Pacing Guide for 8 th Grade Curriculum 2014-2015 (Tentative) Course Title: Physical Science Length of Course: 1 Year Week Number Chapter COS Objectives / Content Standards Strategies / Materials Needed Week 1 8/06/2014 1 1. Identify steps within the scientific process. (LR-1, LW-2a) SWBAT Use clues in the classroom to identify five components of the scientific method. (LR-1, LW-2) Brain POP Scientific Method www.ips.msscience.com Review resources available to assist students inside the classroom as well as outside the classroom. (LR-5, LW-2 ) Week 2 8/11/2014 1-2 Applying process skills to interpret data from graphs, tables, and charts. (LR-7, LW-2f) Recognize the difference between observation and inference. (LR-9, LW-2 ) Graph the results of the experiment and draw appropriate conclusions. (LR-7, LW-2) sciencespot.net Scientific Method Bikini Bottom Experiments; Bubble Gum Lab,\ga.edu paper airplanes and scientific method. Describe how to use pictures and tables to give information. (LR-7, LW-2 ) Identify and use three types of graphs (Line, Bar and Circle). (LR-7, LW-2) Apply the concepts of precision, measurement, and graphing to a specific problem. (LR -7, LW-2 )
Week 3 8/18/2014 1 Identifying controls and variables in a scientific investigation. (LR-6, LW-2b ) 2 Measuring dimension, volume and mass using System International d Unites (SI units). (LR-3, LW-2 ) 1 1 Identifying examples of hypothesis. (LR-1, LW-2 ) Identifying appropriate laboratory glassware, balances, time measuring equipment, and optical instrument used to conduct an investigation. (LR-3, LW-2) Identify constants, variables, controls and hypothesis in an experiment. (LR-2, LW-2 ) Determine how reasonable a measurement is by estimating. (LR-8, LW-2) Apply the concepts of precision, measurement, and graphing to a specific problem. (LR-7, LW-2 ) Convert SI units of measurements. (LR-3, LW-2 ) Identify the SI units of length, volume, mass, temperature, time, and rate. (LR-2, LW-2) Use laboratory Safety Rules while handling laboratory equipment. (LR-4, LW-2) Sponge Bob Variables and Lab Safety adapted from www.sciencespot.net sciencespot.net Mr. Peanut Lab Mini Lab - Measuring Volume, Textbook, page 52 Rounding Measurements, Quick Demo, Textbook, page 47 King Henry Conversion for SI Units adapted from www.sciencespot.net Mini Lab - Forming a Hypothesis, Textbook, page 14 Dogs & Turnips Hypothesis activity adapted from http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/ education/dynamic/session4/ses s4_act1.htm Week 4 8/25/2014 1 st Quarter Mid-Term Review 8/27/2014 1 st Quarter Mid-Term Exam
Week 5 9/2/2014 3 2. Describe the structure of atoms, including the location of protons, neutrons, and electrons. (LR-1, LW-9 ) Identifying the charge of each subatomic particle. (LR-2, LW-9 ) Identify Democritus and Dalton as contributors to the 4 atomic theory. (LR-8, LW-9) 4. State the law of conservation of matter. (LR-1, LW-4 ) Identify the parts of the atom and their locations. (LR-2, LW-9 ) Describe various contributions made by scientist to the atomic theory. (LR-8, LW-9 ) Create a labeled diagram of an atom and the charges of each subatomic particle. (LR-7, LW-4 ) sciencespot.net;adams Family Worksheet and Song isp.msscience.com Brain Pop Atomic Model Matter, Not Matter T-Chart, Textbook, page 73 Parts of the Atom Foldable Activity, Textbook, page 76 sciencespot.net Atoms Family and Values Week 6 9/8/2014 3 3. Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons, and the mass of an element using the periodic table. (LR-4, LW-9 ) 3b. Locating metals, nonmetals, metalloids, and noble gases on the periodic table. (LR-5, LW-9) Describe the relationship between elements and the periodic table. (LR-1, LW-9 ) Explain the meaning of atomic mass and atomic number. (LR-4, LW-9 ) Contrast metals, metalloids, and nonmetals. (LR-9, LW-9 ) Test for unknown compounds and decide what is present. (LR-3, LW-9 ) Elements and the Periodic Table, Textbook, page 86 Period Table Basics adapted from www.sciencespot.net Periodic Groups, Textbook, page 82 chemistrycoach.com
