IAVCEI Kagoshima Japan 16 July to 10 August 2013 Report. Festus Tongwa AKA Gregory TANYILEKE Luc SIGHA IRGM

0 IAVCEI Kagoshima Japan 16 July to 10 August 2013 Report By Festus Tongwa AKA Gregory TANYILEKE Luc SIGHA IRGM August 2013

1 Outline of contents List of acronyms Summary 1 Introduction 2 Results 2.1 IAVCEI General Assembly 2.1.1 Presentations 2.1.2 Mid-conference fieldtrip Sakurajima Volcano 2.1.3 Mid-conference fieldtrip 10,000 year old Japanese houses 2.2 IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Lakes (CVL-8) meeting 2.2.1 Presentations 2.2.2 Samples 2.3 Commission on Volcanic Lakes (CVL-9) meeting in Cameroon 2.4 Visit to Japanese laboratories 2.4.1 Scientific equipment 2.4.2 Meeting with Cameroonian PhD students & their supervisors 2.4.2.1 Toyama University 2.4.2.2 Tokai University 2.4.2.3 Tokyo Institute of Technology 2.5 Visit to JICA Headquarters in Tokyo Midterm evaluation 2.5.1 Terms of reference of midterm evaluation 2.5.2 Evaluation team 2.5.2.1 Japanese side 2.5.2.2 Cameroonian side 2.5.2.3 Joint Coordination Committee (JCC) 2.5.2.4 Tentative schedule of the evaluation 2.6 New machine for pulley-driving CTD in lake studies 3 Conclusions and recommendations 3.1 Conclusions 3.2 Recommendations Acknowledgments Appendix I Program of activities during the trip Appendix II List of participants at the IAVCEI and CVL-8 meetings

2 List of Acronyms AAS CO2 CTD CVL CVL-8 DPC DR EU He HNO3 IAVCEI IC IRGM JCC JICA JST MINATD MINEPAT MINRESI MM MoU MR PhD SATREPS TIT UNDP Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Carbon dioxide (gas) Conductivity-Temperature Depth (sampler) Cameroon Volcanic Line Commission on Volcanic Lakes (8 th meeting) Department of Civil Protection (MINATD) Directeur de Recherche (Chief Research Officer) European Union Helium (gas) Nitric acid International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth s Interior Ion Chromatography Institute of Geological and Mining Research (MINRESI) Joint Coordination Committee Japan International Cooperation Agency Japan Science and Technology Agency Ministry of Territorial Administration and Decentralization Ministry of Economy, Planning and Regional Development Ministry of Scientific Research & Innovation Minutes of Meeting Memorandum of Understanding Maître de Recherche (Senior Research Officer) Doctor of Philosophy Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development Tokyo Institute of Technology United Nations Development Program

3 Summary Three researchers of the Institute for Geological and Mining Research (IRGM) (Drs. Luc Sigha, Greg Tanyileke and Festus Aka) undertook a scientific mission to Japan from 16 July to 10 August 2013. The mission had 5 main goals: - Participate in the 2013 General Assembly of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth s Interior (IAVCEI) - Participate in the 8 th meeting of the IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Lakes (CVL-8) - Present a bid for Cameroon to host the 9 th meeting of the IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Lakes (CVL-9) in 2016 - Hold meetings with Cameroonian PhD students and their supervisors in Japanese Universities - Hold a meeting with authorities of the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) in Tokyo The 3 Cameroonian researchers joined 6 Cameroonian students in Japanese Universities, as well as our Japanese counterpart scientists (Profs. Takeshi Ohba, Minoru Kusakabe, Akira Ueda, Yoshida Yutaka) in the SATREPS IRGM Project to participate in the IAVCEI and CVL meetings. Main results of the visit are: Six oral and one postal presentations were made by Cameroonians and their Japanese counterparts at the IAVCEI meeting Five oral and 2 postal presentations were made by Cameroonians and their Japanese counterparts at the CVL-8 meeting We won the bid for Cameroon to host the 2016 IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Lakes (CVL-9) We visited Cameroonian students in their laboratories (Toyama & Tokai Universities, and Tokyo Institute of Technology), and had discussions relating to their PhD work with the students and their Japanese supervisors. JICA is planning the midterm evaluation of the SATREPS - IRGM project in October/November of 2013.

