High School Level Glossary Integrated Algebra Glossary / Translation of Integrated Algebra terms based on the Coursework for Integrated Algebra Grades 9 to 12. Word-for-word glossaries are used for testing accommodations for ELL/LEP students THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234 Last Updated: April 2016
GLOSSARY ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS ENGLISH SPANISH THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234 P 16 Office of Elementary, Middle, Secondary and Continuing Education and Office of Higher Education Office of Bilingual Education and Foreign Language Studies http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/biling/ THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK Regents of the University BETTY A. ROSA, Chancellor, B.A., M.S. in Ed., M.S. in Ed., M.Ed., Ed.D.... Bronx T. ANDREW BROWN, Vice Chancellor, B.A., J.D.... Syracuse NAN EILEEN MEAD, B.A.... Manhattan JOSEPHINE VICTORIA FINN, B.A., J.D.... Albany BEVERLY L. OUDERKIRK, B.S., M.S.... Saratoga ELIZABETH. S. HAKANSON... Onondaga CATHERINE COLLINS, B.S., M.S., Ph.D.... West New York JAMES R. TALLON, R., B.A., M.A.... Binghamton ROGER TILLES, B.A., J.D... Great Neck JUDITH JOHNSON, B.A., M.A., Ed.D.... Mid-Hudson LUIS O. REYES, B.A., M.A., Ph.D.... New York LESTER W. YOUNG, JR., B.S., M.S., Ed. D.... Oakland Gardens CHRISTINE D. CEA, B.A., M.A., Ph.D.... Staten Island WADE S. NORWOOD, B.A.... Rochester JUDITH CHIN, B.S., M.S.,... Queens KATHLEEN M. CASHIN, B.S., M.S., Ed.D... Brooklyn JAMES E. COTTRELL, B.S., M.D... New York Commissioner of Education President of The University of the State of New York MARYELLEN ELIA Executive Deputy Commissioner ELIZABETH BERLIN The State Education Department does not discriminate on the basis of age, color, religion, creed, disability, marital status, veteran status, national origin, race, gender, genetic predisposition or carrier status, or sexual orientation in its educational programs, services and activities. Portions of this publication can be made available in a variety of formats, including Braille, large print or audio tape, upon request. Inquiries concerning this policy of nondiscrimination should be directed to the Department s Office for Diversity, Ethics, and Access, Room 530, Education Building, Albany, NY 12234. Requests for additional copies of this publication may be made by contacting the Publications Sales Desk, Room 319, Education Building, Albany, NY 12234. NYS LANGUAGE RBE RN AT NYU PAGE 1 2012
Problem Solving algebraically concept conjecture constraint equivalent formulate generalization graphically multiple representations numerically parameter pattern relative efficiency strategy verbally Reasoning and Proof Appropriate approximation argument claim conclusion conjecture counterexample explain inductive reasoning logical argument mathematical conjecture proof refute systematic approach validity Venn diagram Hesabu za Mafumbo ki-aljebra dhana kisia kizuizi sawa na unda Ujumuishaji kwa njia ya grafu uwasilishaji anuwai kwa tarakimu paramita ruwaza ubora kiasi mkakati kwa maneno Kufikiria na Ushahidi Inayofaa ukadiriaji hoja dai hitimisho kisia mfano kinzani fafanua kufikiria kijumla hoja ya kimantiki kisia ya hisabati uthibitisho kanusha mbinu ya kimpangilio uhalali mchoro wa venn 1
verify thibitisha Communication accuracy analyze argument coherent communicate comprehension conclusion conjecture decoding elicit equation evaluate extend formula function graph interpretation mathematical visual rationale standard (mathematical) notation strategy table technical writing terminology valid Connections coherent whole concept connection formulate physical model Mawasiliano usahihi changanua hoja ya kufungamana wasiliana ufahamu hitimisho kisia usimabaji shawishi mlinganyo tathimini ongeza kanuni kitendaji grafu ukalimani hisabati ya kuona uwiano mwandiko wa kawaida (hisabati) mkakati jedwali uandishi wa kiufundi istilahi halali Miunganisho yote madhubuti dhana muunganisho unda modeli halisi 2
