rm mal Conductivity Meter (TC30 000 Series) Versatile for Solid, Liquid & Paste Higher Accuracy (± ±2%) Faster ( 2s-20s ) Little Sample Easy-to-Use Wide Temperature Range
About Us Established in 2007, XIATECH is committed to providing high-precisionn thermal analysis and thermophyscit ial properties measurement instruments and solutions forr laboratory research and quality control in petroleum, chemical, biological, pharmaceutical, food, power & energy and so on. XIATECH instruments include thermophyscial properties measurement instruments, thermometers and thermostat bathes. All of the thermal analysis instruments, including high-precision Liquid thermal conductivity meter, versatile thermal conductivity meter, liquid flow calorimeter, viscometer, PVT measurement systems and so on, are developed on the state of art measurement technique popularly usedd in international researchh laboratoriess and more than 15 years of laboratory research experiences on thermophysical properties measurement of fluids. rmal Conductivity Meter In addition to the unique position in the field of thermal conductivity measurement of fluid, the t transientt hot-wire (THW) method is also widely applied in thee thermal conductivity measurement of solids, colloids, and molten melt. TC 3000 seriess is another success application of XIATECH THW technique. Special sensor design makes it a versatile for liquids, solids, powder, viscous body, paste and etc. TC 3000 series also have lots of advantages: Fast and Accurate: 2~ ~20 seconds with an accuracy of 2~3 % in all range(0.01~20w/( (m K)); Little Sample Requirement: little sample, all kinds of shapes; Non-destructive:especially suitable for materials containing water; Versatile: suitable for material in forms f of liquids, bulk, sheet, film, powder, viscous body, paste and etc.; Specific cations TC 3000E TC 3000 TC 3010 Method Transient Hot Wire (THW) Range 0.005~10 W/( m K ) 0.005~20 W/( m m K ) 0.001~200 W/( m K ) Accuracy ± 3 % ± 2 % ± 1~2 % Resolution 0.005 W/( m K ) 0..005 W/( m K ) 0.001 W/( m K ) Reproducibility Better than± 5 % Better than± 3 % ± 2~3 % Temperature Range Measuring Time Sample Application Range Interface Operating System Reference Standard RT RT(-30~ ~200 Modules available) 2 ~20 seconds sidee length 2. 5cm ; thickness 0.30mm; Bulk, sheet, paste, gel, liquid, film and etc USB Win7/ Vista /XP/ 2003 ASTM C1113 ASTM D5930
Measure ement Method TC 3000 series are developed on a hot wire with a diameter of 25um, and the D/L is larger than 1000. measurement uncertainties of CRM borosilicate glass and Pyrex glass by TC3000 T series are better than t 1 % in the temperature range from (243 to 393K). measurement accuracy in all range (0.01~20.0W/( W/(mK)) is better than 3%. Transient Hot wire Method transient hot-wire (THW) techniquee is today a well-established, absolutee technique for the measurement of the thermal conductivity of gases, liquids,, nanofluids, melts, and solids. And especially, THW iss considered to be the bestt method for the thermal conductivity measurement off fluids and Gases. It hass been shown that it can be applied successfully to both polar and non-polarr fluids in a very wide range of temperature and pressure only except for thee critical region and the very low pressure gas region. In the transient hot-wire technique, the thermal conductivity of the medium is determined byy observing the rate at which the temperature of a very thin metallic wire increases with time after a step change in voltagee has been applied to it, thus creating in the medium a line source of essentially uniform heat flux per unit length that is constant in time. This has the effect of producing a temperature field throughout thee medium which increases with time. thermal conductivity is obtained from the time evolution of the temperature off the wire. working equation is: q q 4 T id ( r 0, t) lnt ln( ) 2 4 4 r C 0 Comparison of thermal conductivity measurement methods are listed as below. Transient Hot Wire Laser Flash Method Transient Plane Source Guarded Hot Plate Method Transient method Transient method Transient method m Steady state method Property obtained measured and α; calculated C P with ρ. Measured α andd C P ; calculated withh ρ. measured and α; calculated C P with ρ. Only measured. Accuracy ory model typically ± 1~2% %; depends on the technique; Line source ±3 % for α; Accuracy of depends d on that of C P and ρ; Non-contact source; surface contact of T measurement typically ±3 ± ~5%; depends on the technique; Plane source; surface contact typically ±3 ~5%; depends on the technique; surface contact c Application solid, liquid, gas Solid at high temperature Solid, liquid rmal insulation materialss Sample Size little requirements With specific dimensions little requirements sample with large size ( the larger, the better) Measuring Time several seconds several seconds to minutes several seconds to minutes 2 hours(not suitable for moist materials) Accuracy of Temperature 10 mk ( resolution: 1 mk) Usually 1 K. (resolution > 0.11 K) depends on the thermometric elements (resolution > 0.5 K)