4 1 Introduction Three researchers from the Institute for Geological and Mining Research (IRGM - Drs. Greg TANYILEKE, Luc SIGHA and Festus AKA) made a trip to Japan from the 16 th of July to the 10 th of August 2013. The aims of the mission were to: (i) Participate in the 2013 General Assembly of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth s Interior (IAVCEI) (ii) Participate in the 8 th meeting of the IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Lakes (CVL-8) (iii) Present a bid for Cameroon to host the 9 th meeting of the IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Lakes (CVL-9) in 2016 (iv) Hold meetings with SATREPS PhD students and their supervisors in Japanese Universities. SATREPS stands for Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development. SATREPS-IRGM is a 5-year (2011 2016) Cameroon-Japan cooperative research project aimed at studying Lakes Nyos and Monoun and building human and infrastructural capacity for Cameroon (v) Hold a meeting with authorities of the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) in Tokyo. JICA and the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) are the main Japanese sponsors of the SATREPS-IRGM project. IAVCEI is an international scientific association that represents the primary international focus for: (1) research in volcanology, (2) efforts to mitigate volcanic disasters, and (3) research into closely related disciplines, such as igneous geochemistry and petrology, geochronology, volcanogenic mineral deposits, and the physics of the generation and ascent of magmas in the upper mantle and crust. The 2013 meeting of IAVCEI took place in Kagoshima, Japan from 20 24 July 2013 on the theme Forecasting Volcanic Activity. Approximately 1,070 participants from 43 countries took part in the IAVCEI 2013 scientific sessions, with 1,200 presentations. Cameroonian participants included the 3 researchers from IRGM and 6 Cameroonian students on SATREPS PhD programs in Japanese Universities.

5 IAVCEI has many commissions, one of which is the Commission on Volcanic Lakes (CVL), the aims of which are to study volcanic lake science that includes volcanology, limnology, geochemistry and biology/toxicology. The IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Lakes held its 8 th meeting (CVL-8) in Kumamoto and Hokkaido (Japan) from 25 th to 31 st of July 2013. Forty seven participants from 16 countries took part in this meeting, during which some 43 oral and poster presentations were made. Nine Cameroonians participated. A successful bid was made to host the 2016 CVL meeting in Cameroon. This report outlines the activities carried out (Appendix I) and gives the results obtained during the 16 July to 10 August mission to Japan. Appendix II gives a full list of participants at the CVL-8 meeting, while Appendix III is the bid of Cameroon to host CVL-9. 2 Results 2.1 IAVCEI General Assembly 2.1.1 Presentations Table 1 shows the oral and postal presentations made by Cameroonians and their Japanese counterparts during the IAVCEI meeting. Table 1 Presentations made at the IAVCEI meeting N o Presenter Code Title 1 Festus Aka (oral) 1A1_3B-O2 Depth of melt segregation below the Nyos maardiatreme volcano (Cameroon, West-Africa): majortrace element evidence and their bearing on the origin of CO2 in Lake Nyos 2 Mengnjo Jude Wirmvem (oral) 1P1_1E-O18 Age dating volcanic springs in the Western Highlands of Cameroon, along the Cameroon Volcanic Line: a multi-tracer approach 3 Boris Chako (oral) 3P1_3F-O19 Eruptive history of the Barombi Mbo maar, southwest Cameroon, Central Africa: constraints from tephrostratigraphic analysis of phreatomagmatic deposits 4 Takeshi Ohba (oral) 4A1_3I-O3 Chemical structure of Lakes Nyos and Monoun, Cameroon 5 Kazuto Saiki (oral) 4A1_3I-O4 Estimation of vertical profile of dissolved CO2 concentration in Cameroonian volcanic lakes using sound velocity of lake water 6 Katsuro Anazawa 4A1_3I-O7 Surface and ground water chemistry in the vicinity of

