Mapping Skills
Geography Mapsà Flat representation of the earth Globeà round representation of the earth, truer representation Types of Maps & Uses General Purpose Mapsà show a wide range of information about an area Special Purpose Mapsà emphasize a single idea about an area Physical Mapà Shows physical features on the earth s surface Political Mapà shows the boundaries of countries, continents, states
Geography Mapsà Flat representation of the earth Globeà round representation of the earth, truer representation
Types of Maps & Uses General Purpose Mapsà show a wide range of information about an area Special Purpose Mapsà emphasize a single idea about an area Physical Mapà Shows physical features on the earth s surface Political Mapà shows the boundaries of countries, continents, states
Maps
Map Elements Map Symbolsà colors, lines, shapes, & symbols that represent information on a map Map Scaleà measurement on a map that shows distance between points Map Key/Legendà Explanation of the symbols on a map Compass Roseà Directional marker on a map Cardinal Directionsà North, South, East, West Intermediate Directionsà Northeast, Northwest, Southeast, Southwest
Points of Interest Latitudeà Measures distances North and South of Equator, run east to west, called parallels Longitudeà Measures distances East and West of Prime Meridian, run vertically from pole to pole, called Meridians
Tropic of Cancerà imaginary line of latitude located at 23 ½ degrees North Equatorà Imaginary line of latitude that divides the world between the Northern & Southern Hemispheres Prime Meridianà 0 degrees longitude, imaginary line that passes through Greenwich, England. Tropic of Capricornà Imaginary line of latitude located at 23 ½ degrees South
North Poleà Northernmost point on the earth, 90 degrees north South Poleà Southernmost point on the earth, 90 degrees south Arctic Circleà northern section of five major circles of latitude Antarctic Circleà southern section of five major circles of latitude
Northern Hemisphereà north of equator Southern Hemisphereà south of equator Western Hemisphereà west of prime meridian & east of 180 th meridian Eastern Hemisphereà east of the prime meridian and west of the 180 th meridian
Each zone represents 15 degrees longitude Moving East ADD one hour Moving West SUBTACT one hour International Date Lineà Line of longitude located at 180 degrees, located in Pacific Ocean. World (24 zones) United States (4 zones) Time Zones
Five Themes of Geography Locationà Absolute & Relative Absolute Locationà latitude & longitude, street address, exact location Relative Locationà described by landmarks, directions, time, or distance from one place to the other Placeà physical & human Characteristics Physicalà determined by nature, mountains, climate, rivers Human-Environmental Interactionsà humans adapt to, modify, and depend on the environment Movementà interaction through travel, trade, communication Regionsà defined by common characteristics such as language, culture, religion, exports/imports
Climates Climateà the long-term average weather conditions that occur in a particular region. Based on the average temperature and precipitation. Factors that affect climate Latitude of a location closer to equator = warmer climates Location near water causes weather to be more constant. Water takes in heat and release heat as needed Altitude of an areaà mountain areas, often rainy or snowy