vacuum the drink won t rise very high in the straw straw 1 atm drink
vacuum the drink won t rise very high in the straw straw 1 atm drink
vacuum the drink won t rise very high in the straw straw 0.007 atm drink
vacuum the drink won t rise very high in the straw straw 0.007 atm drink
P 1 P 1/2
a) 2 CO (g) + O 2 (g) 2CO 2 (g) CO O 2 O 2 CO CO CO
a) 2 CO (g) + O 2 (g) 2CO 2 (g) the volume decreases CO 2 CO 2 CO2 CO 2
b) 2 CO (g) + O 2 (g) 2CO 2 (g) CO O 2 O 2 CO CO CO
b) 2 CO (g) + O 2 (g) 2CO 2 (g) the pressure decreases CO 2 CO 2 CO2 CO 2
a) O 2 32 g/mol He 4 g/mol At the same temperature the lighter will more particles moving at higher speeds
b) lower temp. higher temp. At higher temperature the more particles will be moving at higher speeds
c) most probable speed root mean square speed more opportunity for gas particles to move at high speed
HCl (g) 36.45 g/mol NH4Cl (s) NH3 (g) 17.00 g/mol NH4Cl solid will form closer to the HCl side because NH3 diffuses faster rate NH3 rate HCl MM HCl MM NH3
vacuum atmospheric pressure mercury A Torricellian Barometer
vacuum atmospheric pressure 760 mm Hg (1 standard Atmosphere) 50 cm Hg x 10 mm Hg 1 cm Hg 500 mm Hg mercury A Torricellian Barometer
a) 0.912 atm x 760 torr 1 atm 693 torr c) 655 mmhg x 1 atm 760 mmhg 693 torr d) 1.323 x 10 5 pa x 1 kpa 1000 pa x 1 atm 101.3 kpa 1.306 atm
i) 0.995 atm x 760 mmhg 1 atm 756.2 mmhg
Patm h Pgas Patm - h Hg Pgas
Pgas Patm - h Hg i) 0.995 atm x 760 mmhg 756.2 mmhg 1 atm Pgas 756.2 mmhg - 520 mmhg 236.2 mmhg x 1 atm 0.31 atm 760 mmhg
ii) 0.995 atm x 760 mmhg 1 atm 756.2 mmhg
Pgas h Pgas Patm + h Hg
Pgas Patm + h Hg 0.995 atm x 760 mmhg 1 atm 756.2 mmhg Pgas 756.2 mmhg + 670 mmhg 1423.2 mmhg x 1 atm 1.87 atm 760 mmhg
a) 752 torr 1 atm x 760 torr 0.989 atm P1 V1 P2 V2 (0.989 atm)(5.12 L) ( 1.88 atm)(v2 ) V2 2.69 L
b) 752 torr 1 atm x 760 torr 0.989 atm 273 + 21ºC 294 K V1 T1 V 2 T2 5.12 L 294 K V2 623 K V2 10.8 L
N 2 (g) + 3H 2 (g) 2NH 3 (g) 1.2 L 3.6 L n K V 2L NH 3 3.6 L H 2 x 2.4 L NH 3 3 L H 2
a) T P 273 K 1 atm b) 22.4 L 1 mol at STP V nrt P c) (1 mol) (0.0821 Latm/molK)(273 + 25)) 1 atm 24.4 L
a) V nrt P (1.50 mol)(0.0821 Latm/molK)(273 + (-6)) 1.25 atm 26.6 L
b) T PV nr (0.987 atm) (0.478 L) (3.33 x 10-3 mol)(0.0821 Latm/molK) 1.73 x 10 3 K
c) P nrt V (0.00245 mol)(0.0821 Latm/molK)(273 + 138) 0.413 L 0.200 atm
d) n PV RT (0.111 atm) (126.5 L) (0.0821 Latm/molK) (273 + 54) 0.523 mol
n PV RT 735 torr 1 atm x 760 torr 0.967 atm (0.967 atm) (2.25 L) (0.0821 Latm/molK) (273 K + 37) 0.0854 mol x 6.02 x 10 23 molec. 5.15 x 10 22 molec. 1 mol
b) n PV RT 735 torr 1 atm x 760 torr 0.967 atm (1.00 atm) (5.0 x 10 3 L) (0.0821 Latm/molK) (273 K) 223.1 mol x 28.98 g air 1 mol x 1 kg 1000 g 6.46 kg air
a) n V P RT (0.970 atm) (0.0821 Latm/molK) (273 + 35) 3.84 x 10-2 mol L x 46 g 1 mol NO2 1.77 g L
