Exploration of the nuclear mass surface one proton above the potentially doubly-magic nuclide 78 Ni and the commissioning of the Phase-Imaging Ion-Cyclotron-Resonance technique at ISOLTRAP Andree Welker 18.04.2018 ENSAR2 Town Meeting Groningen
Outline Motivation Mass measurement Physics Neutron-rich copper isotopes Technical developments Phase-Imaging Ion-Cyclotron-Resonance technique 1
Table of Nuclides Masses help to understand: - Evolution of Universe - Shell structure of Nuclides - Possible Neutrino masses - CKM matrix element calculation Proton Z Neutron N Nucleonica.net sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov 2
Table of Nuclides Masses help to understand: - Evolution of Universe - Shell structure of Nuclides - Possible Neutrino masses - CKM matrix element calculation Proton Z Our Sun Z=28 Neutron N Nucleonica.net sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov 2
Table of Nuclides Masses help to understand: - Evolution of Universe - Shell structure of Nuclides - Possible Neutrino masses - CKM matrix element calculation Proton Z Z=28 56 Fe, 58 Fe, 62 Ni End of fusion!!! Our Sun Neutron N Nucleonica.net sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov 2
Table of Nuclides Masses help to understand: - Evolution of Universe - Shell structure of Nuclides - Possible Neutrino masses - CKM matrix element calculation Crab Nebula Proton Z Z=28 56 Fe, 58 Fe, 62 Ni End of fusion!!! Our Sun Neutron N Nucleonica.net sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov 2
ISOLTRAP@ISOLDE@CERN 3
ISOLTRAP@ISOLDE@CERN 3
Until end 2017: 275 Users funded, from 62 experiments. Picture Credits: J. Karthein 4
Picture Credits: J. Karthein 4
RILIS p + HRS GPS 1.4-GeV protons from PSB Picture Credits: J. Karthein 4
Tools of ISOLTRAP F. Herfurth et al., NIM A 469, 254 (2001). R. N. Wolf et al., Int. J. Mass Spectrom 313, 8 (2012). G. Savard et al., Phys. Lett. A 158, 247 (1991). M. König et al., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 142, 95 (1995). 5
Tools of ISOLTRAP Beam purification: 30 ms trapping for m/δm = 10 5 F. Herfurth et al., NIM A 469, 254 (2001). R. N. Wolf et al., Int. J. Mass Spectrom 313, 8 (2012). G. Savard et al., Phys. Lett. A 158, 247 (1991). M. König et al., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 142, 95 (1995). 5
Tools of ISOLTRAP 1000 revs Ratio:1/1000 Counts A. Welker et al. PRL 119, 192502 (2017) F. Wienholtz et al. Int. J. M. Spec., Vol 421, 285-293 F. Herfurth et al., NIM A 469, 254 (2001). R. N. Wolf et al., Int. J. Mass Spectrom 313, 8 (2012). G. Savard et al., Phys. Lett. A 158, 247 (1991). M. König et al., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 142, 95 (1995). 6
Tools of ISOLTRAP ToF-ICR T exc = 100 ms T 1/2 = 334 ms A. Welker et al. PRL 119, 192502 (2017) F. Herfurth et al., NIM A 469, 254 (2001). R. N. Wolf et al., Int. J. Mass Spectrom 313, 8 (2012). G. Savard et al., Phys. Lett. A 158, 247 (1991). M. König et al., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 142, 95 (1995). 7
Neutron-rich copper isotopes Mass results: Empirical two-neutron shell gap of neutron magic nuclei S2n (Z, N 0 ) (black) A. Welker et al. PRL 119, 192502 (2017) AME2016 208 Pb 208 Pb N 0 = 126 N = 126 8
Neutron-rich copper isotopes Mass results: Empirical two-neutron shell gap of neutron magic nuclei S2n (Z, N 0 ) (black) A. Welker et al. PRL 119, 192502 (2017) AME2016 132 Sn 208 Pb N 0 = 82 208 Pb N 0 = 126 N = 126 8
Neutron-rich copper isotopes Mass results: Empirical two-neutron shell gap of neutron magic nuclei S2n (Z, N 0 ) (black) A. Welker et al. PRL 119, 192502 (2017) AME2016 132 Sn N 0 = 50 208 Pb 208 Pb N 0 = 82 N 0 = 126 N = 126 8
Neutron-rich copper isotopes Mass results: Empirical two-neutron shell gap of neutron magic nuclei A. Welker et al. PRL 119, 192502 (2017) S2n (Z, N 0 ) (black) S2n (Z, N 0-2) (red) AME2016 132 Sn 208 Pb N 0 = 50 N 0 = 82 208 Pb N 0 = 126 N = 126 8
Neutron-rich copper isotopes Mass results: Empirical two-neutron shell gap of neutron magic nuclei A. Welker et al. PRL 119, 192502 (2017) S2n (Z, N 0 ) (black) S2n (Z, N 0-2) (red) AME2016 132 Sn 208 Pb N 0 = 50 N 0 = 82 208 Pb N 0 = 126 N = 126 8
