Intensity Mapping for the Impatient Experimentalist garrett.keating@cfa.harvard.edu Garrett Karto Keating Submillimeter Array Fellow Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Aspen Winter Conference January 5 th, 2018
The Power of the Shot Why target the Poissondominated portion of the power spectrum? Li et al., 2016 Intensity Mapping for the Impatient Experimentalist 1/12
Think Big, Go Small! SZA Dishes The CO Power Spectrum Survey (COPSS) COPSS Collaborators: Karto Keating (PI; SAO, formerly Berkeley/UCPD) Geoff Bower (ASIAA) Erik Leitch (CalTech) John Carlstrom (Chicago) Dan Marrone (Arizona) Tzu-Ching Chang (ASIAA) Amber Miller (Columbia) Dave Deboer (Berkeley) Stephan Muchovej (CalTech) Chris Greer (Arizona) Dick Plambeck (Berkeley) Carl Heiles (Berkeley) David Woody (CalTech) James Lamb (CalTech) Intensity Mapping for the Impatient Experimentalist 2/12
COPSS Power Spectrum Results CO Power Spectrum CO Redshift Evolution First (tentative) detection! P CO = 3.0 +).* ().* 10 * μk 1 Mpc/h * Weak evidence ( 1σ) of increasing power with decreasing redshift. Keating et al., 2016 Intensity Mapping for the Impatient Experimentalist 3/12
Future CO/[CII] Intensity Mapping 500 Weaker Shot Power The Millimeter Intensity Mapping Experiment (mmime): It only looks like there s nothing there Stronger Lower Expected SNR Higher Observing Freq (GHz) 400 300 200 100 50 20 VLA ACA SMA CO(1 0) CO(2 1) CO(3 2) CO(4 3) CI CII CO(7 6) CO(6 5) CO(5 4) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Redshift (z) VLA, ACA and SMA are well-suited for intensity mapping cross-correlation studies! Karto Keating (PI; CfA/SAO) Geoff Bower (ASIAA) Tzu-Ching Chang (ASIAA) Anastasia Fialkov (CfA) Avi Loeb (CfA) Natalie Mashian (CfA) Dan Marrone (Arizona) Wei-Hao Wang (ASIAA) Intensity Mapping for the Impatient Experimentalist 4/12
ALMA Archival Analysis 5 4 10 4 3 2 1 10 3 0-1 The ALMA archive contains a wealth of suitable data, but reconfigurability of the instrument makes analysis of these data a challenge. 10 2 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 5 10 4 10 3 10 2 10 4 10 5 10 6-2 -3-4 -5 0 0.5 1 Intensity Mapping for the Impatient Experimentalist 5/12
Recent Progress with mmime 3 2 1 10 4 Couplet First-Last Even-Odd X-Window Estimated 1 Error Analysis of pilot data is nearing completion, dealing with interferometric mosaicking was non-trivial! 6000 4000 2000 0 0-1 -2-3 10 Jackknife tests are clean for ACA, minor issues remain in VLA results. -2000-4000 -6000 10 Couplet First-Last Even-Odd X-Window Estimated 1 Error Intensity Mapping for the Impatient Experimentalist 6/12
Recent Progress with mmime Lots of work with the SMA dealing with calibration challenges, awarded a 600 hr program for Nov 2018! Intensity Mapping for the Impatient Experimentalist 7/12
Science Goals with mmime Expected SNR Stronger Lower Higher Popping et al., 2015 Shot Power Weaker 500 COPSS II SMA+ 8 10 ρ(h2 ) (M Mpc 3 ) CII 200 SMA 300 CO (6 CO CI (4 3 ) CO (5 4) (3 (2 ) 1 0) 0 CO (7 5 6) ) CO CO (1 CO 100 ALMA Observing Freq (GHz) 400 1 2 Keres et al. (2003) ALMA ALMA ALMA SMA 7 10 Walter et al. (2014) Popping et al. (2015; fiducial) CO(1-0) CO(2-1) CO(3-2) CO(4-3) CO(5-4) CO(6-5) 2 ) 3 SMA+ VLA SMA+ 4 Redshift (z) 5 6 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 Redshift (z) Physical conditions of high-z molecular gas Cosmic molecular gas abundance Feedback/quenching at high redshift Resolving sources in the sub-mm sky Probing galaxies in the epoch of reionization via [CII] Suitability of cold gas tracers for cosmology Intensity Mapping for the Impatient Experimentalist 8/12
Technical Goals with mmime Beyond the goals for astrophysics, we have three technically-oriented goals for mmime: - Constrain A CO/[CII] as a function of mass and redshift (or at least bt ) - Constrain scatter of relation between halo mass and CO/[CII] luminosity (σ => and σ =?? ) - Constrain how well-correlated different lines of the same molecular are with one another Intensity Mapping for the Impatient Experimentalist 9/12
Technical Goals with mmime Popping et al., 2015 Intensity Mapping for the Impatient Experimentalist 10/12
Technical Goals with mmime 10 4 CO Total CO(1-0) CO(2-1) CO(3-2) CO(4-3) CO(5-4) CO(6-5) CO(7-6) Mashian+ 2015 Silva+ 2015 ACA-Pilot SMA-Pilot CII Upper Limit (Matsuda+ 2015) 10 3 COPSS II (Keating+ 2016) VLA-Pilot SMA ASPECS Minimum (Decarli+ 2016) 10 2 30 60 100 200 300 = P k /D B 1 yd = P k /X 1 Y Intensity Mapping for the Impatient Experimentalist 11/12
Comments and Questions Concluding points: Measuring shot power of CO/[CII] offers an inexpensive way to probe cold gas at high redshift that is highly compatible with large-volume direct detection surveys Pilot survey results from mmime are promising, following a similar technical development path as COPSS The first generation of experiments and instruments are coming online now, stay tuned! garrett.keating@cfa.harvard.edu garrett.keating@cfa.harvard.edu 12/12