Astronet II- University of Surrey MID-TERM MEETING REPORT Pedro J. Llanos, Marie Curie Experienced Researcher
OUTLINE 1. Personal Background 2. Research Performed with GMV 3. Joint Research Collaborations 4. Short-Term Objectives of Marie Curie Fellowship Page 2
Personal Background Astronautical Engineering Ph.D. Thesis (2012): Trajectory Mission Design and Navigation for a Space Weather Forecast University Of Southern California, USA Astronautical Engineering M.S. (2008) University Of Southern California, USA Astrophysics M.S. Thesis (2005): Spectral Synthesis of Gamma Ray Bursts Afterglows University of Oklahoma at Norman, USA B.S. Physics (2003) Universitat de València, Spain Page 3
Research Performed with GMV (1/1) Marie Curie Postdoctoral Experienced Researcher at GMV, Aerospace and Defence, S.A. (2012-2013) Scientists in Charge: Mariella Graziano Jesus Gil-Fernandez (tutor) Tomas Prieto Anticipated Conference Presentation: P.J. Llanos, M. Di Domenico, J. Gil-Fernandez: "GNC Technologies for Proximity Operations in Missions to Small Bodies". GNC/AAS Conference, Breckenridge, USA, AAS 13-092, 1-6 February 2013 Page 4
Joint Research Collaborations (1/9) P.J. Llanos, G.R. Hintz, M.W. Lo, J.K. Miller: "Heteroclinic and Homoclinic Connections between the Triangular Points in the Sun-Earth System and Quasi-Satellite Orbits for Solar Observations". AAS-AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference, Hilton Head, South Carolina, USA AAS 13-786, 10-15 August 2013. (100% personally financed, GMV forced me to take vacations) D. Landau, J. Dankanich, N. Strange, J. Bellerose, P.J. Llanos, M. Tantardini: "Trajectory to Nab a NEA (Near Earth-Asteroid)". AAS-AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference, Kauai, AAS 13-409, 12-14 February 2013. Collaborations with University of Southern California, NASA-JPL, NASA- Ames Research Center, Keck-Institute for Space Studies at Caltech and Private Communications with Former Space Navigator at KinetX, Inc. Page 5
Joint Research Collaborations (2/9) J.K. Miller, P.J. Llanos, G.R. Hintz: "Trajectory Dynamics of Gas Molecules and Galaxy Formation". AAS-AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference, Hilton Head, South Carolina, USA, AAS 13-863, 10-15 August 2013. (100% personally financed, GMV forced me to take vacations) P.J. Llanos, J.K. Miller, G.R. Hintz: "Comet Thermal Model for Navigation". AAS-AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference, Kauai, AAS 13-259, 12-14 February 2013. P.J. Llanos, J.K. Miller, G.R. Hintz: "L5 Mission Design Targeting Strategy". AAS-AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference, Kauai, AAS 13-223, 12-14 February 2013. P. J. Llanos, J. K. Miller, G. R. Hintz, Orbital Evolution and Environmental Analysis Around Asteroid 2008 EV5, Space Flight Mechanics Conference, Santa Fe, New Mexico, Jan 26-30, 2014 (accepted) (How can I finance this research performed exclusively on my own at the GMV that will be presented at the next AAS-AIAA conference?) Page 6
Joint Research Collaborations (3/9) Novel Guidance, Navigation and Control Techniques for proximity operations to Small Bodies and the Planetary Moons ESA s Marco Polo R Mission to asteroid 2008 EV5 Planetary Martian Moons Problem: Very little is known about the environment surrounding the body and even less about its shape. Most studies to this date use approximation models based on harmonic expansions Gravitational innacuracies during flight operations, especially close to the surface A solution: Exact Gravity Model (even on the surface) is under development Use of Dynamical System Theory allow us to find trajectories in the Mars-Phobos system Page 7
Joint Research Collaborations (4/9) 2008 EV5 400 m 1994 CC Busch et al. 2011 Z X Brozovic et al. 2011 [Llanos 2014] Parametric Model Triaxial Ellipsoidal Model Page 8