6 7 (oral) Issa (poster) 4W_3I-P9 Lake Nyos Variation of water isotopes and control mechanisms in lakes of the Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL), Cameroon (West-Africa) 2.1.2 Mid Conference fieldtrip Sakurajima volcano A mid conference fieldtrip was organized on the 22 of July. All three of us (Aka Tanyileke & Sigha) were on the M1 Ibusuki course. We were lucky to see Sakurajima volcano explosions during the trip (Fig. 1) (a) (b) Fig. 1 Sakurajima volcano on our arrival in the afternoon of 22 July (a) and a few minutes after (b - note the thick volcanic plume that came out from the position shown by the arrow in (a)). 2.1.3 Mid Conference fieldtrip 10,000 year old Japanese houses Another interesting stop during the fieldtrip was at the Uenohara Jomon-no-mori Archaeological Museum where a reconstruction of ancient dome-shaped pit dwellings (Figs. 2a & b), stone formations, earthen pit ovens, and other parts of a 10600 year old Japanese village have been excavated and preserved in the museum. Japanese people at this time survived on hunting and gathering fruits. This kind of 10600 years old habitat, now very preciously preserved only in museums, is similar to the present day habitat and lifestyle of the Baka Pygmies of the Congo Basin (Cameroon, Gabon, and Congo). These hunting and fruit-gathering people of west central Africa have dome-shaped houses

7 called mongulus (Figs. 2c & d), made of young tree branches or leaves and often derogatorily called huts. (a) (b) (c) Fig. 2 (a) Museum drawing of a 10600-year old Japanese dwelling. (b) Reconstruction of the dome-shaped dwelling in (a). These are similar to the present day mongulus of the Baka Pygmies in the Congo Basin. (c & d from http://www.pygmies.org/baka/camps.asp, viewed August 2013. These are called Ndapechum in Bakosi land. (d) 2.2 IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Lakes (CVL-8) meeting 2.2.1 Presentations Table 2 shows the oral and postal presentations made by Cameroonians and their Japanese counterparts during the CVL-8 meeting. Table 2 Presentations made at the CVL-8 meeting N o Presenter Title 1 Wirmvem M.J (oral) Physico-chemical and isotopic composition of some lakes and springs in the Bamenda Highlands, North West Cameroon 2 Asaah Asobo (oral) Regional extent of magmatic CO2 in crater lakes of the Oku Volcanic Group: Constrains from petrogenesis and relation with

8 3 Ohba T (oral) 4 Kusakabe M (oral) 5 Yoshida Y (oral) 6 Issa (poster) 7 Tiodjio E (poster) 8 Tchakam Boris (poster) tectonic events New findings at Lake Monoun in 2013 by the cooperative research project between Japan and Cameroon under SATREPS program Decoupling of CO2 and He in deep water of Lake Nyos, Cameroon: implications for spontaneous gas exsolution and the sub-lacustrine CO2-recharge system Temporal change in CO2 content of Lake Nyos in recent years Diffuse CO2 emission from certain crater lakes located on the Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL): A contribution to global carbon cycle budget and CO2-related hazard assessment in Cameroon Bacterial community composition in the Nyos (Cameroon) watershed: Preliminary results Hydrogeochemistry and groundwater quality in Nyos area about three decade after the CO2 gas burst (North-western Cameroon) 2.2.2 Samples Lake and spring samples were collected on Tuesday July 30 from the Noboribetu spa area in Hokkaido Island for inter-laboratory comparison. Table 3 shows the list of samples and Fig. 3 shows the sampling. The samples were filtered through 0.45 μm filter and collected in duplicate, with one sample acidified using 20 wt% nitric acid (HNO3). Different groups that collected the samples will have them analyzed and the results compared. Table 3 Samples collected during CVL-8 N o Locality Lat Long Temp ( o C) ph 1 Lake Oyunuma 42.501901 141.146325 2 Noboribetu spa 42.491621 141.144217 49.7 2.7 3 Taishoujigoku pond 42.501163 141.144217 59.6 2.5 4 Jigoku Dari No. 1 (spring) 55.8 1.4

