Laser Laser HHG Diagnostic ATHOS PORTHOS ARAMIS THz-Pump P A U L S C H E R R E R I N S T I T U T Length of beam system = 910m &'!( Test & Commissioning steps (A,B,C) A11 Conv. Gun & Injector A12 LINAC s A13 ARAMIS ------------------------------------------------------------ B11 PORTHOS ------------------------------------------------------------ C11 LEG C12 ATHOS C13 SEEDING & SLICING Systems, THz-Pump LaserHutch1 Conv. Gun Beam Dump BC1 INJECTOR LEG Head Building S. Reiche 02.10.08 X var = ~50m ~ 650m / Y. Kim FEL-KY84-013-1 ~60m ~150m 2:3 Beam bunker Emergency exits each 70m & location for air handling components Infrastruktur bunker BC2 LaserHutch2 (access during operation) LINAC1 LINAC2 LINAC3 LINAC4 2.1GeV #3.4GeV Seeding & Slicing system 20m 10m UNDULATOR UNDULATOR Beam Dump Beam Dump CRYO-UNDULATOR Beam Dump X-ray front end system 50m Optical system Optical system Optical system FEL3 FEL2 FEL1 Experimental hall!"#$% &'!) &'!* &'!+ Energy of FEL pulse! Saturation! Emergency exits (with overcrossing) (a1) (a2) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) Head building 50m 50m 250m 100m 100m 80m 190m 50m 100m ~#545m to bridge Length of facility = #930m 350m 450m 470m 650m (Bridge ~52m) Region of main connection of PSI Infrastructure (water, electricity aso.) 90m 840m #930m &'!, &'!- ' &' 0' ('."#/% )' *' +' The PSI-XFEL A Compact Free Electron Laser for X-Ray Wavelengths
Schematic Layout for the PSI-XFEL (RF Gun Option) Photocathode Laser Undulators Beamlines TDS 250 MeV 1.5 GeV ACC1 BC1 TDS ACC2 BC2 ACC3 6.4 GeV Aramis FEL-1 Gun 12 GHz Accelerating Spectrometer Structure 2.1 GeV / 3.4 GeV Slicing Porthos 0.084 0.7 nm FEL-2 0.7 7.0 nm ACC: 3 GHz Accelerating Structures BC: Bunch Compressor FEL: Free Electron Laser FODO: Focusing - Drift - Defocusing - Drift HHG: High Harmonic Generation TDS: Transversely Deflecting Structure Seed Laser HHG D Artagnan Modulator Athos FEL-3 0.7 7.0 nm Advantages Text of new layout (Sven Reiche, Fall 2008) Decoupled operation of all FEL beamlines Wavelength range optimized for optics, resulting one hard-x-ray and two soft X-ray beamlines. Undulator modules fulfills minimum gap requirement of g > 6.5 mm for all wavelengths. Identical modules for both soft X-ray FELs allows for more flexible electron beam distribution.
