Biology B Course Summary This is the second of two courses that comprise Biology. This course is designed to prepare the student to confidently enter and complete college-level biology courses. The Glencoe Science series text, Biology: The Dynamics of Life, provides the basis for the course content. The course consists of varied curriculum that provides the student the opportunity to explore, compare, research, reflect, and make real-world connections. The student will complete traditional lessons as well as engage in hands-on explorations and virtual simulations to enhance his comprehension of key concepts. Throughout the course, the student will identify characteristics of viruses, bacteria, protists, and fungi, compare plant and animal species, describe how plants and animals adapt to their environments, and analyze the basic structures of the human body systems. 1. Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, and Fungi 1. Viruses Identify the different kinds of viruses and their structures Compare and contrast the replication cycles of viruses 2. Archaebacteria and Eubacteria Compare the types of prokaryotes Explain the characteristics and adaptations of bacteria Evaluate the economic importance of bacteria 3. The World of Protists Identify the characteristics of the Kingdom Protista Compare and contrast the four groups of protozoans 4. Algae: Plantlike Protists Compare and contrast the variety of plantlike protists Explain the process of alternation of generation in algae 5. Slime Molds, Water Molds, and Downy Mildews Contrast the cellular differences and life cycles of the two types of slime molds Discuss the economic importance of the downy mildews and water molds 6. What is a Fungus? Identify the basic characteristics of the fungi kingdom Explain the role of fungi as decomposers and how this role affects the flow of both energy and nutrients through food chains 7. The Diversity of Fungi Identify the four major phyla of fungi Distinguish among the ways spores are produced in zygomycotes, ascomycotes, and basidiomycotes Summarize the ecological roles of lichens and mycorrhizae 8. Unit Review 9. Unit Test 10. Virtual Microscope Lab Use a compound microscope view specimens under different magnifications Use a compound microscope to measure specimens 2. Plants 1. Adapting to Life on Land Compare and contrast characteristics of algae and plants Identify and evaluate structural adaptations of plants to their land environments Describe the alternation of generation in land plants
2. Survey of the Plant Kingdom Describe the phylogenic relationships among divisions of plants Identify the twelve plant kingdom divisions 3. Nonvascular Plants Identify the structures of nonvascular plants Compare and contrast characteristics of the different groups of nonvascular plants 4. Non-Seed Vascular Plants Evaluate the significance of plant vascular tissue to life on land Identify and analyze the characteristics of the non-seed vascular plant divisions 5. Seed Plants Identify and analyze the characteristics of seed plants Analyze the advantages of seed and fruit production 6. Lab: Researching Trees on the Internet Research the characteristics of five different tree species Conclude which tree species would be most suitable for planting along the streets in your community 7. Plant Cells and Tissues Identify the major types of plant cells Distinguish among the functions of the different types of plant tissues 8. Roots, Stems, and Leaves Identify and compare the structures of roots, stems, and leaves Describe and compare the functions of roots, stems, and leaves 9. Plant Responses Identify the major types of plant hormones Identify and analyze the different types of plant responses 10. Life Cycles of Mosses, Ferns, and Conifers Review the steps of alternation of generations Survey and identify methods of reproduction and the life cycles of mosses, ferns, and conifers 11. Flowers and Flowering Identify the organs of a flower Examine how photoperiodism influences flowering 12. The Life Cycle of a Flowering Plant Survey and identify the methods of reproduction, growth, and development in flowering plants Outline the processes in which cells differentiate during the formation of seeds and fruits and during seed germination 13. Unit Review 14. Unit Test 3. Invertebrates 1. Typical Animal Characteristics Identify the characteristics of animals Identify cell differentiation in the development of a typical animal Sequence the development of a typical animal 2. Body Plans and Adaptations Compare and contrast radial and bilateral symmetry with asymmetry Trace the phylogeny of animal body plans Distinguish among the body plans of acoelomate, pseudocoelomate, and coelomate animals
3. Sponges Relate the sessile life of sponges to their food-gathering adaptations Describe the reproductive adaptations of sponges 4. Cnidarians Analyze the relationships among the classes of cnidarians Sequence the stages in the life cycle of a cnidarian Evaluate the adaptations of cnidarians for obtaining food 5. Flatworms Distinguish between the structural adaptations of parasitic flatworms and freeliving planarians Explain how parasitic flatworms are adapted to their way of life 6. Roundworms Compare and contrast the structural adaptations of roundworms and flatworms Identify the characteristics of four roundworm parasites 7. Mollusks Identify the charcteristics of mollusks Compare the adaptations of gastropod, bivalve, and cephalopod mollusks in their biomes 8. Segmented Worms Describe the charcteristics of segmented worms and their importance to the survival of these organisms Compare and contrast the classes