Warm-up Page: 518, 1. What two layers of the atmosphere is temperature decreasing? Troposphere and mesosphere Page: 518, 2. What two layers of the atmsophere is temperature increasing? Stratosphere and thermosphere Page: notes, 3.The ionosphere makes it possible for worldwide communication possible. radio 1
Objective: SWBAT SWBAT describe the three ways that energy is transferred in the atmosphere. Define: greenhouse effect, radiation, conduction, convection Explain how humans may be contributing to the greenhouse effect 2
Objective: SWBAT 3 rd / 5 th Understand the temp. changes are how atmospheric layers are identified Complete atmosphere layer graph and label correct area based on temperature Place correct location of features based on altitude and temperatures Compare/contrast the layers of the atmosphere Understand that temperature changes or varies with altitude Temperature range and change is how scientist label regions (layers of atmosphere) Understand as altitude increase air pressure decreases Explain why a helium balloon expands when it rises Why does NASA use rockets to study upper atmosphere
Activities: Warm-up & quiz Notes and discussion Review crossword sec. 19.1 4
Energy Transfer in the Atmosphere SEC. 19-2 5
Objectives: S.W.B.A.T. Understand and compare and contrast radiation, convection & conduction Complete heat budget chart of atmosphere Explain why the atmosphere acts like a blanket
Activities: Warm-up Notes and discussion Complete review handout on transfer of energy methods Heat budget & solar radiation handout Upper atmosphere 1-4 H.W.
Energy From the Sun The sun is the source of all energy in our atmosphere Three things happen to the energy received from the sun. 1. - about 30% is reflected back 2. - about 20% is absorbed by the atmosphere 3. - about 50% passes through & absorbed by land and water
Energy Transfer There are three different ways that energy can be transferred from one substance to another 1. Radiation 2. Conduction 3. Convection 9
Radiation The transfer of heat in the form of waves.
Electromagnet radiation forms 11
Radiation: Scattering of Light Clouds, dust, water droplets, and other molecules in the atmosphere disrupt the paths of radiation from the sun and cause scattering. As a result, the sunlight that reaches Earth s surface comes from all directions. The sky appears blue, due to wavelength of blue-light is scattered more by N2 & O2. 12
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Radiation: Reflection of Light Some of the radiation that reaches Earth is reflected back. Albedo the amount of solar radiation that is reflected off the surface of an object. 14
The Greenhouse Effect Earth s atmosphere slows the escape of energy that radiates from Earth s surface just as the glass in a greenhouse does. Greenhouse effect - the warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of Earth that occurs when carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases in the air absorb and reradiate radiation Things Heat Up!
The Greenhouse Effect Scientists believe that human behaviors that increase CO2 and H2O vapor add to the greenhouse effect making Earths overall temp. to rise.. 16
Conduction Conduction - the transfer of energy as heat through a material by direct contact. Collisions between the particles result in the transfer of energy, which warms the substance. Has to involve direct contact.(touch)
Conduction The transfer of heat when two objects touch.
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v =7Y3mfAGVn1c 21
Convection Convection - the movement of fluid(liquid, gas) matter due to differences in density that are caused by temperature variations The continuous cycle in which cold air sinks and warm air rises and spreads energy in Earth s atmosphere.
Convection Warm air (less dense than cool air) exerts less pressure than the same volume of cooler air does. The less dense Warm air is pushed upward
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Convection The transfer of heat through liquids or gasses. - Warm air rising - Cold air sinking
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Energy in the Atmosphere Heat transfer by convection Heat transfer by convection Heat transfer by radiation Heat transfer by conduction
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Cool down 1. Hot air rising and cool air sinking is a type of heat transfer called: Convection 2. Heat lamp (infrared energy) keeping French fries warm is what type of heat transfer? radiation 31
Cool down 1. As you increase altitude the air pressure does this? What instrument would measure this? Decreases, barometer 2. The special area known as the ionosphere is located in what main layer of the atmosphere? thermosphere 32