B F Schutz AEI, Potsdam, Germany and Cardiff University, Wales, UK. The GWIC Roadmap

AEI, Potsdam, Germany and Cardiff University, Wales, UK The GWIC Roadmap

GWIC (http://gwic.ligo.org) 2

GWIC The Gravitational Wave International Committee, was formed in 1997 to facilitate international collaboration and cooperation in the construction, operation and use of the major gravitational wave detection facilities world-wide. It is affiliated with the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics as a sub-committee of IUPAP's Particle and Nuclear Astrophysics and Gravitation International Committee (PaNAGIC). GWIC is also affiliated with the International Society on General Relativity and Gravitation. Chair: Jim Hough* (Glasgow, GEO) Executive Secretary: Stan Whitcomb* (Caltech, LIGO) Members: ACIGA Jesper Munch, University of Adelaide ALLEGRO William O. Hamilton, Louisiana State University AURIGA Massimo Cerdonio, University of Padua and INFN Einstein Telescope Michele Punturo, INFN-Perugia EXPLORER/NAUTILUS Eugenio Coccia, University of Rome "Tor Vergata" (http://gwic.ligo.org) European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) Michael Kramer, Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy GEO 600 Karsten Danzmann*, AEI and University of Hannover LIGO/LSC Jay Marx*, California Institute of Technology David Reitze, University of Florida LISA Thomas Prince, California Institute of Technology Bernard Schutz, AEI Robin Stebbins, Goddard Space Flight Center Stefano Vitale*, University of Trento MiniGRAIL and other Spherical Acoustic Detectors, Giorgio Frossati, Leiden University NANOGrav Andrea Lommen, Franklin and Marshall College Parkes Pulsar Timing Array (PPTA) Dick Manchester, Australia Telescope National Facility (ATNF) TAMA/CLIO/LCGT Seiji Kawamura, National Astronomical Observatory (Japan) Kazuaki Kuroda*, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo VIRGO Francesco Fidecaro, University of Pisa Benoit Mours*, LAPP-Annecy Theory Community Clifford Will*, Washington University, St. Louis 2

Roadmap 3

Roadmap Gravitational wave detection is characterized by a large number of groups, distributed around the world, cooperating with one another on technology, data analysis, observation scheduling, and so on. GWIC s job is to coordinate this cooperation, including providing perspectives on its future. As GW groups look for significant funding they compete with other astronomers, astroparticle physicists, and fundamental physicists. The Roadmap attempts to provide the community s perspective on the motivation and priorities for building new detectors. Its audience is the GW community itself, our funding providers, and decision-making scientists in related fields. 3

Scientific Opportunities 4

Scientific Opportunities Fundamental physics 4

Scientific Opportunities Fundamental physics o What are the properties of gravitational waves? 4

Scientific Opportunities Fundamental physics o What are the properties of gravitational waves? o Is general relativity the correct theory of gravity? 4

Scientific Opportunities Fundamental physics o What are the properties of gravitational waves? o Is general relativity the correct theory of gravity? o Is general relativity still valid under strong-gravity conditions? o Are Natureʼs black holes the black holes of general relativity? o How does matter behave under extremes of density and pressure? Astronomy and Astrophysics o How abundant are stellar-mass black holes? o What is the central engine behind gamma-ray bursts? o Do intermediate mass black holes exist? o Where and when do massive black holes form and how are they connected to the formation of galaxies? o What happens when a massive star collapses? o Do spinning neutron stars emit gravitational waves? o What is the distribution of white dwarf and neutron star binaries in the galaxy? 4

GWIC s Recommendations: 1 5

GWIC s Recommendations: 1 Recommendation - We recommend that GWIC sponsor a series of workshops, each focused on the status and development of a particular critical technology for gravitational wave instruments. These workshops will help promote exchange of ideas, provide visibility and encouragement to new efforts in critical areas of technology development, and help bring to bear the combined resources of the community on these problems. Recommendation - We recommend that GWIC organize a workshop to elucidate the scientific benefits of interferometers in Japan, Australia and possibly India, as a way to encourage further international support and recognition of the potential scientific contributions of these facilities as part of the global network of groundbased gravitational wave detectors. 5

GWIC s Recommendations: 2 6

GWIC s Recommendations: 2 Recommendation - We recommend that GWIC work with the international ground-based gravitational wave community to plan how to optimize the scientific capabilities of a future third-generation network. Specifically, GWIC, in collaboration with any design study groups in the various regions and countries, should organize meetings to assist the community to understand and establish science-driven requirements (e.g. frequency range, sensitivity), possible interferometer designs and configurations, technologies, optical layouts, site configurations and orientations, etc. that would optimize the scientific potential of the network. 6

GWIC s Recommendations: 3 7

GWIC s Recommendations: 3 Recommendation - We recommend that GWIC endorse the scientific importance of the Einstein Telescope and encourage the next steps needed to allow construction of ET to begin in the 2016/17 time frame soon after the expected first gravitational-wave discoveries have been made, and the technology development for ET well understood. Recommendation - We recommend that GWIC support the gravitational wave community in setting the launch of LISA in 2020 to open the low-frequency window from 0.1 mhz to 0.1 Hz as the highest priority for a space mission. 7

GWIC s Recommendations: 4 8

GWIC s Recommendations: 4 Recommendation - We recommend that GWIC support and advocate for a strong and ongoing international program of theoretical research in general relativity and astrophysics directed toward enabling a quantitative understanding and interpretation of gravitational-wave signals. Recommendation - We recommend that GWIC plan an outreach campaign focused on engaging public, school and political audiences with the excitement, promise and gains to society of the science and technology of gravitational wave astronomy. 8

GWIC s Recommendations: 5 9

GWIC s Recommendations: 5 Recommendation - We recommend that GWIC plan an outreach campaign focused on the astronomy, astrophysics and other relevant scientific communities. The primary goal of this campaign would be to engage the interest of such scientists in the work underway in gravitational wave astronomy and astrophysics, and to foster collaboration and scientific exchanges. We recommend, for example, that GWIC encourage and facilitate multi-messenger collaborations between the gravitational wave, electromagnetic and neutrino astronomy communities. GWIC sponsored workshops with attendees from these communities would be an effective step in this direction. The outreach campaign should be developed and organized by a standing GWIC subcommittee. 9

Schedules 10

Sensitivities 11

Prospective Developments 12