Z(m) Z(m) Y(m) 600 400 Orbits around 2008 EV5 1000 Joint Research Collaborations 800 (5/9) Orbits around 2008 EV5 200 0-200 -400-600 1000-800 -1000 500 0-1000 -500 0 500 1000 X(m) Orbits around 2008 EV5-500 1000-1000 500 1000 0 0 1000 0 Y(m) -1000-1000 X(m) -500-1000 -1000-500 0 500 1000 Y(m) Page 9
Joint Research Collaborations (8/9) (Significant) Trajectory perturbations observed on interplanetary missions attributed to expulsion of gas from the spacecraft. Loss of attitude control, Hydrogen was expelled [Mariner 6, 1969] Trapped gas in parachute of the lander [Viking, 1975] Gas venting from Messenger spacecraft after launch to Mercury [Messenger, 2006] These events were analyzed by direct application of the kinetic of theory of gases. Our work [AAS 13-863] Probability distribution of velocity of gas molecules, exact model of an ideal gas. Tested with Newtonian N-Body direct method. AAS 13-863 Page 10
Joint Research Collaborations (9/9) [Miller and Kusch, 1955] Nobel Prize [Llanos, Miller and Hintz 2013] AAS 13-863 Page 11
Joint Research Collaborations (6/9) Temperature varies radially within the comet 1000 iterations ~ 645 years T max = 244.8 K, T min = 235.5 K 2000 iterations ~ 1290 years T max = 226.2 K, T min = 208.0 K 3000 iterations ~ 1935 years T max = 215.6 K, T min = 187.3 K 4000 iterations ~ 2580 years T max = 210.3 K, T min = 169.5 K 7000 iterations ~ 4515 years T max = 211.8 K, T min = 109.5 K AAS 13-259 Page 12
Joint Research Collaborations (7/9) Warmest parts at latitudes of 75 to about 90 (northern regions of Himeros) towards the poles. Equatorial coolest regions between longitudes about 100-180. Psyche, Himeros and Shoemaker are cold mid-latitude regions. Simulated Thermal Map of Comet Spectral Coverage of Eros during the low flyby part of NEAR mission (limited to northern hemisphere) AAS 13-259 Page 13
Short-Term Objectives of Marie Curie Fellwoship Publications: [1] GNC Technologies for Proximity Operations in Missions to Small Bodies (with GMV) [2] Heteroclinic and Homoclinic Connections between the Triangular Points in the Sun-Earth System and Quasi-Satellite Orbits for Solar Observations (accepted for publication-100% personally financed + forced vacations) [3] Trajectory to Nab a NEA (Near Earth-Asteroid) [4] Trajectory Dynamics of Gas Molecules and Galaxy Formation (submitted for publication-100% personally financed) [5] Comet Thermal Model for Navigation (to be submitted for publication) [6] L5 Mission Design Targeting Strategy (to be submitted for publication) [7] Orbital Evolution and Environmental Analysis Around Asteroid 2008 EV5 (depending on the funding) Page 14
Short-Term Objectives of Marie Curie Fellowship Other Conference Presentation: GMV-work not related to my project [1] Hardware in the Loop Validation of GNC for RDV/RDC Scenarios Professional Trainning (Course Work, Teaching Activity): GNC Division for New Incorporation, GMV Internal Course (1 hour) (how the GMV was structured) Estimation Theory, GMV Internal Course Optical Control Theory Estimation: Vision-Based Navigation TOTAL HOURS since February 2013- October 3 rd, 2013 Mariella Graziano (0-hours) Jesus Gil-Fernandez (7.5-hours) Tomas Prieto (2-hours) Page 15
FINAL GMV-REMARKS Man, you have been to Rome, you have just been to Glasgow and you were in the States. My salary is lower than yours. I have many proposals to write and if we do not win these, we do not get money and if we do not get money, we cannot eat, unlike you have the money coming every month. I am doing you a favor because I would not have taken you next year at the GMV since things are not that good. You have to know that the world of ASTRONET where you are, is a fictitious world in which you do not know how things work in the real world. Well, you must have saved a lot of money from the Marie Curie Fellowship. You earn more than me, well, more than most people at the GMV. Page 16
THANK YOU Pedro J. Llanos, Ph.D. Marie Curie Experienced Researcher Email: pedro.j.llanos.1@gmail.com Let s run because the whole world is running