Zero Grade Level: 1-3 Teacher Guidelines pages 1 2 Instructional Pages pages 3 5 Activity Page pages 6 Practice Page page 7 Homework Page page 8 Answer Key page 9
Classroom Procedure: Approximate Grade Level: 1 3 1. Using an empty or blank display, ask students: What do you see on the (board)? 2. Allow for responses and discussion. Ask other leading questions such as: Is there anything there? What are other words you can use for nothing? 3. Allow for more responses and discussion. Introduce zero. 4. Distribute Zero content pages. Read and review the information with the students. Save the final question for lesson closing. Use the additional resources to enhance understanding. 5. Distribute Activity page. Read and review the instructions. Pair students. Encourage the students to be creative. Give a couple examples. (One day Ziggy Zero realized he had zero fingers and toes. He had to add ten to himself to get ten fingers. And he was part of the ten.) 6. Distribute Practice page. Check and review the students responses. 7. Distribute the Homework page. The next day, allow students to share their pictures. Display pictures in a special place in the classroom. 8. In closing, ask: What is your favorite thing about the special number, zero? Why? 9. Allow for responses and discussion. Objectives:The students will be able to define zero, identify uses for zero, and give a brief history of zero. Common Core State Standards: CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.1.NBT.B.2.C CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.1.NBT.C.6 CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.2.NB T.A.1.BNone for Grade 3 Class Sessions (45 minutes): 1 2 class sessions. Teaching Materials/Worksheets: Zero content pages (2), Activity page, Practice page, Homework page Student Supplies: handouts, Prepare Ahead of Time: Pair students for activity. Copy handouts. Options for Lesson: Students may work alone or in larger groups for the activity. Instead of a story, students write a poem, create a board game, etc. Allow students to do the Homework page in class. Use a thermometer to introduce 0 degrees and there are numbers above and below zero. Plan a Zero Day and do activities related to zero such as: Zero talking for one hour, earn zeros for doing good deeds, etc. 1
Teacher Notes Many kids know that zero means nothing, and the lesson briefly gives a history of zero and the many times it is used in math. Though students at this age may not have learned multiplication facts, zero is discusses as it related to the operation. Zero as a place value is also introduced. The lesson could be used in conjunction with place value lessons and as a prelude to adding and subtracting lessons. Additional Resources: Content: https://www.mathsisfun.com/definitions/zero.html http://wiki.kidzsearch.com/wiki/zerohttp://mocomi.com/who-invented-zero/ https://www.redbubble.com/people/sastro/writing/1450736-the-story-of-number-zero http://mathforum.org/library/drmath/view/52566.html Worksheets: http://www.softschools.com/handwriting/numbers/number_0_worksheets/ http://www.lessonpathways.com/pathways/detail/11543/working-with-zero http://www.worksheetfun.com/2016/02/23/adding-0-adding-zero-one-worksheet/ http://www.activityvillage.co.uk/zero-handwriting-worksheet http://www.homeschoolmath.net/teaching/md/zero_one_division.php https://www.myskillstutor.com/guides/classroomguide/mffworksheets.pdf Videos: http://thekidshouldseethis.com/post/the-story-of-zero-getting-something-from-nothing (4 min) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fbo9udugpek (1 min) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=equua74b2fw (2 min) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xr0pi4daq8w (1 min-song) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3t54xbsms8m (2 min-with song) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l6qt-dn1a6m (1 min) 2
Zero: A Special Number When you first learned how to count, most likely you began with 1 (one) and ended with 10 (ten). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 However, there was a special number missing, even though it was part of the counting numbers. The special number is zero. Zero is nothing, no things at all, none. The symbol for zero is 0. Be careful you do not get it mixed up with the capital or lowercase letter O, o. Other words used for zero include nothing, nil, blank, naught, nada, none and many others. In the game of tennis, when a player has zero points, they use the word love for zero. A few slang words for zero include zip, goose egg, and zilch.many people believe zero has no value, but the value of zero is 0. If there are 3 dogs in a room, the value for the number of dogs is 3. If there are zero dogs in the room, the value for the number of dogs is 0. History of Zero You would think the number zero was being used before the other numbers; however, the numbers one through nine have been used much longer than zero. Zero is a newer idea and was created in the country of India and in Central America at different times in history. In fact, it was only about 1,500 years ago, during the 5 th century (400s), that zero became the number you use today. The number was invented by three different groups of people who have never met: Babylonians, Indians (not Native Americans), and the Mayans. Before that time, a concept of nothing was used, but it did not include the number 0 that is used today. At times the symbol for zero was a dot or a pair of angled or slanted lines. Zero, the current symbol (0), was first used as a placeholder in a calendar. Later, it began appearing in math equations and problems as simple as 1 + 0. Today, the number zero is used in a field of mathematics called calculus, as well as used quite often for physics, engineering, computers, and economics. There is much more about the history of zero, and today there are many times when you can use the special number zero. 3