Electron Source Low emittance gun project at PSI Goal: develop a pulsed-dc gun Develop a two frequency cavity for optimal longitudinal phase space manipulation Cathodes: Single-tip field emitter Field emitter array Photocathode New: RF photocathode gun as an alternative electron source CTF-5 Gun from CERN Larger slice emittance Lower energy spread when compressed to the same peak current Alternatively: larger peak current
The PSI-XFEL Status Re-optimization of the PSI-XFEL design is in progress As a consequence, please note that all numbers stated in this talk are still converging towards their final values In this talk, I will present the current baseline Possible extensions to this baseline will not be presented
3 Beamlines, 5 Operating Modes Beamline 1 Aramis Beamline 2 Porthos Beamline 3 d Artagnan / Athos Wavelength 0.1 0.7 nm 0.7 7.0 nm 0.7 7.0 nm Photon Energy 1.71 12 kev 0.17 1.71 kev 0.17 1.71 kev Tuning Electron Energy Undulator Gap Undulator Gap Undulator Type Cryo, in-vacuum APPLE APPLE Undulator Length 60 70 m 50 60 m 50 60 m K-Value 1.2 1.0 3.2 1.0 3.2 Period 15 mm 40 mm 40 mm Gap 4 mm 6.5 50 mm 6.5 50 mm Electron Energy 2.2 5.8 GeV 2.1 / 3.4 GeV 2.1 / 3.4 GeV Normalized Slice Emittance 0.45 µm 0.45 µm 0.45 µm Electron Bunch Charge 200 pc 200 pc 200 pc
3 Beamlines, 5 Operating Modes Wavelength Photon Energy Type Tuning Undulator Mode 1 0.1 0.7 nm 1.71 12 kev SASE Energy Aramis Mode 2 0.7 2.8 nm 0.43 1.71 kev SASE Gap Athos / Porthos Mode 3 1.8 7.0 nm 0.17 0.67 kev SASE Gap Athos / Porthos Mode 4 1* 7 nm 0.17 1.2 kev seeded Gap Athos Mode 5 7 25 nm 48 170 ev seeded Gap d Artagnan * 3 rd harmonic
Schematic Layout Length of beam system = 910m ~ 650m / Y. Kim FEL-KY84-013-1 X var = ~50m ~60m ~150m Test & Commissioning steps (A,B,C) A11 Conv. Gun & Injector A12 LINAC s A13 ARAMIS -------------------------------------------------- B11 PORTHOS -------------------------------------------------- C11 LEG C12 ATHOS C13 SEEDING & SLICING, THz-Pump GPAG Proposal for cross sections LaserHutch2 (access during operation) ~200m ~20m Laser HHG Seeding & Slicing system D Artagnan Diagnostic UNDULATOR ATHOS S. Reiche 02.10.08 X-ray front end system Optical system Experimental hall FEL3 Laser Conv. Gun LEG LaserHutch1 Beam Dump INJECTOR BC1 Beam bunker LINAC1 BC2 LINAC2 LINAC3 <3! LINAC4 20m 10m UNDULATOR PORTHOS Beam Dump Beam Dump CRYO-UNDULATOR ARAMIS 50m Optical system Optical system FEL2 FEL1 ~4m ~4m 2.1GeV / 3.4GeV Beam Dump THz-Pump Head Building Infrastruktur bunker (a1) (a2) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) Head building 50m 50m 250m 100m 120m 80m 190m 50m 100m ~#545m to bridge Air conditioning & over crossing 350m 450m Length of facility = #930m 570m (Bridge ~52m) 650m 840m PSI-Infra region of main connection to PSI infrastructure 90m #930m Peter Ming
The PSI-XFEL FEL experiments Demonstration of FEL principle Limited use as a user facility X-Ray FEL as spin-offs from linear collider development SLC LCLS, TESLA EU XFEL, JLC(C) SCSS Bunch parameters and time structure constrained by original linear collider design! FELs designed from the outset user facilities Beam parameters, time structure & coherence properties More compact design Synergy with PSI expertise Detector development User facility operation
Comparison of XFELs LCLS SCSS EU XFEL PSI-XFEL Wavelength nm 0.15 0.1 0.1 0.1 Design Peak Brilliance * 8 10 32 5 10 33 5 10 33 1 10 33 ** Electron Energy GeV 14.35 6.1 17.5 5.8 Normalized Slice Design Emittance µm 1.2 0.85 1.4 0.45 Undulator Period mm 30 15 35.6 15 Gain Length m 4.8 3.7 2.5 Saturation Length m 92 80 140 39 Facility Length m 3000 750 3400 910 Start of Operation 2009 2010 2014 2016 Source LCLS TDR (SLAC-R-593) * number of photons / s mm 2 mrad 2 0.1% bandwidth ** calculated with Ming Xie formulae SCSS CDR (Highest photon energy XFEL at each location) XFEL TDR (DESY 2006-097)
Simulations Linac with RF Gun Design Optics #$%&&&&&&&&&&&'()*$%&&&&&&&#$+&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& '()*$+&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&,(*-%&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&,(*-+&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.&/0,0&$1223&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&4" /0,0&$1223 Yujong Kim!"
