CERAMAH FIZIK 2013 SMS SERI PUTERI (TKS) 1.Diagram 1.1 shows identical spherical plasticine balls, A and B, before being released from the same height. Diagram 1.2 shows the state of the plasticine balls when they hit the wood and the sponge. Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan dua bola plastisin yang serupa, A dan B, sebelum dilepaskan pada ketinggian yang sama. Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan keadaan bola plastisin itu bila ia mengenai kayu dan span. Plasticine A/ plastisin A Plasticine B/ plastisin B Diagram 1.1 Diagram 1.2 (a) (i) What is meant by momentum? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan momentum.. [ 1 mark /markah] (ii) Compare the change of momentum of Plasticine A and B Bandingkan perubahan momentum bagi plastesin A dan B. [ 1 mark / markah] (iii) Compare the time of impact with the ground by A and B. Bandingkan masa pelanggaran dengan lantai bagi A dan B [1 mark / markah] (iv) Compare the forces experience by A and B as they land on the ground. Bandingkan daya yang dialami oleh A dan B bila ia mendarat... [ 1 mark / markah ]
(b) Based on your answer at 1(a)(iii) and 1(a)(iv), state the relationship between the time of impact and the force experience by the plasticine balls as they land. Berdasarkan pada jawapan anda di 1(a)(iii) dan 1(a)(iv) nyatakan hubungan antara masa pelanggaran dan daya yang dialami oleh bola plastesin tersebut bila mereka mendarat [ 1 mark / markah ] (a) The mass of plasticine A is 0.05 kg and the velocity before the impact is 5 ms -1. Calculate the momentum just before the impact. Jisim plastisin A ialah 0.05 kg dan halaju sejurus sebelum hentaman ialah 5 ms -1. Hitungkan momentum sejurus sebelum hentaman. [ 2 marks / markah ] 2. Diagram 2.1 and Diagram 2.2 shows two identical eggs released from the same height and drop on surface A and surface B respectively. Rajah 2.1 dan Rajah 2.2 menunjukkan dua biji telur yang serupa dilepaskan dari ketinggian yang sama dan jatuh di atas permukaan A dan permukaan B masing-masing. Egg Egg ot break Breaks Surface A Surface B Diagram 2.1 Diagram 2.2 (a) (i) What is meant by impulse? [ 1 mark ] Apakah maksud impuls? [1 markah ] (ii) Using Diagram 2.1 and Diagram 2.2, compare the force on the eggs, the time of impact and the change in momentum that strike surface A and surface B. [ 3 marks ] Menggunakan Rajah 1.1 dan Rajah19.2. bandingkan daya yang dikenakan keatas telur, masa tindakan dan perubahan momentum yang dikenakan pada permukaan A dan permukaan B. [ 3 markah ]
(iii) State the relationship between the force on the eggs and the time of impact on surface A and surface B. [ 1 mark ] Nyatakan hubungan antara daya ke atas telur dan masa tindakan pada permukaan A dan permukaan B. [ 1 markah ] (b) Diagram 2.4 shows the speed limit and the load limit of heavy vehicles such as buses and lorries. Rajah 2.4 menunjukkan had laju dan had muatan bagi kenderaan berat seperti bas dan lori. Diagram 2.4 (i) Using concept of momentum and inertia, explain why the speed limit and load limit must be imposed on heavy vehicles. [ 5 marks ] Dengan menggunakan konsep momentum dan inersia, terangkan mengapa had laju dan had muatan mesti dikenakan ke atas kenderaan berat [ 5 markah ] (c) Diagram 2.5 shows a car speeding on a road. Diagram 2.6 shows the car crashed on an object. Due to the lack of safety features, the driver sustained serious injury. Diagram 2.5 Diagram 2.6
The following are few facts concerning the car: (i) (ii) (iii) The car stopped too suddenly upon hitting the object The driver was thrown out of the car, breaking the glass of the windscreen. Sharp pieces of glass from the shattered windscreen cut the head of the driver. (iv) (v) The accident occurred at night. The driver did not see the object until it was very near. The front part of the car collapse Berikut adalah beberapa fakta tentang kereta itu : (i) Kereta itu berhenti dalam masa terlalu singkat semasa menempuh objek itu. (ii) Pemandu kereta dihumban keluar daripada kereta lalu memecahkan cermin depan kereta. (iii) Serpihan kaca daripada cermin depan yang pecah menghiris kepala pemandu. (iv) Kemalangan berlaku pada waktu malam.pemandu kereta tidak nampak objek depan sehingga ia sangat dekat. (v) Bahagian depan kereta kelihatan kemek. Based on the above facts, suggest various features to be added to the car to improve its safety standard and explain how each feature can help to reduce injury of the driver. [10 marks] Berdasarkan fakta-fakta di atas, cadangkan ciri-ciri yang boleh dipasangkan pada kereta untu menambahbaikkan mutu keselamatan. Terangkan bagaimana setiap cirri boleh mengurangkan kecederaan pemandu kereta. [10 markah] 3.