This tl serves t help us analyze the gaps in ur curriculum as we mve t the new standards. The Bilgy I ideal percentage f items aids in the vertical alignment t infrm pacing that allws ur students t gain the skills and knwledge needed t be successful as they mve frm grade- t- grade. Current- PASS (2011) Standards- Tested thrugh 2015-16 Science/Inquiry Prcesses P1.0 Observe and Measure Qualitative/Quantitative Observatins/Changes Apprpriate Tls and Use Apprpriate System Internatinal SI (metric) Units P2.0 Classify 2.1 Use Observable Prperties t Classify 2.2 Identify Prperties f a Classificatin System P3.0 Experimental Design 3.1 Evaluate the Design f Investigatins 3.2 Identify Cntrlled Variables and Experimental Cntrls in an Experiment and 3.4 Identify a Testable Hypthesis in a Bilgy Investigatin 3.3 Use Mathematics t Shw Relatinships 3.5 Identify Ptential Hazards and Practice Safety Prcedures in all Science Activities P4.0 Interpret and Cmmunicate 4.1 Select Predictins Based n Observed Patterns f Evidence 4.3 Interpret Line, Bar, Trend, and Circle Graphs 4.4 Accept r Reject a Hypthesis 4.5 Make Lgical Cnclusins Based n Experimental Data 4.8 Identify an Apprpriate Graph r Chart P5.0 Mdel 5.1 Interpret a Mdel which Explains a Given Set f Observatins 5.2 Select Predictins Based n Mdels, Using Mathematics (T be taught thrughut the year) New Oklahma Academic Standards- T be tested 2016-17 Science and Engineering Practices 1. Asking questins (fr science) and defining prblems (fr engineering) 2. Develping and using mdels 3. Planning and carrying ut investigatins 4. Analyzing and interpreting data Analyzing data in 9 12 builds n K 8 and prgresses t intrducing mre detailed statistical analysis, the cmparisn f data sets fr cnsistency, and the use f mdels t generate and analyze data. (Apply cncepts f statistics and prbability (including determining functin fi t data, slpe, intercept, and crrelatin cefficient fr linear fits) t scientific and engineering questins and prblems, using digital tls when feasible.) 5. Using mathematics and cmputatinal thinking 6. Cnstructing explanatins (fr science) and designing slutins (fr engineering) 7. Engaging in argument frm evidence 8. Obtaining, evaluating, and cmmunicating infrmatin (T be embedded with the crsscutting cncepts in all instructinal units s that students gain the skills needed t deepen their understanding f the Disciplinary Cre Ideas as demnstrated thrugh the Perfrmance Expectatins.) Bilgy I EOI Ideal % f Test Items (2014-15 BP) ü P1.0- (10%) ü P2.0- (12-13%) ü P3.0- (27-32%) ü P4.0- (33-40%) ü P5.0- (13%) 1
Current- PASS (2011) Standards- Tested thrugh 2015-16 C1.0 The Cell Cells are the fundamental unit f life, cmpsed f a variety f structures that perfrm functins necessary t maintain life. C1.1- Cells are cmpsed f a variety f structures such as the nucleus, cell/plasma membrane, cell wall, cytplasm, ribsmes, mitchndria, and chlrplasts. a. The cell/plasma membrane functins (i.e., active transprt, passive transprt, diffusin, smsis, and surface area t vlume rati) t maintain hmestasis. b. Differentiate amng hyptnic, hypertnic, and istnic cnditins. c. Cmpare and cntrast prkarytic and eukarytic cells. C1.2. In multicellular rganisms, cells have levels f rganizatin (i.e., cells, tissues, rgans, rgan systems, rganisms). C1.3. Specialized cells enable rganisms t mnitr what is ging n in the wrld arund them (e.g., detect light, sund, specific chemicals, gravity, plant trpism, sense rgans, and hmestasis Oklahma Academic Standards fr Science (OASS) T be tested 2016-17 HS- LS- 1:Frm Mlecules t Organisms: Structure and Functin HS- LS1-1 TRANSCRIPTION AND TRANSLATION ü Cnstruct an explanatin based n evidence fr hw the structure f DNA determines the structure f prteins, which carry ut the essential functins f life thrugh systems f specialized cells. Assessment Bundary- des nt include identificatin f specific cell r tissue types, whle bdy systems, specific prtein structures and functins, r the bichemistry f prtein synthesis. HS- LS1-2 LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION- ü Develp and use a mdel t illustrate the hierarchical rganizatin f interacting systems that prvide specific functins within multicellular rganisms. Assessment Bundary: des nt include interactins and functins at the mlecular r chemical level. HS- LS1-3- ORGANISMS RESPONSE (INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL)- ü Plan and cnduct an investigatin t prvide evidence f the imprtance f maintaining hmestasis in living rganisms. Assessment Bundary: des nt include the cellular prcesses invlved in the feedback mechanism. HS- LS1-4 MITOSIS & DIFFERENTIATION ü Use a mdel t illustrate the rle f cellular divisin (mitsis) and differentiatin in prducing and maintaining cmplex rganisms. Assessment Bundary: des nt include specific gene cntrl mechanisms r rte memrizatin f the steps f mitsis. Bilgy I EOI Ideal % f Test Items (2014-15 BP) C1.0-21- 27% (12-15 Questins) 2
