23 5 2004 3 GEO GRAPHICAL RESEARCH Vol123, No13 May, 2004,, (, 100101) :,, 1976 20,,,, GIS,,,, : ; ; ; : P737112 + 1 ; P33215 : 100020585 (2004) 0320339208 1 1855,,, 10, 7 [1 ] 1976 5,,,,,,,, [2 ],, [3 12 ] [6 ],, TM,, [7 ],, 1975 1992 [8 ], 1976 1996 [9 ] 1976 2000 20,, : 2003211218 ; : 2004203208 : 863 (2001AA633010) ; ( XIO G2D002 004) : (19752),,, GIS E2mail : changj @ lreis1ac1cn
340 23,,, ;,,,,, 1976 1999,, 2 211 1 ( ), Fig11 Location of the research area [12 ], ( 1),, Landsat - TM/ ETM + SPO T Radasat CBERS - 1,, MSS TM ETM + ( 1) 1 Tab11 Satellite remote sensing data MSS 1976/ 12/ 01, 1977/ 05/ 10, 1981/ 11/ 21 4, 80m TM 1984/ 10/ 05, 1985/ 03/ 04, 1986/ 06/ 05, 1987/ 05/ 07, 1988/ 12/ 03, 1989/ 02/ 13, 1991/ 01/ 26, 1992/ 04/ 02, 1993/ 10/ 30, 1994/ 02/ 19, 1995/ 03/ 10, 1996/ 05/ 31, 1996/ 09/ 20, 1997/ 10/ 09, 1998/ 05/ 05, 1999/ 06/ 25 7, TM1 TM5 TM7 30m, TM6 120m ETM + 2000/ 05/ 02 8, TM1 TM5 TM7 30m, ETM + 6 60m, ETM + 8 15m 212 : 1) 1 50000, 1999 6 25 TM 30 ( ),, 30m
3 : 341 10m 2), -,, 3),, 213,, [13 ],,,,,,,,, [8 ],,,, [8 ],,,, [14 ],, ERDAS, : 1) ( ISODA TA), 20 2),, 3), 4),, 214, 330 km 2, 1318 km 2 / a 17, GIS, ( 2 2) 2 Tab12 Net epirogenetic area and ranges of the spit in the Yellow River Estuary (km 2 ) (km) (km 2 ) (km) P1 1977. 05 1981111 145 914 P10 1993110 1994102-8 013 P2 1981111 1984110 45 816 P11 1994102 1995103 10 213 P3 1984110 1985103 23 111 P12 1995103 1996105 2 113 P4 1985103 1986106-11 - 315 P13 1996105 1996109 16 513 P5 1986106 1987105-34 - 116 P14 1996109 1997110-315 - 117 P6 1987105 1989102 91 613 P15 1997110 1998105-519 - 212 P7 1989102 1991101-7 216 P16 1998105 1999106 1216 412 P8 1991101 1992104 35 018 P17 1999106 2000105 0-013 P9 1992104 1993110 14 116 : P13 P17 1996 7 2,, ( 2a b),
342 23,,,,,,,,,,,, ( 2c d) : a b c d P1 P6 P13 P17 P1 P12 P7 P12 2 Fig12 Relation between ranges of the spit and net epirogenetic area, : (1) 1976 12 1987 5,,,,,, 5 1981 11,,,, 1985 3, 1911km, 213km 2 1986 1987,,, 1987 5, 511km, 45km 2 ( 3a),,, (2) 1987 5 1992 4,,, 917km, 119km 2 ( 3b),, (3) 1992 4 1996 5,,, 515km, 18km 2 ( 3c), (4) 1996 5 2000 5,, 1996 7,,,
3 : 343, 9,,,,, 513km, 1912km 2 ( 3d),, 1999 6, 2000 5, 211km, : ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ), 3d, 3 Fig13 Evolution process of the coastline in the Yellow River Estuary 3 311,, 1950 1975 44817 m 3, 1113 t 1976, 22912 m 3 5182 t, 1950 1975
344 23, (7 10 ) 14914 m 3, 6512 % ; 5121 t, 8915 %( 4) 4 1976 1999 Fig14 Runoff and sand2transportation statistic at Lijin station during 1976 1999, 1976 : (1),, (2), 1986, (3) 90,,, 312,,, ;,,, ;,, ( ), 1977 5 1985 3, 2140km/ a ; 1985 3 1996 5, 0192 km/ a ; 1977 5 1996 5, 1154 km/ a 1996 7, 513km,, 319km, 1999 6 412km, 5 Fig15 Relation between ranges of the spit and the runoff and sand2transportation
