π π + in Forward Pion Electroproduction Separated Response Function Ratios Cornel Butuceanu ccbutu@jlab.org APS Meeting, St. Louis, MO, 1-15 April 008
Jefferson Lab F π Collaboration R. Ent, D. Gaskell, M.K. Jones, D. Mack, D. Meekins, J. Roche, G. Smith, W. Vulcan, G. Warren, S.A. Wood Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA, USA C. Butuceanu, E.J. Brash, G.M. Huber, V. Kovaltchouk, G.J. Lolos, S. Vidakovic, C. Xu University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada H. Blok, V. Tvaskis Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands E. Beise, H. Breuer, C.C. Chang, T. Horn, P. King, J. Liu, P.G. Roos University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA W. Boeglin, P. Markowitz, J. Reinhold Florida International University, FL, USA J. Arrington, R. Holt, D. Potterveld, P. Reimer, X. Zheng Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA H. Mkrtchyan, V. Tadevosyan Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia S. Jin, W. Kim Kyungook National University, Taegu, Korea M.E. Christy, C. Keppel, L.G. Tang Hampton University, Hampton, VA, USA J. Volmer DESY, Hamburg, Germany A. Matsumura, T. Miyoshi, Y. Okayasu Tohuku University, Sendai, Japan B. Barrett, A. Sarty St. Mary s University, Halifax, NS, Canada K. Aniol, D. Margaziotis California State University, Los Angeles, CA, USA L. Pentchev, C. Perdrisat College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA
Motivation H(e, e'π Testing the t-pole dominance key factor in the extraction of the pion form factor F. π π ± + )nn, H(e, e' π - )pp reactions Pion electroproduction can proceed via isovector and isoscalar photons. t-pole q σ(γ n π p) A A V S The experimental ratio R = v σ(γ p π + = evolution with n) v A + A V S -t gives a good indication of the presence of isoscalar processes. R R σ L T L Separated ratios and tests the t-pole contribution to.
Previous Studies At low -t Q π R R L = Q π + = 1 At high -t Q d R R T = = Q u 1/4 A. Nachtmann, Nucl. Phys. B 115 (1976) 61 Unseparated cross section ratios
Experimental Setup Hall C spectrometers:! Coincidence measurement.! SOS detects e -.! HMS detects π + and π -. Targets:! Liquid 4-cm H/D cells.! Al (dummy) target for background measurement.! 1 C solid targets for optics calibration. Exp Q W (GeV/c) (GeV) t min E e (Gev/c) (GeV) Fπ-1 0.6-1.6 1.95 0.03-0.150 0.150.445-4.045 Fπ- 1.6,.5. 0.093,0.189 3.779-5.46
Event selection Electron-pion coincidences Pions detected in HMS Cerenkov & Coincidence time for PID Electrons detected in SOS Cerenkov & Lead Glass Calorimeter Random coincidences Exclusivity assured via 0.875<MM<1.05 GeV cut
Kinematics Coverage Take data at three angles: θπq=0 o, +4 o, -4 o. σ TT, σ LT Diamond cuts define common (W,Q ) coverage at both ε. Extract σ L by simultaneous fit of L,T,LT,TT σ σ σ σ π d σ d d T d d TT = ε L + + ε dtd φ dt dt dt + dt LT ( ε + 1 ) cos φ ε cos φ
Data Analysis! Magnetic Calibrations Over-constrained p(e,e p) and elastic e + 1 C reactions were used to calibrate spectrometer acceptances, momenta momenta and angular offsets. SOS & HMS Delta/xpfp correlations were corrected with a ' linear dependent function of form. δ' = δ + C δ x fp! Corrections to the high rate data set π π data were taken at high rates while data were taken at low rates. Understanding the rate dependent corrections is very important with respect to the final ratios. -New high rate tracking algorithm. -Better high rate tracking efficiencies (-9%). π π+ σ π /σ - π HMS Cerenkov blocking correction (-0%). + -High current ( data set) target boiling correction (-13%). π +
EXISTING MODELS (VGG & VGL) VGL Regge Model VGG GPD Model Pion electroproduction in terms of exchange of π and ρ Regge trajectories. [VGL, PRC 57(1998)1454] Model parameters fixed from pion photoproduction. Free parameters: Λ π and Λρ Pion electroproduction in terms of generalized skewed quark distributions (OFPD). [VGG,PRD 60(1999)094017] Include power corrections due to: intrinsic transverse momentum of the active quark (from H data). F π, ρ (Q ) = [1 + Q /Λ π,ρ ] ρ exchange does not significantly influence σ L at small t. 1 soft overlap type contributions (no gluon exchange) Free parameters: Λ π and Λρ (from H data).
