Ecology Week 1 Assignment. This week's assignment will count as a quiz grade. Please speak to Mr. Roes about any questions that you would like help on! 1. The fact that no organism exists as an entity separate and distinct from its environment is a major concept in the branch of biology known as 1. cytology 3. genetics 2. biochemistry 4. ecology 2. Which is an abiotic factor that would affect the ability of a species of tree to survive in a particular habitat? 1. availability of minerals in the soil 2. type and number of tree parasites present 3. climax vegetation of the area 4. type and number of herbivores present 4. The exchange of useful chemicals between organisms and their abiotic environment is an example of 1. a material cycle 3. a limiting factor 2. competition 4. succession 5. The study of the interactions between organisms and their interrelationships with the physical environment is known as 1. ecology 3. embryology 2. cytology 4. physiology 3. 6. In an abandoned field, the gradual replacement of grasses by shrubs and then by trees is known as 1. predation 3. ecological succession 2. saprophytism 4. transfer of energy 7. Figure 1 The diagram shows living and nonliving factors and the interaction between them. The diagram best represents 1. a species 3. a community 2. a population 4. an ecosystem Figure 2 If birds eat insects that feed on corn, which pyramid level in the diagram would birds occupy? 1. A 3. C 2. B 4. D castlelearning.com/ /AssignmentPrintin 1/6
8. Figure 3 Which is an abiotic factor that functions as a limiting factor for the autotrophs in the ecosystem represented in the diagram? 1. grasshopper 3. fish 2. light 4. hawk 9. When animals excrete nitrogenous wastes into the soil, certain soil bacteria convert these wastes into nitrates, which are absorbed by plants. These soil bacteria function as 1. autotrophs 3. decomposers 2. secondary consumers 4. abiotic factors 10. Years after the lava from an erupting volcano destroyed an area, lichens started to grow in that area. These were gradually replaced by grasses, shrubs, conifers, and finally, by a deciduous forest. The process described above is known as 1. photosynthesis 3. ecological succession 2. species preservation 4. conservation castlelearning.com/ /AssignmentPrintin 2/6
11. Which type of scientist is generally most involved with the study of the interdependence of organisms and their dependence on abiotic factors? 1. a biochemist 3. a physiologist 2. an immunologist 4. an ecologist 12. As used in biology, the term "population" refers to the 1. role that all species play in their environment 2. interactions of plants and animals in an ecosystem 3. members of a single species in a given area 4. position of an organism in a food chain 13. 15. Figure 5 In the diagram of the nitrogen cycle, letters A through E represent organisms carrying on a process at that particular point in the cycle. Letter B represents 1. scavengers 3. autotrophs 2. decomposers 4. carnivores Figure 4 What are the abiotic factors represented in this illustration of an aquarium? 1. snail, gravel, and water 2. snail, fish, and plants 3. water, light, and gravel 4. plants, light and water 14. Over a period of time, biotic communities sequentially replace one another on abandoned farmland in the process known as 1. gradualism 3. ecological succession 2. geographic isolation 4. replication 16. A certain plant requires moisture, oxygen, carbon dioxide, light, and minerals in order to survive. This statement shows that a living organism depends on 1. biotic factors 2. abiotic factors 3. symbiotic relationships 4. carnivore-herbivore relationships 17. Which sequence shows a correct pathway for the flow of energy in a food chain? 1. bacteria grass fox owl 2. grass grasshopper frog snake 3. fungi beetle algae mouse 4. algae snake duck deer castlelearning.com/ /AssignmentPrintin 3/6
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18. 21. Which ecological term includes everything represented in the illustration below? Figure 6 A pond ecosystem is represented in the diagram. Energy for this ecosystem originally comes from 1. water 3. sunlight 2. consumers 4. plants 19. Which statement best describes a characteristic of an ecosystem? 1. It must have producers and consumers but not decomposers. 2. It is stable because it has consumers to recycle energy. 3. It always has two or more different autotrophs filling the same niche. 4. It must have organisms that carry out autotrophic nutrition. 20. Which statement illustrates a biotic resource interacting with an abiotic resource? 1. A rock moves during an earthquake. 2. A sea turtle transports a pilot fish to food. 3. A plant absorbs sunlight, which is used for photosynthesis. 4. A wind causes waves to form on a lake. 1. ecosystem 3. population 2. community 4. species 22. Which statement best describes what happens to energy and molecules in a stable ecosystem? 1. Both energy and molecules are recycled in an ecosystem. 2. Neither energy nor molecules are recycled in an ecosystem. 3. Energy is recycled and molecules are continuously added to the ecosystem. 4. Energy is continuously added to the ecosystem and molecules are recycled. 23. Lichens and mosses are the first organisms to grow in an area. Over time, grasses and shrubs will grow where these organisms have been. The grasses and shrubs are able to grow in the area because the lichens and mosses 1. synthesize food needed by producers in the area 2. are at the beginning of every food chain in a community 3. make the environment suitable for complex plants 4. provide the enzymes needed for plant growth castlelearning.com/ /AssignmentPrintin 5/6
24. Which information concerning a desert is provided by the quotation below? "The desert is arid, with less than 25 cm of rain per year. The plants are spaced far apart, or are grouped around water sources. Most of the animals are active at night." 1. daily temperature range and types of autotrophs 2. time of rainy season and type of food used by heterotrophs 3. identity of a limiting factor and behavior of heterotrophs 4. type of nutrition in animals and distribution of autotrophs 25. Which relationship best describes the interactions between lettuce and a rabbit? 1. predator prey 2. producer consumer 3. parasite host 4. decomposer scavenger castlelearning.com/ /AssignmentPrintin 6/6