9 Fig. 3 Ohba, Jude and Aka collect samples at Taishoujigoku pond. 2.3 Commission on Volcanic Lakes (CVL-9) in Cameroon We prepared and presented a bid for Cameroon to host the 2016 meeting of the IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Lakes (CVL-9). The other contender was the Philippines, whose bid was presented by Prof. Alain Bernard. The full presentation is given in the Appendix III of this report, but its highlights included: Argument for Africa to host the CVL (8 others have been held in Europe, the Americas and Asia) Lakes Nyos and Monoun among the other over 40 crater lakes on the Cameroon Volcanic Line Presence of active Mt. Cameroon Potential logistic support from MINRESI, about 10 other Ministries (MINATD, MINEPAT etc) and our international partners (e.g., European Union (EU) and UNDP that are involved in the Lake Nyos rehabilitation program) Possibility for CVL-9 meeting participants to run the 2016 Mt. Cameroon Race of Hope, or simply climb the volcano on a leisurely trip The fact that 2016 will be the end of our SATREPS IRGM project, an opportune moment to make the international scientific community know the results of over 30 years of research on the Lakes Nyos and Monoun catastrophes of the mid 80s. By 2016, Lakes Nyos and Monoun areas would have been safe from gas emissions and dam collapse, clearing the way for a coordinated return of

10 the population to their ancestral roots. An international meeting like CVL-9 will be an appropriate medium to announce this to the world. The peaceful state of Cameroon The varied and very good food in Cameroon, etc. The meeting will take place near the beach in Limber on the tentative theme IAVCEI CVL and 30 years of the Lake Nyos disaster Voting took place at the end of the 2 presentations (Cameroon and Philippines), and we won overwhelmingly. The country to host the next CVL meeting usually takes over the secretary ship. Dr. Greg Tanyileke & Prof. Ohba were made current CVL secretaries. 2.4 Visits to Japanese laboratories 2.4.1 Scientific equipment As part of institutional capacity building within the framework of the SATREPS IRGM project, Japan is donating some analytical equipment to Cameroon. Equipment already donated to IRGM includes (amongst others): Piccaro water isotope analyzer Ion chromatograph (IC) Milli-Q pure water maker ph meter CO2 flux meter Conductivity-Temperature-Depth sampler (CTD - see below) MK water/gas sampler, etc An analyzer (analytikjena contra300 series) for trace elements has been ordered by Prof. Ohba, and will be installed in IRGM next October. Requirements for the installation of this equipment include adequate ventilation systems and acetylene and nitrogen gases. The gas tanks have to have specific secondary pressure reducers (1.2 1.5 bars for acetylene and 5 bars for nitrogen).

11 We visited Prof. Ohba s laboratory in Tokai University in order to have an appreciation of the right conditions needed for the installation of the AAS in Cameroon. These (shown in Fig. 4) are: Secondary pressure reducers Tubing diameter Ventilation system 2 1 3 4 Secondary pressure reducer & tubing 1 Tank head V 2 A 3 4 Secondary pressure reducer & tubing details Back of contraa300 (A) with its ventilation (V) Fig. 4 System to prepare for the installation of contra300 series analyzer in IRGM

12 2.4.2 Meetings with Cameroonian PhD Students and their supervisors 2.4.2.1 Toyama University Two Cameroonian SATREPS students are carrying out PhD research in Toyama University. 4 5 6 3 2 1 7 Fig. 5 Meeting (1 7 = Sigha, Kusakabe, Edwige, Tanyileke, Aka, Ueda and Brice) in Prof. Ueda s office in Toyama (01 August 2013). Fig. 6 Ms. Edwige, explains her work in the biochemistry laboratory

13 These are: Ms. Edwige Tiodjio (Fig. 6) doing hydrobiology (bacteria community and chemical analyses) in the Lake Nyos watershed. Her administrative supervisors are Profs. Akira Ueda and Minoru Kusakebe, while her academic supervisor is Prof. Shogo Nakamura. Ms. Edwige explained her work in her laboratory to us. Her work is going on well. It was agreed at the meeting that in addition to the hydrobiology of Lakes Nyos and Monoun, Ms. Edwige will investigate the biological effects of siderite precipitation in Lake Nyos and also carry out biochemical studies in Lake Barombi Mbo. She is scheduled to undertake her second PhD fieldwork in Cameroon by the end of 2013. Mr. Tchakam Kamtchueng Brice (No.7 in Fig. 5) Themes for this student are (1) Hydrogeochemistry and groundwater quality in Lake Nyos area; (2) Groundwater flow simulation in relation to water flux in the Lake Nyos watershed; (3) CO2- rock water interaction in Lake Nyos; (4) Groundwater chemistry in the Lake Monoun area; and (5) Groundwater chemistry in Yaoundé. Dr. Luc Sigha hinted that at least 2 PhDs have been produced on the groundwater chemistry in Yaoundé. It was therefore agreed that Brice will base his PhD work on themes 1 4 above. Doctor Anazawa will pass the data already generated on groundwater chemistry of the Lake Nyos area to Mr. Tchakam and they will publish together. Profs. Kusakabe and Ueda are the administrative supervisors while Prof. Chan is the academic supervisor of Tchakam. The minimum requirement for obtaining a PhD in Toyama University is publication of at least 3 papers with the candidate appearing as first author in at least one of them. Given that these students have covered half the designated period of 3 years for their PhD, but have not yet published, they were exhorted to work harder and publish because no extension will be granted after the 3 years are over. 2.4.2.2 Tokai University Three Cameroonian SATREPS students are carrying out PhD research in Tokai University. These are:

