9 $%& 95 46 75 74 8 9 *) +*)./ 4 )56 ) '('&$ % " # ) '('&$ % " # * * (+ ) ) * :* ; )<=> 4@* 4@* 4 $ ( B?#. #A 7 875 9 : mm 67 9 mm ( ( +./ A 6 ) % ( rpm ( B () ) GH I J * K J* ( B?# CD E% : & P) N % 9 J * K J* E% : O.*. #A 7 (x= mm U'# B ) P. * G ) GH I B : (. ESTB. * Q R W B : * H V: * $ "N # $ "N A I 9 : 9 I J * K X % I 9 ) GH J * K ( B %. U'# E A : U'#. UB : )[. \] ( B : U'# * YZ. ) GH. UB %$ \]. \]) N ) GH I ( R & P) N :/.B Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Reducing the Drag Coefficient on the Cylinder by HotWire Anemometry A. B. Khoshnevis M. J. Ezadi Yzadi Associate Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering Hakim Sabzevari University Sabzevar Iran M.Sc. Student Department of Mechanical Engineering Hakim Sabzevari University Sabzevar Iran Abstract An experimental investigation on the cylinder having a length of 9 mm and a diameter of mm at Reynolds number 875 has been done. At the first mean streamwise velocity profiles then streamwise turbulence intensity profiles fixed and rotating circular cylinder (for spans and rpm) at three stations (x= 6 mm) behind the cylinder are discussed and compared. In order to measure the mean velocity and turbulence intensity the hotwire anemometry has been used. Also the Strouhal number of fixed and rotating cylinders is compared. The results show that by increasing the rotational speed at a constant Reynolds number if the direction of the cylinder is the agree of the fluid movement the width of wake becomes smaller and the Strouhal number of the wake associated with the Karman vortex increases. At the stations of and turbulences the rotating cylinder is more than the fixed cylinder and the second station turbulences fixed cylinder is more than the rotating cylinder. It is found that by increasing the rotational speed the parameters of drag coefficient and velocity defect reduce. By increasing the rotational speed the drag coefficient reduced by about %. Keywords: HotWire Anemometry Fixed and Rotating cylinder Flow wake Drag coefficient. khosh966@yahoo.com : *
