THE OXFORD HANDBOOK OF REFUGEE AND FORCED MIGRATION STUDIES Edited by ELENA FIDDIAN-QASMIYEH GIL LOESCHER KATY LONG NANDO SIGONA OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
C o n t e n t s List o f Abbreviations List o f Contributors xix xxv l. In tro d u c tio n : R efugee a n d F o rced M ig ra tio n S tu d ies in T ra n sitio n E len a F id d ia n -Q a s m iy e h, G il Lo e s c h e r, K aty Lo n g, a n d N a n d o Sig o n a 1 PART I APPROACHES: OLD AND NEW 2 H isto rie s o f R efugee a n d F o rced M ig ra tio n S tudies Je r o m e E lie 3. T he In te rn a tio n a l Law o f R efugee P ro te c tio n 23 36 G uy S. G o o d w in -G ill 4. P o litical T heory, E thics, a n d F o rced M ig ra tio n 48 M a t t h e w J. G ib n ey 5. In te rn a tio n a l R elatio n s a n d F o rced M ig ra tio n 60 A l e x a n d e r Betts 6. A n th ro p o lo g y a n d F o rced M ig ra tio n D a w n C h a t t y 7. S o cio lo g y a n d F o rced M ig ra tio n 74 86 F in n St e p p u t a t a n d N in n a N yb er g So r e n s e n 8. L iv elih o o d s a n d F o rced M ig ra tio n K a r e n Ja c o b se n 9. G e o g ra p h ie s o f F o rced M ig ra tio n 99 112 M ic h a e l C olly er
XiV CONTENTS PART II SHIFTING SPACES AND SCENARIOS OF DISPLACEMENT 10. E n c a m p m e n t a n d S e lf-se ttle m e n t 127 O liv e r Ba k e w e l l 11. U rb a n R efugees a n d ID P s 139 Lo r e n B. La n d a u 12. P ro tra c te d R efugee S itu a tio n s 151 Ja m es M il n e r 13. In te rn a l D isp la c e m e n t 163 W a lter K ä l in 14. R efugees, D iasp o ras, a n d T ra n sn a tio n a lism 176 N ic h o l a s Va n H ea r 15. F o rced M ig ra n ts as Illeg al M ig ra n ts 188 St e p h a n Sc h e e l a n d V ic k i Sq u ir e PART III LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL RESPONSES TO FORCED MIGRATION 16. H u m a n R ig h ts a n d F o rced M ig ra tio n 203 Ja n e M c A d a m 17. U N H C R a n d F o rced M ig ra tio n 215 G il Lo e s c h e r 18. U N R W A a n d P a le stin ia n R efugees 227 Su s a n A k r a m 19. R efugees a n d H u m a n ita ria n is m 241 M ic h a e l Ba r n e t t 20. S tate C o n tro ls: B o rd ers, R efugees, a n d C itiz e n sh ip 253 R a n d a l l H a n s e n 21. T h e S e c u ritiz a tio n o f F o rc e d M ig ra tio n 265 A n n e H a m m e r s t a d
CONTENTS 22. P ro te c tio n G aps 278 Vo l k e r T ü r k a n d R e b e c c a D o w d 23. S tatelessn ess 290 A l ic e E d w a r d s a n d La u r a van W aas 24. H u m a n ita ria n R efo rm : F ro m C o o rd in a tio n to C lu sters 302 Sim o n Ru ssell a n d V ic k y T e n n a n t PART IV ROOT CAUSES OF DISPLACEMENT 25. C o n flic t a n d C risis In d u c e d D isp la c e m e n t Sa r a h K e n y o n L is c h e r 26. D e v e lo p m e n t C re a te d P o p u la tio n D isp la c e m e n t 317 330 C h r is t o p h e r M c D o w e l l 27. T he E n v iro n m e n t-m o b ility N exus: R e c o n c e p tu a lizin g th e L in k s b e tw e e n E n v iro n m e n ta l Stress, (Im )m o b ility, a n d P o w er R o g e r Z e t t e r a n d Ja m es M o r r issey 28. T rafficking B r id g e t A n d e r s o n 342 355 PART V LIVED EXPERIENCES AND REPRESENTATIONS OF FORCED MIGRATION 29. T he P olitics o f R efugee V oices: R e p re se n ta tio n s, N arrativ es, a n d M e m o rie s N a n d o Sig o n a 30. C h ild re n a n d F o rced M ig ra tio n Ja s o n H a r t 31. G e n d e r a n d F o rced M ig ra tio n E l e n a F id d ia n -Q a s m iy e h 32. O ld e r R efugees 369 383 395 4 0 9 C l a u d io B o l z m a n
XVi CONTENTS 33. D isab ility a n d F o rced M ig ra tio n M a n s h a M ir z a 34. H e a lth a n d F o rced M ig ra tio n A la sta ir A g e r 35. R eligion a n d F o rced M ig ra tio n D a vid H o l l e n b a c h, SJ 36. T he M e d ia a n d R e p re se n ta tio n s o f R efugees a n d O th e r F o rced M ig ra n ts 4 2 0 433 447 4 6 0 T e r e n c e W r ig h t PART VI RETHINKING DURABLE SOLUTIONS 37. R e th in k in g D u ra b le S o lu tio n s K aty Lo n g 38. L ocal In te g ra tio n 475 488 Lu c y H o v il 39. V o lu n ta ry R e p a tria tio n a n d R e in te g ra tio n La u r a H a m m o n d 499 40. R efugee R e se ttle m e n t 512 Jo a n n e van Selm 41. B u rd e n S h a rin g a n d R efugee P ro te c tio n 525 M a r t in G o t t w a l d PART VII REGIONAL STUDIES: CURRENT REALITIES AND FUTURE CHALLENGES 42. F o rced M ig ra tio n in W est A frica M a r io n F resia 43. F o rced M ig ra tio n in S o u th e rn A frica Jo n a t h a n C r u sh a n d A bel C h ik a n d a 541 554
CONTEN' ts xvii 44. F o rced M ig ra tio n in th e G re a t Lakes a n d H o rn o f A frica G a im K ib r ea b 45. F o rced M ig ra tio n in th e M id d le E ast a n d N o rth A frica Sa r i H a n a f i 46. F o rc e d M ig ra tio n in B ro a d e r C e n tra l A sia A l e s sa n d r o M o n s u t t i a n d Bay r a m Balci 47. F o rced M ig ra tio n in S o u th A sia 571 585 599 613 Pa u l a Ba n e r je e 48. F o rced M ig ra tio n in S o u th -E a st A sia a n d E ast A sia 626 K ir s t e n M c C o n n a c h ie 49. F o rced M ig ra tio n in A u stralia, N ew Z e a la n d, a n d th e Pacific A n n e M c N e v in 50. F o rc e d M ig ra tio n in S o u th A m e ric a 639 651 Jose H. Fis c h e l de A n d r a d e 51. F o rced M ig ra tio n in C e n tra l A m e ric a a n d th e C a rib b e a n : C o o p e ra tio n a n d C h allen g es 664 M e g a n Br a d ley 52. F o rced M ig ra tio n in N o rth A m e ric a Su s a n F. M a r t in 53. F o rced M ig ra tio n in E u ro p e 677 690 R o l a n d Ba n k Name Index Subject Index 703 705