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`9 <@U!.2,3 K4K5. : /2: M: 0 of 99 2008/07/27 01:53 #."

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. %M&' ( -2(%" Internal Concavity @D ' K4K10K4 `9& @ J@1 " 2 hm8 @D ' " K. - #3 53 " %:5 %5!"/% % '!"/% %:5 5 t1 " K. % &' t1 K4K10K3 \ J@1 5 `9 u' 65 %,* (%8 K4K10K5 2@ 25 %,* (%8 " # n%r K # 2@ 300 " 2@ 25 n%r %,* (%8 # o2& K 8 @ # n%r, %:5 2@ 300 2 `9 # `9 `9 # %!.\ \J@1 OY J@1 65.\ 65 %,* (%8 K4K10K6 @ # o2& n%r2@ 50 %,* (%8 " # n%r K `9 # 2@ 300 " 2@ 50 n%r "%,* (%8 6 Elongated slag Inclusions /%: /%!"5 K4K10K7 2@ 50 % /5" # J5 l 2!"!5 K 300 " " 5 6 @ #. % &' 2@ 1/5 +0 8. %:5 2@ 50 5 % `9 %2 # 2@ 2@ 1/5 % "/5 6 8 l 2 M*!" K. % &' %9 2 -Uk55 +0 # isolated slag Inclusions N" J&!"/5 K4K10K8 3 % "/5 6 C " 8 J5 l!" K 2@ 12/5 `9 %2 # 2@ 300 " +0 # 2@. % &' % J& /5 " 8 n%r l 2 M*!" K. % &' 2 -Uk 55 +0 #n%r Porosity or Gas pockets!!"/fr U@U' K4K10K9 3 of 99 2008/07/27 01:53 #."

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wt V11 `D & %5 a85 +0 #n / @5 %5! P 5*. /F. : r\ 6G@' 6@ $!.7R (& wt + J2' h\ @ 175 :!0 K5K1K1K1, -/%: / (5K1) /2: #%9!0 +J. 3. (& b5 6: @5 +!0!0 V2 W +0 /5 -DM %5! 5!0 0P 5!"!0. %:5 :% 9/U!"/, b,@ 9 K5 '!" @ T5 6V +5 5 p G"!0 5 %:2& /%:\ P!@9 %5 %:5 /%: %1 1 65 +03 +JU O +M' 1 % 5 0 %5!0 S= O +5 3. : /%:!M:9!.2,3 ' : -3 %5. : W@U 5U5' 1!0 M wk'. %:!0 5 P0 " 7J. %:5 /% C %5!5 M7\ U [5 K q\ K5K1K1K2 : - j5 M5" + `\ 48 6 %: /%,* E +0 wt C /5 6@'@\ h9 K 6-6M2 +"!".5 p 5 %5. %:5 ( %%\ b2' +0 5! U : < 0/3 -Uk,) 2@ 0/5 +0,* @ -Uk 3%R (. 2@ 0/2 +0,* -Uk 2@ 8 2 C 5 (@ 5 3%R - K. 2 5 (@ 1/5 3%R /%: /!0 5 %,* K. 2 5 (@ 0/5 3%R D!5 %,* K. % 100 3%R # K. N"V +@ C 3%R % 48 - K 6 of 99 2008/07/27 01:53 #."

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ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran ISIRI NUMBER 2097 Nature gas piping industrial areas 3 rd Revision 1 st Edition 9 of 99 2008/07/27 01:53 #."