: Bl K J*?# E% :?# Jv.A... `N 9 \] B (A9 ( R & P) N l 9 [8] 9 : * + (BA (% / 9. B (. Q E : 9 (9 # ' * 4 BA ( *T? w6 9 x T. BA 9? Jc a ) N B % 9 9 T (gc # [9].* ( ( P.G ) N T: ) GH [Z Jv t: UGH ) B % 9 (:.* ( UB [] ) TB ) G ( B).G ) GH I 9 * d G (BC # ) ( U'# ) B) P. a6b ) GH I. U'# B : : ) GH + [] '. G P (.G E 9 U TB B [] U TB y (: P 9 ( 9 P 9 (.. [] : v B :. B G G./ B).G ) GH [4]. v ) TB B % 9 (A9 ( R & P) N 9 G (?c# B B). Q ) N ( B. X +9 *d G( BA (B( / ) T l 9 Q [5] 7 ) GH ( 9 * (. z# {* \] T $ B P : ( E.* B ) GH 4 / 7 4 / 75 : ( E / 9. \] \] $ E * B B P E f:. I # UB : U'# \]. * UB :. U'# \]. U'# / 5$ : CD a ) N + [6] ) TB ~.G R & P) N % { ) GH D?` 9 ) GH a ) N N 9 E (b J../ " 9 b 6?7 c 9 B. a &? 7K d' ) N. #A 7 T Je f?` 9 (. S ) $ ) N B &Kg: $ Je b (:?$ e 9 : h[g + &"# &B 9B E 9.T E W gb. 9 $ ) N Qc ) N &"# TB "? i] ( 9 (: ) N (: B % 9 J../ N. T )../ ( b# 9$ Eb &B 9B $ ) N 7 $ ) N? 9 ( X + 9? ( E.*.* (: (9 * BU 9 j#b k c ) BU 9 E P 9 BU B? ) BlG ) T G (9?. Q... Z ( B? " ab? + 9 6 * X + ( B m \] ) [] C./ ) gtn ) 9. E ) ( ( (: l * \] ) [] g*. #b \] ) [] ). % 9 : ( ( G ( (b b 6. 7 * + H ( BA *? r ( BA [4] pq/.g $ ( ( $ / ) GH [5]? ( / ( #A X + ( B./ G?*. 659 : N9 * X + 9 E ( ( B./ 9 (: * ( Q$ ( Bg ) JI G./ [6] E./ ) ( 'N JI_ [7]? 9.G C ( # G (9 e `N ( UGH. 7 + (s Jc i] E t: ) e u6 $ g: UGH E.* ) N ( B[Z ( 9 Jv +... \] UB ( ) I_ +
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./ E \]. N A O BZ P (I_ \ &B aspect ratio( β = L D = in [] E g./ ) ( 9?c $ P ) Z T: ( :* (5). b (.&b * Q ( B 9 Jc : [Z ) = U U = Dω U :& #b (6) ( B: 875 9 : Bl K J*.* gz ) 4.) ) N Q T" J * K J* :* ) 9 J * K J*. YZ %Tu = U u = U U V: [ [ (W ) : )[.( B ().* )?* (b / )... \] UB ( ) I_ + F$ G*).HI*JK L@ 9 i 9 U 9 E Q? fa g CN 9 9 7 ( %.* 4cm i Q 4cm V: 68cm : (A9 gc ( B' 9 R & P: [/ (BA N.* ) N (O/ 9 A Q* ( B) N U 9 X + ) % E # i 9./ E * Q P:.* B J * K E% : (A9 I?*. 9 * d G ( BA C # {* )9 z ˆ ( ) N J * K )' 9 ($. * (A9 c / 9 T U 9 ( B?* B I ( (/ U9 OQ/ * Q (b r. * UT 5µm 67 / 5mm 4 (%$ ( BU 9 E 7 X' 9 gz W. r $ (.*. X' E 7. * Q (9 N 9 BU 9 * Q. / mm r mm 67 9mm ( fag CN 9 E G fag 9 Q g:.* (. * O ac BU 9 P w6 (9 JI Q / kw J7 9 # 9 UGH.* 45rpm&T' : ( * G x. ( B +./ E N± $ Jv. * X + {/ (B ) N (B (" TB {* E g Jv + \N ) GH (A9 X %B g N ±/ 9 T )' R & P) N r ) ± / 5 $ (b / ) V: (W ) : )[.( B E : 9 (6 9 : )[. W = U U () U U J C # b ) : 9 B : ) b *? E ( BA St = fd U :* b 9Jc? B i Q &. 67 () 9 T ( ( A.* b (. BG 'H ( 6G & r Z /5 / 5 r Z []??g/ m N.* BG 6G c 9 T \]. z# (? J [Z P (I_ * c / 5 : AT blockage ratio( β = D (4) H = / 5 67 &. (O A ESTB E b N & b * J../ N.*. 9 xetb Maskell 9 E
