Name: Period: By the end of Unit 1 you should be able to: Measurements Chapter 3 1. Convert between scientific notation and standard notation 2. Define and identify significant digits including being able to round and perform mathematical operations (add, subtract, multiply and divide) 3. Know and use the metric system including their prefixes and symbols 4. Use dimensional analysis to convert between units 5. Use measuring devices with precision and accuracy 6. Create and interpret graphs by calculating a line of best fit and using the line to extrapolate and interpolate data 7. Define and calculate density Scientific Notation: Convert the following numbers into scientific notation. (pg. 62-63) 1. 52000 5.2 x 10 4 2. 0.000053 3. 0.001025 1.025 x 10-3 4. 9020100 5. 0.00000000906 9.06 x 10-9 6. 805100000000 Scientific Notation: Convert the following numbers into standard notation. (pg. 62-63) 7. 8.12 x 10 5 812000 8. 1.78 x 10-5 9. 5.448 x 10 6 5448000 10. 9.989 x 10-6 11. 9.524 x 10-2 0.09524 12. 1.441 x 10 3 Significant Digits: Identify the number of significant digits in the following problems. (pg. 66-71) Example: 0.0524 has 3 significant digits 13. 52.4 14. 0.005 15. 9400. 16. 56210 3 1 4 4 17. 0.00502 18. 0.01500 19. 91500.0 20. 0.10020
Significant Digits: Round each number to three significant digits in the following problems. (pg. 66-71) Example: 0.052046 would round to 0.0520 21. 543.01 22. 9.5606 23. 0.002760 24. 0.10573 543 9.56 0.00276 0.106 25. 453769 26. 2.697 27. 0.0012056 28. 699071593.12 Significant Digits: Perform the following calculations and answer with the correct significant digits. (pg. 66-71) 29. 275.45 + 23.4 + 9.195 30. 78.25 + 95.459 + 12 308.0 186 31. 42.33 27.3 32. 520 300 33. 0.573 + 0.005284376 34. 15.6 + 8.59 + 4.385 + 5.6 0.578 34.2 35. 0.58952 0.5830 36. 0.256 + 590 + 25.2 Significant Digits: Perform the following calculations and answer with the correct significant digits. (pg. 66-71) 37. If you buy 4.50 pounds of oranges for $1.25 per pound, what is the final price? $5.63 38. If Mr. Goldsmith runs 26.2 miles in 3.2 hours, how fast was he running in miles per hour? 39. If $170,900 was given to 14 people, how much would each receive? $12,000 40. A rectangular fence was to be constructed around a yard was a square footage of 1962.45 ft 2. If two sides are 52.50 ft, how long must the other side be? 37.38 ft 41. If you have 42 grams of sample, how much sample would you place in 3.0 beakers if you wanted each to have the same amount?
SI Units: Listed below are objects to measure. Provide the best SI unit from the list to the right to perform the measurement. (pg. 74-79) 42. Length of the room 43. Time to run 100 yards seconds 44. Electric current 45. Temperature of the room Celsius 46. Mass of carbon 47. Water in a beaker milliliters 48. Amount of atoms Metric Conversions: Perform the following conversions. Show ALL work, units, and significant digits. Place answers in blanks provided.(pg. 84-91) 49. 10 L to 10000 ml 50. 1.56 g to dg Meters Moles Seconds Milliliters Celsius Grams Ampere 51. 34 mm to 0.34 dm 52. 5.2 x 10-9 m to nm 53. 58800 mg to 0.0588 kg 54. 145 sec to minutes 55. 0.42 hr to 1500 sec 56. 1034 ul to L Accuracy and Precision: Answer the following questions. (pg. 64-65) 57. Define accuracy. The ability to get close to the correct answer. 58. Define precision. 59. Which measuring device has greater precision, 4000 ml beaker with 10 marks or 100 ml graduated cylinder with 50 marks? Why? Graduated Cylinder.greater precision 60. Three samples of the same compound were made. They were massed at 22.3 g, 22.3 g, and 22.5 g. After doing some calculations, it was determined that theoretically 28.3 g should have been made. Was the person doing the procedure accurate or precise? Why? 61. I need 22.5 ml of water. Should I use a 100 ml graduated cylinder, 100 ml beaker, or 100 ml flask to measure the liquid. Why?
100 ml graduated cylinder.greater precision Using the pictures below, determine to what place each measuring device can be read to 100% certainty and what the actual reading would be. Reading with 100% Certainty Actual Reading 62. Beaker 63. Cylinder 64. Ruler 1 ml 52.5 ml Line of Best Fit: Answer the following questions. Be sure to show all work, units, and significant digits. 65. For the following sets of data points, calculate the slope that would be produced. a. (2,5) and (4,10) Slope: 2.5 b. (3.4, 5.8) and (4.8, 12.6) Slope: c. (0.23, 0.45) and (19, 9.2) Slope: 0.47 d. (5.7, 3.4) and (0.98, 0.86) Slope: 66. For the equation y=15x+b, calculate the value for b if you have the following data points: a. (4.3, 5.2) b= -1.25 b. (0.55, 2.4) b= c. (0.23, 9.8) b= 6.3
d. (43, 52) b= 67. Using the data points, (4,5) and (8,15), calculate the slope and y-intercept (b). Y= 2.5 x + -5 68. Use your equation from #67 to determine the following: a. x=6 y= b. x=15 y= 32.5 c. y=8 x= d. y=0.4 x= 6.1 Graphing: Using the graphing paper on the following page, plot the data points below. Use this graph to answer the questions #70-71. Place density on the y-axis. Density of Sugar Water at Various Percents of Glucose % of glucose Density (g/ml) 0.00 0.994 2.50 1.001 5.00 1.006 7.50 1.016 10.0 1.022 12.5 1.030 15.0 1.031 17.5 1.041 20.0 1.047 22.5 1.059 25.0 1.060 27.5 1.064 30.0 1.075 69. Calculate the line of best fit. Draw it on the graph below and provide the equation in the space provided.
Equation for line of best fit: y= x +. Data Points chosen to calculate the line (, ) and (, ) 70. Using the line of best fit from #69, what would the density of the sample be if the % of the glucose was: Density a. 13.0 b. 0.25 c. 42.5 d. 34.2 71. If you needed a sample of sugar water with a density of 1.052 g/ml, what percent of the glucose would be required?
Density: Answer the following questions. Be sure to show your work, units, and use significant digits. Use the table provided for questions 72-76. (pg. 80-81) Metal Density (g/cm 3 ) Aluminum 2.80 Copper 9.02 Gold 19.3 Brass 8.60 Steel 7.86 72. A sample was massed at 23.5 grams. It takes up 8.21 cm 3. What metal makes up this sample? Aluminum 73. A steel sample had a volume of 1.5 cm 3. What is the mass of the sample? 74. A copper sample has a mass of 34.5 grams. What is the volume of the sample? 3.82 g/cm 3 75. An unknown sample was given for analysis. It has a mass of 2.43 grams and takes up 0.867 cm 3. What was the sample? 76. A golf ball has a density of 1.15 g/cm 3. Will it float on water? Will it float on saturated salt water (density = 1.20 g/cm 3 )? If it has a mass of 45.39 g, what is its volume? Float on water: No Float on salt water: Yes Volume: 39.5 cm 3