Simulations Linac with RF Gun Projected Emittance #$%&&&&&&&&&&&&&'()*$%&&&&&&#$+&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& '()*$+&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&!"E2FGHG2I/+D2! " E2JKJLLM! N2 E2HJ2#%D2! O2 E2HJ2#%D2! # E PKH2#% $ )N Q2JKRFL2#%D2$ )O Q2JKLRF2#% $ "/'S T2HKU2SVD2$ )D9B$0/ T2JKLL2#%D2! 1!D9B$0/ T2WJKJ2S/+ A(-2X1&X2! GJ2#% 5/'S2(90$BB'#$()28O2(90$BB'#$)?2-/9$17'B2C(-$&()#'B2 1$9"/-9$()2Q2GJ *GU %2^21'%"/12/)/-?O29"-/'12 9(%/5C'#28$?2"-(./0#/12/%$##')0/?-(5#C2Y2Z[H217/2#(29#-()?/-2[:\ $?)(-'8B/20C-(%'#$02/AA/0#92Y24;]V[G2^24;]V[H Yujong!" Kim
Simulations Linac with RF Gun Phase Space at FEL-1 C(>0-$A-/>0$)#/).$#G0');0 )'>>(7/>0:');7$;#-0$)0#-/01H140:/'%D$)/ $%">(F/;0/)/>AG02-$>"$)A0');0 D(70/)/>AG0.">/';0C(>0#-/01H140:/'%D$)/ 34560!"I0JKLM0N/+E0! " I0OPOQRS! T0 I0UJ0#%E0! G0 I06J0#%E0! # I RPU0#% $ )T V0OPLWQ0#%E0$ )G V0OPQLW0#% $ "/'X Y0UPM0XHE0$ )E.D$2/ Y0OPQQ0#%E0! ;!E.D$2/ Y0JOPO0X/+ C(>0Z;&Z0! 6O0#% Yujong Kim
Simulations Linac with RF Gun Slice Parameters at 6 GeV! "/'L F0MHN0LO0C(20J;&J0F0KG0"% # ;"E3-$./ F0MKGHP0L/+ C(207D(-/0:9).D # ;"E3-$./ F0QGHG0L/+ C(20J;&J0F0KG0"% $).2/'3/;0"/'L0.922/)#0S $).2/'3/;03-$./0/)/2AR03"2/';0S C2(%09).(22/-'#/;0/)/2AR03"2/';! )E3-$./0 F0GHII0"%0C(20J;&J0F0KG0"%! )E3-$./0 F0GHII0"%0C(20J;&J0F0KG0"%!" Yujong Kim
Simulations FEL-1 at 0.1 nm RF Gun FEL 1 Simulations for 1 Å Operation (s2e RF Gun @ 2.7 ka) Saturation Length! 43 m! Pulse Energy! 110 µj! Average Power! 2.9 GW! Bandwidth (rms)! 0.07 %!!"#$% &'!( &'!) &'!* &'!+ Energy of FEL pulse! Saturation! Divergence (rms)! 1.5 µrad! &'!, Size (rms)! 25 µm! &'!- ' &' 0' ('."#/% )' *' +' Pulse at saturation! Spectrum at! saturation! PSI-XFEL: Simulations - 10.11.2008 / S. Reiche Sven Reiche
Simulations FEL-1 at 0.1 nm Low Emittance Gun Saturation Length! 40 m! Pulse Energy! 130 µj! &'!( &'!) Energy of FEL pulse! Average Power! 2 GW! Bandwidth (rms)! 0.04 %!!"#$% &'!* &'!+ Saturation! Divergence (rms)! 1.5 µrad! &'!, Size (rms)! 20 µm! &'!- ' &' 0' ('."#/% )' *' +' Pulse at saturation! Spectrum at saturation! Sven Reiche
Simulations Accelerator: ASTRA, ELEGANT (Yujong Kim) Undulator: GENESIS 1.3 (Sven Reiche) According to our recent ASTRA+ELEGENT+GENESIS S2E simulations for the PSI-XFEL project, recently, we could control electron energy chirp and energy spread with a lower peak current easily, and we could get much improved spectrum bandwidth with I pk = 1.6 ka instead of 2.7 ka for 0.2 nc. Other FEL performance are similar for both cases. ASTRA + ELEGANT Simulation Results chirp for I pk = 2.7 ka chirp for I pk = 1.6 ka BW ~ 0.1% for I pk = 2.7 ka BW ~ 0.05% for I pk = 1.6 ka GENESIS Simulation No of photon per pulse ~ 1.0 10 11 Saturation length ~ 45 m for 2.7 ka Saturation length ~ 55 m for 1.6 ka Yujong Kim, Sven Reiche
