Name: ate: 1. Which statement correctly describes a property of a type of matter?. ir is a mixture of gases.. Ice is a mixture of gases.. ir is a liquid.. Ice is a liquid. 4. Why is cobalt (o) placed before nickel (Ni) on the periodic table of the elements even though it has a higher average atomic mass than nickel?. Nickel has one more proton.. obalt was discovered first.. Nickel has fewer electrons.. obalt has a lower density. 2. ccording to the periodic table, the neutral atom of what element has 4 protons, 5 neutrons, and 4 electrons?. beryllium. boron. fluorine. aluminum 5. Which of the following is the most important factor in determining an element s place in the periodic table?. Number of protons. Number of neutrons. tomic harge 3. Which class of elements best conducts electricity?. tomic ensity. metals. nonmetals. semimetals. noble (inert) gases page 1
Water, Water Everywhere Students in a science class were studying the chemical and physical properties of water. One group of students took a block of ice at 20 and heated it at a steady rate for 60 minutes. The graph below shows the temperature changes over that time period. page 2
6. Water (H 2 O) is best classified as a(n). 9. Which of the following best describes an atom?. element. atom. compound. mixture. protons and electrons grouped together in a random pattern. protons and electrons grouped together in an alternating pattern. a core of protons and neutrons surrounded by electrons. a core of electrons and neutrons surrounded by protons 7. Use this element from the periodic table to answer the question. What is the atomic mass for silicon?. 14.0. 14.1. 28.1. 42.1 10. Which of the following is found farthest from the center of an atom?. nucleus. proton 8. The atomic number of an element indicates which of the following?. neutron. electron. the number of neutrons in the atom. the number of protons in the atom. the sum of the neutrons and protons in the atom. the sum of the protons and electrons in the atom page 3
11. Use the picture of an atom below to answer the question. 13. Silver (g) has 47 protons in each atom. ased on this information, which of the following also describes an atom of silver?. It has no neutrons.. It has 47 electrons.. It has 23 neutrons and 24 electrons.. It has a total of 94 neutrons and electrons. Which statement best describes the part of the atom that is shown by the arrow?. It is an electron, and it has a negative charge.. It is an electron, and it has a positive charge.. It is a proton, and it has a negative charge.. It is a proton, and it has a positive charge. 14. The nucleus of a nitrogen atom consists of which of the following particles?. electrons only. protons only. protons and neutrons. electrons and neutrons 12. Which of the following elements can form an anion that contains 54 electrons, 74 neutrons, and 53 protons?.. 15. Which model best illustrates Thomson s explanation of the atom?...... page 4
16. Which distinguishes an atom of one element from an atom of a different element? 20. The diagram below shows the chemical structure of water.. the number of protons. the number of neutrons. the number of electrons. the number of neutrons and protons What can be concluded about the structure of water?. It is an atom made up of two elements.. It is an atom made up of three elements.. It is a molecule made up of two elements. 17. Which of the following is formed when two elements combine chemically?. It is a molecule made up of three elements.. an atom. a compound. an electron. a mixture 18. What is the smallest unit of an element that still has the properties of that element?. an atom. a compound. an electron. a molecule 21. Monica made a snack for her friends by putting pretzels, peanuts, and raisins together in a bowl. Which statement describes Monica s snack?. It is a new element because a chemical change took place.. It is a solution because the ingredients cannot be separated.. It is a new compound because a physical change took place. 19. Sugar is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Sugar is an example of which of the following?. It is a mixture because each ingredient kept its original properties.. an atom. a compound. an electron. a mixture page 5
22. The picture below shows the melting of an ice cube. 25. scientist uses an instrument to observe the pattern of molecules in a substance. The picture below shows what the scientist sees. The ice cube changed because it What state of matter is the scientist most likely observing?. cooled.. warmed.. gas. liquid. vapor. solid. hardened.. evaporated. 23. On a warm sunny afternoon, ocean water splashed onto a rock. short time later, the rock was dry. Which statement best explains what happened to the water on the rock?. Heat caused the water to become a gas.. Heat melted the water and it disappeared.. Salt caused the water to become a gas. 26. s a sample of water turns to ice,. new molecules are formed.. the mass of the sample is increased.. the arrangement of the molecules changes.. energy is absorbed by the molecules.. Salt melted the water and it disappeared. 24. Four materials are put into small containers. These materials are then moved from the small containers into larger containers. Which material will spread out to completely fill a larger container?. air. ice. sand. water 27. The random molecular motion of a substance is greatest when the substance is. condensed.. a liquid.. frozen.. a gas. page 6