14 Mengnjo Jude Wirmvem working on the hydrogeochemistry of Ndop Plan (Northwest Region of Cameroon). He is being supervised by Prof. Takeshi Ohba. He has published 3 papers into his PhD and his work is going on well and is on schedule. Issa working on the limnology of Cameroonian lakes. He is being supervised by Prof. Takeshi Ohba. He has published 2 papers into his PhD. His work is going on well and is on schedule. Chako Tchamabe Boris working on the lithostratigraphy of Lake Barombi-Mbo. His has one paper accepted for publication. His work is going on well. Issa and Chako are scheduled to undertake the last parts of their PhD fieldwork in Cameroon during the end of 2013. 2.4.2.3 Tokyo Institute of Technology (TIT) Asobo Nkengmatia Elvis A is the Cameroonian SATREPS student carrying out PhD research in TIT. He is working on the petrogenesis of volcanic rocks of the Oku region. He has submitted one paper and his work is going on well. Asobo will undertake the second part of his PhD fieldwork in Cameroon by end of 2013. Fig. 7 (Left) Ready to enter the clean room of Yokoyama Laboratory in TIT (Right) Asobo (Cameroonian student) explains things in the lab.

15 2.5 Visit to JICA Headquarters in Tokyo Midterm evaluation Accompanied by Prof. Takeshi Ohba, we paid a visit to the Headquarters of the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) on 5 th August 2013. We met with the Director of SATREPS project in the JICA Tokyo office (Mr. Yonebayashi Norihito) and his deputy (Ms. Doi Yuriko). Our discussions (Fig. 8) focused mainly on the join midterm evaluation of the SATREPS IRGM project scheduled for October - November 2013. Fig. 8 A meeting with the Prof. Ohba & Mr. Yonebayashi Norihito, the Director of SATREPS project in the JICA Tokyo office (5 th August 2013) 2.5.1 Terms of reference of midterm evaluation Evaluate how well the equipment donated to IRGM is being maintained (availability of appropriate conditions for the proper functioning of the equipment) Evaluate how well the equipment donated to IRGM is being used (functional status of the equipment, data generated and publications made from the data) Evaluate how well the equipment donated to IRGM is being used for capacity building (how many students have been trained from state Universities or other Cameroonian institutions on the use of the equipment)

16 Evaluate whether IRGM will be able to keep and maintain the equipment after the end of the SATREPS project, i.e., can the equipment be used to carry out analyses that will generate enough money to keep them running? How well is IRGM respecting her part of the cooperation (counterpart contribution as defined in the Memorandum of Understanding MoD, e.g., provision of logistics, support of Cameroonian scientists/technicians to carry out work within the project etc) How well are the results of the research being applied to the society (workshop with stake holders and local people in the Lakes Nyos and Monoun areas) 2.5.2 Evaluation team 2.5.2.1 Japanese side 01 Japanese consultant (to be hired by JICA Japan) 02 scientists (Profs. Takeshi Ohba and Kusakabe Minoru) 02 People from JICA Japan 02 people from Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) 2.5.2.2 Cameroonian side 02 consultants (to be nominated from outside MINRESI) 01 person from the Department of civil protection (DPC) 03 people from IRGM 2.5.2.3 Joint coordination Committee (JCC) A Joint coordination Committee (JCC) meeting will be held after the join evaluation exercise. The main aim of the JCC will be to validate the evaluation results and make recommendations on the future road map of the project.