Uses for Zero How can you use the number zero? On a number line, you start with zero: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 The number 0 can be used when adding, subtracting, and multiplying: + Adding any number to zero will give you the same number. - Subtracting zero from any number gives you the same number 3 + 0 = 3 1 + 0 = 1 5 + 0 = 5 0 + 0 = 0 2 0 = 2 6 0 = 6 0 0 = 0 4 0 = 4 x Multiplying any number by zero always equals zero. 2 x 0 = 0 3 x 0 = 0 8 x 0 = 8 7 x 0 = 7 You cannot divide a number by zero. It has no answer. Think about it. If you had 3 cookies and there were no friends to share them with, they cannot be divided. However, 0 3 = 0. Zero can be used as a placeholder. 10 1 ten and zero ones 205 Zero is the ten s placeholder 250 There are zero ones 40 4 tens and zero ones 300 Zero tens and ones 1,000 One thousand uses 3-0s 4
Without the number zero, we would only have the numbers 1 thru 9. When the number 0 is used for counting in time, it means NOW. For example, before a rocket is sent into space there is a countdown. As the time is closer for lift-off, there is a 10-second countdown: 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 which means NOW and the rocket is sent into space. Finally, zero is also an even number, just like 2, 4, 6, and 8. An even number can be divided evenly by 2 and zero divided in half is still zero. Any number that ends in zero is also even: 10, 20, 100, 500, 1,000. Zero is a special number with many uses. You often use the number zero without realizing it. A parent may ask, Do you have any homework assignments to do? You answer, No, I don t have any. Your answer could be, I have zero assignments. What is your favorite thing about the special number, zero? Why? 5
Activity Name Date Instructions 1. Review the information about Zero with your partner. 2. You will include it as part of an imaginary story involving a character named Zero. 3. You may also give the imaginary character a first or last name. 4. The story must include facts about the real zero. BE CREATIVE! 5. Write a few notes, do a rough draft, and when ready begin your story with these words: Once upon a time 6
Practice Name Date Add, Subtract, or Multiply 2 + 0 = 5 0 = 2 x 0 = 3 0 = 7 x 0 = 3 x 0 = 12 x 0 = 4 + 0 = 11 0 = 0 + 0 = 4 0 = 6 0 = 10 x 0 = 0 0 = 5 x 0 = 1 0 = 1 + 0 = 8 + 0 0 + 4 = 0 + 9 = 0 x 0 = 0 x 8 = 21 0 = 9 x 0 = 35 0 = 15 + 0 = 17 x 0 = 9 0 = 45 + 0 = 8 x 0 = Answer each 1. Write three other words used for the number zero: 2. What is the value of zero? 3. In history, which numbers have been used longer? (Circle) 1 9 or 0 4. Which of the following countries was zero first used? (Circle) United States India Italy 5. True or False: A dot was once used as a symbol for the number zero. 6. Zero is used in calculus. Name 2 other places it is used: 7. Circle the number zero: o O 0 8. Create a number line showing zero: 9. Show two ways zero is used as a placeholder: 10. True or False: You can divide a number by zero. 11. Adding any number to zero will give you (the same a different) number. 12. Subtracting from any number gives you the same number. 13. Multiplying any number by always equals zero. 14. When the number 0 is used for counting in time it means. 15. How many zeroes would be used if you counted from 0 to 30? Write & circle them below: 7
Homework Name Date Draw a picture with ZERO in the center. Be creative. 0 8
Practice Name Answer Key Date Add, Subtract, or Multiply 2 + 0 = 2 5 0 = 5 2 x 0 = 0 3 0 = 3 7 x 0 = 0 3 x 0 = 0 12 x 0 = 0 4 + 0 = 4 11 0 = 11 0 + 0 = 0 4 0 = 4 6 0 = 6 10 x 0 = 0 0 0 = 0 5 x 0 = 0 1 0 = 1 1 + 0 = 1 8 + 0 8 0 + 4 = 4 0 + 9 = 9 0 x 0 = 0 0 x 8 = 0 21 0 = 21 9 x 0 = 0 35 0 = 35 15 + 0 = 15 17 x 0 = 17 9 0 = 9 45 + 0 = 45 8 x 0 = 0 Answer each 1. Write three other words used for the number zero: nothing, nil, blank, naught, nada, none (or slang) 2. What is the value of zero? 0 3. In history, which numbers have been used longer? (Circle) 1 9 or 0 4. Which of the following countries was zero first used? (Circle) United States India Italy 5. True or False: A dot was once used as a symbol for the number zero. 6. Zero is used in calculus. Name 2 other places it is used: physics, engineering, computers, and economics 7. Circle the number zero: o O 0 8. Create a number line showing zero: must start at zero and extend to any number 9. Show two ways zero is used as a placeholder: 10, 50, 100, 705, etc. 10. True or False: You can divide a number by zero. 11. Adding any number to zero will give you (the same a different) number. 12. Subtracting zero from any number gives you the same number. 13. Multiplying any number by zero always equals zero. 14. When the number 0 is used for counting in time it means now. 15. How many zeroes would be used if you counted from 0 to 30? 4 Write & circle them below: 0, 10, 20, 30 9