(' (' NT/ C*G e: P) P) / X Y 4)44.MNO )*4 L QQ B I ( (/ 9 ($ 4 E U ref :?# ) GH (. * b7 ( J * K J* E%. * / \] " (A9 875 9 : ) $ ( P : 67 9 :. * ) ( B ( Re = U.D ϑ) * / 9 ) N.* r Z.7 \ 6G ( B: : 67 N / 4 / 94 / 5 #A X + ( ) GH 6 b7 ( (.* I 5?*. * X + y/d=(.b ) UGH "N +) i Q ( y x x/d= / 5 ( B/"N Y X W.5 )9 z UGH "N 5 E y/d => 4? % gt: /c ( J* : x= E% : b?# R & P) N mm ( I ) = ] $ Œl K = [8] A./ P 875 9.*.6?* 97 9 : x= 9mm.5..4.6.8. Tu )9 z ˆ Bl K J* E 997 56 7 68 Tanaka & Nagano present work 486 46 Y X 4 y/d.5.5 U/U ref J* (r) E% : b?#( )(. 6 E [8] A P ] $ 4 5 u rms /U ref b 6 P ( l K 4 5 6 7 8 E# : 'N?* U 9 Q? E 9 6 (9e5 U z ˆ4 ( 9Q (g.) Q 8 )9 z 7 Q
: UB A?G : U'# t: E : U'# A d G 8?* ) TB.* " Jv b N : (B?# * ) : ( BQŽ &`K v Jc BA & 6 TB.* ). r N *? ).K (O/ (B?# &B ' k. $ 8?* E N.* ). xf * & E% : BA? Jc E \g6 G r ( Jc (O/ r ) 9 9 6. ( ) 9 A $.* 9 E% / ) * BA? 6. B E% : O W. : B ) (O/ ( B: ) ). JI ) 9 5 x. ( ) 9 8?*.*T E % TB '` $.* BA? r?g : afg 9 gc # U'# U'# V: # UB d G ( Bgc #.* G E% :?# " # A (B) N `N N g: ' T ) N # 9 )* * ) N.* G?G * # ) &? ( x.7) % E. N? ) N 9 # afg E e? ) N 9 : Jv $ E e : % J : * / / 5 $ 9 U/U (* ) A.( kn : 9 ) N : U ) v 8?*) E 9 ) A E 9 )* P.( B x/d= / 5 b7 (% N? 7 k. : (B?# & $ N * X ) \g6 E g:.* ' Jc E. u6 * + (9 e? (9 e N X ' k. t: (9 e E# E 9 g u6 ( * B) : U'# " + W. ( U'# 9 G I k. \g6 E *.*T J : v + 7 B E% :?# T ) TB 9 gc # U'#?G :. & { * 6 E% :?# P ESTB U U( 8U = / 64y b 6 ( 7 9 :[] yzg* (7) z# # X9e. *. 7?* x= 45mm) ] $ U 9 9. '% N * B 6 TB. (C D = / 8 N [] yzg* 6 ] $ + E G 6 (U ref U) /U ref. ( :?# 7 E./ E * *. 9* ) R$ 5 ) TB 9 : gz b7 ) GH.* G ( B 875 TH M>) ES) ) 5 E% :?# 9 ( E ).5..5..5..5.5.5.5.5 y/b h gz (B: 875 9 :.* G : 6G : B : N.* Eb / 94 / 96 / 69 E. * U T8?* E P J Q ( B (9 E% :?# 8?* P. * ) Jv t: ).* Schlichting E% Present work Schlichting's correlation x/d= / 5 ) B ) 6 ( Bb7 :?# T"... \] UB ( ) I_ + 4