17 2.5.2.4 Tentative schedule of the evaluation Oct 19: Japanese consultant arrives Cameroon Oct 21 26: Japanese consultant works with Cameroonian consultants (meet Cameroon team, visits to Lakes Nyos and Monoun, etc) Oct 27: Writing of consultant reports Oct 28: Arrival of other Japanese members (JICA, JST, Profs; Ohba and Kusakabe) Oct 29 Nov 05: Evaluation proper (meet DPC, hold site workshops etc) Nov 06: JCC meeting in Yaoundé (final validation of the evaluation) Nov 07: Final report to JICA office Yaoundé 2.6 New machine for pulley-driving CTD in lake studies We visited Kurayoshi and met Mr. Nishio, a Japanese engineer who has accompanied the SATREPS Japanese team to Lakes Nyos and Monoun many times. Mr. Nishio has designed a machine (Fig. 9) that can be used to pulley-drive the Conductivity- Temperature-Depth probe in lake studies in Cameroon. The use of such a machine will reduce the risk of losing the CTD into the lake as was the case recently. The machine was tested on the 7 th of August in Mr. Nishio s workshop in the presence of Mr. Yutaka Yoshida (SATREPS engineer) and us.

18 a b Fig. 9 Testing the machine to pulley-drive CTD. (a) Mr. Nishio lifts the machine to demonstrate its not so heavy weight Mr. Yoshida watches. (b)pulley-driving a tyre (foreground) with the machine. 3. Conclusions and recommendations 3.1 Conclusions Doctors Festus Aka, Luc Sigha and Greg Tanyileke, researchers from IRGM paid a visit to Japan from the 16 th of July to the 10 th of August 2013. Together with their Japanese counterparts working on the SATREPS IRGM project and 6 Cameroonian students on SATREPS PhD scholarship in Japanese Universities, they participated in the 2013 General Assembly of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth s Interior (IAVCEI) and also at the 8 th meeting of the Commission on Volcanic Lakes (CVL-8). Altogether, 12 oral and 3 postal presentations were made at these 2 meetings on studies about Cameroonian lakes. We presented and won the bid for Cameroon to host the 2016 meeting of the Commission on Volcanic Lakes (CVL-9). Meetings were held with the SATREPS PhD students and their supervisors in 3 Japanese Universities. All the 6 students are working well. A

19 meeting at the JICA Headquarters in Tokyo resulted in the definitive agreement that a midterm evaluation of the SATREPS IRGM project will take place in Cameroon between the 21 st of October and the 9 th of November 2013. 3.2 Recommendations The fact that Cameroon is hosting the next meeting of the Commission on Volcanic Lakes in 2016 (CVL-9) after Japan in 2013 (CVL-8) is a formidable challenge. It is highly recommended that initial preparations for this meeting begin immediately. For the midterm evaluation of the SATREPS IRGM project that comes up in under 2 months, we recommend that Cameroonian members of the evaluation team be designated as soon as possible and that they get to work immediately in an auto-evaluation exercise. The samples collected by many groups during the CVL-8 fieldtrip are meant to be analyzed in the different laboratories and results sent to Prof. Ohba. This offers a chance for us to check our Piccaro and ion chromatograph water analyzers. It is recommended that our 4 samples be analyzed as soon as possible. Acknowledgements Our trip to Japan was funded within the framework of the SATREPS IRGM Japan Cameroon cooperation project. We are thankful to Ms. Aya Inaba (Japanese coordinator of the project in Yaoundé), and Ms. Doi Yuriko (JICA office Tokyo) for their assistance in arranging the trip. Prof. Takeshi Ohba was the convener of the CVL-8 meeting. He and all his other collaborators are heartily acknowledged for the wonderful organization.

