Lessn 8 Types f Matter
D Nw 6Ga, 6I 10.30.18 Take ut HW 6.13 t be checked. In CJ, cpy dwn inf frm CJ bard. Keep CJs ut and pen n desk. On DO NOW PAGE #4, cpy and answer the questins: 1. In KCl (aq), is the slute and is the slvent. 2. If 5.3 g f salt is disslved int water, yu ve made a. 3. Is Cl 2 an element r cmpund? Is it a mlecule? 4. A cmpund f MgSO 4 has atm(s) f magnesium and atm(s) f xygen.
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D Nw 6Ga, 6I 10.29.18 Take ut HW 6.12 t be checked. In CJ, cpy dwn inf frm CJ bard. Keep CJs ut and pen n desk. On DO NOW PAGE #4, cpy and answer the questins: 1. What is the chemical symbl fr Lead? 2. What are the 3 subatmic particles and where are they lcated within the atm? 3. What is the difference between hmgeneus and hetergeneus mixtures?
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Lessn 8 Types f Matter
Matter Pure substances Mixtures Elements Cmpunds Hmgeneus Hetergeneus
Matter: mass space anything that has and takes up Examples f matter: Examples that are NOT matter:
Pure substances: Elements and Cmpunds cnstant cmpsitin a material that has a (is hmgeneus) and cnsistent prperties thrughut the sample has ne type cnsists nly f f atm, mlecule, r cmpund Examples f pure substances: tin, sulfur, diamnd, water, pure sugar (sucrse), table salt (sdium chlride), baking sda (sdium bicarbnate), element r cmpund *any in its pure frm wuld be a pure substance*
Element: fixed cmpsitin has a as it cntains nly f atm prtns ne type identity f an element is determined by the in the nucleus rdinary chemical means Cannt be brken dwn by prperties Will nt retain its if separated Each element has an abbreviatin f ne and r mre lwercase letters capital letter maybe ne. All are n the Peridic table. Sulfur = Nitrgen = Sdium = Gld =
Sme elements are = diatmic mlecule f tw atms bnded tgether exist in elemental frm as a alne Yu ll never find an xygen r nitrgen atm. They ll be O 2, H 2 O, MgO bnded t sme ther element. Examples: there are tw f that atm Frmula: Cl 2, H 2. The subscript 2 indicates that. Other examples f elements:
atms Mlecule: refers t tw r mre that are chemically cmbined. O 2, H 2 O, C 6 H 12 O 6, N 2 Examples: Cmpund: different elements Refers t tw r mre that are chemically cmbined. chemical means (reactins) Can be separated by Examples:
Hw many different types f elements are in the cmpund HBrO 3? Hw many atms f carbn are in ne cmpund f sucrse C 12 H 22 O 11? 3 12
Atm: defining structure f elements basic units f matter and the prtns, neutrns and electrns made up f three particles:
Mixtures: Hmgeneus and Hetergeneus tw r mre different substances a material made up f which physically are mixed prperties differ because separated cmpnents can be cmpsitin is nt fixed
1. Hmgeneus mixture: The substances are s distinguish that it is difficult t ne substance in the mixture frm anther; appears t cntain nly ne substance evenly distributed a slutin. Als knwn as.
Brass: yellw ally f cpper and zinc
Slutins can be mixtures f multiple gases, liquids, r slids. All substances must be in the same phase. Examples: Gas slutin: Air (78% N 2, 21% O 2, almst 1% Argn) Slid slutin: Steel (mstly Irn with Carbn, Magnesium, ther elements) Liquid slutin: Cffee, sugar water, salt water, nail plish remver The slvent is always in greater abundance cmpared t the slute.
SOLUTIONS PRACTICE: Identify the slute and slvent in the fllwing hmgeneus mixtures: a) Rsanna put rubbing alchl n the grass stain that was n her sck. grass stain Slute: b) Justin added a little sugar t his tea because it tasted bitter. sugar Slute: c) The tea frm Mia s tea bag clred the water as it brewed. tea Slute: d) Allie s ring is 14K gld (58.3% gld, 30% silver, and 11.7% cpper). silver, cpper Slute: rubbing alchl Slvent: water Slvent: water Slvent: gld Slvent:
nticeably different 2. Hetergeneus mixture: The parts f the mixture are frm ne anther Examples:
Cllid medium Particles are in size (1-1000 nm) a beam f light May be seen in. milk, dust particles in air Examples: Suspensin large Particles are in size (ver 1000 nm) yu shake it up Particles settle ut by gravity unless. pulpy range juice, green juice, snw glbe Examples:
Tyndall Effect
Suspensins
Hmgeneus Hetergeneus Particle size differs between slutins, cllids, and suspensins. Atms Ins Small mlecules Clumps f atms, ins, r mlecules Large mlecules Large clumped particles Mineral grains (sand)
Cnsider the cntainers belw. Which f these are mixtures? pure substances? Which cntain nly cmpunds? nly elements
Cnsider the cntainers belw. Which f these are mixtures? pure substances? Which cntain nly cmpunds? nly elements?
Classify: (element, cmpund, hmgeneus mixture, hetergeneus mixture) 1. ammnia 2. Fe 2 O 3 (s) 3. sdium 4. air 5. milk 6. sea water 7. water + sand 8. natural gas 9. white vinegar 10. mercury 11. NaCl (aq) 12. 14 C 13. fried rice 14. gasline 15. 10k gld
Mixtures can be physically separated.
Decanting Separates tw immiscible liquids r liquids frm undisslved slids by puring ff layers
Magnets Separates magnetic frm nn magnetic substances
Centrifugatin Uses spinning and centrifugal frce t separate fluids, gas r liquid, based n density https://www.yutube.cm/watch?v=kexwd3_fm94
Filtratin Separates liquids frm slids by using a filter paper with pres smaller than the slid; liquids and slutins pass thrugh filter
Evapratin / Vaprizatin Separates disslved slids ut f slutins.