J.37 PRE-JUNIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION, 2014 SCIENCE HIGHER LEVEL TIME: 2 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS 1. Write your name, school s name and teacher s name in the boxes provided on this page. 2. Answer all questions. 3. Answer the questions in the spaces provided in this booklet. If you require extra space, there is a blank page provided at the back of this booklet. 4. The use of the mulae and Tables booklet approved for use in the State Examinations is permitted. A copy may be obtained from the examination superintendent. Student s Name School s Name Teacher s Name examiner Section / Question Biology Q.1 (52) Q.2 (39) Q.3 (39) Chemistry Physics Q.4 (52) Q.5 (39) Q.6 (39) Q.7 (52) Q.8 (39) Q.9 (39) Total (Paper) (390) Bonus for Irish Grade Grand Total Paper (390) Mark 2014 J.37 1/20 Page 1 of 20
Biology Question 1 (52) (a) The photograph shows human chromosomes that were isolated, stained and then viewed using a light microscope. Name the two substances that chromosomes are made of. Substance 1 Substance 2 (b) (i) What is contraception? (ii) Name one form of contraception. Name (c) The diagram shows the bones and a type of joint present in the human hip. (i) Identify the type of joint labelled A. A Type of joint A (ii) Give another location in the human body for the type of joint labelled A. Location (d) Describe, using a word equation, how living things release energy from food. Equation (e) Distinguish between excretion and egestion. Excretion Egestion 2014 J.37 2/20 Page 2 of 20
(f) The diagram shows a human kidney. (i) Name the excretory product produced by the kidney. Name (ii) Name part A of the kidney. Part A A (g) The eggs shown in the photograph are a good source of protein and fat. (i) Name the chemicals or reagent used to test for the presence of protein in eggs. Name (ii) What colour change takes place when egg shows a positive result when testing for protein? Colour change (h) A science student investigated the effect of gravity on the growth response of plants. A diagram of the apparatus used is given below. (i) Give two results that were recorded after 2 weeks. Result 1 Result 2 (ii) What advantage does the plant get from this response? (7 6 + 1 10) 2014 J.37 3/20 Page 3 of 20
Question 2 (a) The diagrams show the human male and female reproductive systems. (39) B C A (i) Name the sex cells produced by structure A and structure C. (6) Sex cell produced by A Sex cell produced by C (ii) Name tube B. (3) Tube B (iii) What is meant by fertilisation in human reproduction? Name the cell formed as a result of fertilisation. (6) Cell formed (b) The diagram shows the human eye. (i) Name the parts labelled A and B. (6) Part A Part B (ii) Give the functions of the cornea and the ciliary muscle. (6) A Pupil Cornea Ciliary muscle B Function of cornea Function of ciliary muscle 2014 J.37 4/20 Page 4 of 20
(c) The diagram shows the human digestive system. (i) Mark clearly on the diagram, using an arrow and the label P, the location of the pancreas. (3) (ii) One function of the pancreas is to produce digestive juices that contain enzymes. What name is given to the substance on which an enzyme acts? (3) (iii) Mark clearly on the diagram, using an arrow and the label L, the location of the liver. (3) (iv) What is the function of the liver? (3) 2014 J.37 5/20 Page 5 of 20
Question 3 (a) The diagram shows an animal cell and its blood supply. (39) Blood vessel (1 cell wide) Animal cell Red blood cell Gas A Nucleus Yellow coloured liquid Waste Gas B Cell membrane (i) Plants produce gas A in a process called photosynthesis, that animal cells need. Identify gas A. (3) Gas A (ii) Give the test that could be used to identify waste gas B. (3) Test (iii) What is the function of red blood cells? (3) (iv) Name the type of blood vessel, shown in the diagram, that delivers materials into and out of animal cells. (3) Name (v) Identify the yellow coloured liquid shown in the blood vessel. Give one function of this liquid. (6) Name of Liquid Function 2014 J.37 6/20 Page 6 of 20
(b) (i) Plants are producers. What is meant by this term? (3) Producer (ii) Describe, using a labelled diagram in the box provided, an experiment to show that starch is produced by a photosynthesising plant. (18) 2014 J.37 7/20 Page 7 of 20