20 Appendix I Program of activities and places visited during the IAVCEI-2013 CVL8 scientific meetings in Japan (16 July 10 August 2013) Date From - To Activity Tues July 16 Yaoundé to Kenya to Dubai (KQ 527 & KQ 310 Kenya Airways) Travel Wed July 17 Dubai - Tokyo (EK 312 Emirates) Thurs July 18 Stay at Toyoko Inn Hotel near Haneda Airport Fri July 19 Tokyo to Kagoshima (internal flight) Stay at Toyoko Hotel in Kagoshima Sat July 20 IAVCEI Assembly in Kagoshima IAVCEI Opening ceremony & presentations Sun July 21 IAVCEI Assembly in Kagoshima Aka oral presentation Mon July 22 IAVCEI Assembly in Kagoshima Participation in presentations Tues July 23 IAVCEI Assembly in Kagoshima Chako & Ohba oral presentations Wed July 24 IAVCEI Assembly in Kagoshima - Ohba & Saiki oral presentations - Issa poster - IAVCEI Assembly ends - Business meeting of CVL8 Thurs July 25 Kagoshima city via Kirishima volcanic area to Ozu-town Kumamoto prefecture - Visit Iwoyama, fumarolic gas discharge - Visit and sample Miike maar lake - Registration for CVL8 in Vessel Hotel Kumamoto city - Stay at Vessel Hotel near Kumamoto Airport Fri July 26 Sat July 27 Sun July 28 Mon July 29 Tues July 30 Wed July 31 Thurs Aug 01 Tokai University Space Information Center Aso volcano fieldtrip Kumamoto Gender Equality center Kumamoto prefecture to Fukuoka prefecture (Kyushu-Island) by bus Fukuoka to Chitose (Hokkaido-island) by flight (ANA 289 11:55-14:10) Noboribetu spa area Noboribetu spa area to Chitose airport Hokkaido to Toyama (flight) 1 st part (full day) of CVL8 conference - Visit Lake Yudamari, a hyper acidic hot lake on Nakadake peak of Aso volcano - Visit Yunotani geothermal area - 2 nd part (half day) of CVL8 conference - CVL business meeting - Successful bid for CVL9 in Cameroon Breakup of main CVL group. Preparation for Hokkaido optional fieldtrip Stay in Manseikaku Hotel in the Noboribetu spa area Hokkaido Island - Sample spring water at Suzumejiku - Sample Lake Oyunuma - Sample pond Taishoujigoku - Sample Jigoku Dari No. 1 (spring) Stay at Hotel Toya Sun Palace - Usu volcano (geothermal area & Showa Shinzen) - Break up the optional tour - Stay at Chitose Air Terminal Hotel - Meeting in Profs. Ueda and Kusakabe Labs with Satreps Students Teidjo & Brice - Stay at ANA Hotel Toyama - Stay at Tokai University International Residence Fri Aug 02 Toyama to Tokyo Yokohama to Tokai University (train) Sat Aug 03 Tokai University - Meeting in Prof Ohba s lab with Satreps

21 students Issa, Jude and Chako Sun Aug 04 Tokyo Institute of Technology (TIT) Visit Prof. Yokoyama s lab with Satreps student Asobo Mon Aug 05 Tokyo to Kurayoshi (train) - Meeting with JICA Tokyo - Travel to Kurayoshi Tues Aug 06 Kurayoshi - Visit Nishio workshop - Check Nishio equipment Wed Aug 07 Kurayoshi to Tokyo to Haneda airport Missed flight to Dubai Stay at APA Group Hotel Tokyo Thurs Aug 08 Stay in Tokyo Stay at APA Group Hotel Tokyo Fri Aug 09 Tokyo to Narita to Bangkok to Istanbul Travel Sat Aug 10 Istanbul to Yaoundé