Week 7 9/15/2014 6 3c. Using data about the number of electrons in the outer shell of an atom to determine its reactivity. (LR-5, LW-9) 4b. Balancing chemical equations by adjusting coefficients. (LR-5, LW-4 ) Compare and contrast ionic and covalent bonds. (LR-9, LW-9 ) Identify the difference between polar and non-polar covalent bonds. (LR-2, LW-9 ) Model ionic compounds and the process that forms them. (LR-7, LW-4 ) isp.msscience.com.brainpop Bonds Bonding Basics adapted from www.sciencespot.net Balancing Act adapted from www.sciencespot.net Week 8 9/22/2014 Week 9 9/30/2014 6 5. Differentiate between ionic and covalent bonds. (LR-9, LW-1a-e ) Illustrating transfer or sharing of electrons using electron dot diagrams. (LR-7, LW-1) 1 st Quarter Exam Review Identify what makes an isotope. (LR-2, LW-1) Mini Lab: Drawing Electron Dot Diagrams, Textbook, page 168. 10/1/2014 1 st Quarter Exam Week 10 10/6/2014 10 8a. Defining terminology such as action and reaction forces, inertia, acceleration, momentum, and friction. (LR-4, LW-8 ) Create and use graphs defining acceleration. (LR-7, LW-8 ) Predict what effect acceleration will have on motion. (LR-8, LW-8 ) Equations Foldable Teacher Resource 8b. Interpreting distance time graphs. (LR -7, LW -8 ) Solve acceleration problems. Make and use graphs using acceleration. (LR-7, LW-8 ) Explain the relationship between mass and inertia. (LR -2, LW-8 ) Define momentum. (LR -4, LW-8 ) Predict motion using the law of conservation of matter. (LR -8, LW-8 ) Mini Lab: Modeling Acceleration, Textbook, page 291 Lab: Collisions, Textbook, page 299
Week 11 10/15/2014 11 8. Identify Newton s Three Laws of Motion. (LR-2, LW-8) Demonstrate Newton s 1 st Law of Motion. (LR-3, LW-8 ) Explain Newton's Second Law of Motion. (LR-2, LW-8 ) Explain why the direction of a force is important. (LR-2, LW-8 ) Laws of Motion Foldable Teacher Resource Lab: Static and Sliding Friction, Teacher Resources: Force and Newton s Laws Lab Manual, page 9 Compare force pairs between two spring scales that are hooked together and pulled by two students. (LR-9, LW-8 ) Week 12 10/20/2014 11 8. Identify Newton s three laws of motion. (LR-2, LW-8 ) Observe Newton's 3rd Law of Motion acting on rocket balloons. (LR-3, LW-8 ) Lab: Balloon Races, Textbook, page 329 Measure the speed of a balloon rocket. (LR-3, LW-8 ) Newton s Challenge from sciencespot.net Describe how Newton's Laws explain a rocket's motion. (LR-6, LW-8 ) Newton s Race adapted from www.sciencespot.net Week 13 10/27/2014 2 nd Quarter Mid-Term Review 10/29/2014 2 nd Quarter Mid-Term Exam Week 14 11/3/2014 1. Identify steps within the scientific process. (LR-2, LW-7 ) Applying process skills to interpret data from graphs, tables, and chart. (LR-7, LW -7 ) Science Fair Projects Presentations using the Scientific Method. (LR-3, LW-7 ) http://www.sciencebuddies.o rg/science-fairprojects/project_guide_index.shtml
Week 15 11/10/2014 14 9. Describe how mechanical advantages of simple machines reduce the amount of force needed for work. (LR-5, LW-10 ) Explain the relationship between work and power. (LR-2, LW-10 ) Calculate how much work is done (W=FD). (LR-3, LW-10 ) Calculate power (P=W/t). (LR-3, LW-10 ) Calculate the mechanical advantages and efficiency of simple machines. (LR-3, LW-10 ) Math Problems, ips.msscience.com Lab: Calculating Work and Power, Teacher Resources, Work and Simple Machines Lab Manual, page 9 11 Lab: Building a Pyramid, Textbook, page 411 Week 16 11/17/2014 14 9. Describe how mechanical advantages of simple machines reduce the amount of force needed for work. (LR-5, LW-10 ) Distinguish among the different simple machines. (LR-8, LW-10 ) Describe the mechanical advantages of each simple machine. (LR-5, LW-10 ) Measure the mechanical advantage and efficiency of the pulley system. (LR -3, LW -10 ) Gather data in a chart and analyze the chart for mathematical patterns. (First Class Levers) (LR-7, LW-10 ) Experiment with inclined planes of different heights to see how the angle of incline affects the force needed to move a load. (Lab, TE) (LR-3, LW-10 ) Reinforcement and Review for 2 nd Quarter Exam Lab: Design a Pulley System, Textbook, page 424 Brain Pop Pulley, Simple Machines from sciencespot.net