(' (' NT/ C*G e: x/d=6 b7.* T ' E UB : ) [. : U'# ) JI (x/d= / 5) %. U'#. ) I 9 )* " W /U ref.* B (T ( gz : ( B : )[. T 9 E : J * K Re= 875.VIW L ) 5 9 ( E. * G gz(b: 8759 J Q ( B (9 J * K J* T?* P. * ) J* x/d= / 5 6 ) : U'# B ) J* T N. U'#? 7.6.5.4... U'# t: ESTB.*?G J* T A J * K ) : U'# J * K J * K (O$f B gz (B: * 9 ' m$. ( J * K (= / 96 / 94) e : (B g7 m$. f: J * K J*?# v 9 * B ( ' % m$. *? ( BA b] [Z.* ( J * K J*?# & B ) TB 9 )* * 9 ( & $. E 9 B& * G W. E &B * U B * $ E ESTB BT E % &".B ( ' 9 d G J * K J* x/d=.5 6.5..5..5 9 gc # U'# E $ 6. E. UB CD # U'# 9 * ) E.B ( A (B) N x/d=6 b7 E# E 9? * ) N # Jv 9 ) N `N JI )* & ) N )* G. ( " ( Bb7 ( Bb7. t: E * ) B ) P y ESTB / "N E% :?# &B K g w6 : ) "N &B g: B ) N "N g e w6 ) "N m T E% :?#. t: * ( x/d= b7 ( b7 E%. * y/ : (B?# P gz : (B U'# ' b7 E. _ T U'#?G : E% : (B?# x/d=6 +?7 b7 N (BJ Q x/d= / 5 :.* G b7 * ( [Z X O b7 E.*T B.&T G gz ( B E% : (B?# E 9?* ) N # Jv 9 * ) E )* & ) N )* G A (B) N " ( Bb7 (Bb7 E# 9 N JI b7 h G b] g: i] E. ( E% : (B?# b7 E * y/d x/d=6.b v gz( B: E% :?#k9 8 E.5.5 x/d=.5 \$ =.69.96.94 6 U/U ref Re= 875 ( : ) [. T 9?* P. * ) gz (Bb7 U'# x/d= / 5 (Bb7 B ) 9 )* UB : ) [. 5
(u rms /U ref ) max ( B: J * K J* Jv E Re=875 ( J Q X.) 4> ) 5 R & P) N % J [Z ) TB ( BA C # (A9 7 % E * QA ) 9 Q * 9 * d G r B : ) 67 : 9 * d G ( BA C # (A9 (. C # CD 7?/ r \$ B : Jv?*. )./ E +. * ) A C # : U'# B.A B : U'# + # U'# E St 4 5 5 5.5..5..5.4.5..5..5..5 x/d=.5 6 present results Aoki Re=85..4.6.8. ] $ b 6 P :\$ B : Jv E Re=85 [7] ( + P Re=875 UB CD U'# J * K J* T 9 (?G 9?c# A (B) NN 9 * E.* G ( Bgc # G (B) N ' GH BA b] N.* 9 x/d= b7 UB J * K J* : U'# b7 J * K J* ( BT afg E J * K J* ) &.* g7 A + ) N N 6. v g: e T$ ) GH JI 9 )* * ' ( B J * K?G ESTB. UB N 6. 9 T J* B ) K d G d G 9 ' x/d=6. c / 5 b7 J * K J* T $ = / 69 / 96 / 94 b7 E J* T N. U'# J * K I g U'# &A + g7 (Bb7 J* U'# t: b7 E J * K : (YZ X O b7 E. * Bl K : ( y/d & G J * K J* T.* &B gz (B) ( J Q ( B: Bl K J* k9 E Re=875 ) J * K J* Jv?* 6 x/d=.5 4 u rms /U ref ( B % * B ) TB J * K J* : U'# U'# J * K J* =.69.96.94 6 x/d=. * x/d= / 5 # U'#. # UB :... \] UB ( ) I_ + 6
(' (' NT/ C*G e: b E. " X ) b () b B ) N. E (6. B ). T (A9 7 + ) &. % )) () b N afg J : X % # afg J : ) % + 9. 9 ( BU J : X % X * &N $ # 7 (A9 6 $ # [4] E *ga #A O (b J * K J* Jc () b. `() b 6 (\] p = p b + q \ q \ = ρnu + v +w O C a = = U N U OdH y U E U E L K + =g v + w u hdh y L K U E () b.* B ) N : ]: J % J : E%TB w () (). " X ) * ufc b v J * K J* V# () b Jc * b u \ = v \ = w C a = = U N U OdH y U E U E L K+=u.dH y L K U E :* ) () r R & P) N 9 Q ) $ E ) N "N J * K J* (A9 {.