1926 he published "The Emotions of Normal People" in which he outlined the current language of DISC. He grouped people along two axis: either active or passive tendencies dependent upon their either antagonistic or favorable view of the environment. From this, the four styles were formed: D (Drive), I (Influence), S (Steadiness), and C (Compliance). Since Marston, many individuals have contributed to the maturation of the DISC. Prof. Dr. John Geier is the most distinguished psychologist who brings DISC into a new generation. It became a common tool for the US military's recruiting process before the second World War. Today, DISC is used in numerous ways, including counseling and relationship enhancement, employment assessment, conflict resolution,team building, personal development, career development guidance, and as a communication insights tool. Copyright 1993, Revised 2000; John G. Geier, Ph.D.; Dorothy E. Downey, M.S.; Copyright CE.TOP Training & Consulting KG,2005 page 12
Prof. Dr. John Geier Copyright 1993, Revised 2000; John G. Geier, Ph.D.; Dorothy E. Downey, M.S.; Copyright CE.TOP Training & Consulting KG,2005 page 13
History of Geier s DISC Personality Profile Bill J. Bonnstetter Target Training/Tracy 1991 Insights Andy Lothian 1928 William Marston Emotions of normale People 1966 John Geier Performax 1972 Personal Profile System DISC 1979 CLC/Inscape 1990 Geier Learning 1990 DISG-Training 2004 persolog GmbH 1950-1960 Clark/Cleaver 1965 Thomas Hendricksen 1990 Thomas Profil Copyright 1993, Revised 2000; John G. Geier, Ph.D.; Dorothy E. Downey, M.S.; Copyright CE.TOP Training & Consulting KG,2005 page 14