Chemistry Question 4 (52) (a) The kitchen sink shown in the photograph is made from the metal aluminium. Give two properties of a metal that makes it suitable for this use. Property 1 Property 2 (b) What is the ph scale? (c) Fossil fuels are burned to provide energy to generate electricity. (i) Give the name or formula of a compound of sulfur formed when a sulfur-containing fossil fuel burns in air. Name or formula (ii) Name the acid formed when this sulfur compound dissolves in and reacts with water in the atmosphere. Name (d) The statue shown in the photograph is made of the alloy bronze. Name another alloy and give a use for it. Name Use 2014 J.37 8/20 Page 8 of 20
(e) Dmitri Mendeleev (1834-1907) arranged the known elements of the time (and predicted the position of future undiscovered elements) into a table called the Periodic Table. (i) What is an element? What? (ii) By what name are group two elements known? Name (f) Silicon is used in the manufacture of computer chips and other electronic components. Silicon has an atomic number of 14. Give the arrangement of the electrons in an atom of silicon. (g) Explain what an isotope means. Explanation (h) A science student used the apparatus shown to separate a mixture of alcohol and water based on a difference in a property between the two liquids. B (i) What is this property? A What? (ii) Name the piece of apparatus labelled A. Name of A C (iii) Which connection, B or C, is the cold water inlet? B or C? 2014 J.37 9/20 Page 9 of 20 (7 6 + 1 10)
Question 5 (a) A science student prepared and collected a sample of oxygen (O 2 ) gas by decomposing liquid A using solid B as a catalyst. A diagram of the apparatus used is given below. (39) Liquid A Solid B Oxygen gas Water (i) Identify liquid A and solid B. (6) Liquid A Solid B (ii) What is a catalyst? (3) (iii) How could the student show that the gas collected in the gas jar is oxygen? (3) How? (iv) Carbon was burned in O 2 gas and the products tested with moist blue and red litmus papers. Give the result of this litmus test. What conclusion can be drawn from this result? (6) Result Conclusion (v) Write a balanced chemical equation for the preparation of O 2 gas in the school laboratory. (6) 2014 J.37 10/20 Page 10 of 20
(b) Methane (CH 4 ) gas is a molecule that is covalently bonded. (i) What is a molecule? (3) (ii) Define covalent bond. (6) Definition (iii) The atomic number of an atom of the element carbon is 6 and the atomic number of an atom of the element hydrogen is 1. Using the above information, draw a diagram in the box provided, showing the covalent bonding in a molecule of CH 4 gas. (6) 2014 J.37 11/20 Page 11 of 20
Question 6 (a) The diagram shows water being broken down into its elements by passing an electric current through it. The gases released by this process are shown on the diagram. (39) Gas A Gas B Water with some acid (i) What name is given to the process shown in the diagram? (3) (ii) Name Gas B. (3) Name (iii) Give the test for Gas A. (3) Test (iv) Why is some acid added to the water? (3) Why? (v) The volume of Gas A is twice that of Gas B. What does this tell us about the composition of water? (3) (b) The photograph shows limescale deposits on the heating element of a washing machine caused by hard water. (i) Name an element responsible for hardness in water. (3) Name 2014 J.37 12/20 Page 12 of 20
(ii) Give two methods used to remove hardness from water. (6) Method 1 Method 2 (iii) Describe a test that distinguishes between hard and soft water. (6) Test (c) Three coloured water-soluble inks were set up on a piece of chromatography paper as shown in the diagram. Chromatography paper Line of ink spots Water A B C (i) Why is each ink dot above the level of the liquid in the jar? (3) Why? (ii) Which water-soluble ink consists of a single-colour dye? Give a reason for your answer. (6) Which? Reason 2014 J.37 13/20 Page 13 of 20
