Name: Test Date: FND Biology Semester 1 Study Guide 1) List the levels of organization from smallest to largest. Use the provided word bank. Organ Cell Organism Organ System Molecule Tissue 2) Describe the function of each body system listed below: Body System Function 1. Endocrine System 2. Muscular System 3. Circulatory System 4. Digestive System 5. Nervous System Match each word to the correct definition: Homeostasis Response Stimulus 3) A specific reaction to a stimulus. 4) Signal to which an organism responds. 5) Process by which organisms keep their internal conditions fairly constant.
6) Circle each example that shows a response to a stimulus: You are hungry, so you eat. It is raining, so you step in a puddle. In a cold room, a human shivers to generate body heat. A plant moves towards sunlight as it grows. A student put together the experimental setup shown above. The membrane between side A and side B allows movement of both types of solute molecules shown. 7) Describe what will happen to the C molecules over time: 8) Describe what will happen to the D molecules over time: 9) Name the 4 macromolecules: 10) Organic compounds all contain the element carbon/hydrogen/oxygen (circle one). 11) List the elements found in each macromolecule: Elements: Carbohydrate Lipid Protein Nucleic Acid
Match each macromolecule to the correct function: Carbohydrate Lipid Protein Nucleic Acid 12) Stores and transmits hereditary information 13) Main source of energy for living things 14) Main component of tissues such as bone and muscle 15) Stores and releases energy, long term energy storage Use the table answer questions 16-18: 16) Which indicator would be used to test for a complex carbohydrate? 17) If a banana tests positive for complex carbohydrates, what color would the solution be? 18) Sudan IV will turn reddish orange if which macromolecule is present? 19) Use the diagram above to complete the chart with the products and reactants of photosynthesis: 1. 2. Reactants 1. 2. Products 20) Chlorophyll is a pigment found in plants. What is the function of chlorophyll?
21) Plants appear green because chlorophyll reflects which color of light? 22) The diagram to the right shows the process of photosynthesis. If Carbon Dioxide is removed from the plant s environment, what would happen to the production of high energy sugars (circle one)? More sugars will be produced No sugars will be produced 23) List three factors that can affect the rate of photosynthesis (how quickly it occurs): A student prepared two beakers with identical sprigs of a water plant as shown below. She placed one beaker in the shade and the other beaker beside a fluorescent lamp. She then systematically changed the distance from the beaker to the lamp. She counted the bubbles given off by each sprig of the water plant. Shown here is the graph of the data for the beaker she placed in the light. Figure 1 Graph 2 24) The air bubbles produced in Figure 1 would be made of which gas (think about what is released during photosynthesis)? 25) At which distance from the light source were 55 bubbles produced per minute?
26) Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are opposite processes of each other, therefore the products of photosynthesis are the REACTANTS/PRODUCTS of cellular respiration. (Circle one) Use the diagram to answer questions 27-29): 27) List the 3 steps in cellular respiration in order: 28) When oxygen is present, what happens after Glycolysis? 29) Glycolysis begins with which molecule? Use the diagram to answer questions 30-32: 30) How many molecules of ATP are formed in cellular respiration? 31) Which two pathways are showing the process of fermentation? and 32) Which pathway requires oxygen? Lactic Acid Fermentation Alcoholic Fermentation Cellular Respiration 33) Organisms that make their own food, like plants, are called. 34) List two examples of an autotroph: 35) The grasses at the beginning of the food chain are considered (circle one): Producers Consumers Heterotrophs 36) Describe how energy and nutrients flow through living systems:
37) Based on the amount of CO2 that is released into the atmosphere according to the diagram on the right, which of the following would you expect to occur (circle one): Decrease CO2 in the atmosphere Increase CO2 in the atmosphere 38) Choose the correct description of the relationship between animal respiration and photosynthesis (circle one): Respiration and photosynthesis serve the same function in the carbon cycle Animal respiration adds CO2 to the atmosphere and photosynthesis removes CO2 from the atmosphere There is no relationship between respiration and photosynthesis 39) Exponential growth occurs in what type of populations? 40) Define carrying capacity: 41) According to Graph A, during which year did the population first reach its carrying capacity? 42) According to Graph A, was the growth experienced during years 1-3 logistic or exponential?
43) Complete the chart: Define density dependent factor List 3 Examples Define density independent factor List 3 Examples 44) List the examples discussed in class for how populations increase and decrease: Population Increase Population Decrease a. a. b. b. 45) Salvinia molesta, a floating aquatic plant, first entered Lake Naivasha in Kenya when a person s fish ponds flooded. The plant quickly grew, changing the habitat of parts of the lake. This is an example of a problem due to what type of species? 46) List two factors that contribute to global warming: Use the graph below to answer questions 47-49 47) What has been the trend in life expectancy from 1900-1940? 48) Which year had the highest number of births over deaths? 49) Which year had the lowest number of live births per thousand?