of segmented worms 9. Characteristics of Arthropods Relate the structural and behavioral adaptations of arthropods to their ability to live in different habitats Analyze the adaptations that make arthropods an evolutionarily successful phylum 10. Diversity of Arthropods Compare and contrast the similarities and differences among the major groups of arthropods Explain the adaptations of insects that contribute to their success 11. Echinoderms Compare similarities and differences among the classes of echinoderms Interpret the evidence biologists have for determining that echinoderms are close relatives of chordates 12. Unit Review 13. Unit Test 14. Virtual Squid Dissection Lab Identify and describe the functions of the major external features of a squid Identify the major structures of the circulatory, respiratory, digestive, and nervous systems of a squid Compare the anatomy of a squid to the anatomy of a human 4. Vertebrates 1. Fishes Relate the structural adaptations of fishes to their environments Compare and contrast the characteristics of the different groups of fishes Interpret the phylogeny of fishes 2. Amphibians Relate the demands of a terrestial environment to the adaptations of amphibians
Relate the evolution of the three-chambered heart to the amphibian lifestyle 3. Reptiles Explain how reptile adaptations make them suited to life on land Compare the characteristics of different groups of reptiles 4. Birds Explain how bird adaptations make them suited to life on land Relate bird adaptations to their ability to fly Interpret the phylogeny of birds 5. Mammal Characteristics Distinguish mammalian characteristics Explain how the characteristics of mammals enable them to adapt to most habitats on Earth 6. Diversity of Mammals Distinguish among the three groups of living mammals Compare reproduction in egg-laying, pouched, and placental mammals 7. Innate Behavior Distinguish among the types of innate behavior Demonstrate, by example, the adaptive value of innate behavior 8. Learned Behavior Distinguish among types of learned behavior Demonstrate, by example, types of learned behavior 9. Unit Review 10. Unit Test 11. Virtual Frog Dissection Lab Identify and describe the functions of the major external features of a frog Identify the major structures of the circulatory, respiratory, and digestive systems of a frog Compare the anatomy of a frog to the anatomy of a human Describe the advantages and disadvantages of performing virtual dissections rather than actual ones 5. The Human Body 1. Skin: The Body's Protection Compare the structure and functions of the epidermis and dermis Identify the role of the skin in responding to external stimuli Outline the healing process that takes place when the skin is injured 2. Bones: The Body's Support Compare the different types of movable joints Describe how bone is formed Identify the structure and functions of the skeletal system 3. Muscles for Locomotion Classify the three types of muscles Analyze the structure of a myofibril Interpret the sliding filament theory 4. Following Digestion of a Meal Interpret the different functions of the digestive system organs Outline the pathway food follows through the digestive tract Identify the role of enzymes in chemical digestion 5. Nutrition Recognize the contribution of the six classes of nutrients to body nutrition Identify the role of the liver in food storage Relate caloric intake to weight loss or gain
6. The Endocrine System Describe the internal feedback mechanism controlling hormone levels in the body Contrast the actions of steroid and amino acid hormones Identify and interpret the functions of some of the hormones secreted by endocrine glands 7. The Nervous System Analyze how nerve impulses travel within the nervous system Interpret the functions of the major parts of the nervous system Compare voluntary responses and involuntary responses 8. The Senses Define the role of the senses in the human nervous system Recognize how senses detect chemical, light, and mechanical stimulation Identify ways in which the senses work together to gather information 9. The Effects of Drugs Recognize the medicinal uses of drugs Identify the different classes of drugs Interpret the effects of drug misuse and abuse on the body 10. The Respiratory System Identify the structures involved in external respiration Contrast external and cellular respiration Explain the mechanics of breathing 11. The Circulatory System Distinguish among the various components of blood among blood groups Trace the route blood takes through the body and heart Explain how heart rate is controlled 12. The Urinary System Describe the structures and functions of the urinary system Explain the kidneys' role in maintaining homeostasis 13. Human Reproductive Systems Identify the structures and functions of the male and female reproductive systems Summarize the internal feedback control of reproductive hormones Sequence the stages of the menstrual cycle 14. The Nature of Disease Outline the steps of Koch's postulates Describe how pathogens are transmitted Explain what causes the symptoms of a disease 15. Defense Against Infectious Diseases Identify the cells, tissues, and organs that make up the immune system Compare innate and acquired immune responses Distinguish between antibody and cellular immunity 16. Unit Review Review the concepts presented in the unit 17. Unit Test 6. Final Review and Exam 1. Biology B Final Review Identify strategies that you will use to prepare for your exam Organize your time and study materials Review your notes, answers to lesson questions and assessments, and key vocabulary terms 2. Biology B Final Exam