procedure quantitative model representation utaratibu modeli kiasi uwakilishi Representation angle of elevation array chart compare diagram equation function graph interpret mathematical phenomena organize physical phenomena profit record social phenomena symbol table technology translate Number Sense and Operations absolute value algebraic problem arithmetic operation arrangements (permutations) associative property closure property commutative property counting techniques decimal Uwakilishi pembe ya mwinuko safu chati linganisha mchoro mlinganyo kitendaji grafu kalimani matukio ya hisabati panga matukio halisi faida rekodi matukio ya kijamii ishara jedwali teknolojia tafsiri Ufahamu wa Nambari na Matumizi thamani kamili fumbo la aljebra matumizi ya hesabu mipangilio (hitari) tabia husika tabia ya kufunga tabia huru mbinu za kuhesabu desimali 3
denominator discount distributive property exponential expression expression factorial field fraction Fundamental Counting Principle group identity property inverse property like/unlike radical terms number theory numerator percent of increase/decrease product properties of the Real numbers proportionality/direct variation quotient radical radicand real numbers scientific notation simplest form variable Algebra acute angle adjacent side/angle algebraic equation algebraic expression algebraic fraction analyze asili kipunguzo sifa ya kusambaza maonyesho ya kujieleza maonyesho zao mtiririko eneo sehemu Kanuni Kuu ya Kuhesabu kikundi tabia tambulishi tabia ya kinyume milinganyo inayofanana/isiyofanana nadharia ya namba kihesabu asilimia ya ongozeko/punguzo zao tabia za nambari halisi tofauti ya uwiano/moja kwa moja hisa kipeo kipeo nambari halisi mwandiko wa kisanyansi umbo rahisi kabisa tofauti Aljebra pembe kali upande/pembe ya karibu mlinganyo wa aljebra mlinganyo wa kialjebra sehemu ya aljebra changanua 4
axis of symmetry kipenyo pacha binomial vipeo coefficient kizidishi common base kizio cha kawaida complement of a subset inayosaidiwa na seti ndogo coordinates viambatanishi cosine kosi dependent tegemezi difference of two perfect squares utofauti wa miraba miwili kamili element elementi equation mlinganyo exponent namba kipeo exponential growth and decay ukuaji na uozo kipeo expression maonyesho factoring inazingatia fractional expression maonyesho ya sehemu greatest common factor (GCF) kigawo kikubwa cha shirika (KKS) hypotenuse kiegana independent variable viwango huru inequality isiyo sawa integer kamili integral coefficient kizidishi muhimu integral exponent namba kipeo muhimu integral root(s) kipeo muhimu intersection of sets mkingamo wa seti interval notation mwandiko wa muda lead coefficient kizidishi kinachoongoza legs of a right triangle miguu ya pembetatu ya kulia line parallel to the x- or y-axis mstari unaolingana na jira ya x- au y- linear equation in one variable mlinganyo wa mstari katika tofauti moja linear inequality in one variable mstari kutokuwa sawa katika tofauti moja literal equation mlinganyo halisi lowest terms fraction sehemu ya chini ya maneno monomial monomi 5