Week 17 12/1/2014 10, 11, & 14 8. Identify Newton s three laws of motion. (LR-2, LW-8 ) 8a. Defining terminology such as action and reaction forces, inertia, acceleration, momentum, and friction. (LR-4, LW-8 ) Reinforcement and Review for 2 nd Quarter Exam 8b. Interpreting distance time graphs. (LR-7, LW-8 ) Week 18 12/8/2014 9. Describe how mechanical advantages of simple machines reduce the amount of force needed for work. (LR-5, LW-10 ) Reinforcement and Review for 2 nd Quarter Exam 12/15/2014 12/17/2014 2 nd Quarter Exam Review 2 nd Quarter Exam Week 19 1/6/2015 12 Describing the effect of force on pressure in fluids. Example: Increasing force on fluid leading to increase of pressure within a hydraulic cylinder. (LR -5, LW-10 ) Calculate pressure and model how pressure varies in a fluid. (LR -7, LW -10 ) Measure the buoyant force and compare it to the weight of water displaced by an object. (LR -9, LW-10 ) Explain floating and sinking using Archimedes principle. (LR-2, LW-10 ) Coke vs. Diet Coke Demo Lab: Measuring Buoyant Force, Teacher Resources, Forces and Fluids Lab Manual, page 5
Week 20 1/12/2015 12 Describing the effect of force on pressure in fluids. Example: Increasing force on fluid leading to increase of pressure within a hydraulic cylinder. (LR -5, LW-10 ) Explain how forces are transmitted through fluids. Describe how a hydraulic system increases force. (L -2, LW-10 ) Collect barometric pressure and other weather data. Compare barometric pressure to weather conditions. (Lab, 362.) (LR-9, LW-10) Lab: Hydraulic System, Teacher Resources, Forces and Fluids Lab Manual, page 13 Use the computers to research Archimedes, Pascals' and Bernoulli s Principles. (LR-9, LW 10) Week 21 1/20/2015 13 10. Differentiate between potential and kinetic energy. Examples: Potential rock resting at the top of a hill, Kinetic rock rolling down a hill. (LR-9, LW-4 ) Explain what energy is and distinguish between kinetic energy and potential energy. (LR-8, LW-4 ) Forms of Energy Foldable definition, facts, illustration Booklet or Brochure, Teacher Resources Brain Pop on Kinetic and Potential Energy and Forms of Energy Launch lab on pg 373 Marbles and Energy Lab: Potential and Kinetic Energy Ball Mini Lab, Textbook, page 381 Energy Source Booklet Project Teacher Resource
Week 22 1/26/2015 13 11. Explain the law of conservation of energy and its relationship to energy transformation, including chemical to electrical, chemical to heat, electrical to light, electrical to mechanical, and electrical to sound. (LR-2, LW-5) Apply the law of conservation of energy to energy transformations. (LR-7, LW- 5) Identify how energy changes forms. (LR-2, LW-5 ) Explain what renewable, nonrenewable, and alternative resources are. (LR-4, LW-5 ) Lesson Planet Law of Conservation of Energy by Kai Wang Lab: Energy to Power Your Life, Teacher Resources, Energy and Energy Resources Lab Manual, page 7 Describe the advantages and disadvantages of using various energy sources. (LR-8, LW-5 ) Mini Lab: Building a Solar Collector, Textbook, page 391 Investigate the types of energy they use in everyday activities. (LR -3, LW - 5) 2/2/2015 2/4/2015 3 rd Quarter Mid-Term Review 3 rd Quarter Mid-Term Exam Week 23 2/9/2015 15 11. Explain the law of conservation of energy and its relationship to energy transformation, including chemical to electrical, chemical to heat, electrical to light, electrical to mechanical, and electrical to sound. (LR-2, LW-5) Week 24 2/17/2015 15 11. Explain the law of conservation of energy and its relationship to energy transformation, including chemical to electrical, chemical to heat, electrical to light, electrical to mechanical, and electrical to sound. (LR-2, LW-5 ) Explain how temperature is related to kinetic energy. (LR-2, LW-5 ) Observe how the initial temperature of liquid affects how quickly it warms or cools. (LR -3, LW-5) Explain the difference between thermal energy and heat. (LR-2, LW-5 ) Design an experiment, form a hypothesis, observe, identify control and variables, make and use tables, measure in SI, make and use graphs, analyze results, and draw conclusions. (LR-6 and 10, LW-5) Lab: Heating Up and Cooling Down, Textbook, pages 444-445 Lab: The Greenhouse Effect, Teacher Resources, Middle School Science with Computers, pages 3.1-3. Lab: Comparing Thermal Insulators, pages 450 451