# (b. ( \] : U'# B ) P % $ \] I 9 :.(?*) UB ( ( u6 ) a c g: ] $./ ) &B g: % a 9 'H 6c UN W. ) YZ ESTB 9 ) N & g: ( ( w6 (.* \.: gn * + # ) A YZ[; V J 4% ) )\J 6 ] l 9 Q ( (A9 ( Bl 9 X afg l 6. X afg 9 Q [] X ). #A X + (b J../ &+$ ( 6G X. % Je b 9 ( BU. E#A O #A &N # [4] E *ga.t YZ ( \] b 9 Q (. YZ $ B ) N : (A9 9 E *ga { * ` (b Jc J * K ESTB $ B ) N J * K J* 9 gc # U'#.* E.T V# E%TB ) J * K # UB ) [5] (b r P) N 9 Q $. (A9 ( 6G X. % Je b T: [] X ). E#A O #A &N &+$ ` (8) b 6 ( \] 9 ( BU ; < = =>? @B? @C FGH I D E J K += M N M E + D E =P QQ.GH I J K e M E g/ : &` 7 gc # I [Z ' M M E OGH I J K 9 d G $ # M $ # 9 ) N # J * U P QQ D E : (8)? @B? @C 9 ) N : T: (..* #A O ) 67 ( ( BU N' ( BU it+ Jc ) P QQ.) (9) b 6 9 τ SS = μ4 U x.v YZ7ρu \ U ]ρ u B ) N : ) _ %H J ^ (9) ) 8 b N' U QŽ..* 9 ) N "N ( BQŽ 9 T e 9 : ( B) N & ( B) N ( ESTB. BG 9 ( BU E 9.#A O 'H ) %H J. 9 () 6 Jc ) 8 b C a = => p p b FdH y q E L K+= U N U OdH y U E U E L K = u.dh y L K U E () 7
# ~ ( B') P) N b67 X: (... ) b67 X: + %? W b67 X: r (A7 b7 W b67 X: Jv 9 * b67 X: {/ # Jv 9 * b67 X: Jv 9 * b67 X: ( B % R & P) N % (A9 _.?7$ ) * 6G ( % % 9 * ( B 6G ) R& P) N ( B 6G A/D J ( Q 7 ) / Q R & P) N ). Jv X + /% l K J* ) N J? 9 9 T ( 6G. * 6 R & P) N )T 9 C.* % / 5 N (gtnh / 9 Q : J. BG % / 5 9 T ' ) ( 6G T l9 + E ) 9 Q A/D ( 6G * Q % B 6 c I_ Jv.* % / 5 9 T ' ) ( Q 6G ( * R & P)N 7 g6 + % $ {/ ( g N v ( UB c / ) )T ufc * ( 6G ) * ` ( Bw] N.[7 6] B.#A O % $ (A9 g )\ 8 ( ( ) I./ E.*G gz (B: 875 9 :.A Q 9? 9 BU 9 X + O (.#A X + k6. ( ( J* E% : (B?# * (B \] ( B ) { J * K ) P.A / : )[. 9 :. J * K J* E% :?# P `. UGH : :&9./ E 9 % E% :?# ) P U'# % (?/ J * K J* J * K J* E% :?# 9 gc # ( B. ESTB.* : G C D Re=875 \$ \] Jv E % (: + P ] $ P + : O B 4?* 6 TB. *. )../ C D.4..8.6.4..5..5..5.6.4..8.6.4..* \] UB t: ) * present results Kang Re=4 Kang Re=6 Aoki Re=6 Karabelas Re=4..4.6.8 (+ P :\$ \] Jv 4 E Re=4 [] f (: P Re=6 [7] [] y (: P Re=875 Re=46 ] $ b 6 P 9* MNFO ]> 7 Eb T. ) (# (A9 B A X:.B TB 6G B(A9 T.* b67 X: (A9 ( 6G f: 9 (A9 ( 6G Eb c b67 X: ETZ.* 9 " (A9 + E. ( Jc X:.* ` ) b67 X: u* TB? G % QgZ?: (O/ : b67 :9 J : B)9... \] UB ( ) I_ + 8
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