Skills Worksheet Chapter Review USING KEY TERMS For each pair of terms, explain how the meanings of the terms differ. 1. true north and magnetic north 2. latitude and longitude 3. equator and prime meridian 4. cylindrical projection and azimuthal projection 5. contour interval and index contour 6. global positioning system and geographic information system UNDERSTANDING KEY IDEAS Multiple Choice 7. A point whose latitude is 0º is located on the a. North Pole. c. South Pole. b. equator. d. prime meridian. 8. The distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian is a. latitude. c. longitude. b. declination. d. projection. Holt Science and Technology 29 Maps as Models of the Earth
9. Widely spaced contour lines indicate a a. steep slope. c. hill. b. gentle slope. d. river. 10. The most common map projections are based on three geometric shapes. Which of the following geometric shapes is NOT one of the three geometric shapes? a. cylinder c. cone b. square d. plane 11. A cylindrical projection is distorted near the a. equator. c. prime meridian. b. poles. d. date line. 12. What is the relationship between the distance on a map and the actual distance on Earth called? a. legend c. relief b. elevation d. scale 13. is the height of an object above sea level. a. Contour interval c. Declination b. Elevation d. Index contour Short Answer 14. List four methods that modern mapmakers use to make accurate maps. 15. Why is a map legend important? 16. Why does Greenland appear so large in relation to other landmasses on a map made using a cylindrical projection? 17. What is the function of contour lines on a topographic map? Holt Science and Technology 30 Maps as Models of the Earth
18. How can GPS help you find your location on Earth? 19. What is GIS? CRITICAL THINKING 20. Concept Mapping Use the following terms to create a concept map: maps, legend, map projection, map parts, scale, cylinder, title, cone, plane, date, and compass rose. Holt Science and Technology 31 Maps as Models of the Earth
21. Making Inferences One of the important parts of a map is its date. Why is the date important? 22. Analyzing Ideas Why is it important for maps to have scales? 23. Applying Concepts Imagine that you are looking at a topographic map of the Grand Canyon. Would the contour lines be spaced close together or far apart? Explain your answer. 24. Analyzing Processes How would a GIS system help a team of engineers plan a new highway system for a city? 25. Making Inferences If you were stranded in a national park, what kind of map of the park would you want to have with you? Explain your answer. Holt Science and Technology 32 Maps as Models of the Earth
INTERPRETING GRAPHICS Use the topographic map below to answer the questions that follow. 26. What is the elevation change between two adjacent lines on this map? 27. What type of relief does this area have? 28. What surface features are shown on this map? 29. What is the elevation at the top of Ore Hill? Holt Science and Technology 33 Maps as Models of the Earth