3 : 345,, 5, : ( ) 01013 ( ),,,, ;, 01013 ( ), 313, [15 ], 200 m 3, 5 t, 2 3 t, 200 m 3, 2 t, 0101, ; 200 m 3, 3 t, 01015, ;, 4 (1),,,,, (2),,,, ;,,, ; (3) ( ),, : [ 1 ], 1 1 :,19901251 2531 [ 2 ], 1 1 :,1997. 60 611 [ 3 ] Frihy E, Nasr S M, El Hattab M M, et al1 Remote sensing of beach erosion along the Rosetta Promontary, Northwest2 ern Nile Delta, Egypt1 IN T1 J1 Remote Sensing,1994, 15 (8) : 1649 16601 [ 4 ] Chen L C, Rau J Y1 Detection of Shoreline Changes for Tideland Areas Using Multi2temporal Satellite Images1 IN T1 J1 Remote Sensing,1998, 19 (17) : 3383 33971 [ 5 ] 1 1 :,1990. [ 6 ] 1 1 ( ),1986,(4) :34 431 [ 7 ],, 1 1,1994,14(2) :29 371 [ 8 ],,, 1 1,1994, (3) :12 221 [ 9 ],, 1 21 1 :,19991 [ 10 ],, 1 1,2000, (4) :1 61 [ 11 ],, 1 1,2000,20(4) :17 211 [12 ],, 1TM - SAR 1,2001, 17
346 23 (4) :15 191 [ 13 ] Yang X M, Lan R Q, Yang Q H1Change Detection Based on Remote Sensing Information Model and its Application on Coastal Line of Yellow River Delta1 http :/ / www1gisdevelopment1net/ aars/ acrs/ 1999/ ps5/ ps5043pf1htm, 2002, 121 [ 14 ] 1 ( ) 1 :,1989. 90 991 [ 15 ] 1 1UNDP,1997. Analysis on spatio2temporal feature of coastline change in the Yellow River Estuary and its relation with runoff and sand2transportation CHAN G J un, L IU Gao huan, L IU Qing sheng ( Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS,Beijing 100101,China) Abstract : It is well known that the Yellow River is the river with the highest sediment con2 tents of all rivers in the world1 Several hundred million tons of sediments are transported to the coast and to the sea nearby annually, so the Yellow River Estuary area has witnessed the fastest coastline changes in t he world1 This paper describes t he spatio2temporal feat ures of t he coastline dynamics in the estuary area using remote sensing images since the course of the Yellow River was changed to Qingshuigou channel artificially in 19761 Trying to anatomize t he spatio2temporal feat ures of coastline evolution, 20 sheet s of Land2 sat images were used as t he data source1 The multi2temporal satellite images were rectificated precisely and registered each other, and all the images have the same coordinate system1 After supervised classification t he coastlines were ext racted automatically f rom remote sensing im2 ages1 The result shows that a new land of 330 km 2 was formed during 1976 to 2000 by GIS overlay analysis1 Finally, combined with the hydrologic data from Lijin station, the relation between coastline change and t he runoff and sand2t ransportation was analyzed, and t he evolu2 tion t rend was forecasted1 The results are as follows : (1) The method in the paper is viable to monitor the coastline change1 (2) Generally, t he land2forming speed is faster at t he initial stage after course change, and the range of the spit shows a strong linear positive correlation with the net epirogenetic area1 But the coastline begins to erode after the sediment source is broken off absolutely1 (3) The evolution process during 1976 to 2000 is divided into four stages based on the spatio2tem2 poral feat ures of t he coastline1 (4) There is a consanguineous correlation between t he ranges of the spit and the runoff and sand2transportation, and the speed of the coastline change will be2 come slow in the future according to the present condition of the runoff and sand2transporta2 tion1 Key words : coastline ; spatio2temporal feat ure ; runoff and sand2t ransportation ; t he Yellow River Est uary