Features Accurate Based on the state of art THW technique,, TC3000 is an absolute and accurate thermal conductivity meterr for solids, liquids, powder and paste; hot wire is 25um, and the D/L is larger than 1000,, which make the TC3000 series consistent with thee THW theory; measurement uncertainties of CRM borosilicate glass and Pyrex glass by TC3000 seriess are better than 1 % in the temperature range from (243 to 393K). measurement accuracy in all range (0.01~20.0W/ (m K)) is better than 3% %. Fast and Nondestructive For different material, the hot wire heating time is justt last for several seconds. Non-destructivee measurement since the temperature rise is only 2~ ~4K, especially suitable for materials containing water, such as soil, paste, liquids, biomass and etc. e Little Sample Requirement For solids, as long as the smallest side length is larger than 2.5 cm and the smallest thickness is larger than 0.30mm; ; For paste and liquids, 50mL is enough; Sample should be in all kinds of shapes, sample s with irregular shape could also be measured directly; No sample preparation is needed, so it is very suitablee for QC and on-line test. Easy to Use USB data transfer, operator without professional knowledge could also get reliable results in 2~20 seconds; re are some other functions together with the software Hot wire 3.0, such as: automatic continue dataa acquisition; automatic temperature control (together with XIATECH C3000 thermostats); Versatilee Special sensor design makes TC 3000 series a versatile meter for materials in all kinds of forms; just with one sensor, it can be used for thee thermal conductivity measurement for all kinds of liquids, bulk, sheet, film, powder, viscous body, paste and etc. inn 0.01~20W/(m K); a wide application in the thermal conductivity measurement of thermal insulation material, silicone gel, thermal silicone s grease, ceramics, rubber, plastic, soil, crop grain and etc.; suitable for temperature range of -30 ~200 together with the environment modules;
Validation Borosilicate glass (Pyrex 7740, CRM039), glassy ceramic (Pyroceram 9606, SRM1415), stainless steel (AISI 304L, SRM1460/SRM 8420/SRM 8421) are solid reference material recommended by IRMM and NIST. performance of the meters was checked by measuring the thermal conductivity of Borosilicate glass and stainless steel in the temperature range of 280~360 K. Table 1 lists the measurement results. Tr is the measured temperature, λcal is calculated from the correlation in rmal Conductivity of Reference Solid Materials(M. J. Assael, K. Gialou, K. Kakosimos, I. Metaxa. Int. J. rmophys, 2004, 25(2):397-408), λexp is measured thermal conductivity. (λexp-λcal)/λcal /% are the deviation of experiment and calculations. results show that the accuracy of TC3010 is better than ± 1 %. 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0-6 -5-4 -3-2 -1 0 1 Int Fig 1 ΔT vs lnt Table 1 Experimental thermal conductivity of Borosilicate glass T r /K λ exp /W m -1 K -1 λ cal /W m -1 K -1 (λ exp -λ cal )/ λ cal /% 286.75 1.144 1.141-0.19 297.21 1.148 1.149-0.13 308.17 1.157 1.159 0.74 316.92 1.160 1.168-0.69 327.25 1.187 1.178 0.71 336.11 1.184 1.187-0.28 345.98 1.188 1.196-0.69 355.31 1.211 1.206 0.49-1 W m -1 K 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 280 300 320 340 360 T/K Fig 2 Experimental thermal conductivity of Borosilicate glass Table 2 Experimental thermal conductivity of stainless steel T r /K λ exp /W m -1 K -1 λ cal /W m -1 K -1 (λ exp -λ cal )/ λ cal /% 293.59 13.98 14.12 0.96 18 17 303.17 14.21 14.34 0.86 16 15 311.41 14.44 14.52-0.60 14 322.08 14.67 14.76-0.61 13 12 328.82 14.78 14.91-0.90 11 339.58 15.26 15.14 0.75 10 285 300 315 330 345 360 349.25 15.24 15.34-0.68 T/K 359.29 15.69 15.56 0.85 Figure 3 rmal conductivity of stainless steel -1 /W m -1 K 20 19
Applicat tion rmal conductivity of rmal silica gel rmal silica gel is a new kind of silicone s withh additives of high thermal conductivity. As a superior insulation, the thermal conductivity of silicone rubber is usually only about 0.2W / (m K), but by adding a high-performance heat-conductive additives (e.g. Al, Cu, MgO, AIN, BN, SiC, graphite, carbon black, etc.), the t thermal conductivity can be improved several times or even several tens t of times. thermal conductivities of several thermal silica gels with different additives weree measured by the TC3000 meter andd listed in table 1. results show that there is a significant difference of the thermal performance for different sample. Besides, TC3000 shows its advantages when used in sample with irregular shapes. Table 1 rmal conductivity of thermal silica gels Sample Description exp/w -1 W m -1 K Users XIATECH has provide high-precision thermal analyzer instruments and services for researchers of: Peking University Tsinghua University Xi an Jiaotong Unversity Zhejiang University SUN YAT-S SEN University Nanjing University Tongji University Tianjin University Harbin Institute of Technology 5cm 5cm 1cm 1.4510 Institute of Engineering rmophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 7cm 4.5cm 1cmm 1.2360 4cm 3cm 14mmm 0.7696 4cm 3cm 5mmm 0.8891 4cm 3cm 17mmm 1.2107 Institutee of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics(SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shell China; Honeywell China; University of Western Australia; XIATE ECH Xi an Xiatech Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. www.xiatech..com.cn Phone:86-29-82233801 Fax:86-29-88135429 Email:sales@xiatech.com.cn