Parameters Photons GENESIS Simulations Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Wavelength nm 0.7 0.1 2.8 0.7 7 1.8 Photon Energy kev 1.71 12.00 0.43 1.71 0.17 0.67 Saturation Length m 21.52 39.27 25.54 41.52 20.08 32.81 Effective Gain Length m 1.24 2.49 1.23 2.24 0.96 1.60 Peak Power GW 1.6 2.04 7.76 5.16 6.38 5.06 Pulse Energy mj 0.09 0.13 0.51 0.32 0.46 0.33 Peak Brilliance * 7.4 10 30 1.2 10 32 1.8 10 30 2.3 10 31 2.7 10 29 5.5 10 30 Bandwidth % rms 0.08 0.04 0.31 0.12 0.42 0.17 Beam Size µm rms 34.28 19.33 58.07 41.52 95.56 49.51 Divergence µrad 5.87 1.46 15.84 4.88 30.24 9.29 Intensity (50 m drift) J/cm 2 0.03 0.72 0.03 0.17 0.01 0.05 * number of photons / s mm 2 mrad 2 0.1% bandwidth Sven Reiche
Timeline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ans Braun
Status Low Emittance Gun Test Stand Completed measurements at 250 500 kev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arco Pedrozzi
Status Low Emittance Gun Test Stand Commissioning of 4 MeV Upgrade Double solenoid magnets 500 kv pulser Energy measurements Emittance measurement 2 cell RF cavity prototype
Status Field Emitter Arrays!"#$%&'(&)** Q>Q$,&&,/ : ;<%&'=)6$3'5.&'9$'0$,%)>$,*%)3.$&,.2'$?2.8$6'@-9)$'>26,.2'5$<).8'6A$B)6@3)6$ )6()$)<2**2'5$?2.8$-9@5.)6$.2%A Blunted -tip./0%12 Sharp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ovember 10!" 2008 / M. Pedrozz Marco Pedrozzi Laboratory for Micro- and Nanotechnology
Status 250 MeV Injector Civil Construction November 10
Status 250 MeV Injector Civil Construction November 26
Status PSI-XFEL Preparation of the scientific case Re-optimization of the FEL design Preparation of Technical Design Report Arthos: SASE Porthos: SASE Aramis Arthos: short seed N K-edge XANES KAg(CN) 2 on carbon I+ I- Arthos: long seed metallic Co L 3 and L 2 -edges metallic Cu K-edge 390 395 400 405 410 415 Photon Energy [ev] 770 775 780 785 790 795 800 Photon Energy [ev] 8950 9000 9050 9100 Photon Energy [ev] Bruce Patterson
Thank You to the PSI-XFEL Team Special Thanks for slides and illustrations: Hans Braun, Yujong Kim, Peter Ming, Bruce Patterson, Marco Pedrozzi, Sven Reiche