22 Appendix II Members of the IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Lakes (CVL) who attended IAVCEI-2013 and CVL-8 in Japan (9 Cameroonians. P N o = Picture number) N o P N o Name Email Country Sex Age IAVCEI-2013 CVL-8 Oral Poster Oral Poster 1 48 Mengnjo Jude Wirmvem judevom@yahoo.co.uk Cameroon M 32 x x x 2 49 Chako Boris boris.chako@yahoo.fr Cameroon M 29 x 3 52 Aka Festus Tongwa akatongwa@yahoo.com Cameroon M 48 x 4 47 Issa midissa17@yahoo.fr Cameroon M 52 x x 5 3 Asobo, Asaah asaahel@yahoo.com Cameroon M 32 x 6 8 Tchakam, Brice tchakambrice@yahoo.fr Cameroon M 29 x 7 38 Edwige Tiodjio edwigetiodjio@gmail.com Cameroon F 33 x 8 51 Gregory Tanyileke gtanyileke@yahoo.co.uk Cameroon M 58 9 50 Sigha Nkamdjou sigha_nkamdjou@yahoo.fr Cameroon M 54 10 20 T Kagiyama kagiyama@aso.vgs.kyoto-u.ac.jp Japan M x 11 21 Minoru KUSAKABE kusakabe@sci.u-toyama.ac.jp Japan M x 12 26 Y MIYABUCHI miyabuchi@earth.email.ne.jp Japan M 13 33 Izumi Sato satou.i.ab@m.titech.ac.jp Japan F 14 34 Hiroshi SHINOHARA shinohara-h@aist.go.jp Japan M x 15 37 A Terada terada@ksvo.titech.ac.jp Japan M 16 41 Yutaka YOSHIDA yoshiday@d2.dion.ne.jp Japan M x 17 43 Takeshi OHBA takeshi_ohba@tokai-u.jp Japan M 52 x x 18 44 Seigo OOKI ooki.seigo@gmail.com Japan M 29 19 45 Yuka SASAKI yaone0221@yahoo.co.jp Japan F 24 20 46 Takuya AJIRO ta-t9k0i1.l-a-f-life.la-a7a1m0@ezweb.ne.jp Japan M 22 21 40 Mare YAMAMOTO mare@zisin.gp.tohoku.ac.jp Japan M x 22 9 Jacopo Cabassi jacopo.cabassi@unifi.it Italy M x 23 10 Bruno Capaccioni bruno.capaccioni@unibo.it Italy M 53 x 24 13 Daniele Cinti daniele.cinti@ingv.it Italy M 25 29 Guenda Pecoraino g.pecoraino@pa.ingv.it Italy F 51 x 26 36 F Tassi franco.tassi@unifi.it Italy M x 27 5 Alain Bernard abernard@ulb.ac.be Belgium M x 28 11 Corentin Caudron corentin.caudron@gmail.com Belgium M 28 x

23 Appendix II (continued) Members of the IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Lakes (CVL) who attended IAVCEI-2013 and CVL-8 in Japan (9 Cameroonians. P N o = Picture number) N o P N o Name Email Country Sex Age IAVCEI-2013 CVL-8 Oral Poster Oral Poster 29 22 Sylviane L.G. Lebon syl1@hi.is Belgium F 30 24 Katharine Maussen kmaussen@ulb.ac.be Belgium F 25 x 31 32 Dmitri Rouwet dmitrirouwet@gmail.com Belgium M 35 x x 32 15 Gino Gonzalez Ilama ginovolcanico@gmail.com Costa Rica M x x 33 23 Maria Martinez maria.martinez.cruz@gmail.com Costa Rica F 48 x 34 27 Mora Amador R raulvolcanes@yahoo.com.mx Costa Rica M x 35 30 Ramirez Carlos J carlosjru@yahoo.com Costa Rica M x 36 12 BW Christenson B.Christenson@gns.cri.nz New Zealand M x 37 17 Tony Hurst T.Hurst@gns.cri.nz New Zealand M x 38 25 Agnes Mazot A.Mazot@gns.cri.nz France F 40 x 39 39 Jean Vandemeulebrouck Jean.Vandemeulebrouck@univ-savoie.fr France M x 40 1 Agusto, Mariano Roberto marianoagusto@yahoo.com.ar Argentina M 35 x 41 2 Maria Carmencita Arpa macar2n@yahoo.com Philippines F x 42 4 Oscar Benavente oscar.benavente.zolezzi@gmail.com Chili M 27 x 43 6 Bertram Boehrer bertram.boehrer@ufz.de Germany M x 44 16 Pedro A Hernandez phdez@iter.es Spain M x 45 19 Shaul Hurwitz shaulh@usgs.gov America M x 46 28 Sofyan Primulyana sofyan@vsi.esdm.go.id Indonesia M 47 31 Deborah Robertson debbie_brit@hotmail.com Trinidad F x CVL-8 group photo in Kumamoto Japan 28 July 2013 (see column 2 for names)