b) n PV RT 685 torr x 1 atm 760 torr 0.901 atm (0.901 atm) (0.875 L) (0.0821 Latm/molK) (273 + 35) 2.50 g 3.13 x 10-2 mol 80.2 g/mol
a) C 6 H 12 O 6 (s) + 6O 2 (g) 2CO 2 (g) + 6H 2 O (g) 1 mol 6 mol CO 2 24.5 g C 6 H 12 O x x 6 180 g 1 mol C 6 H 12 O 6 nrt V P ( 0.8166 mol)(0.0821 Latm/molK)(273 + 37) 0.970 atm 21.4 L
b) C 6 H 12 O 6 (s) + 6O 2 (g) 2CO 2 (g) + 6H 2 O (g) 1 mol 6 mol O 2 24.5 g C 6 H 12 O x x 6 180 g 1 mol C 6 H 12 O 6 nrt V P ( 1.67 mol) (0.0821 Latm/molK)(298 K) 1 atm 40.8 L
CaC 2 (s) + 2 H 2 O (l) Ca(OH) 2 (s) + C 2 H 2 (g) 1 mol CaC 2 1 mol C 2 H 2 1.524 g CaC x x 2 64 g 1 mol CaC P 2 total - P P H C2 2 O H 2 1 atm 753 torr - 21.07 torr 731.93 torr x 760 torr (0.02381 mol ) (0.0821 Latm/molK)(273 + 23) 0.963 atm 0.601 L
1 mol O 2 51.2 g O x 1.6 mol O 2 2 32 g 1 mol He 32.6 g He x 4 g 8.15 mol He
P O2 (1.6 mol ) (0.0821 Latm/molK)(273 + 19) 10.0 L 3.84 atm P O2 (8.15 mol )(0.0821 Latm/molK)(273 + 19) 10.0 L 19.5 atm P He + P O 2 P total 19.5 atm + 3.84 atm 23.3 atm
moles A X ( P total ) ( A X P total moles A ) A total moles 7.5 mol N 2 + 0.30 mol O 2 + 0.15 mol CO 2 1.20 mol
X A moles A total moles ( P total ) ( X A ) P A X N 2 0.75 mol N 2 1.2 mol 0.625 X O 2 0.30 mol O 2 1.2 mol 0.250 X CO 2 0.15 mol CO 2 1.2 mol 0.125
( P total ) ( X A ) P A P ( 2.15 atm ) ( 0.625 ) 1.3 atm N 2 N 2 P O 2 ( 2.15 atm ) ( 0.250 ) 0.54 atm O 2 P ( 2.15 atm ) ( 0.125 ) 0.27 atm CO 2 CO 2
a) false, the average KE of a gas is proportional to temperature. b) true c) false, the molecules at a given temperature exhibit a distribution of kinetic energies. d) true e) false, molecules exhibit a distribution of speeds at a given temperature.
a ) b ) c ) V RT n ( ) the 2 systems have the same number of molecules at STP. N 2 28 g/mol At STP N 2 is more dense CH 4 16 g/mol CH 4 lighter than N 2 and therefore it effuses faster P rate CH4 rate N2 MM N2 MM CH4
1 L rate O 2 31 s 1 L rate X 105 s 0.0322 L/s O 2 0.0095 L/s X rate O2 rate X MM X MM O2 0.0322 L/s O 2 0.0095 L/s X MM X 32 g/mol MM X 370 g/mol
a ) Gases do not behave in an ideal way at high pressures and low temperatures
b ) gases take up space in their containers gas molecules attract each other
c ) PV n RT n should be constant under all conditions. negative deviation is due to attractive forces positive deviation is due to molecules taking up space in the container
a ) CCl 4 P nrt V T ( 40 + 273 ) n 1.00 mol V 33.3 L (1.00 mol)(0.0821 Latm/molK)(273 + 40) 33.3 L 0.773 atm
b ) CCl 4 P nrt an 2 T ( 40 + 273 ) - V - nb V 2 n 1.00 mol V 33.3 L (1.00 mol)(0.0821 Latm/molK)(273 + 40) 33.3 L - (1.00 mol)(0.1383) 0.756 atm - 20.4 (1.00 mol) 2 (33.3 L) 2
b ) CCl 4 P nrt an 2 - V - nb V 2 a 20.4 b 0.1383 stronger intermolecular attractions causes the pressure to be less than than an ideal gas