Neutron-rich copper isotopes Mass results: Empirical two-neutron shell gap of neutron magic nuclei A. Welker et al. PRL 119, 192502 (2017) S2n (Z, N 0 ) (black) S2n (Z, N 0-2) (red) AME2016 132 Sn 208 Pb N 0 = 50 N 0 = 82 208 Pb N 0 = 126 N = 126 8
Neutron-rich copper isotopes Mass results: Empirical two-neutron shell gap of neutron magic nuclei A. Welker et al. PRL 119, 192502 (2017) S2n (Z, N 0 ) (black) S2n (Z, N 0-2) (red) AME2016 132 Sn 208 Pb N 0 = 50 N 0 = 82 208 Pb N 0 = 126 N = 126 Hint for doubly-magic 78 Ni! 8
Neutron-rich copper isotopes Mass results: Empirical two-neutron shell gap of neutron magic nuclei A. Welker et al. PRL 119, 192502 (2017) S2n (Z, N 0 ) (black) S2n (Z, N 0-2) (red) AME2016 132 Sn 208 Pb N 0 = 20 N 0 = 50 N 0 = 82 208 Pb N 0 = 126 N = 126 Hint for doubly-magic 78 Ni! 8
Neutron-rich copper isotopes Theoretical calculation: Indirect test of how strong the double shell closure is in 78 Ni. 50 3s 1/2 2d 5/2 50 3s 1/2 2d 3/2 2d 3/2 1g 7/2 1g 7/2 2d 5/2 A. Welker et al. PRL 119, 192502 (2017) 1g 9/2 1g 9/2 28 2p 1/2 2p 1/2 1f 5/2 1f 5/2 2p 3/2 28 2p 3/2 neutrons 1f 7/2 protons 1f 7/2 Cu 9
Neutron-rich copper isotopes Theoretical calculation: Indirect test of how strong the double shell closure is in 78 Ni. 50 3s 1/2 2d 5/2 50 3s 1/2 2d 3/2 2d 3/2 1g 7/2 1g 7/2 2d 5/2 A. Welker et al. PRL 119, 192502 (2017) 1g 9/2 1g 9/2 28 2p 1/2 2p 1/2 1f 5/2 1f 5/2 2p 3/2 28 2p 3/2 neutrons 1f 7/2 protons 1f 7/2 Cu JUN45 uses 56 Ni as core Valence space N=28-50 9
Neutron-rich copper isotopes Theoretical calculation: Indirect test of how strong the double shell closure is in 78 Ni. 50 3s 1/2 2d 5/2 50 3s 1/2 2d 3/2 2d 3/2 1g 7/2 1g 7/2 2d 5/2 A. Welker et al. PRL 119, 192502 (2017) 500 kev 1g 9/2 1g 9/2 28 2p 1/2 2p 1/2 1f 5/2 1f 5/2 2p 3/2 28 2p 3/2 900 kev neutrons 1f 7/2 protons 1f 7/2 Cu JUN45 uses 56 Ni as core Valence space N=28-50 9
Neutron-rich copper isotopes Theoretical calculation: Indirect test of how strong the double shell closure is in 78 Ni. 50 3s 1/2 2d 5/2 3s 1/2 2d 3/2 2d 3/2 1g 7/2 2d 5/2 50 1g 7/2 A. Welker et al. PRL 119, 192502 (2017) 1g 9/2 1g 9/2 2p 1/2 2p 1/2 1f 5/2 1f 5/2 2p 3/2 2p 3/2 28 28 neutrons 1f 7/2 protons 1f 7/2 Cu PFSDG uses 60 Ca as core Allows excitations across N=50 and Z=28 Weak shell closure 78 Ni might have shape coexistence 9
Phase Imaging- ICR (PI-ICR) Projecting: - Ions follow the magnetic field lines B DAQ - Hit the detector afterwards B 10
Phase Imaging- ICR (PI-ICR) Projecting: - Ions follow the magnetic field lines B DAQ - Hit the detector afterwards B 10
Phase Imaging- ICR (PI-ICR) Projecting: - Ions follow the magnetic field lines B DAQ - Hit the detector afterwards B 10
Phase Imaging- ICR (PI-ICR) Projecting: t acc - Ions follow the magnetic field lines B - Hit the detector afterwards DAQ φ B 10
Phase Imaging- ICR (PI-ICR) Resolving power differences in ToF-ICR and PI-ICR: Measured with the current settings to a phase difference of φ=59 at ISOLTRAP if we estimate for 129m Cd a m.e. = 350 kev. 11
Phase Imaging- ICR (PI-ICR) Resolving power differences in ToF-ICR and PI-ICR: preliminary Measured with the current settings to a phase difference of φ=59 at ISOLTRAP if we estimate for 129m Cd a m.e. = 350 kev. 11
Summary Setup: - Showed the outline of the ISOLDE facility and the ISOLTRAP setup. Techniques: - Demonstrated the strength of the MR-ToF MS. - Described the current situation in vicinity of 78 Ni. - Explained where are the limits of the old mass resolving techniques. - Presented how the position sensitive detector works and how it will help to improve the measurement of isotopes with PI-ICR. 12
Acknowledgments N. Althubiti, P. Ascher, D. Atanasov, D. Beck, K. Blaum, T. Cocolios, S. Eliseev, S. George, F. Herfurth, A. Herlert, D. Kisler, J. Karthein, M. Kowalska, Yu. A. Litvinov, D. Lunney, V. Manea, E. Minaya-Ramirez, M. Mougeot, D. Neidherr, M. Rosenbusch, H. Schmidt-Böcking, L. Schweikhard, F. Wienholtz, M. Wang, A. Welker, R. Wolf, K. Zuber Thank you very much for your attention! ISOLDE Target and Technical Group Grants No.: 05P12HGCI1 05P12HGFNE 05P15ODCIA http://isoltrap.web.cern.ch
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