Physics Question 7 (52) (a) Identify the piece of measurement apparatus shown. Give a use for this piece of apparatus. Name Use (b) Give two differences between heat and temperature. 1 2 (c) The photograph shows a pressure cooker. (i) Define pressure. (ii) What effect does an increase in pressure have on the boiling point of water in the pressure cooker? What? (d) (i) Mark clearly on the photograph of the pliers, using an arrow and the label A, the location where a person can apply a force. (ii) Mark clearly on the photograph of the pliers, using an arrow and the label F, the location of the fulcrum. 2014 J.37 14/20 Page 14 of 20
(e) An electrical current is passed through an 8 ohm (Ω) resistor. The potential difference (voltage) across the resistor is 10 volts (V). Calculate the current passing through the resistor. Give the unit of current with your answer. Calculate (f) The experiment shown can be used to demonstrate that water transfers heat energy by two different methods. Identify the two methods of heat transfer demonstrated by this experiment. Method 1 Method 2 Wire gauze Ice Boiling water Test tube Steam (g) Identify two features of the mula 1 car shown in the diagram that make it stable when cornering at high speed. Feature 1 Feature 2 (h) A science student carried out an experiment to find the density of a stone. The diagram shows the apparatus used to determine the volume of the stone. (i) The stone had a mass of 225 g and a volume of 125 cm 3. Calculate the density of the stone. Give the units of density with your answer. (ii) Why did the stone sink in the water? Why? (7 6 + 1 10) 2014 J.37 15/20 Page 15 of 20
Question 8 (39) (a) A science student investigated an effect of an electric current. A diagram of the apparatus used is given below. Magnetic compass S N (i) What was observed when the switch was closed in the electric circuit? (3) (ii) What conclusion can be drawn from this investigation? (6) (iii) What type of electrical current, alternating or direct, is produced by a battery as a result of performing this experiment? (6) Explain your answer. Explanation (iv) Name another effect of an electric current. Give one everyday application of this effect. (6) Other effect Everyday application 2014 J.37 16/20 Page 16 of 20
(b) (i) Name the unit of electrical energy that companies supplying electricity use to bill their consumers. (3) Name (ii) Calculate the cost of using the washing machine, shown in the diagram, for eight hours, if a unit of electricity costs 15 cent. (6) 3 kw power Calculate (c) A science student investigated the dispersion of white light. A diagram of the apparatus used is given below. Ray box A White screen (i) Name the part labelled A. (3) Name (ii) What is the function of part A? (3) (iii) What word is used to describe the change of direction of light as it enters and leaves part A? (3) 2014 J.37 17/20 Page 17 of 20
Question 9 (39) (a) A science student investigated the motion of a car travelling along a road. The data from the investigation are shown in the table below. Speed (m/s) 0 2 4 6 8 10 Time (s) 0 1 2 3 4 5 (i) Draw a graph of speed versus time using the grid below. (6) 10 8 Speed (m/s) 6 4 2 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 Time (s) (ii) Use the graph to estimate the speed of the car after 3.5 seconds. (3) (iii) Use the data from the graph to estimate the acceleration of the car. Give the units of acceleration with your answer. (6) (b) The diagram shows a three-pin plug. B (i) Name the wires labelled A and B. (6) Wire A Wire B A Fuse C 2014 J.37 18/20 Page 18 of 20
(ii) Give the colour of the plastic insulation on the wire labelled C. (3) Colour (iii) How does the fuse in the three-pin plug work for our protection? (6) How? (c) A science student carried out an investigation to measure the resistance of an LDR under varying degrees of brightness of light (light intensity). The graph below shows the results obtained. 6400 3200 Resistance (ohms) 1600 800 400 0 500 1000 1500 2000 Light intensity (lux) (i) What do the letters LDR stand for? (3) (ii) What piece of equipment was used to measure the resistance of the LDR? (3) (iii) Give one method of varying the brightness of light falling on the LDR. (3) Method 2014 J.37 19/20 Page 19 of 20
EXTRA WORK SPACE Indicate clearly the number and part of the question(s) that you are answering. 2014 J.37 20/20 Page 20 of 20