Reserch on the Qulity Competence in Mnufcturing Industry Xioping M, Zhijun Hn Economics nd Mngement School Nnjing University of Science nd Technology Nnjing 210094, Chin Tel: 86-25-8431-5400 E-mil: hnzhij4531@sin.com Abstrct In this rticle, we estblished the evlution inde system of mnufcturing qulity, implemented the comprehensive evlution of qulity by AHP (Anlytic Hierrchy Process), empiriclly studied the evlution objects including more thn one thousnd mnufcturing enterprises, nd vlidted the rtionlity of the evlution inde system nd the evlution method. Keywords: Qulity, Qulity inde, AHP, Mnufcturing 1. Introduction of the problem The so-clled qulity is the bility tht the orgniztion cquires sustinble competitive predominnce nd relizes sustinble development in virtue of ecellent qulity, nd it cn be mesured by the qulity inde. In this rticle, we estblished the evlution inde system of mnufcturing qulity, nd evluted nd nlyzed the qulity of the evlution objects including more thn one thousnd mnufcturing enterprises. 2. Inde system of qulity The inde system of mnufcturing qulity cn be divided into four lyers including object lyer, criterion lyer, judgment lyer nd inde lyer. The object lyer is the first clss inde, i.e. the mnufcturing qulity inde, the criterion lyer is the second clss inde which includes two indees such s eplicit nd potentil, nd the judgment lyer is the third clss inde which includes prcticlity qulity, performnce, technicl innovtion, humn resource nd qulity mngement bility, nd the inde lyer includes 11 indees, nd the concrete structure is seen in Tble 1. 3. Evlution nlysis method of qulity The evlution of qulity belongs to the problem of multiple inde comprehensive evlution. The multiple inde comprehensive evlution methods usully include subjective weight verge method, AHP, min components nlysis method nd fctor nlysis method. The evlution of qulity cn be evluted by bove methods, nd in this rticle, we dopt AHP to nlyze nd evlute the qulity. (1) Estblishing judgment mtri Judgment mtri is the core of AHP, nd it is cquired by the comprison between two fctors, nd its fctor ij cn be confirmed by Tble 2. 11 21 The judgment mtri obtined by this wy is A = n1 12 22 n2 1 n 2n. nn (2) Confirmtion of weight There re mny single rnking methods to confirm the weight W from the judgment mtri A, but the eigenvector method put forwrd by T. L. Sty is the optiml method. The method first solves the chrcter eqution AW= m W, where, m is the mimum ltent root of mtri A, W is the chrcter vector corresponding to m. We cn obtin the weight by the normliztion to W. All works cn be implemented by Mtlb. 39
Vol. 3, No. 12 Interntionl Journl of Business nd Mngement (3) Consistent test The consistent test is implemented through the computtion of consistent inde nd test coefficients. m n Consistent inde CI n 1 Test coefficient CI CR RI RI is the verge consistent inde which cn be checked through Tble 3. Generlly, when CR<0.1, we cn think the judgment mtri possesses stisfctory consistence, or else, we need redjust the judgment mtri. 4. Comprehensively evluting the qulity by AHP According to AHP, we first estblish judgment mtries of vrious lyers (Tble 4-Tble 11). To void the limittions such s individul bility level, we cn use mny methods which utilize collective wisdom such s eperts grding method nd Delphi method to compre nd judge. To vrious indees evluting qulity, we cn compose the epert group including some eperts in the domin of qulity mngement, persons who engge reltive works of qulity mngement in enterprises, competitors in sme industry nd consumers to evlute. Net, compute the weights of vrious indees in the inde lyer to the object lyer by the weight coefficients obtined by the bove method, nd then rnk the object lyer. Cumulte nd multiply the weight coefficients of vrious lyers, we cn obtin the weights (seen in Tble 12) of vrious indees corresponding to the object lyer. So, we cn get the score Z of the totl object through the weight coefficients of bove vrious indees. Z=0.4445 1 +0.1481 2 +0.0741 3 +0.0313 4 +0.0173 5 +0.0095 6 +0.0320 7 +0.0320 8 +0.1267 9 +0.0422 10 + 0.0422 11 i is the ctul observtion vlue of corresponding i th inde in vrious smples, nd to eliminte the influence induced by the differences mong vrious qulity inde dimensions, we cn first implement normliztion processing to the smple observtion dt, nd here, we think i is normlized. Finlly, we trnslte Z i into percent, nd so we cn obtin the micro-qulity inde QI A1, nd rnk originl dt by the size of QI A1, which cn be relized in the softwre of SPSS. 5. Conclusion In this rticle, we estblished the inde system of mnufcturing qulity, utilized AHP nd fctor nlysis method to comprehensively evlute the qulity s of more thn one thousnds mnufcturing enterprises, nd rnked these enterprises ccording to vrious lyers nd vrious clsses bsed on the results of evlution. Becuse of too much dt, we didn t list the rnking result in the rticle. References Hn, Zhijun & Xuqin. (2003). Qulity Mngement. Beijing: Science Press. Jing, Jidong. (2005). Connottion nd Evlution Method of Enterprise Qulity Competence. Aeronutic Stndrdiztion & Qulity, No. 3, pp. 17-21. SAQM (Shnghi Acdemy of Qulity Mngement). (2006). Qulity Competence. Beijing: Chinese Criterion Press. Yu, Xiulin & Ren, Xuesong. (2002). Multivrite Sttisticl Anlysis. Beijing: Chin Sttistic Press. Zhng, Zhiqing & Wu, Jinzhong. (1999). Enterprise Competence nd Evlution. Mngement Moderniztion, No. 1, pp. 24-25. 40
Tble 1. Inde system of mnufcturing qulity Object lyer (A) Inde of mnufcturing qulity QI ) ( A1 Criterion lyer (B) Eplicit (B1) Potentil (B2) Judgment lyer (C) Prcticlity qulity (C1.1) Performnce (C1.2) Technicl innovtion (C2.1) Humn resource (C2.2) Ability of qulity mngement (C2.3) Inde lyer (D) Product eligibility of first-time check out (D1.1.1) Increse rte of sles income (D1.2.1) Production vlue rte of brnd product (D1.2.3) Proportion of scientific ctivity outly pyout in sles income (D2.1.1) Proportion of ccumulted technicl chnge outly pyout in ccomplished mount of ccumulted investment (D2.1.2) Quntity of invention nd ptent (D2.1.3) Proportion of engineering technicl personnel in totl mount of employee (D2.2.1) Proportion of the mount of qulity engineer in totl mount of employee (D2.2.2) Pss qulity system certifiction (D2.3.1) Pss environmentl system certifiction (D2.3.2) Pss occuptionl security helthy system certifiction (D2.3.3) Tble 2. Confirmtion of vrious fctors in judgment mtri ij Comprison between two objects 1 Sme importnt 3 Little importnt 5 Obviously importnt 7 Much importnt 9 Etremely importnt 2, 4, 6, 8 Sitution between bove two instnces Reciprocl bove numbers Inversely compring two objects Tble 3. Tble of RI coefficients Orders 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 RI 0.58 0.90 1.12 1.24 1.32 1.41 1.45 Tble 4. A-B judgment mtri A B 1 B 2 W B 1 1 2 0.6667 B 2 1/2 1 0.3333 Tble 5. B-C 1i judgment mtri B C 11 C 12 W C 11 1 2 0.6667 C 12 1/2 1 0.3333 the second-order mtri needs not consistent test. 41
Vol. 3, No. 12 Interntionl Journl of Business nd Mngement Tble 6. B-C 2i judgment mtri B C 21 C 22 C 23 W C 21 1 1 1/4 0.1744 C 22 1 1 1/3 0.1919 C 23 4 3 1 0.6337 m =3.0091, CI=0.00455, RI=0.5800, CR=0.0078<0.1000. Tble 7. C-D 11i judgment mtri C D 111 W D 111 1 1 Tble 8. C-D 12i judgment mtri C D 121 D 122 W D 121 1 2 0.6667 D 122 1/2 1 0.3333 Tble 9. C-D 21i judgment mtri C D 211 D 212 D 213 W D 211 1 2 3 0.5390 D 212 1/2 1 2 0.2972 D 213 1/3 1/2 1 0.1638 m =3.0093, CI=0.00465, RI=0.5800, CR=0.0080<0.1000. Tble 10. C-D 22i judgment mtri C D 221 D 222 W D 221 1 1 0.5000 D 222 1 1 0.5000 Tble 11. C-D 23i judgment mtri C D 231 D 232 D 233 W D 231 1 3 3 0.6000 D 232 1/3 1 2 0.2000 D 233 1/3 1 1 0.2000 m =3.0000, CI=0, RI=0.5800, CR=0<0.1000. 42
Tble 12. Weighted coefficients of vrious indees First-time check out 1 Sles increse 2 Production vlue of brnd 3 Outly of science nd technology Outly of technicl chnge 5 Invention nd ptent 6 4 0.4445 0.1481 0.0741 0.0313 0.0173 0.0095 Technicl Qulity Qulity Environment Security personnel personnel system 9 system 10 system 11 7 8 0.0320 0.0320 0.1267 0.0422 0.0422 43