Week 25 2/23/2015 16 12. Classify waves as mechanical or electromagnetic. (LR-4, LW-6 ) Examples: mechanicalearthquake waves; Electromagnetic ultraviolet light waves, visible light waves Describe longitudinal and transverse waves. Explain the relationship among waves, energy, and matter. (LR-2, LW-6 ) Describe the difference between transverse waves and compressional waves. (LR-9, LW-6) Compare and contrast various sounds made by a vibrating object. (LR-9, LW-6 ) Waves diagram the parts of the wave Slinky Lab students use a slinky to determine the type of wave MiniLab: Observing Electric Fields, page 523 Lab:Waves on a Spring, page 472 MiniLab: Comparing Sounds, page 465 Week 26 3/2/2015 16 Describe how waves travel through different media. (LR -5, LW - 6) Explain how waves can reflect from some surfaces. (L -5, LW-6 ) Explain how waves change direction when they move from one material to another. (LR -5, LW-6 ) Minilab: Observing How Light Refracts, Textbook, page 474 Lab: Wave Speed, Textbook, pages 480-481 16 Relating wavelength, frequency, and amplitude to energy. (LR-4, LW- 6) Investigate wave properties such as speed and amplitude. (LR -3, LW-6 ) Lab: Waves on a Spring, Textbook, page 472 Week 27 3/9/2015 3/11/2015 3 rd Quarter Exam Review 3 rd Quarter Exam Week 28 3/16/2015 17 Describing how earthquake waves, sound waves, water waves and electromagnetic Identify the characteristics of sound waves. (LR-2, LW-6 ) Lab: Examining Pitch, Teacher Manual, Sound Lab Manual, pages 9 10
waves can be destructive or beneficial due to the transfer of energy. (LR-5, LW-6 ) Explain how sound travels. (LR -1, LW- 6) Week 29 3/23/2015 17 Describing how earthquake waves, sound waves, water waves and electromagnetic waves can be destructive or beneficial due to the transfer of energy. (LR -5, LW-6 ) Explain the difference between music and noise. (LR -5, LW -6 ) Describe how different instruments produce music. (LR -5, LW -6 ) Explain how you hear. (LR -1, LW -6 ) Lab: Homemade Band, Teacher Resources, Sound Lab Manual, pages 11 14 Week 30 4/6/2015 18 Describing the electromagnetic spectrum in terms of frequencies. Example: electromagnetic spectrum in increasing frequencies microwaves, infrared light, visible light, ultraviolet light, X rays. (LR -5, LW 2c) Explain how electromagnetic waves are produced. (LR -1, LW 2c) Describe the properties of electromagnetic waves. (LR -5, LW -2c ) Explain differences among kinds of electromagnetic waves. (LR -9, LW 2c) Write a story about the EMS Foldable, Textbook, page 519 Week 31 4/13/2015 18 Describing the electromagnetic spectrum in terms of frequencies. Example: electromagnetic spectrum in increasing frequencies microwaves, infrared light, visible light, ultraviolet light, X rays. (LR -5, LW -2c ) Identify uses for different kinds of electromagnetic waves. (LR -8, LW -2c ) Lab: The electromagnetic Spectrum, Teacher Resources, Electromagnetic Waves Lab Manual, page 9
4/20/2015 4/22/2015 4 th Quarter Mid-Term Review 4 th Quarter Mid-Term Exam Week 32 4/27/2015 Week 33 5/4/2015 7 8 Website 7. Describe states of matter based on kinetic energy of particles in matter. Explaining effects of temperature, concentration, surface area, and catalysts on the rate of chemical reactions. (LR-5, LW-9) 6. Define solution in terms of solute and solvent. (LR-4, LW-2d ) Defining diffusion and osmosis. (LR-4, LW-2d ) Describe different types of solutions and how they form. (LR-2, LW-9 ) Design and conduct an inquiry on stain removals. (LR-10, LW-9 ) Use paper chromatography to analyze and identify inks. (LR-3, LW-2d ) Brain Pop Kinetic and Potential energy, Exothermic or Endothermic page 208 GEMS Alien Juice Bar http://sv.berkeley.edu/showc ase/flash/juicebar.html Brain Pop Movie Internet sites; biology on line;mun.cal/biology/help Website Defining isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic solutions. (LR-4, LW-2d ) Week 34 5/11/2015 8 Website Describing acids and bases based on their hydrogen ion concentration. (LR-3, LW-2d ) Compare the ph of various solutions and classify the solutions as acidic, basic, or neutral. (LR-3, LW-2d ) Homemade ph Scale, Textbook, page 150 Cabbage Juice Lab Teacher Resources www.middlescience.com Week 35 5/18/2015 5/19/2015 5/22/2014 4 th Quarter Exam Review 4 th Quarter Exam
Note: Literacy Standards Literacy Reading (LR#) Literacy Writing (LW#)