28. In the Kitchen ommon kitchen appliances include electric stoves, toasters and blenders. Each appliance uses an energy source and involves energy changes to prepare food. n open pot of water is heated on the stove. s water boils, the molecules.. move slower and closer together 30. child put a cup of orange juice in the freezer to make it into an ice pop. This is an example of a. gas changing to a liquid. liquid changing to a solid. solid changing to a liquid. liquid changing to a gas. move faster and farther apart.. get larger. get smaller 29. Solids have a definite shape and volume. This is because. the molecules in solids move past each other easily.. the molecules in solids stay in a definite location and vibrate.. the molecules in solids move freely in all directions. 31. When Jake breathes out on a cold day, a cloud is formed. Which change occurs that lets Jake see his breath as a cloud?. Gas changes to liquid.. Solid changes to gas.. Liquid changes to gas.. Liquid changes to solid.. the molecules in solids do not move at all. page 7
32. The picture below shows the Sun shining on an open jar with some water in it. 33. Which glass contains only a gas?.... Justin put the jar of water on a picnic table outside in the sunlight. Which of the following pictures shows what Justin would observe after all of the water had turned into a gas?.. 34. The picture below shows a solid floating in a liquid... Which of the following statements describes one way that solids are different from liquids?. Solids have weight and liquids do not.. Solids take up space and liquids do not.. Solids have a definite shape and liquids do not.. Solids have a definite volume and liquids do not. page 8
35. elilah put a container of water in the freezer and left it there overnight. The next morning she saw that the water in the container had changed to ice. Which of the following statements best explains why the water changed to ice?. The water gained energy.. The water absorbed light.. Mass was released from the water. 37. Which of the following is an example of a physical change but not a chemical change?. log gives off heat and light as it burns.. tree stores energy from the Sun in its fruit.. penny lost in the grass slowly changes color.. water pipe freezes and cracks on a cold night.. Heat was taken away from the water. 36. pond is pictured below in two different seasons. 38. The diagram below represents a phase change for some copper atoms. Which of the following has caused the changes in the pond from to?. The pond water has lost heat energy.. The pond water temperature has increased.. Warm water has risen to the top of the pond. Which of the following phase changes are the copper atoms undergoing?. gas to liquid. liquid to gas. solid to liquid. liquid to solid. ll of the water has evaporated from the pond. page 9
39. When a steel block at 100 is placed on top of a copper block at 20, the thermal energy of the copper begins to increase. Which of the following is the source of this increase in energy?. the work done by the molecules within the copper. the work done by the interaction of the two metals. heat flowing by means of conduction. heat flowing by means of radiation 42. pot of cold water was heated on a stove until the water boiled. Which of the following best explains why the water was able to boil?. The hot stove absorbed cold from the pot.. The cold water absorbed heat from the pot.. The hot stove gave off heat to the surrounding air.. The cold water gave off cold to the surrounding air. 40. Which two forms of energy could best be used to increase the temperature of a sheet of copper?. heat and light. heat and sound. light and magnetism. electricity and sound 43. Which of the following is an example of heat transfer by conduction?. sunlight heating a floor. an electric stove heating an iron pan 41. Which of the following is an example of heat transfer by conduction?. a wood stove heating nearby objects through electromagnetic waves. an electric heater heating air, which rises and is replaced with cooler air. a whole metal spoon getting hot when one end is in hot soup. the inside of a car in the sun getting very hot. a tar road getting hotter in the sun than a concrete sidewalk. a fireplace fire heating a room on a cold day page 10
44. Which of the following objects transfers its energy primarily by radiation? 45. Which of the following is the best example of heat transfer by convection?. Heat lamp. from the lower water to the surface. from the iron to the. Electic stovetop. eiling shirt. from the Sun to Earth fan. urning candle. from the griddle to the eggs 46. n architect knows that a home receiving a lot of exposure to the Sun will benefit from the heating effects of sunlight if there is a lot of glass in the home s design. y which of the following methods will sunlight heat the home?. conduction. convection. evaporation. radiation page 11
47. In which of the following examples is heat transferred primarily by radiation?. fan blows warm air around a room.. hot water bottle warms a person s feet.. Water vapor from a shower warms the room.. spoon held near the side of a flame gets warm. page 12
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