Separated Response Functions
Separated Response Functions Ratios
Summary Separated T LT TT cross sections were extracted using Rosenbluth L/T separation technique. R σ L, σ, σ, σ σ π = σ π Ratios were extracted as a function of -t. + R L Preliminary results show that is consistent with 1 over the whole range in t indicating a dominance of isovector processes at low t in the longitudinal response function σ L. These findings confirm the expectation that σ L is indeed dominated by the t-pole term. In the kinematic region studied here both ratios and present a Q very slight dependence of. R L R T R T The evolution of with t shows a rapid fall off which is consistent with earlier theoretical predictions, expected to approach ¼, the square of the ratio of the quark charges involved.
HMS Q3 Corrections δ HMS = δ HMS + C δ x ' fp Old Q3/Dipole ratio δ HMS = P P HMS P HMS * 100
SOS Optics Calibration For low momentum (<1.6 GeV/c) we used the Fpi1 (1999) optics matrix & delta/xpfp correction. For high momentum (>1.6 GeV/c) we used the Fpi (003) new optics matrix & delta/xpfp correction.
HMS Cerenkov Blocking 10 4 10 3 10 10 1 10 5 10 4 10 3 10 10 Fπ-1 Npe>0.5 Npe>.0-50 0 50 100 150 00 50 300 350 400 450 HMS Cerenkov TDC (ns) Fπ- ε = HMS CC TDC spectrum for e as identified by the HMS CC ADC CC 1 τ=10 ns τ=170 ns -50 0 50 100 150 00 50 300 350 400 450 HMS Cerenkov TDC (ns) R e τ CC! Used data taken with open trigger (el. & pions) to fit the effective time window.! The TDC time window in Fpi1 is 3% larger than in Fpi.! Used the Fpi data to fit the effective TDC gate (for the same CC cut).! For a CC cut of npe<1.5 the effective TDC gate for Fpi1 set is ~184 ns.! Implies a larger correction for Fpi1 data (18-0 % at 1MHz).! Significant impact in pi- (high rate) data. ε τ CC CC = = 1-184 R e ± τ 5 CC ns! Uncertainties associated with this correction are of the order of 1.6% at 1MHz.
Corrected Tracking Efficiencies A ~8% correction to the tracking efficiencies at 1.4MHz was applied to the high rate data (pi-).
Simulations vs Experimental data Simulated Missing Mass spectrum was improved by implementing pions that were penetrating the collimator. Pion Punchthrough Implementation resulted in an overall improved simulated kinematic variables (W,Q,-t).
HMS Q3 corrections Using central HMS kinematics and detected proton momentum we reconstruct the invariant mass W (electron mass). The W vs X distribution was fitted with 1 degree polynomial. DNP Meeting, NN, Virginia, 13 October 007
SOS Q3 Corrections 003 SOS optics matrix
Tracking efficiency Two issues: 1. The Fpi1 version of the Trk. Eff. algorithm used a cleaner data sample by removing the multiple hits events resulting in overevaluated trk. eff.. The Fpi version used a dirty data sample by including the multiple hits events resulting in subevaluated trk. eff.! The high rate data (pi-) is the most sensitive to the tracking efficiency correction (~10% at 1.4 MHz).! A linear correction dependent of event rate was applied to the tracking efficiencies of pi- data. Hall C Users Meeting, JLab, January 19, 008
SOS Q3 Corrections Low momentum (<1.6 GeV/c) old settings & corrections works fine. High momentum (>1.6 GeV/c) use of new SOS optic matrix & new delta/xpfp correction.
ε P P Tracking Efficiency tracking 1 = R 1 = P 1 ε 1 + P ε 0.984 τ P DC ε 1 = ε = 0.71 τ DC - DC gate width R DC rate P -single hit probability 1 P - multiple hits probability
HMS Cerenkov Blocking 10 4 10 3 10 10 1 Fπ-1 Npe>0.5 Npe>.0 τ=10 ns -50 0 50 100 150 00 50 300 350 400 450 HMS Cerenkov TDC (ns) Using data taken with open trigger (el. & pions). The TDC time window in Fpi1 is 3% larger than in Fpi. Use the Fpi data to fit the effective gate (same CC cut). For npe<.0 gate width 190 ns. 10 5 10 4 Fπ- τ=170 ns Implies a larger correction in Fpi1 (18-0 % at 1MHz). 10 3 10 Significant impact in pi- (high rate) data. 10-50 0 50 100 150 00 50 300 350 400 450 HMS Cerenkov TDC (ns) HMS CC TDC spectrum for e as identified by the HMS CC ADC ε = 1 R e CC τ CC
Kinematic Variables
Separated Response Functions
Separated Response Functions
Separated Response Functions Ratios