C2.0: The Mlecular Basis f Heredity DNA determines the characteristics f rganisms. The student will engage in investigatins that integrate the prcess standards and lead t the discvery f the fllwing bjectives: C2.1. Cells functin accrding t the infrmatin cntained in the master cde f DNA (i.e., cell cycle, DNA replicatin and transcriptin). Transfer RNA and prtein synthesis will be taught in life science curses with rigr greater than Bilgy I. C2.2. A srting and recmbinatin f genes during sexual reprductin results in a great variety f pssible gene cmbinatins frm the ffspring f any tw parents (i.e., Punnett squares and pedigrees). Students will understand cncepts in a single trait crss (e.g., alleles, dminant trait, recessive trait, phentype, gentype, hmzygus, heterzygus, incmplete dminance, and sex-linked traits). C3.0: Bilgical Diversity Diversity f species is develped thrugh gradual prcesses ver many generatins. C3.1. Different species might lk dissimilar, but the unity amng rganisms becmes apparent frm an analysis f internal structures, the similarity f their chemical prcesses, and the evidence f cmmn ancestry (e.g., hmlgus and analgus structures, embrylgy, fssil recrd, genetic data). C3.2. Characteristics f ppulatins change thrugh the mechanism f natural selectin. These bilgical adaptatins, including changes in structures, behavirs, and/r physilgy, may enhance r limit survival and reprductive success within a particular envirnment. C3.3. Brad patterns f behavir exhibited by animals have changed ver time t ensure reprductive success. Respnses t external stimuli can result frm interactins with the rganism s wn species and thers, as well as envirnmental changes; these respnses can be either innate r learned. HS- LS3- Heredity, Inheritance and Variatin f Traits HS-LS-3-1-DNA and Cding ü Ask questins t clarify relatinships abut the rle f DNA and chrmsmes in cding the instructins fr characteristic traits passed frm parents t ffspring. (Assessment Bundary: Assessments may include cdminance, incmplete dminance, and sex- linked traits, but shuld nt include dihybrid crsses.) HS- LS3-2- Genetic Variatins ü Make and defend a claim based n evidence that inheritable genetic variatins may result frm: (1) new genetic cmbinatins thrugh meisis, (2) viable errrs ccurring during replicatin, and/r (3) mutatins caused by envirnmental factrs. (Assessment Bundary: Assessment des nt include the phases f meisis r the bichemical mechanisms f specific steps in the prcess.) HS- LS3-3- Math f Punnett Squares ü Apply cncepts f statistics and prbability t explain the variatin and distributin f expressed traits in a ppulatin. (Assessment Bundary: The assessment shuld prvide evidence f students abilities t use mathematical reasning t explain the variatin bserved in a ppulatin as a cmbinatin f genetic and envirnmental factrs. Hardy- Weinberg calculatins are beynd the intent.) HS- LS- 4: BIOLOGICAL UNITY AND DIVERSITY HS- LS4-1- COMMON ANCESTRY and DIVERSITY ü Analyze and evaluate hw evidence such as similarities in DNA sequences, anatmical structures, and rder f appearance f structures during embry- lgical develpment cntribute t the scientific explanatin f bilgical diversity. (Assessment Bundary: The assessment shuld prvide evidence f students abilities t evaluate and analyze evidence (e.g. cladgrams, analgus/hmlgus structures, and fssil recrds). Additinal Aligning OASS Standards cntinued n the next page C2.0-21- 27% (12-15 Questins) C3.0-21- 27% (12-15 Questins) 3