multiplication property of zero opposite side/angle parabola parallel polynomial product properties of exponents proportion Pythagorean Theorem quadratic equation quantitative quotient ratio relation right angle right triangle root(s) of an equation roster form set set-builder notation sine slope solution set subset sum system of linear inequalities systems of linear equations tangent translate (from verbal to symbolic) trigonometry trinomial undefined union of sets universal set uzidishaji wa tabia ya sufuri upande/pembe mkabala parabola sambamba namba nyingi zao tabia za namba kipeo uwiano Kanuni ya Kipaithegorasi mlinganyo wa mraba kiasi hisa uwiano uhusiano pembe mraba pembetatu mraba kizio cha mlinganyo fomu ya mahudhurio seti mwandiko wa kijenzi cha seti sini mteremko seti ya suluhisho seti ndogo jumla mifumo ya mistari isiyolingana mifumo ya milinganyo ya mstari mstari mguso tafsiri (kutoka maneno kwend ishara) Trigonometria trinomi haijaainishwa umoja wa seti seti majumui 6
variable verbal expression verbal sentence vertex x-axis y-axis Geometry absolute value function angle area axis of symmetry of a parabola circle coefficient cylinder decagon exponential function function generalize geometric shape graph of a relation hexagon investigate nonagon octagon ordered pair parabolic function parallelogram pentagon perimeter polygon quadrilateral quarter-circle rational coefficient tofauti maonyesho ya vitenzi sentensi ya vitenzi kipeo jira ya x jira ya y Jiometri namba tegemezi ya thamani kamili pembe eneo jira picha ya parabola duara kizidishi silinda pembe kumi kipeo husisho kitendaji jumlisha muundo wa kijiometri grafu ya uhusiano pembe sita chunguza pembe tisa pembe nane jozi iliyoagizwa namba tegemezi mfano msambamba pembetano mzingo poligoni pembe nne duara-robo kizidishi cha uwiano 7
rectangle rectangular solid regular polygon relation rhombus roots of a parabolic function sector of a circle semi-circle spatial reasoning square surface area trapezoid triangle vertex visualization volume Measurement appropriate unit conversion cubic unit error linear measure linear unit magnitude measurement system rate relative error square unit unit Statistics and Probability appropriateness biased bivariate mstatili mstatili thabiti poligoni ya kawaida uhusiano msambamba sawa kipeo cha namba tegemezi mfano sehemu ya duara duara nusu uwazaji nafasi mraba eneo la juu msambamba tenge pembetatu kipeo taswira sauti Vipimo kizio kinachofaa mgeuzo kizio ukubwa hitilafu kipimo cha mstari kizio mstari ukubwa mfumo wa vipimo kiwango hitilafu kiasi kizio mraba kizio Takwimu na Uwezekano kufaafu upendeleo tofauti mbili 8
box-and-whisker plot calculated probability categorize causation central tendency complement conditional probability correlation cumulative frequency distribution table cumulative frequency histogram data dependent events dependent variable element empirical probability experimental design extrapolation favorable event finite sample space five statistical summary frequency distribution table histogram independent events independent variable interpolation line of best fit linear transformation maximum mean measure of central tendency median minimum mode mutually exclusive events grafu ya kuonyesha usambazaji wa data uwezekano uliohesabiwa panga sababu tabia kuu kikamilisho uwezekano wa masharti uwiano jedwali la usambazaji wa masafa ya histogramu ya masafa ya kulimbikiza data matukio tegemezi kigeugeu tegemezi elementi uwezekano wa jarabati muundo wa kujaribu bashiri thamani ya tarakimu tukio linalofaa nafasi ya sampuli yenye kikomo mihtasari mitano ya kitakwimu jedwali la usambazaji wa masafa histogramu matukio huru viwango huru ujazo nambari mstari unaofaa vyema mabadiliko ya mstari upeo wa juu wastani kipimo cha tabia ya kati wastani upeo wa chini modi matukio ya pamoja ya kipekee 9
not mutually exclusive events percentile rank probability qualitative quantitative quartiles (specifically: first, second, third or lower, middle, upper) range sample space scatter plot series univariate sio matukio ya pamoja ya kipekee daraja la asilimia uwezekano kijumla kiasi robo (hasa: ya kwanza, ya pili, ya tatu au ya chini, ya katikati, ya juu) safu nafasi ya sampuli mpango wa kugawanya mfululizo tofauti moja 10