PASS 2011- Tested thrugh 2015-16 C2.0: The Mlecular Basis f Heredity C3.0: Bilgical Diversity HS- LS4-2- DNA EVIDENCE- ü Cnstruct an explanatin based n evidence that bilgical diversity is influenced by (1) the ptential fr a species t increase in number, (2) the heritable genetic variatin f individuals in a species due t mutatin and sexual reprductin, (3) cmpetitin fr limited resurces, and (4) the prliferatin f thse rganisms that are better able t survive and reprduce in the envirnment. (Assessment Bundary: des nt include genetic drift, gene flw thrugh migratin, and c- evlutin). HS- LS4-3- FACTORS OF NATURAL SELECTION ü Apply cncepts f statistics and prbability t supprt explanatins that rganisms with an advantageus heritable trait tend t increase in prprtin t rganisms lacking this trait. (Assessment Bundary: The assessment shuld prvide evidence f students abilities t analyze shifts in numerical distributin f traits as evidence t supprt explanatins. Analysis is limited t basic statistical and graphical analysis, nt gene frequency calculatins.) HS- LS4-4- TYPES OF NATURAL SELECTION ü Cnstruct an explanatin based n evidence fr hw natural selectin leads t adaptatin f ppulatins. (Assessment Bundary: The assessment shuld measure students abilities t differentiate types f evidence used in explanatins.) HS- LS 4-5- ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS THAT EFFECT NATURAL SELECTION ü Synthesize, cmmunicate, and evaluate the infrmatin that describes hw changes in envirnmental cnditins can affect the distributin f traits in a ppulatin causing: 1) increases in the number f individuals f sme species, 2) the emergence f new species ver time, and 3) the extinctin f ther species. (Assessment Bundary: The assessment shuld prvide evidence f students abilities t explain the cause and effect fr hw changes t the envirnment affect distributin r disappearance f traits in species.) 4
C4.0: The Interdependence f Organisms Interdependence f rganisms in an envirnment includes the interrelatinships and interactins between and amng rganisms. C4.1. Organisms bth cperate and cmpete in ecsystems (e.g., symbitic relatinships). C4.2. Living rganisms have the capacity t prduce ppulatins f infinite size, but envirnments and resurces limit ppulatin size (e.g., carrying capacity, limiting factrs, eclgical successin). C5.0: Matter, Energy, and Organizatin in Living Systems Living systems require a cntinuus input f energy t maintain their chemical and physical rganizatins. C5.1. The cmplexity and rganizatin f rganisms accmmdates the need fr btaining, transfrming, transprting, releasing, and eliminating the matter and energy used t sustain the rganism (i.e., phtsynthesis and cellular respiratin). C5.2. As matter and energy flw thrugh different levels f rganizatin f living systems and between living systems and the physical envirnment, chemical elements are recmbined in different ways by different structures. Matter and energy are cnserved in each change (i.e., water cycle, carbn cycle, nitrgen cycle, fd webs, and energy pyramids). C5.3- Matter n earth cycles amng the living (bitic) and nnliving (abitic) cmpnents f the bisphere. FROM MOLECULES t ORGANISMS HS- LS- 1-5- PHOTOSYNTHESIS ü Use a mdel t illustrate hw phtsynthesis transfrms light energy int stred chemical energy. (Assessment Bundary: The assessment shuld prvide evidence f students abilities t describe the inputs and utputs f phtsynthesis, nt the specific bichemical steps. (e.g. phtsystems, electrn transprt, and Calvin cycle). HS- LS- 1-6 (Builds n HS- LS1-5) HYDROCARBON BACKBONES ü Cnstruct and revise an explanatin based n evidence fr hw carbn, hydrgen, and xygen frm sugar mlecules may cmbine with ther elements t frm amin acids and/r ther large carbn- based mlecules. (Assessment Bundary: Assessment des nt include the details f the specific chemical reactins r identificatin f macrmlecules.) HS- LS1-7 (Builds n HS- LS1-6) CELLULAR RESPIRATION ü Use a mdel t illustrate that cellular respiratin is a chemical prcess whereby the bnds f fd mlecules and xygen mlecules are brken and the bnds in new cmpunds are frmed resulting in a net transfer f energy. (Assessment Bundary: Assessment shuld nt include identificatin f the steps r specific prcesses invlved in cellular respiratin (e.g. glyclysis and Kreb s Cycle). ECOSYSTEMS: INTERACTIONS, ENERGY, AND DYNAMICS HS- LS2-1LIMITING FACTORS OF CARRYING CAPACITY ü Use mathematical and/r cmputatinal representatins t supprt explanatins f factrs that affect carrying capacity f ecsystems at different scales. (Assessment Bundary: Assessment des nt include deriving mathematical equatins t make cmparisns.) Additinal Aligning OASS Standards cntinued n next page C4.0-14- 18% (8-10 Questins) C5.0-21% (12 Questins) 5
PASS 2011- Tested thrugh 2015-16 C4.0: The Interdependence f Organisms 5.0: Matter, Energy, and Organizatin in Living Systems HS- LS2-2- MATH CALCULATIONS OF LIMITING FACTORS ü Use mathematical representatins t supprt and revise explanatins based n evidence abut factrs affecting bidiversity and ppulatins in ecsystems f different scales. (Assessment Bundary: Assessment is limited t prvided data.) HS- LS2-3- SOURCES OF ENERGY PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CELLULAR RESPIRATION (ANAEROBIC & AEROBIC) ü Cnstruct and revise an explanatin based n evidence fr the cycling f matter and flw f energy in aerbic and anaerbic cnditins.( Assessment Bundary: Assessment des nt include the specific chemical prcesses f either aerbic r anaerbic respiratin.) HS- LS2-4- CYCLES OF MATTER ü Use a mathematical representatin t supprt claims fr the cycling f matter and flw f energy amng rganisms in an ecsystem. (Assessment Bundary: The assessment shuld prvide evidence f students abilities t develp and use energy pyramids, fd chains, fd webs, and ther mdels frm data sets.) HS- LS2-5- EFFECT OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CELLULAR RESPIRATION ON CARBON CYCLE ü Develp a mdel t illustrate the rle f phtsynthesis and cellular respiratin in the cycling f carbn amng the bisphere, atmsphere, hydrsphere, and gesphere. (Assessment Bundary: Assessment des nt include the specific chemical steps f phtsynthesis and respiratin.) HS- LS2-6- ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS (PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SUCCESSION) ü Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasning that the cmplex interactins in ecsystems maintain relatively cnsistent numbers and types f rganisms in stable cnditins, but changing cnditins may result in a new ecsystem. Assessment Bundary: The assessment shuld prvide evidence f students abilities t derive trends frm graphical representatins f ppulatin trends. Assessments shuld fcus n describing drivers f ecsystem stability and change, nt n the rganismal mechanisms f respnses and interactins. HS- LS2-8POPULATION BEHAVIORS ü Evaluate evidence fr the rle f grup behavir n individual and species chances t survive and reprduce. (Assessment Bundary: prvide evidence f students abilities t: (1) distinguish between grup versus individual behavir, (2) identify evidence supprting the utcmes f grup behavir, and (3) develp lgical and reasnable arguments based n evidence.) 6
Crsscutting Cncepts aligned t the new OASS Standards- These represent cmmn threads that shuld be embedded thrughut the curse. Patterns Different patterns may be bserved at each f the scales at which a system is studied and can prvide evidence fr causality in explanatins f phenmena. (HS-LS4-1, HS-LS4-3) Cause and Effect Empirical evidence is required t differentiate between cause and crrelatin and make claims abut specific causes and effects. (HS-LS2-8, HS-LS3-1, HS-LS3-2, HS-LS4-2, HS- LS4-4, HS-LS4-5) Energy and Matter Changes f energy and matter in a system can be described in terms f energy and matter flw int, ut f, and within that system. (HS-LS-1-5, HS-LS1-6) Energy drives the cycling f matter within and between systems. (HS-LS-2-3) Energy cannt be created r destryed- it nly mves between ne place and anther place, between bjects and/r fields, r between systems. (HS-LS1-7, HS-LS2-4) Systems and System Mdels Mdels (e.g., physical, mathematical, cmputer mdels) can be used t simulate systems and interactins including energy, matter, and infrmatin flws within and between systems at different scales. (HS-LS1-2, HS-LS1-4, HS-LS2-5) Stability and Change Feedback (negative r psitive) can stabilize r destabilize a system. (HS-LS1-3) Much f science deals with cnstructing explanatins f hw things change and hw they remain stable. (HS-LS2-6) Scale, Prprtin, and Quantity The significance f a phenmenn is dependent n the scale, prprtin, and quantity at which it ccurs. (HS-LS2-1) Using the cncept f rders f magnitude allws ne t understand hw a mdel at ne scale relates t a mdel at anther scale. (HS-LS2-2) Algebraic thinking is used t examine scientific data and predict the effect f a change in ne variable n anther (e.g., linear grwth vs. expnential grwth). (HS-LS3-3) Structure and Functin Investigating r designing new systems r structures requires a detailed examinatin f the prperties f different materials, the structures f different cmpnents, and cnnectins f cmpnents t reveal its functin and/r slve a prblem. (HS-LS1-1) 7